Landscape

Architecture
Lecture and Task
Details Prepared by:
Ar. Areanne Buhain
10 PRINCIPLES OF LANDSCAPE DESIGN

01 Lines are fundamental to landscape architecture

as they help create patterns, define spaces, and
establish a coherent theme. They can separate elements
like planting beds, sidewalks, and fence lines, and can also
create depth, movement, and a calming effect.
A simple arrangement of lines, called a motif, can distill a
concept into a clear, comprehensible idea. By combining
lines with scale and proportion, you can introduce repetition
and cohesion in the landscape.
However, it's essential to use lines thoughtfully. Too many
lines can cause monotony and confusion, so balance them
with a mixture of other design elements. Properly
proportioned lines lead to harmonious and visually Image by Design Daily via flickr
engaging designs.
 10 PRINCIPLES OF LANDSCAPE DESIGN

02 Form in landscape architecture refers to the

shape of spaces and hardscape features, such as square,
rectangular, elliptical, or natural forms. It's essential to stick
to a limited variety to avoid a disjointed design.

Form provides balance and style, guiding the aesthetic of a

space. It's closely related to lines, which define shapes.
Grouping plants by habit adds variety and visual interest.

Form influences the viewer's movement across a

landscape and helps maintain visual balance. Historical
gardens showcase the importance of form, while
contemporary designs often use contrasting forms for
visual appeal.
Image by Design Daily via flickr
10 PRINCIPLES OF LANDSCAPE DESIGN
Image by Design Daily via flickr

03 Texture in landscape design influences space

perception and scale. Fine textures make a space
appear larger, while coarse textures create a smaller
feel. It's most effective with plants, creating depth and a
tapering landscape.
Consider plant texture from annuals, perennials, ground
covers, and ornamental grasses. Hardscapes also
benefit from varied textures like water features and
stone.
Using contrasting textures side by side adds visual
interest and enhances scale perception, similar to an
artist's use of contrast in paintings. Mixing different
textures creates engaging and dynamic landscapes.
 10 PRINCIPLES OF LANDSCAPE DESIGN

04 Color adds rhythm, accents, and unity, while

directing attention to focal points. Use a balanced range
of colors to avoid monotony or a lack of interest. Bright
colors advance toward the viewer, while cool colors
recede. Neutral colors work well for background and
foreground areas.
Complementary colors can enhance the landscape, but
avoid pairing colors that clash. Use purple and yellow
plants carefully to prevent jarring combinations.

Incorporate three principles for a cohesive design:

Repetition: Use consistent colors, forms, and textures
throughout.
Transition: Gradual changes in color or arrangement
create depth and flow.
Rhythm: Create a visual path that guides the viewer's
eye through the landscape.
Image by Design Daily via flickr
Following these principles ensures a visually engaging
and harmonious landscape.
 10 PRINCIPLES OF LANDSCAPE DESIGN

05 Scale refers to the proportion of outdoor space in relation to the

surrounding structure. Proper scale ensures harmony and balance in the
landscape.

Two types of scale:

Relative Scale: Creates a sense of relaxation or peace.

Absolute Scale: Induces action and energy.
Small-scale elements suit smaller spaces, while large-scale elements can
dominate or overwhelm a space. To achieve a pleasing design, use the
Golden Ratio (1.618) as a guide for balanced proportions.

Consider the impact of different elements:

A large water feature can overpower a small garden.

A small tree may complement a tall building.
A small swimming pool can add character to a medium-sized backyard. Image by Design Daily via flickr
Carefully balancing scale can enhance the overall appeal and usability of
the outdoor space.
 10 PRINCIPLES OF LANDSCAPE DESIGN
Symmetrical Balance (common
in Western landscape design)
Asymmetrical Balance
(common in Japanese
landscape design)
06 Proportion in landscape design concerns the size
relationships of different elements, both vertically and horizontally, as
well as between objects and the surrounding area. Elements should be
proportionate to each other and the size of the home to maintain
balance and harmony in the design.
Types of balance:
Symmetrical Balance: Achieved when two sides of a landscape are
mirror images of each other, providing a sense of formality and order.
Asymmetrical Balance: Uses different colors, textures, and themes
on each side of the landscape, adding variety and interest.
Simplicity is key in landscape design. Avoid overloading the design
with too many colors, shapes, and textures, which can detract from the
overall aesthetic. Instead, aim for a clean, unified look that guides the
eye and creates a relaxing atmosphere.
Using transition in design, such as gradual changes in elements,
contributes to a serene, cohesive space. Simplicity doesn't mean
boring; it creates a space that's elegant and functional.
10 PRINCIPLES OF LANDSCAPE DESIGN

07 Order is essential in architecture,

balancing creativity with structure and reflecting
cultural context. Modernism principles such as
"form follows function" and "truth to materials"
promote functionality and simplicity.

"Form follows function" emphasizes designing

based on purpose, while "truth to materials"
encourages using high-quality materials
naturally. Popularized by the Bauhaus
movement, these principles define modernism in
architecture and landscape architecture, offering
elegance and timelessness. Image by Design Daily via flickr
10 PRINCIPLES OF LANDSCAPE DESIGN

08 Repetition in landscape design creates unity and

flow by using similar elements throughout the space. This
includes repeating plant shapes, consistent edging, and
using the same pots or color schemes.
When done well, repetition creates sequences, patterns,
and rhythm in the landscape, enhancing the overall
harmony. For example, you could repeat different tones of
green from the same plant to create a contrasting pattern.
Repetition brings a sense of order and cohesion,
connecting the landscape and buildings seamlessly. By
creating a continuous design, repetition ties the entire
space together and adds visual interest.

Image by Design Daily via flickr

10 PRINCIPLES OF LANDSCAPE DESIGN

09 To create unity in your landscape design,

begin by choosing a theme based on your favorite
plants, seasons, or personal interests. It’s more on
ORDER + REPETITION.

Achieve unity through repetition by using patterns

such as short-high-short, small-big-small, and
square-round-square.

Combining the principles of unity and variety creates

an overall sense of wholeness in your design. Use
harmony and unity to craft an appealing and
cohesive landscape that is both visually pleasing and
balanced. Following these guidelines will help you
achieve a stunning landscape design.

Image by Design Daily via flickr

10 PRINCIPLES OF LANDSCAPE DESIGN
Mark Tessier’S Landscape Architecture Project
10 Rhythm is a key concept in landscape design that
guides the viewer's eye through space and evokes emotional
responses. It uses repetition and patterns to create
sequences and movement, but excessive repetition can be
monotonous. Balancing contrast and repetition is crucial.
You can achieve rhythm by using alternating patterns and
looking for opposites in size, color, or hardscape elements.
These opposites should be used at regular intervals to
create a recognizable pattern and draw attention through the
landscape.
Rhythm creates harmony between the landscape and its
viewer, emphasizing particular areas and establishing a
mood. Consider rhythm carefully in your design, as it plays a
major role in the overall tempo and success of the
landscape.
A well-designed landscape goes beyond aesthetics, focusing on functionality and creating a
space that enhances the user's lifestyle and the property's surroundings.
Let's break down the key elements of a successful landscape design:
Understanding the End-users:
Consider the interests and daily activities of the people using the landscape. Will they be
entertaining guests, gardening, or playing with children? The design should accommodate these
needs. Plan how people will move through the space and how the landscape will look from inside
the home.
Start with brainstorming ideas and observing the existing environment to understand the unique
aspects of the site. Consider the client's needs and vision, then create a big-picture plan before
focusing on details.

Integration with Architecture:

Choose plants and hardscaping that enhance the architecture of the house. For example, framing
views, accenting the front door, and using plant colors that match or complement the house.
Integrate hardscaping elements like patios, walls, and walkways with plants and natural areas to
create unity and contrast. Make intentional choices based on function and aesthetics, considering
how the landscape will be used and perceived. Assign specific roles to plants—some may quietly
support the design while others serve as focal points.
Weather Considerations:
When planning a landscape, it is important to consider the weather conditions, especially
during summer when plants may struggle due to the heat and lack of water. Opt for plants that
can withstand periods of little to no water. By considering the local climate and incorporating
drought-tolerant plants and water-efficient techniques, you can create a beautiful landscape
that remains healthy and vibrant throughout the year.

Purposeful Design: Long-Term Durability:

Invest in quality hardscaping and planting to ensure longevity. Choose plants suited to the
climate and soil to ensure healthy growth. Plan for ongoing care to preserve the landscape's
beauty and functionality. Arrange plants with similar water requirements together to optimize
watering and improve plant health.

In summary, a well-designed landscape combines the client's needs

with the designer's expertise to create a space that is both functional
and visually appealing. Thoughtful planning and attention to detail
ensure the landscape remains vibrant and enduring over time.
SAMPLE LANDSCAPE DESIGN
Asheville Landscape Design Services- Commercial and
Residential Plans (barerootdesigns.com)

Landscape Plans, Renderings & Drawings - Landscaping

Network
www.botanicaatlanta.com
TASK 2
 REQUIRED OUTPUT:

-LANDSCAPE CONCEPT PLAN

-SITE DEVELOPMENT PLAN WITH

LANDSCAPE PLANS

-PLANT PALLETE AND PLANT

DETAILS

-PERSPECTIVE

MEDIUM: Manual using watercolor renderings to present the concept plan, plant
palette, and perspectives artistically.
 PROJECT: Waterfront Beach Resort
Carabao Island, San Jose, Romblon

DISTANCE
120
21.26
21.26
48.12
120
48.12
14.17
14.17
14.18
VIEW OF THE LOT AND IT’S NEARBY AREA

**RESORT ON BOTH SIDE