Objectives

• Define Soldering
• Identify and describe the equipment
/tools
• Understand the type of soldering
techniques
Soldering
Assembling Electronic Products (AEP) - Soldering
Lesson Proper: Soldering
The process of making an
electrical connection by melting
low-temperature metal alloys
around component leads.

Soldering is a joining process used to join different types of metals

together by melting solder.

Solder is a metal alloy usually made of tin and lead which is melted
using a hot iron.
What Soldering
Equipment Do
You Need?
Essentials in soldering
• Soldering Iron
• Solder
• Solder Paste
• Solder Flux/ Soldering Paste
• Soldering Iron Stand
• Helping Hand (Third Hand)
1. SOLDERING IRON
SOLDERING IRON
• A soldering iron is a handheld tool that provides the
heat source needed to melt the solder.
• These tools are typically pencil-like in shape and
consist of several different parts that work together to
form a comfortable, practical, and easy-to-use tool.
• While most irons are fairly small, they are also
available as larger solder guns.
SOLDERING IRON

Basic Parts of a Soldering Iron

Choosing a Soldering Iron

• There are many types of soldering irons.

• For most projects, you will want a pencil-style
soldering iron with 25 watts or more.
• An under-powered iron is a poor investment. It
will end up costing you more in ruined kits and
damaged components.
Choosing a Soldering Iron

• Basic Irons
• Better Irons
• Best Irons
 Choosing a Soldering Iron
• Basic Irons- If you need that is capable of heating the
joints quickly enough, choose an iron with 25 W at a
minimum.
• Better Irons- An adjustable temperature iron with a little
more power will give you a bit more control and allow you
to work faster. 30 W
• Best Irons-A professional-style temperature-controlled
iron with interchangeable tips and 50 watts or more of
power is a joy to work with.
Choosing a Soldering Iron
Soldering Iron Tips

• At the end of most soldering irons is an

interchangeable part known as a soldering tip.
• There are many variations of this tip and they
come in a wide variety of shapes and sizes.
• Each tip is used for a specific purpose and offers a
distinct advantage over another.
Soldering Iron Tips

• Conical Tip – Used in precision electronics soldering because of the fine tip.
Because of its pointed end, it is able to deliver heat to smaller areas without
affecting its surroundings.

• Chisel Tip – This tip is well-suited to soldering wires or other larger

components because of its broad flat tip.
2. Solder
• Solder is a metal alloy material that is melted to create a
permanent bond between electrical parts.
• It comes in both lead and lead-free variations with
diameters of .032″ and .062″ being the most common.
• Inside the solder core is a material known as flux which
helps improve electrical contact and its mechanical
strength.
Solder

• For electronics soldering,

the most commonly
used type is lead-free
rosin core solder.
• This type of solder is
usually made up of a
Tin/Copper alloy.
Solder
• As mentioned earlier, solder does come in a few different
diameters.
• The thicker diameter solder (.062″) is good for soldering
larger joints more quickly but it can make soldering
smaller joints difficult.
• For this reason, it is always a good idea to have both
sizes on hand for your different projects.
Solder
Solder
3. Solder Paste
• Solder paste is a combination of a powder made up of
metal solder particles and sticky flux that has the
consistency of putty.
Solder Paste
• The flux not only does its usual job of cleaning the
soldering surfaces of impurities and oxidation, but it also
provides a temporary adhesive that holds the surface
mount components in place.
• You will use this paste to join the various leads of chip
packages to connection ends on a PCB.
Solder Paste
Solder Paste
Solder Paste
4. Solder Flux
• Solder flux is a purifying agent. When it comes to
soldering, flux serves three different purposes
simultaneously, making it an essential tool to have on
hand for any project.
Solder Flux
• First, it purifies the components
you are soldering by cleaning
them of any rust.
• It also closes out any extra air that
might come into contact with the
material, thus preventing future
rust.
• Finally, it improves the dripping
individuality of the solder itself.
Flux

The main purpose of the flux is to prepare the metal

surfaces for soldering by cleaning and removing any
oxides and impurities.
Oxides are formed when metal is exposed to air and
may prevent the formation of good solder joints.
Types of Flux
• ROSIN FLUX
• ACID FLUX
• ORGANIC ACID FLUX
• INORGANIC ACID FLUX
Types of Flux
• ROSIN FLUX
Some of the oldest types of flux are based on pine sap—
refined and purified—called rosin. Rosin flux is acid when
liquid. When it cools, it becomes solid and inert. Because
rosin flux is inert when solid, it can be left on a printed
circuit board without harming the circuit unless the circuit
warms to the point where the rosin may become liquid and
eat away at the connection.
Types of Flux
• ACID FLUX
• ORGANIC ACID FLUX-One of the more common fluxes is
water-soluble organic acid flux. Common weak acids are
used in organic acid flux, including citric, lactic, and stearic
acids. The weak organic acids are combined with solvents like
isopropyl alcohol and water.
Types of Flux
• ACID FLUX
• INORGANIC ACID FLUX- Inorganic acid flux works better
with stronger metals such as copper, brass, and stainless
steel. It's a blend of stronger acids like hydrochloric acid, zinc
chloride, and ammonium chloride. Inorganic acid flux
requires complete cleaning after use to remove the corrosive
residues from the surfaces, which weaken or destroy the
solder joint if left in place.
5. Soldering Iron Stand
6. Helping Hand (Third hand)
Different Soldering Techniques
Soft Soldering- A process used for attaching small
components onto the larger PCB.

Hard Soldering- A process that uses a solid solder to join

two different metal elements together by spreading
throughout the holes of the components that become
unlocked as they’re exposed to high temperatures.
Silver Soldering- This method is used to fabricate small
components and also carry out certain types of maintenance
on a circuit board.

Brazing Soldering- A soldering technique used to connect

two terminals made of base metals by using liquid filler
metal.
THANK YOU!