Biology Challenge 2022 Paper Final

BIOLOGY CHALLENGE 2022
Duration: 50 minutes Total marks: 94
考试时长：50 分钟考试总分：94
Instructions
考试说明
Do not open this booklet until you are told to do .

未经允许请勿开启试卷。
Write all your answers on the Answer Sheet provided.

请考生将全部答案填写在答题纸上。
While students are expected to attempt all questions for a complete

examinationin 50 minutes.
请考生在 50 分钟内完成本次考试的所有题目。
For questions that has more than one answer, partial marks will be given for
extra, wrong and missing selection based on the number of options.
多选题如果多选、错选、漏选会根据选项个数得到一定的分数。
The Chinese translation is for reference only. In case of contradictions, please

follow the original English text.
中文翻译仅供参考，如遇冲突，请以英文原文为准。
* Contest problems are only for non-commercial and eductional purposes. Commercial usage of problems without permission and posting entire
contests or contest books are prohibited. In case of violation, legal actions will be taken.
* 试题仅限于非商业及教育用途，未经组委会授权，禁止任何机构媒体公开发布或用于商业利益，一经发现，将诉诸法律手段。
Copyright 2021 UNITED KINGDOM BIOLOGY COMPETITIONS
Biology Challenge 2022 Paper 1

Question 1
Part 1 of 6
Problem 1. I am a member of the crow family. My plumage has pink, blue, black and white in it. I am well
known for gathering acorns as a winter cache. What am I?
问题 1: 我是乌鸦家族的一员。我的羽毛颜色有粉红色、蓝色、黑色和白色。众所周知，我收集橡
树果实，储存起来作冬季的食物。请问“我”是什么动物？
1 mark
Choose ONE 单选
a) Jay 松鸦
b) Squirrel 松鼠
c) Magpie 喜鹊
d) Jackdaw 乌鸦
Part 2 of 6
Problem 2.The kingfisher is an expert at diving to catch its fish prey. How does a kingfisher eat its prey?
问题 2: 翠鸟是潜入水中捕食鱼类的专家。请问翠鸟如何吃掉猎物？
1 mark
Choose ONE 单选
a) In small pieces 分成小块
b) Tail first 先吃尾部
c) Head first 先吃头部
d) Stir fried 煸炒
Part 3 of 6
Problem 3. 'Hazel' and 'edible' are types of which mammal found in the UK?
问题 3: 出现在英国的哪种哺乳动物是“浅赤褐色的”和 “可食用的”？
1 mark
Choose ONE 单选
a) Marten 貂
b) Bat 蝙蝠
c) Shrew 鼩鼱
d) Dormouse 睡鼠
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Part 4 of 6
Problem 4. I spend much of my life in freshwater but head to the Sargasso Sea to reproduce. I am often
eaten by herons and egrets. What am I?
问题 4: 我一生中大部分时间都在淡水中度过，但为了产卵，会前往马尾藻海。我经常会被苍鹭和
白鹭吃掉。请问“我”是什么动物？
1 mark
Choose ONE 单选
a) Eel 鳗鱼
b) Salmon 鲑鱼
c) Crayfish 螯虾
d) Mullet 鲻鱼
Part 5 of 6
Problem 5. Marram grass is a key species in which dynamic habitat?
问题 5: 滨草是哪个动态栖息地的重要物种？
1 mark
Choose ONE 单选
a) Meadow 草甸
b) Heathland 欧石楠荒原
c) Saltmarsh 盐碱地
d) Dunes 沙丘
Part 6 of 6
Problem 6. House sparrows have declined dramatically in many parts of the UK in recent years. They are
now a red-listed bird of conservation concern. What do they collect in order to provide their young with
protein rich food?
问题 6: 近年来，英国许多地方的家雀数量急剧下降。它们现在是一种被列入红色名录的保护鸟
类。请问它们会收集什么来给幼鸟提供蛋白丰富的食物？
1 mark
Choose ONE 单选
a) Seeds 种子
b) Invertebrates 无脊椎动物
c) Berries 浆果
d) Fish 鱼类
Question 2
Part 1 of 7
Problem 7. Slugs and snails are some of the most important pests in the garden, eating plants and spoiling
their appearance and making them unfit to consume. What are slugs and snails?
问题 7: 蛞蝓和蜗牛是花园里一些最主要的害虫，它们吃植物，破坏植物外观，让植物无法食用。
请问蛞蝓和蜗牛属于什么？
1 mark
Choose ONE 单选
a) Crustaceans 甲壳类动物
b) Slime moulds 黏菌
c) Insects 昆虫
d) Molluscs 软体动物
Part 2 of 7
Problem 8. The following creatures are all garden pests but which of them are insects?
问题 8: 以下生物都是花园里的害虫，请问其中哪些是昆虫？
4 marks
Choose as many as appropriate 请选出所有正确的答案
a) Carrot fly 胡萝卜蝇
b) Aphid 蚜虫
c) Woodlouse 鼠妇
d) Vine weevil 蔓藤象鼻虫
Part 3 of 7
Problem 9. One species of trout spends all its life in fresh water. What colour is it?
问题 9: 有一种鳟鱼一生都在淡水中度过。请问它的颜色是什么？
1 mark
Choose ONE 单选
a) Gold 金色
b) Silver 银色
c) Brown 棕色
d) Rainbow 彩虹色
Part 4 of 7
Problem 10. What is a slow worm?
问题 10:“slow worm”是什么？
1 mark
Choose ONE 单选
a) A snake without scales 没有鳞片的蛇
b) A lizard without legs 没有腿的蜥蜴
c) A large earth worm 一种大蚯蚓
d) An eel that lives on land 一种生活在陆地的鳗鱼
Part 5 of 7
Problem 11. What word best describes the following organisms?
* Fairies' Bonnet * Witches Butter * Lemon Disco * Snakeskin Brownie
问题 11: 请问哪个词可以描述下列生物？
* 仙女的帽子* 女巫的黄油 * 柠檬迪斯科 * 蛇皮布朗尼，
1 mark
Choose ONE 单选
a) Food 食物
b) Plants 植物
c) Fungi 真菌
d) Butterflies 蝴蝶
Part 6 of 7
Problem 12. What colour is the squirrel which is a native of the British Isles?
问题 12: 不列颠群岛本土的松鼠是什么颜色？
1 mark
Choose ONE 单选
a) Grey 灰色
b) Black 黑色
c) Brown 棕色
d) Red 红色
Part 7 of 7
Problem 13. What is the name of the owl that makes the ‘twit-twoo’ call?
问题 13: 有一种能发出 “twit-twoo ”叫声的鸮，请问它的名字是什么？
1 mark
Choose ONE 单选
a) Barn owl 仓鸮
b) Little owl 小鸮
c) Tawny owl 灰林鸮
d) Long-eared owl 长耳鸮
Question 3
Part 1 of 11
For each of the following questions choose the correct answer from the table below. Each number may be
used once, more than once or not at all.
从下表中选择出下列问题的正确答案。每个数字可以使用一次、多次或者不使用。
Part 2 of 11
Problem 14. How many chromosomes are there in a human white blood cell?
问题 14: 人体一个白细胞中有多少条染色体?
1 mark
Please write it down on the answer sheet 请将答案写在答题纸上
Part 3 of 11
Problem 15. How many strands does a DNA molecule have?
问题 15: 一个 DNA 分子有多少条链?
1 mark
Part 4 of 11
Problem 16. How many classes of vertebrates are there?
问题 16: 请问脊椎动物包括几个纲?
1 mark
Part 5 of 11
Problem 17. How many canine teeth do human adults usually have?
问题 17: 请问成年人通常有多少颗犬齿?
1 mark
Part 6 of 11
Problem 18. How many gametes (egg and sperm cells) are involved in the formation of non-identical
twins?
问题 18: 有多少个配子（卵子和精子）参与了异卵双胞胎的形成？
1 mark
Part 7 of 11
Problem 19. How many gametes (egg and sperm cells) are involved in the formation of identical twins?
问题 19: 请问有多少个配子（卵子和精子）参与了同卵双胞胎的形成?
1 mark
Part 8 of 11
Problem 20. How many kidneys does a dolphin have?
问题 20: 请问一只海豚有多少个肾脏?
1 mark
Part 9 of 11
Problem 21. How many bones are there in a human body?
问题 21: 请问人体内有多少块骨头?
1 mark
Part 10 of 11
Problem 22. How many pairs of legs does an insect have?
问题 22: 请问一只昆虫有几对腿?
1 mark
Part 11 of 11
Problem 23. Number of days in the human oestrus cycle plus the number of legs on a spider minus the
number of chambers in the human heart.
问题 23:人类生理周期的天数加上蜘蛛的腿数，再减去人类心脏的腔室数，得到的数字是多少？
1 mark
Question 4
Part 1 of 8
Type the first letter of the biological word which matches each of the following statements. Is it A, B, C,
D, E, F, G or H? You must only enter the first letter in each case.
请填写与下列陈述相匹配的生物相关单词的第一个字母。是 A、B、C、D、E、F、G 还是 H ? 只
写每个生物单词的第一个字母。
Part 2 of 8
Problem 24. A section of DNA which contains instructions to make a protein.
问题 24: DNA 中包含合成蛋白质指令的一个片段。
1 mark
Part 3 of 8
Problem 25. A substance produced by the liver and stored in the gall bladder.
问题 25: 由肝脏产生并储存在胆囊中的物质。
1 mark
Part 4 of 8
Problem 26. A type of medicine which can be used to treat bacterial infections but has no effect on viruses.
问题 26: 一种可用于治疗细菌感染但对病毒无效的药物。
1 mark
Part 5 of 8
Problem 27. A substance which increases the rate of a chemical reaction.
问题 27: 一种加快化学反应速率的物质。
1 mark
Part 6 of 8
Problem 28. A state which resembles deep sleep and is used by certain animals to reduce the need for
energy during the winter.
问题 28: 一种类似于深度睡眠的状态，某些动物利用这种状态来减少冬季对能量的需求。
1 mark
Part 7 of 8
Problem 29. The process which yeast uses to break down sugar into alcohol.
问题 29: 酵母将糖分解成酒精的过程。
1 mark
Part 8 of 8
Problem 30. The removal of chemical waste from the body. For example, the lungs removing carbon
dioxide.
问题 30: 人体内化学废物的排出。例如，肺排出二氧化碳。
1 mark
Question 5
Part 1 of 10
Type the first letter of the biological word which matches each of the following statements. Is it I, J, K, L,
M, N, O, P or Q? You must only enter the first letter in each case.
请写出与下列陈述相匹配的生物相关单词的第一个字母。是 I、 J、 K 、L、 M、 N 、O 、P 还是
Q? 只写每个生物相关单词的第一个字母。
Part 2 of 10
Problem 31. The type of acid produced by the body when there is a lack of oxygen.
问题 31: 人体缺氧时产生的一种酸
1 mark
Part 3 of 10
Problem 32. The chemical reactions in the body, including respiration.
问题 32: 包括呼吸作用的体内化学反应。
1 mark
Part 4 of 10
Problem 33. Living things are divided into groups, the largest of which are known as......
问题 33: 生物划分为不同的群体，其中最大的群体是……
1 mark
Part 5 of 10
Problem 34. An organism that lives in or on another living thing, getting their food from it while it is still
alive.
问题 34: 一种生活在另一生物体内或依靠该生物体生存的有机体。在生物体还存活时，它从其身上
上获取食物。
1 mark
Part 6 of 10
Problem 35. The process which involves genetic information being passed on from parent to offspring.
问题 35: 亲代将遗传信息传给后代的过程。
1 mark
Part 7 of 10
Problem 36. A unit of energy, equal to the work done by a force of one newton acting through one metre.
问题 36: 能量单位，相当于一牛顿的力移动一米距离所做的功。
1 mark
Part 8 of 10
Problem 37. The movement of water from a region where water molecules are in higher concentration to
where they are in lower concentration, through a partially permeable membrane.
问题 37: 水分子通过半透膜从水分子浓度高的地方运动到水分子浓度低的地方。
1 mark
Part 9 of 10
Problem 38. The part of a cell which contains genetic information.
问题 38: 细胞中含有遗传信息的部分
1 mark
Part 10 of 10
Problem 39. A square frame used in ecology to sample the distribution of organisms over a large area.
问题 39: 生态学中使用的一种方形框架，用于对大面积分布的生物体进行采样。
1 mark
Question 6
Part 1 of 9
Type the first letter of the biological word which matches each of the following statements. Is it R, S, T, U,
V, W, X, Y or Z? You must only enter the first letter in each case.
请填写与下列陈述相匹配的生物相关单词的第一个字母。是 R、S、T、U、V、W、X、Y 还是 Z？
只写出每个生物单词的第一个字母。
Part 2 of 9
Problem 40. A membrane-bound structure in cells. Plant cells often have a particularly large one which
helps with water balance.
问题 40: 细胞中具有膜包裹的结构。植物细胞中通常有这样一个特别大且有助于水平衡的结构。
1 mark
Part 3 of 9
Problem 41. The region of the body between the head and the abdomen.
问题 41: 头部和腹部之间的身体部分。
1 mark
Part 4 of 9
Problem 42. Known as the universal solvent.
问题 42: 它被称为万能溶剂。
1 mark
Part 5 of 9
Problem 43. A three letter prefix used to indicate animals and animal life.
问题 43: 一个三个字母的前缀，用于表示动物和动物生命。
1 mark
Part 6 of 9
Problem 44. Produced by the kidneys and stored in the bladder before leaving the body.
问题 44: 由肾脏产生，并且排出身体前储存在膀胱中。
1 mark
Part 7 of 9
Problem 45. A type of transport tissue in plants. Its main function is to transport water from the roots to
other parts of the plant.
问题 45: 植物中的一种运输组织。其主要功能是将水从植物的根部输送到其他部分。
1 mark
Part 8 of 9
Problem 46. A type of fungus used in baking and brewing.
问题 46: 一种用于烘焙和酿造的真菌
1 mark
Part 9 of 9
Problem 47. A group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of producing fertile
offspring.
问题 47: 由能够产生可育后代的相似个体组成的一群生物体。
1 mark
Biology Challenge 2022 Paper 2

Question 1
Part 1 of 9
Problem 1. Some animals, such as hamsters, are active during the night. They are described as being...
问题 1: 有些动物，如仓鼠，在夜间很活跃。它们是...
1 mark
Choose ONE 单选
a) diurnal 昼行性动物
b) nocturnal 夜行性动物
c) annual 一年生的
d) biennial 两年生的
Part 2 of 9
Problem 2. Some animals are ectotherms (cold blooded). An advantage of this is...
问题 2: 有些动物是冷血动物（变温动物、外温动物），这种动物的优势是...
1 mark
Choose ONE 单选
a) they can use the sun to warm themselves up 它们可以利用太阳来取暖
b) they tend to live in warm places 它们往往生活在温暖的地方
c) they don't need to eat very much food 它们不需要吃很多食物
d) they are less active at night 它们在夜间活动较少
Part 3 of 9
Problem 3. Which of these animals are both endotherms (warm blooded)?
问题 3: 以下哪种动物都是恒温动物（热血动物）？
1 mark
Choose ONE 单选
a) Whale and herring 鲸鱼和鲱鱼
b) Herring and shark 鲱鱼和鲨鱼
c) Shark and dolphin 鲨鱼和海豚
d) Dolphin and whale 海豚和鲸鱼
Part 4 of 9
Problem 4. Camels are well adapted to their dry desert environment. Which of the following adaptations
help the camel with the **dry** environment?
问题 4: 骆驼相当适应干燥的沙漠环境。以下哪些适应方式可以帮助骆驼适应“干燥的”环境?
1 mark
a) Long legs to keep it further away from the hot desert sand 长腿帮助它们远离炎热的沙子
b) Sand-coloured camouflage 沙色保护色
c) Extremely dry faeces and concentrated urine 粪便异常干燥，尿液浓度高
d) A large storage hump 巨大的驼峰
e) See-through eyelids 透明的眼睑
Part 5 of 9
Problem 5. Plants also have to protect themselves from the desert heat and preserve water. Which of the
following is NOT an adaptation desert plants use?
问题 5: 植物也需要保护自己不受沙漠热量的影响并保存水分。以下哪项不是沙漠植物的适应方
式？
1 mark
Choose ONE 单选
a) thick, waxy skin 厚实的蜡质表皮
b) sharp spikes 尖刺
c) very dark leaves 非常黑的叶子
d) deep and wide roots 根深叶茂
Part 6 of 9
Problem 6. Bacteria cause diseases in many different animals. Disease-causing bacteria from ants,
dolphins, frogs, and trout were cultured on agar plates at 37°C. The bacteria from which species grew
quickest?
问题 6: 细菌会给许多动物带来疾病。将来自蚂蚁、海豚、青蛙和鳟鱼的致病细菌放在 37°C 的琼
脂平板上培养。请问来自哪个物种的致病细菌生长得最快?
1 mark
Choose ONE 单选
a) Ants 蚂蚁
b) Dolphins 海豚
c) Frogs 青蛙
d) Trout 鳟鱼
Part 7 of 9
Problem 7. What is a hermaphrodite?
问题 7: 下列哪种动物是雌雄同体？
1 mark
Choose ONE 单选
a) A type of mollusc 一种软体动物
b) A type of worm 一种蠕虫
c) An organism that reproduces asexually 一种无性繁殖的生物体
d) An organism that has male and female sex organs 一种有雄性和雌性性器官的生物体
Part 8 of 9
Problem 8. Chillies are fruits that contain the chemical capsaicin. Capsaicin binds temperature-sensitive
proteins in the mouths of mammals which causes an intense burning sensation. When mammals eat fruit,
they chew and grind seeds. Birds cannot chew and so the seeds are not damaged when they eat them.
Using only this information, which of the following statements is most likely to be correct?
问题 8: 辣椒是一种含有化学物质辣椒素的水果。辣椒素与哺乳动物口腔中的感温蛋白结合，会引
起强烈的灼烧感。哺乳动物吃水果时，会嚼碎种子。鸟类无法咀嚼，因此它们吃种子时不会破坏
种子。仅利用这些信息，以下哪种说法最可能是正确的？
1 mark
Choose ONE 单选
a) Brightly coloured chillies attract more birds than mammals.
色彩鲜艳的辣椒对鸟类的吸引能力比哺乳动物更强。
b) Chillies grow on high branches which can be reached by birds, but not mammals.
辣椒生长在鸟类可以飞到的高树枝上，但哺乳动物无法到达树枝。
c) Chilli seeds are very tough to resist chewing
辣椒籽非常难嚼。
d) Birds do not have proteins sensitive to capsaicin
鸟类没有对辣椒素敏感的蛋白质。
e) Mammals eat chillies to stay warm.
哺乳动物吃辣椒来保暖。
Part 9 of 9
Problem 9. A giraffe’s tongue is around 45 cm long. Which one of the following statements is true?
问题 9: 长颈鹿的舌头大约有 45 cm 长。以下哪一个说法是正确的？
1 mark
Choose ONE 单选
a) The giraffe flicks its tongue in and out of ant mounds to pick up the worker ants for food.
长颈鹿用舌头进出蚁穴，以捡拾工蚁作为食物。
b) The tongue is used to pick leaves from between the thorns on acacia trees.
舌头是用来从金合欢树的荆棘间摘取树叶。
c) The sticky end of the tongue enables it to be used to catch flying insects for food.
舌头粘稠的末端可以用来捕捉飞虫作为食物。
d) The tongue is immensely strong and can be used to carry baby giraffes.
舌头非常强壮，可以用来支撑小长颈鹿。
e) The tongue is used for the giraffe to swing from branch to branch.
长颈鹿利用舌头在树枝间来回摆动。
Question 2
Part 1 of 11
Ten characteristics and ten groups of organisms. The organisms within each group share one of the
characteristics. Identify which one and type the letter in each case.
Characteristics: A. More than six legs B. Extinct C. Webbed feet D. Produce a poison
E. Mammals F. Native to UK G. Aquatic H. Hibernate I. Nocturnal J. Scaly skin
有十个生物体特征和十组生物。每组中的生物都拥有一个共同特征。判断是哪一个特征，并将特
征对应的字母填在下方。
特征：A. 六条以上的腿 B. 已灭绝 C. 蹼足 D. 产生一种毒药 E. 哺乳动物 F. 原产于英国
G. 水生动物 H. 冬眠 I. 夜间活动 J. 鳞状皮肤
Part 2 of 11
Problem 10. Group 1: Red squirrel, robin, oak tree, barn owl
问题 10: 第 1 组：红松鼠、知更鸟、橡树、仓鸮
1 mark
Part 3 of 11
Problem 11. Group 2: Platypus, frog, duck, otter
问题 11: 第 2 组。鸭嘴兽、青蛙、鸭子、水獭
1 mark
Part 4 of 11
Problem 12. Group 3: Armadillo, crocodile, lizard, python
问题 12: 第 3 组：犰狳，鳄鱼，蜥蜴，蟒蛇
1 mark
Part 5 of 11
Problem 13. Group 4: Dart frogs, deadly nightshade, holly berries, rattlesnake
问题 13: 第 4 组：箭毒蛙、颠茄、冬青浆果、响尾蛇
1 mark
Part 6 of 11
Problem 14. Group 5: Hedgehog, arctic fox, owl, firefly
问题 14: 第 5 组：刺猬、北极狐、猫头鹰、萤火虫
1 mark
Part 7 of 11
Problem 15. Group 6: Millipede, tarantula, caterpillar, octopus
问题 15: 第 6 组：千足虫、狼蛛、毛虫、章鱼
1 mark
Part 8 of 11
Problem 16. Group 7: Dormouse, hedgehog, rattlesnake, ladybird
问题 16: 第 7 组：睡鼠、刺猬、响尾蛇、七星瓢虫
1 mark
Part 9 of 11
Problem 17. Group 8: Giraffe, lion, weasel, dolphin
问题 17: 第 8 组：长颈鹿、狮子、黄鼠狼、海豚
1 mark
Part 10 of 11
Problem 18. Group 9: Seaweed, jellyfish, starfish, plankton
问题 18: 第 9 组：海藻、水母、海星、浮游生物
1 mark
Part 11 of 11
Problem 19. Group 10: Dodo, great auk, quagga, mammoth
问题 19: 第 10 组: 渡渡鸟，大海雀，白氏斑马，猛犸（象）
1 mark
Question 3
Part 1 of 6
Problem 20. Blood flows from the lungs to the heart in the pulmonary vein. It then flows through each of
the following structures. Put them in the correct order.
问题 20: 血液通过肺静脉从肺部流向心脏，然后流经以下各个结构。按照顺序进行排序。
1 mark
Put into the correct order 排序
a) Aorta 主动脉
b) Semilunar valve 半月瓣
c) Left ventricle 左心室
d) Atrioventricular valve 房室瓣
e) Left atrium 左心房
Part 2 of 6
Problem 21. A red blood cell is travelling through a capillary in the stomach. What is the minimum
number of times it must pass through the heart before it can reach a kidney?
问题 21: 一个红细胞在胃的毛细血管中流动。它最少要穿过多少次心脏才能到达肾脏？
1 mark
Part 3 of 6
Problem 22. When the muscles in the left ventricle contract the pressure in the ventricle increases. Which
of the following statements are true?
问题 22: 左心室的肌肉收缩时，心室中的压强会增加。以下哪些说法是正确的？
4 marks
a) The bicuspid valve opens 二尖瓣打开
b) Blood pressure in the aorta increases 主动脉的血压升高
c) The aortic valve opens 主动脉瓣打开
d) Blood flows out through the pulmonary vein 血液从肺静脉流出
Part 4 of 6
Problem 23. The table shows the volume of blood in the left ventricle at different times during the cardiac
cycle. How much blood leaves the ventricle when it contracts?
问题 23: 该表显示了心动周期中不同时间点左心室的血量。请问心室收缩时有多少血液离开心室？
时间/s 血量/cm3
1 mark
Choose ONE 单选
a) 55cm³
b) 70cm³
c) 78cm³
d) 93cm³
e) 125cm³
Part 5 of 6
Problem 24. Using the information in the table above, how many times does the heart beat each minute?
问题 24: 利用上表中的信息，请问每分钟心跳多少次？
1 mark
Choose ONE 单选
a) 0.7
b) 70
c) 86
d) 100
Part 6 of 6
Problem 25. 80cm³ of blood leaves a student's heart 70 times per minute. 20% of this blood passes through
their kidneys. If all the blood in their body passes through their kidneys 400 times a day, how many litres
of blood do they have in their body?
问题 25: 80cm³的血液每分钟流出学生的心脏 70 次。20%的血液经过肾脏。如果他们体内所有的血

液每天经过肾脏 400 次，那么他们体内有多少升血液?
1 mark
Choose ONE 单选
a) 3 litres 3 升
b) 4 litres 4 升
c) 5 litres 5 升
d) 8 litres 8 升
Question 4
Part 1 of 5
Problem 26. Arrange the following parts of the digestive system into the order food passes through the
body.
问题 26: 将消化系统的下列部位按照食物经过体内的顺序进行排列。
3 marks
Put into the correct order 排序
a) Oesophagus 食道
b) Colon 结肠
c) Duodenum 十二指肠
d) Stomach 胃
e) Mouth 口腔
f) Rectum 直肠
Part 2 of 5
Problem 27. These two structures are together known as the small intestine.
问题 27: 小肠包含两个结构。请在下列选项中选出。
2 marks
a) Amylase 淀粉酶
b) Blood 血液
c) Colon 结肠
d) Duodenum 十二指肠
e) Gall bladder 胆囊
f) Ileum 回肠
g) Liver 肝脏
h) Oesophagus 食道
i) Pancreas 胰腺
j) Rectum 直肠
k) Saliva 唾液
Part 3 of 5
Problem 28. The large intestine includes these two structures.
问题 28: 大肠包括两个结构。请在下列选项中选出。
2 marks
a) Amylase 淀粉酶
b) Blood 血液
c) Colon 结肠
d) Duodenum 十二指肠
e) Gall bladder 胆囊
f) Ileum 回肠
g) Liver 肝脏
h) Oesophagus 食道
i) Pancreas 胰腺
j) Rectum 直肠
k) Saliva 唾液
Part 4 of 5
Problem 29. Bile is produced by which organ?
问题 29: 胆汁是由哪个器官产生的？
1 mark
Choose ONE 单选
a) Colon 结肠
b) Duodenum 十二指肠
c) Gall bladder 胆囊
d) Ileum 回肠
e) Liver 肝脏
f) Oesophagus 食道
g) Pancreas 胰腺
h) Rectum 直肠
Part 5 of 5
Problem 30. Bile is stored in this organ before being released into the large intestine.
问题 30: 胆汁在被释放到大肠之前被储存在以下哪个器官中？
1 mark
Choose ONE 单选
a) Colon 结肠
b) Duodenum 十二指肠
c) Gall bladder 胆囊
d) Ileum 回肠
e) Liver 肝脏
f) Oesophagus 食道
g) Pancreas 胰腺
h) Rectum 直肠
Question 5
Part 1 of 9
Which of the labels are pointing to each of the following structures? Write the correct letter in each case.
请把以下标有字母的结构，匹配到对应的名称中。
Part 2 of 9
Problem 31. Cytoplasm
问题 31: 细胞质
1 mark
Part 3 of 9
Problem 32. Nucleus
问题 32: 细胞核
1 mark
Part 4 of 9
Problem 33. Cell wall
问题 33: 细胞壁
1 mark
Part 5 of 9
Problem 34. Cell membrane
问题 34: 细胞膜
1 mark
Part 6 of 9
Identify which photograph is being described in each case.
识别下列所描述的细胞在上面哪张照片里？
Part 7 of 9
Problem 35. Cells which have been immersed in a strong salt solution.
问题 35: 浸泡在浓盐溶液中的细胞。
1 mark
Choose ONE 单选
a) Photo 1
b) Photo 2
Part 8 of 9
Problem 36. These cells are the most turgid and would provide support for the plant.
问题 36: 这些细胞是最肿大的，可以为植物提供支持。
1 mark
Choose ONE 单选
a) Photo 1
b) Photo 2
Part 9 of 9
Problem 37. What is present in the area labelled E?
问题 37: 在标有 E 的区域有什么?
1 mark
Choose ONE 单选
a) Cytoplasm 细胞质
b) Water 水
c) Salt solution 盐溶液
d) Air 空气

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BIOLOGY CHALLENGE 2022

Duration: 50 minutes Total marks: 94

Do not open this booklet until you are told to do .

Write all your answers on the Answer Sheet provided.

While students are expected to attempt all questions for a complete

The Chinese translation is for reference only. In case of contradictions, please

Biology Challenge 2022 Paper 1

b) Tail first 先吃尾部

c) Head first 先吃头部

d) Vine weevil 蔓藤象鼻虫

b) A lizard without legs 没有腿的蜥蜴

c) A large earth worm 一种大蚯蚓

d) An eel that lives on land 一种生活在陆地的鳗鱼

问题 13: 有一种能发出 “twit-twoo ”叫声的鸮，请问它的名字是什么？

c) Tawny owl 灰林鸮

d) Long-eared owl 长耳鸮

问题 24: DNA 中包含合成蛋白质指令的一个片段。

Biology Challenge 2022 Paper 2

b) they tend to live in warm places 它们往往生活在温暖的地方

c) they don't need to eat very much food 它们不需要吃很多食物

d) they are less active at night 它们在夜间活动较少

b) Herring and shark 鲱鱼和鲨鱼

c) Shark and dolphin 鲨鱼和海豚

d) Dolphin and whale 海豚和鲸鱼

b) Sand-coloured camouflage 沙色保护色

c) Extremely dry faeces and concentrated urine 粪便异常干燥，尿液浓度高

d) A large storage hump 巨大的驼峰

e) See-through eyelids 透明的眼睑

c) very dark leaves 非常黑的叶子

d) deep and wide roots 根深叶茂

b) A type of worm 一种蠕虫

c) An organism that reproduces asexually 一种无性繁殖的生物体

d) An organism that has male and female sex organs 一种有雄性和雌性性器官的生物体

c) Chilli seeds are very tough to resist chewing

d) Birds do not have proteins sensitive to capsaicin

e) Mammals eat chillies to stay warm.

b) Semilunar valve 半月瓣

c) Left ventricle 左心室

d) Atrioventricular valve 房室瓣

e) Left atrium 左心房

a) The bicuspid valve opens 二尖瓣打开

b) Blood pressure in the aorta increases 主动脉的血压升高

c) The aortic valve opens 主动脉瓣打开

d) Blood flows out through the pulmonary vein 血液从肺静脉流出

问题 25: 80cm³的血液每分钟流出学生的心脏 70 次。20%的血液经过肾脏。如果他们体内所有的血

问题 37: 在标有 E 的区域有什么?

c) Salt solution 盐溶液

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