e-ISSN: 2582-5208

International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science

( Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal )
Volume:05/Issue:05/May-2023 Impact Factor- 7.868 www.irjmets.com
SOLAR SEA WATER DESALINATOR AND PURIFIER MACHINE
Sudesh Joshi*1, Bhavana Parab*2, Vedang Tipugade*3, Shubham Bhable*4
*1,2,3,4Student, Mechanical Engineering, Rajendra Mane college of Engineering and Technology Sangmeshwar,
Maharashtra, India.
DOI : https://www.doi.org/10.56726/IRJMETS39172
ABSTRACT
This project proposes a solar operated sea water desalination and purifier machine that utilizes renewable
energy to purifier seawater for consumption. The machine uses a solar panel to power a reverse osmosis
membrane that removes salt and other contaminants from sea water, making it potable. The purified water is
then stored in a tank for later use. The machine is designed to be low cost, portable, and easy to operate, making
it ideal for use in areas where access to clean water is limited. The solar powered operation ensures sustainability
and reduce the carbon footprint, making it an environmentally friendly solution for water purification.
Keywords: Desalination, Purification, Solar operation.
I. INTRODUCTION
As we know that on the earth there are 71% of water and 29% are land. In that 71%, there are only 3% are fresh
water. We see that ocean has highest amount of water which can’t be useful in daily life also it not drinkable
because it contains large amount of salt. In India there is a lack of water. In some places there would be shortage
of water. Our aim is to desaline and purify sea water and make drinkable. It helps to solve daily water problems.
II. LITERATURE REVIEW
1. Gowtham M., et al. (2012): In this research work, the performance of solar concentrated distiller with latent
heat storage capacity is compared with solar concentrated distiller with trays on the basin. Paraffin wax is
used as the latent heat storage material. Experiments are conducted for improving productivity and this is
done by various factors like heat storage capacity, exposure area and maintaining low depth.[1]
2. Ozuomba J.O. et al. (2012): In this paper find a roof-type solar water distillation (RSWD) kit was fabricated
and tested under actual environmental conditions of Ursula, an ancient town in the Eastern part of Nigeria.
The system includes four major components; a rectangular wooden basin, an absorber surface, a glass roof
and a condensate channel. The RSWD was able to generate 2.3m3 of distilled water within six days. Though
the condensate was not large enough compared to human need as is peculiar to many solar stills, the
efficiency can be enhanced.[2]
3. Caroline S.E. Sardella (2012): We analyze in this paper the production rate of distillate water is estimated
to be between 100 and 590 l/d per barked depending on the efficiency of the system. The water extracted
from the drinking water tank is expected to be within the bacteriological and mineralogical advised
quantities where no adverse health effects are observed. The distillate is expected to be partially re-
mineralized during the mixing process with the harvested rain water. However, accurate monitoring and
analysis of the water quality is advised during the pilot project.[3]
4. Prof. Alpesh Mehta et al. (2011): In this paper we observed that the increase in temperature and hence
the evaporation is maximum in the period of 11:15 am to 1:30 pm. The maximum temperature achieved is
53 0C which is at 1:30 pm. then the temperature decreases. This experiment was to get pure water from the
brackish water available. The brackish water we have supplied was 14litres and at the end of the experiment
we got 1.5litres. The experiment was carried out in winter season. The TDS level of purified water obtained
is 81 PPM. So the water obtained is potable. Theoretically, the experiment should fetch out 2.33litres. So the
efficiency of the system is 6% [4]
5. Aayush Kaushal et al. (2010): According to this there are many methods for desalination of brackish water
in to potable water. Therefore, different types of solar stills are discussed to produce pure water. A proper
combination of cooling film parameters enhanced the still efficiency by 20%. In multi-effect diffusion model
the productivity decreases about 15% with an increase in diffusion gaps between partitions from 5 mm to
10 mm. So for specific requirement there is a requirement to select solar still very Continously based upon
the local condition and operating conditions. [5]
www.irjmets.com @International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering, Technology and Science
[4977]
 e-ISSN: 2582-5208
International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
( Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal )
Volume:05/Issue:05/May-2023 Impact Factor- 7.868 www.irjmets.com
6. Phalak, M. Kurkure, P. Bhangale, N. Deshmukh, V. Patil (2017): He studied the manufacturing a low-cost
ceramic water filter and filter system for the elimination of common pathogenic bacteria and suspended
solids. A micro porous ceramic water filter in which clay was mixed with rice husk in a ration 2:1 by weight
and a cylindrical shaped filter was manufactured by tradition oven drying and then burning in kiln at
specified sintering temperature after being coated with silver nitrate solution for preventing the bacterial
growth.[6]
7. M. Z. H. Khan, M. R. Al-Mamun, S. C. Majumder, and M. Kamruzzaman (2015): They studied the removal
of iron from water using the ash produced from banana residue. Ashes from different materials i.e., dry
banana leaf, pseudo stem, rind, bamboo, rice husk were produced by controlled combustion. The mechanism
of removal includes oxidation of iron at high pH or alkaline medium produced by potassium present in
banana due to subsequent formation of potassium hydroxide. The study included analysis of chemical
composition of banana ash and its efficiency in removal of iron from prefabricated water.[7]
III. OBJECTIVE
The main aim is to design and development of solar sea water desalination and purifier machine a portable works
under optimal conditions.
Objectives:
• To design a portable solar powered sea water desalination as well as water purifier to solve the water
problem with a smart innovative concept.
• To convert salty seawater to pure drinkable water by using a 3 stage process.
IV. MODELING

Figure 1: Block diagram of complete setup.

Figure 2: 3D view of solar sea water desalinator and purifier.

www.irjmets.com @International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering, Technology and Science

[4978]
 e-ISSN: 2582-5208
International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
( Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal )
Volume:05/Issue:05/May-2023 Impact Factor- 7.868 www.irjmets.com
V. FUTURE SCOPE
• machine can produce fresh water in high efficiency
• You can use this machine for domestic purpose also.
• It can also be useful on ship, Cargo etc.
• It can useful in this long sea voyages for easy and instant sea water filtration.
VI. RESULTS
From testing we get result that this machine can run for 4-5 hours. In this time period capacity of water inlet is
20 litre and from filtration it gives 10 litre of filtered and drinkable water and 10 litre of waste water. This
machine works with 50-60% efficiency. As sea water has highest salt level so in filtration process machine try to
remove salt in water as much as possible. Also using pH indicator, it indicates pH of filtered water is 7 that means
our filtered water is safe and drinkable.
VII. CONCLUSION
Desalination processes are normally used to produce drinking water in areas where only seawater or brackish
water is the source of water. As solar energy is being used for the purification of water, which is cheap and
abundant, it can be used everywhere where electricity is not available. This project has only capital cost and
almost no running cost. Hence, It will prove to be useful in the near future. The desalination of brackish water
and seawater proves to be a reliable source of fresh water and it proves to be a solution for the world's water
shortage problem
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We would like to express our sincere gratitude to our guide and project coordinator, Dr. Kshirsagar. P.R., for the
help, guidance, and encouragement he provided during the project. This work would not have been possible
without his valuable time, patience, and motivation. We thank him for making our stint thoroughly pleasant and
enriching. It was great learning and an honour being his students. We are deeply indebted to DR. Waghmare S.
N. (Head of Department) and the entire team in the Mechanical Department.
They supported us with scientific guidance, advice, and encouragement, they were always helpful and
enthusiastic, and this inspired us in our work. We take the privilege to express our sincere thanks to Dr.Bhagwat
M.M., our principal for providing the encouragement and much support throughout our work.
VIII. REFERENCES
[1] Gowtham, October 2012, Latent Heat Storage and Finned Type Solar Distiller, IACSIT International Journal
of Engineering and Technology.
[2] Ozuomba J.0.1, Edebeatu C.C.1, March 2012, The Performance of a Solar Water Distillation Kit fabricated
Local materials Research, Journal of Chemical Sciences ISSN 2231-606X Vol. 2(3), 64-67
[3] Carolina S.E., January 2012, implementation of the solar still principle on runoff water reservoirs in Buta-
buta solar still Distillation system.
[4] Prof. Alpesh Mehta1., April 2011.s “4. Design of Solar Distillation, System International Journal of
Advanced Science and Technology Vol. 29
[5] Prof. Ayush Kaushal (2010), Amyloid–carbon hybrid membranes for universal water purification, Nature
nanotechnology, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 365, 2016.
[6] Phalak, M. Kurkure, P. Bhangale, N. Deshmukh, V. Patil, 2017. Solar powered reverse osmosis water
purifier, International Journal for Research in Engineering Application & Management (IJREAM), vol. 03,
no. 01.
[7] M. Z. H. Khan, M. R. Al-Mamun, S. C. Majumder, and M. Kamruzzaman, 2015, Water Purification and
Disinfection by using Solar Energy: Towards Green Energy Challenge, Aceh Int. J. Sci. Technol., vol. 4, no. 3,
pp. 99–106,

www.irjmets.com @International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering, Technology and Science

[4979]