INDEX

SR. NO. CHAPTERS PAGE NO.

1. Goods And Services Tax 1-4
2. Banking 5-6
3. Linear Inequations 7 - 11
4. Quadratic Equations 12 - 15
5. Ratio And Proportion 16 - 18
6. Factorisation Of Polynomial 19 - 20
7. Matrices 21 - 24
8. Arithmetic Progression 25 - 27
9. Reflection 28 - 29
10. Section Formula 30 - 32
11. Equation Of a Straight Line 33 - 39
12. Similarity 40 - 46
13. Circles 47 - 70
14. Constructions 71
15. Area and Volume of Solids 72 - 77
16. Trigonometry 78 - 80
17. Heights and Distances 81 - 84
18. Statistics 85 - 92
19 Probability 93 - 97

1
 STD : 10TH MATHS
LMR BOOK
GOODS AND SERVICES TAX
(1) When a chartered accountant (CA) provided his services to Mr. Rao in filing his income
returns, his bill for services was ₹8260 inclusive of 18% GST. What is the original
amount of the bill? How much is the GST paid to the State Government by the CA?
Ans: ₹630
(2) Sachin visits a department stores and buys the following articles:
Medicine costing ₹1250 , GST @ 5%;
a packet of sweets ₹ 450 , GST @ 5%,
soaps, hair oil ₹ 500, GST @ 18%,
a chess board ₹ 300 with a discount of 10%, GST @ 12%
calculate:
(1) the total amount of GST paid
(2) the total bill amount including GST paid by Sachin.
Ans: (i) ₹207.40
(ii) ₹2677.40
(3) When Mr.Mukharjee stayed in a hotel 2 days he had to payed ₹7080 including 18%GST.
What is the tariff of the hotel for the unit of accommodation?
Ans: ₹3000
(4) A shopkeeper buys certain quantity of cashew nuts for ₹7200 and sells it to a consumer
at a profit of 25%. If the rate of GST is 5%, find the GST paid by the shopkeeper to
the Central and State Governments.
Ans: CGST = ₹45
SGST = ₹ 45
(5) A manufacturer sells a sewing machine for ₹5500. the wholesaler sells it to the retailer
for ₹7500. the shopkeeper makes a profit of ₹1000 by selling it to the consumer. if the
GST charged at each stage is 12% ,
find: (a) the amt. of GST paid by the manufacturer to the central government.
(b) the amt. of GST received by the state govt.

2
 (c). the final price paid by the consumer
Ans: (i) ₹330
(ii) ₹510
(iii) ₹9520
(6) A shopkeeper buys a printer at a discount of 30% on the marked price of Rs. 8000. He
sells the printer to a customer at marked price. GST charged at each stage is 18%. If the
sales are intra-state ,Find:
(i) GST paid by the shopkeeper to the Central Government.
(ii) The price paid by the shopkeeper for the article inclusive of tax.
(iii) The cost to the customer inclusive of tax.
(iv) the amount of tax received by the State Government
Ans: (i) ₹216
(ii) ₹6608
(iii) ₹9440
(iv) ₹720
(7) A manufacturer marks a mobile for ₹ 6000. He sells it to a wholesaler at 25% discount.
The wholesaler sells it to a retailer at 20% discount on market price. If the retailer sells
it at market price and GST charged is 12% at every stage.
find :
(1) the GST paid to the Central government by the wholesaler.
(2) the GST paid to the State government by the retailer
(3) the amount which the consumer pays.
Ans: (i) ₹18
(ii) ₹72
(iii) ₹6720
(8) The printed price of an air conditioner is ₹40000. The wholesaler allows a discount of 10%
on it to the shopkeeper. The shopkeeper sells the AC to a customer at a discount of 5% on
the marked price. GST is charged at the rate of 28%. The sales are intra-state.
Find:
(1) the price inclusive of tax paid by the shopkeeper.
(ii) the tax paid by the wholesaler to the State Government.
(iii) the GST paid by the shopkeeper to the State Government.
(iv) the tax received by the Central Government.
(v) the total amount paid by the customer inclusive of tax.
Ans: (i)₹46080
(ii) ₹5040
3
 (iii) ₹280
(iv) ₹5320
(v) ₹48640
(9) A manufacturer sells an article to a wholesaler with marked price ₹2000 to a wholesaler at a
discount of 20% on the marked price. The wholesaler sells it to a retailer at a discount of
10% on the marked price. The retailer sells the article at the marked price.If the GST paid
by the wholesaler is 24, find :
(i) the rate of GST
(ii) the GST paid by the retailer
(iii) the price paid by the customer.
Ans: (i)12%
(ii) ₹24
(iii) ₹2240
(10) A shopkeeper sells some edible oil for ₹7,200 at its marked price. The shopkeeper pays
GST of ₹120 to the Government. If the GST charged throughout is 5%, calculate the price
paid by the shopkeeper for the oil inclusive of tax.
Ans: ₹5040
(11) The marked price of an article is ₹6000 and rate of GST is 12%. a shopkeeper buys it at a
discount and sells it at its marked price. if the sales are intra-state and the shopkeeper
paid ₹36 under GST to the State Government , find
(i) the amount (inclusive of GST ) paid by the shopkeeper and
(ii) the % of discount received by him.
Ans: (i) ₹6048
(ii) ₹10%
(12) A wholesaler buys a TV from a manufacturer for ₹25000.He marks the price of the TV 20%
above his cost price and sells it to a retailer at a 10% discount on the marked price. If the rate
of GST is 28% find:
(i) The marked price
(ii) The retailer’s cost price inclusive of tax.
(iii) The GST paid by the wholesaler to the State Government.
Ans: (i) ₹30000
(ii) ₹34560
(iii) ₹280

(13) The price of an article is Rs.5120 inclusive of GST, at the rate of 28% on its listed price.
A customer asks the dealer for a discount on the listed price so that after charging the GST,
4
 the selling price will be same as the listed price. What is the amount of discount that the
dealer must allow for the deal?
Ans: ₹875
(14) A manufacturer supplies some blankets worth Rs. 40000 to a dealer at a profit of 15%. The
dealer sells these to a shopkeeper at a profit of Rs. 12000. If the rate of GST is 12%,
calculate:
(i) the input GST of the dealer
(ii) the GST paid by the dealer to the government
(iii) the price paid by the shopkeeper inclusive of GST
Ans: (i) ₹5520
(ii) ₹1440
(iii) ₹64960
(15) The price of an article is Rs. 4410 inclusive of GST, at the rate of 5% on its listed price.
A customer asks the dealer for a discount on the listed price so that after charging the GST,
the selling price will be same as the listed price.
(i) what is the list price?
(ii) What is the amount of discount that the dealer must allow for the deal?
Ans: (i) ₹4200
(ii) ₹200
(16) Ayush purchased a computer for ₹ 28320 which included 20% discount on the list price and 18%
tax under GST on the remaining price. find the list price of the computer.
Ans: ₹30000
(17) Mr.Bedi visits the market and buys the following articles:
Medicines costing ₹950, GST @5%;
A pair of shoes costing ₹3000, GST @18%
A Laptop bag costing ₹1000 with the discount of 30%, GST @18%
Calculate:
(i) The total amount of GST paid.
(ii) The total bill amount including GST paid by Mr. Bedi.
Ans: (i) ₹713.50
(ii) ₹5363.50

5
 BANKING
(1) Sanjana opens a recurring deposit scheme and deposits ₹800 per month for a period of 2
years . if the rate of interest is 9% p.a. find the amount payable at the end of 2 years.
Ans: ₹21000
(2) Shivangi deposits ₹ 500 every month in a recurring deposit scheme and receives ₹16550 at
the end of 2 1 years. calculate the rate of interest given by the bank.
2

Ans: 8%
(3) Fateh deposits a certain sum of money every month in a recurring deposit account for 2 years.
If the bank pays interest at 10% p.a and Fateh receives Rs 66,250 as the maturity value of the
account, what sum of money did he pay every month.
Ans: ₹2500
(4) Puneet has a recurring deposit account in a bank and deposits ₹400 per month. If he receives
₹10100 at the time of maturity, find the time for which the account is held if the rate of
interest is 5% p.a.
Ans: 2 years
(5) Archana deposited ₹400 per month for 3 years in a bank’s recurring deposit account. If the
bank pays interest at the rate of 11% p.a., find the amount she gets on maturity.
Ans: ₹16842
(6) Joseph has an account in recurring deposit scheme for 2 years. He deposits ₹1500 per month.
If the rate of interest 8% p.a., calculate the amount he would received at the time of maturity.
Ans : ₹39000
(7) Rajesh deposited ₹1000 every month in a recurring deposit account for 3 years. calculate the
rate of interest if the matured value is ₹40,440.
Ans: 8%
(8) Vineeta deposits ₹800 per month in a cumulative deposit account for 3 years. if the amount
payable at the time of maturity is ₹31464; calculate the rate of interest.
Ans: 6%
(9) Zaheeda deposits a certain sum of money,every month in a recurring deposit account for 2
years. If she receives ₹37875 at the time of maturity and the rate of interest is 5% , find
the monthly deposit.
Ans: ₹1500
(10) Srinidhee deposits a certain sum of money every month in the recurring deposit scheme
for 5 years at 6% p.a. If the amount payable to her at the time of maturity of the account
is ₹55320, find the monthly instalment.
Ans: ₹800

6
(11) Shriya opened a cumulative deposit scheme with a bank for 3 years. If the rate of interest
is 8% p.a. and the bank pays ₹1776 as interest at the time of maturity. Find the monthly
deposit and the maturity value of the investment.
Ans: ₹400 , ₹16176
(12) Sonya deposits ₹300 per month at 8% p.a. in a bank and receives ₹4740 on maturity of
the account. Find out the total time for which the recurring deposit account is held.
Ans: 15 months

(13) Arnav deposits 500 every month at 12% p.a.in a bank in a recurring deposit scheme. The

bank pays ₹5275 on maturity. Find the time for which the account is held.
Ans:10 months
(14) Ritika deposits ₹200 every month in a recurring deposit scheme at 8%p.a. If she gets ₹1648
as the maturity amount ,find the period for which the account is held.
Ans:8 months
(15) Mr Motasha opens a recurring deposit account of ₹600 per month at 12% p.a. If he is paid
₹37668 as maturity amount, how many instalments does he need to pay?
Ans: 12

7
 Linear Inequations
(1) IF x ∈ R, Solve the following inequations and represent the solution set on the number line.
3x - 3 < 27 - 2x ≤ 3x + 7
Ans: { x : 4 ≤ x < 6, x ∈ R}

(2) Solve the following inequations and represent the solution set on the number line.
𝑥
where x ∈ I: -2 1 ≤ –11<5
6 3 6 6

Ans: {-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4,5}

(3) Given P= {x : 5 < 2x – 1 ≤ 11, x ∈ R} and Q = { x : -1 ≤ 4x + 3 < 23 , x ∈ I }.

Represent P and Q on number lines. write down the elements of P ∩ Q.
Ans: (i) P {x | 3 < x ≤ 6, x ∈ R}

(ii) Q ={-1,0,1,2,3,4}

(4) Solve the following inequations and represent the solution set on the number line.
1 ≤ 25 − 2𝑥 < 5𝑥 − 40, 𝑥 ∈ Z
Ans: {10, 11, 12}

(5) Solve the following inequations and represent the solution set on the number line.
−8 ≤ 𝑥 − 7 ≤ 2(2 − 𝑥), 𝑥 ∈ 𝑊
Ans: {0, 1, 2, 3}

(6) Solve the following inequations and represent the solution set on the number line.
11 ≤ 15 − 2𝑦 < 23 , 𝑦 ∈ Z
Ans:{-3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2}

8
(7) Solve the following inequations and represent the solution set on the number line.
12 ≥ 2 − 5𝑦 > 2(𝑦 − 2) − 𝑦, y ∈ I
Ans: {-2, -1, 0}

(8) Solve the following inequations and represent the solution set on the number line.
𝟏 𝟑𝐱+𝟏 𝟓
−2 < − ≤𝟑 ,𝑥∈R
𝟐 𝟒 𝟖
𝟏
Ans: {𝐱: −𝟒 ≤ 𝐱 < 𝟑, 𝐱 ∈ 𝐑}
𝟐

(9) Solve the following inequations and represent the solution set on the number line.
−5 < 2𝑥 + 1 ≤ 5 , 𝑥 ∈ R
Ans:{x : – 3 < x ≤ 2, x ∈ R}

(10) Solve the following inequations and represent the solution set on the number line.
−5 < 𝑥 − 2 ≤ 7 − 2𝑥, 𝑥 ∈ N
Ans: x ={1, 2, 3}

(11) Solve the following inequations and represent the solution set on the number line.
𝟐
−𝟏 ≤ 𝑥 + 𝟏 < 4 𝟏, 𝑥 ∈ 𝑊
𝟑 𝟑 𝟑

Ans : x = {0, 1, 2, 3}

(12) Solve the following inequations and represent the solution set on the number line.
𝟏
−2 ≤ 𝟐 − 𝐱 ≤𝟏 ,𝑥∈𝑁
𝟑 𝟐 𝟔

Ans:{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}

9
 (13) Solve the following inequations and represent the solution set on the number line.
−𝟏 𝟐𝐱 𝟏
≤ +1< ,𝑥∈𝑅
𝟓 𝟓 𝟓
Ans:{x : – 3 ≤ x < – 2, x ∈ R}

(14) Solve for x and write the solution set for the following inequations and represent it on
the number line.
x - 2 ≤ 3 (x - 2) + 5 < 8 - x, x ∈ R
𝟏 𝟏
Ans: {x: - ≤ x<2 , x ∈ R}
𝟐 𝟒

(15) Solve for x and write the solution set for the following inequations and represent it on
the number line.
4x - 3 ≤ 2x + 7 < 6x - 1 , x ∈ Z
Ans: {3, 4, 5}

(16) Solve for x and write the solution set for the following inequations and represent it on
the number line.
x - 3 ≤ 𝟖𝒙 + 2 ≤ 2x + 𝟏𝟒 , x ∈ I
𝟑 𝟑

Ans: {-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4}

(17) Solve for x and write the solution set for the following inequations and represent it on
the number line.
13x - 5 < 15x + 4 < 7x + 12 , x ∈ R
1
Ans: {𝑥: −4 < 𝑥 < 1, 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅}
2

10
(18) Find P ∩ Q and represent it on the number line.

P = {x : 8x - 1 > 5x + 2, x ∈ N} and Q = {x : 7x - 2 ≥ 3(x + 6) , x ∈ N}

Ans. Q = {5, 6, 7, ….}; P ∩ Q = Q

(19) Solve the following inequations and represent the solution set on the number line.
𝟑𝐱 𝟐
4x - 19 < -2≤x- ,x∈R
𝟓 𝟓
Ans. {x : – 4 ≤ x < 5, x ∈ R}

(20) Given A = { x : -1 < 2x - 5 < 11, x ∈ R}, B= { x : -11 ≤ 3x - 2 ≤ 10, x ∈ R}

(i) represent A and B on the number lines.
(ii) Also represent A ∩ B on the number line.
Ans:

(21)Find the values of x, which satisfy the inequations

𝟓 𝟏 𝟒𝐱 𝟓
-3 < - ≤ 2 , x ∈ I. graph the solution set on the number line.
𝟔 𝟔 𝟑 𝟔
Ans.{– 2, – 1, 0, 1, 2}

(22) A = {x : 11x – 5 > 7x + 3, x ∈ R} and

B = {x : 18x – 9 ≥ 15 + 12x, x ∈ R}.

Find the range of set A ⋂ B and represent it on a number line.

Ans. {x : x ≥ 4, x ∈ R}

11
 (23) Find the values of x, which satisfy the inequations
5 1 𝑥
2 ≤ 2, x ∈ W. Graph the solution set on the number line.
–2 < −
6 2 3

ANS:{0, 1, 2, 3, 4}

(24) Solve the following inequations and represent the solution set on the number line:
– 8 1 < – 1 – 4𝑥 ≤ 7 1 , x ∈ I.
2 2 2

Ans:{ -2,-1,0,1}

(25) Solve the following inequations and represent the solution set on the number line:
𝑋
3𝑋 + 2 < x + 4 ≤ + 5, x ∈ R
5 2

Ans:{x : -5 < x ≤ 2, x ∈ R}

12
 QUADRATIC EQUATIONS
(1) If one root of the quadratic equation mx2 - 9x – 10 = 0 is 2, find the value of m, and also find the
other root.
Ans: 2, 5
7

(2) Solve the following equations and give your answer correct to 2 decimal places.
5x2- 3x – 4 = 0
Ans: -0.64
(3) Solve the following equations and give your answer correct to 3 significant figures

x - 18 = 6
𝑥

Ans: 8.20 or -2.20

(4) Find the nature of roots of the following equations without solving:
(i) 5x2 - 8x – 12 = 0
(ii) 3x + 48
= 24
𝑥

(iii) 2x2 - 9x + 13 = 0
(iv) 7x2 - 7x – 42 = 0
Ans: (i) irrational and unequal
(ii) real and equal
(iii) imaginary
(iv) rational and unequal
(5) Without solving the following quadratic equation, find the value of ‘m’ for which the
given equation has real and equal roots.
x2 + 2(m - 1)x + (m + 5) = 0
Ans: 4 or -1
(6) Solve for x. give your answer correct to 2 decimal places.
(i) x2 - 9x – 12 = 0
(ii) x + 1 = 3
𝑥

(iii) 2x - 2 = 7
𝑥
2
(iv) x - 11x + 25 = 0
Ans: (i) 10.18,-1.18
(ii) 2.62,0.38
(iii) 3.77,-0.27
(iv) 7.79,3.21
(7) Solve and give your answer correct to 3 significant figures
(i) 2x - 1 = 7
𝑥

13
 (ii) 5x(x + 2) = 3
(iii) (x - 1)2 - 3x + 4 = 0
(iv) (x - 4)2 - 5x – 3 = 0
Ans: (i) 3.64,-0.138
(ii) 0.265,-2.27
(iii) 3.62,1.38
(iv) 11.9,1.09
(8) Without solving the following equations, find the value of p, for which the given equation
has equal roots.
(i) x2 + (p - 1)x + (p + 2) = 0
(ii)(p + 6)x2 + (p + 3)x + 1 = 0
(iii)x2 + (p + 3)x + (3p + 1) = 0
Ans: (i) 7 or -1
(ii) 3,-5
(iii) 1 or 5
(9) If x = 2 is one root of the equation (k - 3)x2 – kx – 8 = 0 ,find the value of k. also, find the other
root of the equation.
Ans: 10, - 4
7

(10) If x = 4 is one root of (k + 2)x - (5k + 2)x – 4 = 0, find the value of k. also, find the other
2

root of the equation.

Ans : 5, - 1
7

(11) The sum of two natural numbers is 14 and the sum of their reciprocals is 7
. find the
24

numbers.
Ans: 8 and 6
(12) The difference of squares of two natural numbers is 180.The square of the smaller number
is 8 times the larger number. Find the two numbers.
Ans: 18 and 12
(13) A two-digit positive numbers id such that the product of its digits is 8. if 18 is added to the
number , the digits interchange their places. find the number.
Ans: 24
(14) IN a two-digit number, the unit’s digit exceeds its ten’s digit by 1, and the product of the
given number and its ten’s digit is 280. find the number.
Ans: 56
(15) The sum of areas of two squares is 225 m2. if the difference of their perimeters is 12 m,
find the length of sided of the squares.

14
 Ans: 9 m and 12 m
(16) The length of a rectangle exceeds the breadth by 5 m. if the length was decreased by 4 m and
breadth was doubled, then the area would be increased by 40 m2. find the length.
Ans: 13 m
(17) A wire of length 60cm is bent to form a right-angled triangle and its hypotenuse is 26 cm.
find the other two sided of the triangle.
Ans: 10 cm and 24 cm
(18) The age of grandmother is square of her granddaughter’s age. four years ago, she was 15
times the child’s age. find their present ages.
Ans: 7 years , 49 years or
8 years , 64 years
(19) Five years ago, a women’s age was the square of her son’s age. four years hence, her age
will be thrice that of her son’s age find:
(i) The age of the son five years ago
(ii) The present age of the women.
Ans: (i) 6 years
(ii) 41 years
(20) A plane travels at a distance of 2400 km at a certain speed. But on return trip due to bad
weather, it reduces its speed by 50 km/h and covers the same distance in 12 minutes more
than that of onward journey .Find the original speed of the plane.
Ans: 800 km/h
(21) In winter, a train travels a distance of 264 km at a certain speed. in summer, it travels 8 km/h
faster than in winter and takes 22 minutes less than in winter. find its speed in winter.
Ans: 72 km/h
(22) A boat goes 12 km downstream and returns moving upstream to the same spot after 4 1
2

hours. the speed of the current is 2 km/h. find the speed of the boat in still water.
Ans: 6 km/h
(23) One pipe can fill a tank in 3 hours less than the other. the two pipes can fill the tank in 3
hours 36 minutes. find the time each pipe would take to fill the tank.
Ans; 9 hours and 6 hours
(24) Amrita bought some pens for Rs. 360. when the price of each was reduced by Rs.3, she
could buy 6 more pens for the same cost Rs.360. find the original cost of the pen.
Ans: Rs.15
(25) Some glass flower vases were bought for Rs. 6000. Ten were damaged during transporting.
The remaining were sold for a total profit of 1200 by selling each for Rs. 60 more than

15
 what was paid. Find the number of vases bought.
Ans:50
(26) In an auditorium , the number of rows was equal to the number of seats in each row . If the
number of rows is doubled and the number of seats in each row is reduced by 12 , then the
total number of seats is increased by 1300 . How many rows were there ? how many seats
were there?
Ans: no. of rows=50
no. of seats=2500
(27) Find the value of k for which the following equation has equal roots
x2 + 4kx + (k2 - k + 2) = 0
Ans: k = 2 , -1
3

16
 RATIO AND PROPORTION
2+ 𝑦2
(1) If 𝑥 = 17 find the value of
𝑥2− 𝑦2 8

𝑥3+ 𝑦3
(i) x : y (ii)
𝑥3− 𝑦3

Ans: (i) 5:3

(ii) 76
49

(2) Two numbers are in the ratio 3 : 4. if 4 is subtracted from each term, then the ratio becomes

5 : 7. find the original numbers.

Ans: 24 and 32
(3) The incomes of A and B are in the ratio 5 : 8. each saves Rs. 1000 and the ratio of their
expenditure is 8 : 13. find their incomes.
Ans: Rs.25000,Rs.40000
5𝑎+7𝑏
(4) If a, b,c ,d are proportional, prove that = 5𝑐++7𝑑.
5𝑎−7𝑏 5𝑐−7𝑑
(5) If a + c = 2b and 1 + 1 = 2 , then prove that a:b = c:d
𝑏 𝑑 𝑐
3𝑎+4𝑏
(6) If = 3𝑎−4𝑏 , then prove that 𝑎 = 𝑐
3𝑐+4𝑑 3𝑐−4𝑑 𝑏 𝑑
𝑥2−𝑥+1
(7) Use properties of proportion to solve for x: = 14(𝑥+1)
𝑥2+𝑥+1 13(𝑥+1)

Ans: x=3
𝑎4+9
(8) If = 5 ,using properties of proportion solve for a.
6𝑎² 3
Ans: ±1
𝑎3+3𝑎𝑏²
(9) If = 172,find a : b
3𝑎2𝑏+𝑏³ 171
Ans: 4:3
√3𝑥+1 + √x+1
(10) If = 4 ,use properties of proportion and solve for x.
√3x+1 − √x1
Ans: 8
𝑥3+48𝑥 𝑦3+75𝑦
(11) If = 15𝑦2+125 ,calculate x : y.
12𝑥2+64

Ans: 4:5
(12) If a,b,c are in continued proportion, prove that
(i) (a + b + c) (a – b + c) = a2 + b2 + c2

17
 𝑎2+𝑎𝑏+𝑏² 𝑎
(ii)
𝑏2+𝑏𝑐+𝑐²
= 𝑐
𝑝𝑎2+𝑞𝑎𝑏+𝑟𝑏² 𝑎
(iii) =
𝑝𝑏2+𝑞𝑏𝑐+𝑟𝑐² 𝑐
𝑎𝑏+𝑏𝑐+𝑎𝑐
(iv) ( )³ = abc
𝑎+𝑏+𝑐
𝑎 +𝑏2+𝑐²
2
(v) =a–b+c
𝑎+𝑏+𝑐
𝑥2−𝑦2+𝑧²
(13) If x,y, and z are in continued proportion prove that , = y4
𝑥¯2−𝑦¯2+𝑧¯²
6𝑝𝑞 𝑥+3𝑝
(14) If x = , find the value of = 𝑥+3𝑞
𝑝+𝑞 𝑥−3𝑝 𝑥−3𝑞

Ans: 2
𝑥2+𝑥−3 2+3𝑥−2
(15) Using properties of proportion, solve for x : = 4𝑥
𝑥−3 3𝑥−2
Ans: 0 or 10
3𝑎−4𝑏+3𝑐−4𝑑
(16) Given = 3𝑎+4𝑏+3𝑐+4𝑑 , show that a,b,c ,d are in proportion.
3𝑐−4𝑑 3𝑐+4𝑑
(17) Find two numbers such that the mean proportion between them is 24 and third proportional
to them is 192.
Ans: 12 and 48
√𝑎+2𝑏+ √a−2b
(18) If x = , using properties of proportion show that bx2 – ax + b = 0
√a+2b− √a−2b
(19) If a,b,c,d are in continued proportion , prove that
3𝑎−7𝑑 3𝑎3−7𝑏³ (ii) (a² + b² + c²)(b² + c² + d²) = (ab + bc + cd)2
(i) =
7𝑎+3𝑑 7𝑎3+3𝑏³

(20) What same number should be subtracted from 23,30,57 and 78 so that the remainder are
in proportion?
Ans: 6
(21) Three numbers are in continued proportion . If the middle number is 18 and the sum of first
and last is 39, find the numbers.
Ans: 12,18 and 27
(22) What number must be added to each of the numbers 6,15,20 and 43 to make them
proportional?
Ans = 3
(23) What least number must be added to each of the numbers 5,11,19 and 37 so that they are
in proportional?
Ans: 2

18
 𝑎3+3𝑎𝑏²
(24) Given that = 63. using componendo and dividendo , find a : b.
𝑏3+3𝑎²𝑏 62
Ans: 3 : 2
(𝑥+𝑦)²
(25) If x,y,z are in continued proportion, prove that =𝑥
(𝑦+𝑧)² 𝑧
𝑎4+𝑎2𝑏2+𝑏⁴ 𝑎²
(26) If b is the mean proportion between a and c show that =
𝑏4+𝑏2𝑐2+𝑐⁴ 𝑐²

7𝑚+2𝑛
(27) If = 5 , use properties of proportion to find the value of
7𝑚−2𝑛 3

𝑚2+𝑛²
(i) m : n (ii)
𝑚2−𝑛²

Ans: (i) 8:7

113
(ii)
15

(28) Using properties of proportion , solve for x. Given that x is positive:

2𝑥+√4x2−1
=4
2x − √4x2−1

5
Ans: ±
8

√2𝑎+1 +√2a−1
(29) If x= , prove that x² - 4ax + 1 = 0.
√2a+1 − √2a−1
𝑥2+2𝑥 2+3𝑦
(30) Using properties of proportion find x:y , given : =𝑦
2𝑥+4 3𝑦+9

Ans: 2:3

19
 FACTORISATION OF POLYNOMIAL
(1) Find the remainder when 4x3 + 6x2 - 8x - 10 is divided by (2x + 1).
Ans: -5
(2) If the remainder is 7 when 2x3 - 3x2 + ax - 5 is divided by (2x - 3), find the value of a.
Ans: a = 8
(3) When 3x3 + ax2 + bx - 6 is divided by (x + 2) ,the remainder is 20 and (x - 2) is a factor of the
polynomial. find a and b.
Ans: a = 4 and b = -17
(4) What should be subtracted from the polynomial 2x3 + 5x2 - 11x - 10 so that (2x + 7) is a factor?
Ans: a = 4
(5) prove that (x - 2) is a factor of x3 - 7x + 6. hence, factorise the given expression.
Ans: (x - 2)(x + 3)(x - 1)
(6) Using the Remainder theorem, factorise completely the following polynomial
3x3 + 2x2 - 19x + 6.
Ans: (x - 2)(x + 3)(3x -1)
(7) prove that (2x - 1) is a factor of 2x3 + x2 – 13 + 6. hence, factorise the given polynomial.
Ans: (2x - 1)(x + 3)(x - 2)
(8) If (3x + 1) is a factor of 3x3 + 4x2 - 35x - 12, factorise the expression.
Ans: (3x + 1)(x + 4)(x - 3)
(9) When the two polynomials x3 - px2 + x + 6 and 2x3 - x2 - (p + 3)x - 6 are divided by (x - 3),
the remainder is same. find the value of p.
Ans: p = 1
(10)(x2 + 2x - 15) is a factor of x3 + ax2 + bx - 30. find the values of a and b.
Ans: a = 4 and b = -11
(11) Using the Remainder theorem, factorise completely the following polynomial:
x3 + 10x2 - 37x + 26.
Ans: (x -1)(x + 13)(x - 2)
(12) Find the value of k if (x - 2) is a factor of x3 + 2x2 – kx + 10.hence, determine whether (x + 5)
is also a factor.
Ans: k = 13, yes
(13) What should be added to 2x3 + 5x2 - 28x - 18 so that (x - 3) is a factor of the resulting
polynomial?
ANS: 3
(14) Given that (x + 2) is a factor of (3x + 4)3 - (5x + a)3 , find the value of a.
Ans: a = 8

20
(15) Find the value of a ,if (x - a) is a factor of x3 - a2x + x + 2.
Ans: -2
(16) Show that 2x + 7 is a factor of 2x3 + 5x2 - 11x - 14. Hence factorise the given expression
completely, using the factor theorem.
Ans: (x - 2)(x + 1)(2x + 7)
(17) If (x - 2) is a factor of 2x3 - x2 – px – 2
(i) Find the value of p.
(ii) with the value of p factorise the above expression completely.
Ans: (i) 5
(ii) (x - 2)(x + 1)(2x + 1)
(18) Find the ‘a’ if the two polynomials ax3 + 3x2 - 9 and 2x3 + 4x + a ,leave the same
remainder when divided by x + 3.
Ans: 3
(19) What must be subtracted from 16x3 - 8x + 4x + 7,so that the resulting expression has 2x + 1
as a factor?
Ans: 1
(20)Using the remainder theorem find the remainders obtained when x3 + (kx + 8)x + k is divided
by x + 1 and x - 2.hence, find k if the sum of two remainders is 1.
Ans = -2
(21) Use the factor theorem to factorise 6x3 + 17x2 + 4x - 12 completely.
Ans: (x + 2)(x + 1)(2x + 5)
(22) What must be added to the polynomial 2x3 - 3x2 - 8x, so that it leaves a remainder 10 when
divided by 2x + 1?
Ans: 7

21
 MATRICES
3 4 1 2
(1) A= [ ] and B = [ ] , find (i) A + B (ii) A – B
5 6 7 8
4 6 2 2
Ans: (i) [ ] (ii) [ ]
12 14 −2 −2
9 8
(2) If P = [ ] , find (i) P’ (ii) P + P’ (iii) P – P’
7 6 9 7 18 15
Ans: (i) [ ] (ii) [
]
8 6 15 12
0 1
(iii) [
]
3 2 2 4 −1 0
(3) If [ ]+X= 4 −1 - ] ,Find the matrix X.
[ ] [
5 −4 7 9 3 8
Ans: −1 −7
[ ]
−1 5
4 7 2 −1
(4) If [ ] -M=[ ] + M, Find the matrix M.
−5 6 7 4 1 4
Ans: [
]
−6 1
(5) Find x,y,z in the following:

(i) [3𝑥 − 2 5
𝑥] = [𝑥 + 4 4𝑦2 − 1] (ii) [𝑥 + 10 𝑦2 − 4𝑦] = 3𝑥 + 4 −3
[ ]
0 𝑧−1 0 −8 3−𝑧 1 𝑧−5 1
Ans: (i) x = 3,y = ± 2, z = -7
(ii) x = 3,y = 1 or 3,z = 4
4 4 2 1
(6) If A=[ ] and B = ], Find the matrix D such that 3A - 2B + 2D = 0.
[
−2 6 3 −2
−4 −5
Ans: [ ]
6 −11
3 −4
(7) Let A = [ ] . find : (i) A + A’ (ii) A’ – A where A’ is the transpose of A.
5 6
6 1 0 9
Ans: (i) [ ] (ii) [ ]
1 12 −9 0
3 4 7
(8) A= [ ] and B =[ ] .Is A x B possible? Give reason.If so, find the product.
5 6 8
53
Ans: [ ]
83
7 2
(9) A=[3 5] and B =[ ] . Is AB possible? If so, find the product.
4 8
Ans: [41 46]
2 17
(10) Given [ X=
] [ ]
−3 4 6
(i) Write the order of matrix X. (ii) Find the matrix X.
Ans: (i) 2 x 1
2
(ii) [ ]
3

22
 3 2 4 1 6 7
(11) If A = [ ] ,B = [ ] ,C = [ ] . find A(B + C), AB + AC and draw your
4 5 −1 2 3 1
conclusion from the result.
26 25
Ans: [ ]
50 47
4 −2 0 2 −2 3
(12) If A = [ ] , B=[ ] and C=[ ] , Find A2 – A + BC.
6 −3 1 −1 1 −1
2 −2
Ans: [ ]
−5 11 −3 4
] and X-Y = [ 9 −5
(13) If X+Y =[ ,Find the matrices X and Y.
]
10 −4 −2 14
2 3
Ans: X= [ ] ,Y= [−7 8
]
4 5 6 −9
1 4
(14) Given M = [ ] . find k if M2 - 6M + kI = Null Matrix, Where I is an identity matrix of
−1 2
order 2 x 2.
Ans: k = 9
2 −3 8 15
(15) Let Q= [ and R = [ ]. find the matrix P if PQ = R.
]
5 6 19 −15
Ans: −1 2
[ ]
−1 7 1
4 −5 2𝑥 5
(16) If [ ]+3 =[ ,find x and y.
][ [ ] ]
−3 1 8 6 2𝑦
Ans: x = 3, y = 4
4 5 7
(17) If A = , B= and AX = B .Find the (i) order of matrix X, (ii) matrix X.
[ ] [ ]
3 4 6
−2
Ans: (i) 2 x 1 (ii) [ ]
3
9 2 1 𝑥
(18) Given A= [ ] and B = [ ] and AB = I ,find the values of x and y.
4 1 𝑦 9
Ans: x = -2 and y = -4
(19) Evaluate:

[ tan 45° sec 60°] [3 4]

𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 30° sin 90° 4 3
11 10
Ans: [ ]
10 11
(20) Evaluate:
2 sin 30° 4 cos 60° 8
[ ] [ ]
2 cos 0° √3 tan 30° 9
26
Ans: [ ]
25
(21) Find the values of x and y if
3𝑥 𝑥 2] = [22
[ ][ ]
y 2y 5 36

23
 Ans: x = 2, y = 3
1 −2 −7
(22) Given P= [ ] and Q = [ ] .if PX = Q ,find the matrix X.
−3 4 11
3
Ans: [ ]
5
𝑎−𝑏 𝑏 − 5 −3
(23) Given [ ] [ ] = 7 [3 ] ,find a and b.
b−3 2b 2 2
Ans: a = -2, b = 5
2 4
(24) Given [a b] [ ] = [14 −20], find a and b.
3 −6
Ans: a=1 , b= 4
−4 6
(25) A [ ] ,B= [−4 2] and PA=B
3 5
find: (i) the order of matrix P.
(ii) the matrix P. Ans: (i) 1 x 2 (ii) [7 8]
4 −2 3 −2 4 3
(26) A = [ ],B=[ ],C= ] .Find A2 – A + BC.
[
6 −3 −1 4 5 6
2 −3
Ans : [ ]
16 21
2𝑥 𝑥 3 16
(27) Find x and y, if [ =[ ]
y 3y] [ 2] 9
Ans: x=2, y=1
[4 sin 30 ° 2 cos 60° 4 5
(28) Evaluate: ][ ]
sin 90° 2 cos 0° 5 4
13 14
Ans: [ ]
2 5 4 −2 14 13
(29) If A= [ ], B= [ and I is the identity matrix of the same order and At is the
]
1 3 −1 3
transpose of matrix A , and At. B + BI
Ans: 11 −3
[ ]
2 −6 −3 2 4 0 16 2
(30) A = [ ], B = ], C = [ ] Find X such that A + 2X = 2B + C.
[
2 0 4 0 0 2
Ans : −2 5
[ ]
3 1
𝑥 3𝑥 2 5
(31) Find x and y if : [ ][ ]=[ ]
y 4y 1 12
Ans: x=1, y=2
2 1 4 1 −3 2
(32) A = [ ],B=[ ],C= ] Find A2 + AC – 5B.
[
0 −2 −3 −2 −1 4
24
 Ans: −23 3
[ ]
17 6
2 0 1 0
(33) A = [ ],I=[ ] and A2 = 9A + MI. Find M.
−1 7 0 1
Ans: -14
(34) Simplify:

sin A [sin 𝐴 − cos 𝐴] + cos A [ cos 𝐴 sin 𝐴]

cos 𝐴 sin 𝐴 −sin 𝐴 cos 𝐴 1 0
Ans:
[ ]
3 0 −4 2 0 1
(35) If A = [ ], and B= [ , find A2 – 2AB + B2
]
5 1 1 0
51 −20
Ans: [ ]
54 −17

25
 ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION
(1) Write the 17th term of the AP, whose first 2 terms are -2 and 3.
Ans: 78
(2) If the third term of an AP is 11 and the seventh term is 27 ,find the fifth term.
Ans: 19
(3) Which term of the AP: 23,44,65,86, …., is 212?
Ans: 10
(4) Which term of the sequences 30, 29 1 , 28 1 , 27 1 ,…., is the first negative term?
2 2 2

Ans: 42nd
(5) Insert 5 numbers between 5 and 14, so the resulting sequences is in AP.
Ans: 5,6.5,8,9.5,11,12.5,14
(6) The general term of a sequence is given by an = -3n + 5. Is the sequence in an AP? If so find
the 11th term and common difference.
Ans: -28
(7) The nth term of two APs is same.find the value of n and the nth term.
AP1 : 57,54,51,… AP2 : 1,5,9,…
Ans: n = 9 and 33
(8) Find the number of integers between 50 and 300 which are divisible by 7.
Ans: 35
(9) (3x + k), (2x + 9) and (x + 13) are 3 consecutive terms of an AP, find k.
Ans: 5
(10) Find the 20th term of an AP whose third term is 7 and the seventh term exceeds 3 times the
third term by 2. also, find the nth term.
Ans: 75, 4n-5
(11) An AP has 21 terms .The sum of 10th,11th and 12th terms is 129 and the sum of the last 3 terms
is 237.Find the AP.
Ans: 3,7,11,….75,79,83
(12) Find the 6th term from the end of the A.P.
19,14,9,….(-46).
Ans: -21
(13) Find the 6th term from the end of AP.
17,14,11,….., which has 30 terms.
Ans: -55
(14) The sum of three numbers in an AP is -12 and their product is 36. Find the numbers.
Ans: -9,-4,+1

26
(15) Find 4 numbers in AP whose sum is -4 and the sum of whose square is 84.
Ans: -7,-3,1,5
1
(16) Find the 5 numbers in AP, whose sum is 12 and ratio of first to last term is 2:3.
2
9
Ans:2, , 5 , 11 ,3 or
4 2 4
1
2,2 , 21 , 23 ,3
4 2 4
(17) Divide 22 into 4 parts which are in AP.such that the ratio of the product of extremes to the
product of means is 5:14.
Ans: 1,4,7,10
(18) Find the sum of 17 terms of an AP, whose middle term is 40.
Ans: 680
(19) In an AP,18th term is 48 and 32nd term is 104. find
(i) the first term and the common difference.
(ii) the sum of first 50 terms.
Ans: (i) -20 (ii) 3900
(20) Solve for x: 1 + 4 + 7+….+ x = 247
Ans: 37
(21) The sum of first 6 terms of an AP is 63. The ratio of its 10th term to its 20th term is 1:2.
Calculate the first and 15th terms.
Ans: 45
(22) The ratio of 6th and 14th terms of an AP is 2:5. Find the ratio of
(i) 4th and 19th terms,
(ii) the sum of first 5 terms and the sum of first 12 terms.
Ans: (i) 2:11 (ii) 1:6
(23) An AP consists of 29 terms. The sum of 3 middle most terms is 375 and the sum of the last 3
terms is 531. find the AP.
Ans: 69,73,77,81,…
(24) How many terms of the AP 7,10,13,… are needed to get a sum of 710?
71
Ans: 20, - not possible
3
(25)(i) find the sum of all odd numbers between 100 and 300
(ii) find the sum of all multiples of 7 lying between 500 and 800.
Ans: (i) 20000 (ii) 27993
2+5𝑛
(26) The sum of first n terms of an AP is 3𝑛 . find the 25th term.
2

Ans: 76

27
(27) The sum of first n terms of an AP is given by n² + 8n . find its 12th term.
Ans: 31
(28) Find 4 consecutive terms in an AP whose sum is 22 and the sum of 3rd, and 4th term is 21.
Ans: -2,3,8,13
(29) The sum of first 15 terms is 105 in an A.P. the sum of next 15 terms is 780. find the first
3 terms.
Ans: -14,-11,-8,…

28
 REFLECTION
(1) Plot A(2,3) and B(6,3)
(i) Reflect A in the origin to get the image D.
(ii) Reflect A in the x-axis to get the image C.
(iii) write the coordinates of C and D.
(iv) What kind of figure is ABCD? find its area.
(v) What is the reflection of C in the y-axis?
(vi) Name two points from the figure which are invariant on reflection in y-axis.
Ans: (iii) C(2,-3),D(-2,-3)
(IV) parallelogram, 24 sq.units
(v) D(-2,-3) (vi) (0,0),(0,-3)

(2) Plot P(5,3) on a graph paper. The point P (5, 3) was reflected in the origin to get the image P’.
(i) Write down the co-ordinates of P’.
(ii) If M is the foot of the perpendicular from P to the x-axis, find the co-ordinates of M.
(iii) If N is the foot of the perpendicular from P’ to the x-axis, find the co-ordinates of N.
(iv) Name the figure PMP’N.
(v) Find the area of the figure PMP’N.
Ans: (iv) parallelogram (v) 30 sq.units

(3) Plot P(2,4), Q(-2,1),R(5,0) . Reflect points P and Q in x-axis to get P’ and Q’.
(i) Write the coordinates.
(ii) Give a geometrical name to the figure formed by joining the points PQQ’P’R. Find
its area and perimeter.
(iii) Name its axis of symmetry and write its equation.
(iv) Name two points from the figure which are invariant on reflection in x-axis.
Ans: (ii) pentagon, 32 sq.units,22
(iii) x –axis, y=0
(iv) (5,0), (-2,0)
(4) Plot P(6,3) and Q(3,0). refletct P in the x-axis to get P’. Write the co-ordinates of P’.O is the
origin. give the geometrical name of POP’Q. Write the equation of the line of symmetry for the
figure POP’Q. find its area.
Ans: arrowhead, x-axis,
y = 0,9 sq.units
(5)(i) Plot the points A(4,6) and B(1,2) on the graph paper.
(ii) A’ is the image of A when reflected in x-axis.

29
 (iii) B’ is the image of A when reflected in the line AA’
(iv) Give a geometrical name to the figure ABA’B’.
Ans: (ii) A’=(4,-6) (iii) B’=(7,2)
(iv) kite

(6)(i) Plot A(0,5),B(2,5),C(5,2),D(5,-2),E(2,-5) AND F(0,-5).

(II) Reflect B,C,D AND E on the y-axis and name these B’,C’,D’ and E’ res. and write their
coordinates.
(iii) Name the figure formed by BCDEE’D’C’B’.
Ans: (iii) octagon

30
 SECTION FORMULA
(1) P divides the line segment joining A(1,-6) and B(6,4) in the ratio 2:3. find the coordinates of P.
Ans: (3,-2)
(2) Find the ratio in which (4,b) divided the line joining the points (6,-2) and (-3,16).also, find b.
Ans: 2:7, b = 2
(3) In what ratio is the line joining the points (4,3) and (-10,-4) divided by the x-axis? also, find
the coordinates of the point of intersection.
Ans: 3:4, (-2,0)
(4) In what ratio does the line y=3 divide the line joining the points A(2,6) and B( -12,-1)? find
the coordinates of the point of intersection.
Ans: 3:4, (-4,3)
(5) G(2,5) is the centroid of ΔABC where A= (4,1). find the midpoint of side BC.
Ans: (1,7)
(6) In the adjoining figure, P(-4,3) divides AB in the ratio 3:2. find the coordinates of A and B.

Ans: A=(-10,0), B(0,5)

(7) If A(-6,0), and B(0,6) , find the points of trisection of the line segment AB.
Ans: (-4,2) or (-2,4)
(8) If A =(-3,7) and B=(1,9) , find the coordinates of the midpoint of AB.
Ans: (-1,8)
(9) If A=(3,-4) and midpoint of the line segment AB is (5,1) ,find the coordinates of B.
Ans: (7,6)
(10) In the given figure, M(3,-2) is the midpoint of AB. if A and B are on x-axis and y-axis res.
find the coordinates of A and B.

Ans: A(6,0) , B (0,-4)

(11) If ABCD is a parallelogram and A= (3,-1) ,B = (5,6),C = (7,3) , find the coordinates of D.
Ans: (5,-4)

31
(12) The centroid of ΔABC is (-1,4). if A= (5,-6), B = (-2,3), find the coordinates of C.
Ans: (-6,15)
(13) The line segment joining A(2,3), B(6,-5) is intercepted by the X axis at the point K. write
the coordinate of the K. Hence ,find the ratio in which K divides AB.
Ans: 0, 3:5
(14) find the coordinates of the centroid of a triangle whose vertices are:
A(-1,3), B(1,-1) , C(5,1)
Ans: (5 , 1)
3

(15) The midpoint of the line segment joining (2a,4) and (-2,2b) is (1,2a + 1). find the values of
a and b.
Ans: a = 2, b = 3
𝐴𝑃
(16) If The line joining the points A(4,-5), B(4,5) is divided by point P so that = 2 . Find the
𝐴𝐵 5
coordinates of P.
Ans: (4,-1)
(17) Given a line segment AB joining the points A(-4,6) B(8,-3) .find:
(i) the ratio in which AB is divided by the y-axis.
(ii) find the coordinates of the point of intersection.
Ans: (i) 1:2 (ii) (0,3)
(18) In the given figure, the line segment AB meets X-axis at A and Y-axis at B. The point
P(-3,4) on AB divides it in the ratio 2:3. Find the coordinates of A and B.

Ans: A(-5,0), B(0,10)

(19) Calculate the ratio in which the line joining A(-4,2), B(3,6) is divided by point P(x,3). Also
find x.
Ans: 1:3, −9
4

(20) P (1,-2) is a point on the line segment A(3,-6), B(x,y) such that AP:BP is equal to 2:3.
Find the coordinates of B.
Ans: B(-2,4)
(21) M and N are two points on x-axis respectively. P(3,2) divides the line segment MN
in the ratio 2:3 find:
(i) the coordinates of M and N.

32
 (ii) slope of the line MN.
Ans: (i) M(5,0), N(0,5)
(ii) -1
(22) In which ratio is the line joining P(5,3), Q(-5,3) divided by the y-axis? Also find the
coordinates of the point of intersection.
Ans: 1:1 , (0,3)

33
 EQUATION OF STRAIGHT LINE
(1) Prove that A (6,6) , B (-2,0) and C (2,3) are collinear points.
(2) If A (-3,5), B (2,-1), C(a,11) are collinear ,find the value a.
Ans: -8
(3) Line 3x – ky = 1 is perpendicular to the line AB where A ≡ (7, -2) and B ≡ (-5,6). Find the
value of k.
Ans: 2
(4) In the given circle, C(-1,-4) is the centre and A(5,1) is a point on the circle. IF AT is a tangent
to the circle, find the value of k if T(k, -2).

Ans: 15
2

(5) Given A = (k,4), B = (6,-3),C = (1,8), D = (5,-6).find the value of k if

(i) AB || CD (ii) AB ⊥ CD.
Ans: (i) 4 (ii) 61
2

(6) In the given diagram, equation of AB is √3y = x + 2 √3 and equation of AC is √3x – y – 2 = 0.

(i) write down the angles which the lines AB and AC make with the positive direction of
x-axis.
(ii) hence, find ∠BAC.

Ans: (i)∠ABC = 30°, ∠ACX = 60°

(ii) ∠BAC = 30°
(7) If the point (2m , 3m -1) lies on the line 4x - 3y = 1, find the value of m.
Ans: 2
(8) The line through A(a,6) and B(9,5) is parallel to the line through C( 4,1) and D(7,4). find the
value of a.
Ans: 10
(9) If A(p, -1) ,B(3,-8), and C(5,6) are collinear, find the value of p.
Ans: 4
(10) A(1,k), B(3,5) and C(6,2) are vertices of ΔABC. if ∠ABC = 90°, find the value of k.
Ans: 3
34
(11) The gradient of the line joining P(6,k) and Q (1 - 3k, 3) is 1.
2

(i) find k. (ii) find the midpoint of PQ.

Ans: (i) -11 (ii) (20,-4)
(12) If lines 4y - 7x = 12 and ay - 8x = 1 are perpendicular to each other, find the value of a.
Ans: -14
(13) If the lines through A(a,4) and B(5,-2) is perpendicular to the line 2x - 4y = 1 , find the value
of a.
Ans: 2
(14) If the line 4x - 3y = 9 is perpendicular to the line through A(1,-2) and B(k,4) ,find the value of k.
Ans: -7
(15) Find the measure of angle Ɵ in the figure.

Ans: 45°

(16) In the given figure, equation of AB is x - √3 y +1 = 0 and equation of AC is

x–y–2=0
(i) Write down the angles that AB and AC make with the positive direction of x-axis.
(ii) Find ∠BAC.

Ans: (i) 30°, 45° (ii) 15°

(17) Find the equation of a line through A(4,-3) and B(6,5).
Ans: y = 4x-19
(18) Find the equation of a line passing through (-3,2) and parallel to 5x + 4y = 6.
Ans: 4y = -5x - 7 or
5x + 4y + 7 = 0
(19) Find the equation of a line passing through (4,-5) and perpendicular to 2x + 3y = 1.
Ans: 2y = 3x - 22
(20) Find the equation of a line through the point of intersection of the lines 2x + 5y = 9
and 5x - 2y = 8 and perpendicular to the line 4x + 3y = 7

35
 Ans: 4y = 3x - 2
(21) In the triangle A (2,-3), B (6,7), C (-8,5) find the equation of
(i) the altitude through A.
(ii) the median through A. Ans: (i) y = -7x + 11
(ii) y = -3x + 3
(22) ABCD is a kite, B = (7,-1), and D = (9,-5) form the shorter diagonal. find the equation of the
longer diagonal AC.

Ans: 2y = x - 14
(23) Find the equation of a line through (-6,7) and with the x-intercept of 5 units.
Ans: 7x + 11y = 35
(24) Given equation of line L1 is y = 4.
(i) write the slope of the line L2 if L2 is the bisector of angle O.
(ii) write the coordinates of point P.
(iii) Find the equation of L2

Ans: (i) tan 45° = 1

(ii) P(4,4) (iii) y = x
(25) Find the equation of a lines equally inclined to the co-ordinates axes and passing
through the point P (5,-1).

Ans: (i) y=x-6 (ii) x+y=4

36
(26) In the given figure, find the equation of the line through P (5,4) making an angle of 45°
with x-axis. Also, find the coordinates of Q and R.

Ans: y = x - 1
Q(1,0), R(0,-1)
(27) Find the equation of a line passing through the point (3,2) and its x-intercept is double
of y-intercept.
Ans: x + 2y = 7
(28) A line passes through the point P (2,9) and cuts off positive intercepts, on the
x-axis and y-axis in the ratio 2:3 .Find the equation of the line.

Ans: 3x + 2y = 24
(29) ABCD is a rhombus.the coordinates of A and C are (3,6) and (-1,2) res. write down the
equation of BD.
ANS: x + y = 5
(30) Write down the equation of the line whose gradient is 3 and which passes through P, where
2

P divides the line segment joining A(-2,6) and B(3,-4) in the ratio 2:3.
Ans: 2y = 3x + 4
(31) A(1,4), B(3,2),C(7,5) are the vertices of a ΔABC .find:
(i) the coordinates of the centroid G of ΔABC.
(ii) the equation of a line ,through G and parallel to AB.
Ans: (i) (11 , 11 )
3 3

(ii) 3x+3y=22
(32) A straight passes through the points P(-1,4) and Q(5,-2). It intersects the coordinate axes at
points A and B. M is the midpoint of the segment AB. Find :
(i) the equation of the line .
(ii) the coordinates of A and B.

37
 (iii) the coordinate of M .

Ans: (i) x+y=3

(ii) A(3,0), B(0,3)
(iii) (1.5,1.5)
(33) Find the value of k for which the lines kx - 5y + 4 = 0 and 4x - 2y + 5 = 0 are perpendicular to
each other.
Ans: −5
2

(34) P(3,4), Q(7,-2) R(-2,-1) are the vertices of triangle PQR. Write down the equation of the median
of the triangle,through R.
Ans: 7y = 2x - 3
(35) In the given figure, write
(i) the coordinates of A,B, C
(ii) the equation of the line through A and parallel to BC.

ANS: (i) A(2,3),B(-1,2),C(3,0)

(ii) x + 2y = 8
(36) If the lines y = 3x + 7 and 2y + px = 3 are perpendicular to each other,find the value of p.
Ans: 2
3

(37) Find the equation of the line parallel to the line 3x + 2y = 8 and passing through the point (0,1).
Ans: 3x + 2y = 2
(38) Points A and B have coordinates (7,-3) and (1,9) res. find:
(i) the slope of AB
(ii) the equation of the perpendicular bisector of the line segment AB.
(iii) the value of ‘p’ if (-2,p) lies on it.
Ans: (i) -2 (ii) 2y=x+2
(iii) 0

38
(39) Find the value of p for which the lines 2x + 3y – 7 = 0 and 4y – px – 12 = 0 are perpendicular to
each other.
Ans: 6
(40)A and B are two points on the x-axis and y-axis res. P(2,-3) is the midpoint of AB. find the
(i) coordinates of A and B
(ii) slope of line AB
(iii) equation of line AB.

Ans: (i) A(4,0), B(0,-6)

(ii) 3 (iii) 2y=3x-12
2

(41) The equation of a line is 3x + 4y – 7 = 0 .find:

(i) the slope of the line
(ii) the equation of a line perpendicular to the given line and passing through the intersection
of the lines x – y + 2 = 0 and 3x + y – 10 = 0 .
Ans: (i) −3 (ii) 4x-3y+4=0
4

(42) ABCD is a parallelogram where A(x,y), B(5,8),C(4,7),D(2,-4) .find

(i) coordinates of A (ii) equation of diagonal BD.
Ans: (i) (3,-3) (ii) y=4x-12
(43) The line through A(-2,3) , B(4,b) is perpendicular to the line2x - 4y = 5. find the value of b.
Ans: -9
(44) In ΔABC ,A(3,5), B(7,8),C(1,-10).Find the equation of the median through A.
Ans: y + 6x = 23
(45) Find the value of ‘a’ for which the following points A(a,3) ,B(2,1) and C(5,a) are collinear.
hence find the equation of the line AB.
Ans: 4 or -1, 2x+3y=7
or y=x-1
(46) A line AB meets X-axis at A and Y-axis at B. P(4,−1) divides AB in the ratio 1:2.
(i) Find the Coordinates of A and B.
(ii) find the equation of the line through P and perpendicular to AB.

39
 Ans: (i) A(6,0), B(0,-3)
(ii) 2x + y = 7
1
(48) The slope of a line joining P(6,k) and Q (1 - 3k, 3) is .Find
2
(i) k.
(ii) Midpoint of PQ using the value of ‘k’ found in (i).
Ans: (i) -11 (ii) (20,-4)
(49) A(-1,3), B(4,2),C(3,-2) are the vertices of a triangle.
(i) Find the coordinates of the centroid G of the triangle.
(ii) Find the equation of the line through G and parallel to AC.
Ans: (i) G(2,1)
(ii) 5x + 4y = 14
(50) The vertices of a △ABC are A(3,8), B(-1,2), C(6,-6) .Find
(i)Slope of BC.
(ii) Equation of a line perpendicular to BC and passing through A.
−8
Ans: (i)
7
(ii) 8y = 7x + 43
(51) Find the value of ‘P’ if the lines , 5x - 3y + 2 = 0 and 6x – py + 7 = 0 are perpendicular
to each other. Hence find the equation of a line passing through (-2,-1) and
parallel to 6x – py + 7 = 0.
Ans: -10, 3x + 5y + 11 = 0

40
 SIMILARITY
(1) In ΔABC, PQ || BC and AP : PB = 2:3. If AQ = x + 1 and QC = x + 5 ,find the value of x.

Ans: 7
(2) In Δ ABC, AB || DE and BE : EC =3:4 .If AC = 5.6 cm , find the length of AD.

Ans: AD = 2.4 cm
(3) In ΔABC, M and N are points on AB and AC such that AM = 2 cm, MB = 4 cm, AN = 3 cm,
and NC = 1 cm . prove that ΔAMN ~ΔACB.

(4) In the figure,AO = 2 cm, BO = 3 cm, CO = 1 cm and DO = 1.5 cm. prove that Δ AOB ~ΔCOD.

(5) IN ΔXYZ, XY = 1.5 cm, YZ = 3cm , XZ = 2 cm and in PQR, PQ = 2.25 cm, QR = 4.5 cm and
PR = 3 cm. prove that ΔXYZ ~ΔPQR.

(6) In ΔABC, the medians BD and CE intersect at G. prove that

(i) ΔEGD ~ΔCGB (ii) BG = 2GD

41
(7) In ΔPQR, PX = 1 XQ and XY || QR. find :
2

IF QR = 4.5 cm , find the length of XY.

Ans: 1.5 cm
(8) In the given Δ ABC , ∠ABC = 90°, BP ⊥ AC, AP = 9 cm and PC = 16 cm.
(i) prove that ΔAPB ~ΔBPC.
(ii) find the length of BP.

Ans: 12 cm
(9) In the given figure, AC bisects ∠BAD and AB = 16 cm , AC = 12 cm and AD = 9 cm.
(i) prove that ΔABC ~ΔACD.

(10) In the quadrilateral ABCD, AC bisects ∠BCD , ∠ABC = 90° = ∠DAC . If AB = 6 cm and
AC = 10 cm, calculate AD and CD.

Ans: 12.5 cm and 7.5 cm

42
 (11) In the given figure, Δ ABC and ΔAMP are right angled at B and M. given AC = 10 cm, AP = 15 cm
and PM = 12 cm
(i) prove that ΔABC ~ΔAMP.
(ii) find AB and BC.

Ans: 6 cm and 8 cm
(12) In the figure given, AD || BC and ∠ABC = 90° = ∠ACD , AB = 12 cm and BC = 16 cm.
find : (i) CD and (ii) AD.

Ans: 15 cm and 25 cm
(13) In the given figure, ABCD is a parallelogram . E is a point on AB, CE intersects the diagonal
BD at G and EF || BC. if AE : EB = 1:2, find:
(i) EF : AD (ii) EF : BC

Ans: 2 : 3
(14) In the given figure, ∠ABC = ∠BDC .
(i) prove that ΔABC ~ΔADB.
(ii) If AC = 9 cm and CD = 7 cm, find the length of AB.

Ans: 12 cm
(15) In ΔPQR = ∠Q = 90° and MN ⊥ PR. PM = 5 cm, MQ = 4 cm and QR = 12 cm . find : MN

43
 Ans: 4 cm
(16) In ΔPQR, S is a point on QR so that ∠Q = ∠SPR. If QS = 5 cm and SR = 4 cm, find PR.

Ans : 6 cm
(17) ABCD is a rectangle with DP ⊥ QC. Prove that ΔDPC ~ΔCBQ.

(18) In ΔABC, PQ || BC. IF AP : PB = 2:3 ,find

(i) the length of PQ , IF BC = 7.5 cm.

Ans: 3 cm
(19) AB and ED are perpendiculars to BD. AE meets BD at C. if AB = 16 cm, BC = 12 cm,
and CD = 3 cm, find: the lengths of DE and CE.

Ans: 4 cm, 5 cm

44
(20) In the quadrilateral PQRS , PS || QR, PQ ⊥ QR and PR ⊥ RS.
(I) If PQ = 12 cm , QR = 9 cm , find PS and RS.

Ans: 25 cm, 20 cm
(21) In ΔABC, ∠ABC = 90° and QP ⊥ AC.
(i) prove that ΔABC ~ΔAPQ.
(ii) If AP = 5, PQ = 12, BC = 36, find the lengths of AB and AC.

Ans : 15, 39
(22) In the given figure, PQ || ST, PR= 4 cm and RT = 6 cm.
(i) Prove that ΔPQR ~ ΔTSR.
(ii) Find the value of x if PQ = x + 2 and ST = 2x + 1.

Ans : x = 4
(23) In the given figure, AB = 9 cm ,BC = 12 cm and AC = 15 cm . BP ⊥ AC.
(i) what is the measure of ∠ABC?
(ii) Prove that ΔAPB ~ ΔABC.
(iii) Find the lengths of BP and AP.

Ans : 90° , 7.2 cm, 5.4 cm

(24) In ΔABC , P and Q are points on AB and AC such that AP = 4 cm, PB = 3.5 cm , AQ = 7 cm
and QC = 3 cm.

45
 (i) prove that ΔAPQ ~ΔACB.
(ii) If BC = 10 cm, find the length of PQ.

Ans : 4 cm
(25) IN ΔPQR, S is a point on QR such that ∠Q = ∠SPR.
(i) prove that ΔPQR ~ΔSPR.
(ii) if QS = 5 cm, SR = 4 cm , find the length of PR.

Ans: 6 cm
(26) In ΔABC ,DE || BC.
(i) Prove that ΔADE ~ ΔABC.
(ii) If AD = x, DE = x +1,BC = y, AE = 7, BD = 8,CE = 14, find x and y.

Ans : 4, 15
(27) ABCD is a rectangle, AB = 12 cm, and BC = 8 cm. E is a point on BC such that BE = 5 cm.
AE produced meets DC produced at F.
(i) prove that ΔABE ~ΔFCE.
(ii) find the lengths of EF and CF.

Ans : 7.8 cm, 7.2 cm

(28) ABCD is a trapezium, AB || CD. AB = 9, AC = 12, CD = 16.
(i) prove that ΔABC ~ ΔCAD.

46
 (ii) If AD = 10, find BC.

Ans : 7.5
(29) In ΔABC, ∠B = 90°, PQ ⊥ AC.
(i) prove that ΔABC ~ ΔAQP.
(ii) If AB = 15, AQ = 6,AP = 3x + 4, QC = 10x - 1, find x, AP and AC.

Ans: 2,10,25
(30) In the given figure, AB || CD || EF, AB = 4,OC = 9,OD = 6,DF = 3, CD = 8,
find x,y,z and EF.

Ans :4.5 , 4.5, 3, 12

(31) D and E are two points on sides AB and BC of ΔABC such that ∠EDB = ∠ACB .
(i) prove that ΔABC ~ΔEBD.
(ii) if BE = 6 cm, EC = 4 cm , BD = 5 cm and area of BED = 9 cm², calculate the
(a) length of AB

Ans : 12 cm
(32) In the given figure, AB || CD || EF , AB = 5 cm, AC = 4 cm, EF = 7.5 cm , CF = x and CD = y.
(i) prove that ΔFEC ~ΔABC.
(ii) solve for x and y.

Ans: 6 cm , 3 cm
47
 CIRCLES
(1) AB is a diameter of a circle with centre O. DC || AB, ∠BOC = 68° .Find the angles of
triangle BCD.

Ans: 22°
(2) Are CD subtends 56° at the centre O in the circle. AD and BC are extended to meet at E.
Find ∠DBC and ∠E.

Ans: 28° and 62°

(3) In the given figure, ∠PQR = 85° , and ∠QRP = 60°, Find ∠SQR + ∠SRQ.

Ans: 145°

(4) In the given circle ∠ADC = 78° , ∠ACD = 40°,∠BAC = 28° .Find
(i) ∠ABC
(ii) ∠DAC
(iii) hence prove that DB is a diameter.

Ans:102° and 62°

48
(5) Calculate the measures of angles marked a, b and c if 𝑎 = 𝑏 = 𝑐 .
2 3 4

Ans: 30°, 45°, 60°

(6) If ∠PQR = 80°,find ∠PSR and ∠PQR.

Ans: 40° and 140°

(7) If ∠DAB = 52°, ∠CBD = 28°, find ∠ABD, ∠BCD, ∠BDC.

Ans: 38°, 128°, 24°

(8) In the circle with centre O, ∠ADB = 20°, Find ∠BAC.

Ans: 70°
(9) ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral in the circle with centre O. ∠ADC = 50° and ∠AOB = 68°,
Find ∠ACB, ∠ABO, ∠BOC.

49
 Ans: 34°, 56°, 32°
(10) In the given circle ,diameter AC || chord ED. If ∠EBC = 43° ,find ∠DEC.

Ans: 47°
(11) In the given circle,diameter AB || chord DC and ∠ABC = 52° find ∠BAC and ∠AED.

Ans: 38° , 142°

(12) ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral . ∠ABC = 70° , ∠ACB = 50°, ∠CAD = 30°
(i) find ∠ADC AND ∠BAC.
(ii) prove that BD is a diameter.

Ans:110°, 60°
(13) In the circle with centre O, ∠AOB = 70°, and ∠BEC = 50° .Find ∠AEB, ∠D AND ∠DAE.

50
 Ans: 35°, 30°, 35°
(14) In the given circle with centre O, ∠POQ = 60°, and ∠QSR = 70°. find ∠OQR.

Ans: 80°
(15) ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral. Diameter AB is parallel to DC and ∠ADC = 105°,
find ∠ABC and ∠ACD

Ans: 75°, 15°

(16) ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral. ∠BAO = 20° and ∠BCO = 15° ,Find ∠AOC and ∠ADC.

Ans: 70° , 140°

(17) PQRS is a cyclic quadrilateral in the circle with centre O. ∠PQS = 48°, ∠SQR = 40°,and
PS|| QR. Find ∠SRQ and ∠OSR.

51
 Ans: 88° , 50°
(18) ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral in the circle with centre O.OD|| BC, ∠DAB = 55°, FIND
(i) ∠BCD (ii) ∠BOD (iii) ∠OBD (iv) ∠BDC

Ans: 125°, 110°, 35°, 20°

(19) Arc RS subtends 42° angle at the centre O in the given figure. PR and QS extended meet at a point
T. Find ∠RQS and ∠RTQ.

Ans: 21°,69°
(20) In the given circle,O is the centre. Chord PQ is extended to meet SO extended at R. ∠PRS = 20°,
QR = OS. Find ∠POS.

Ans: 60°
(21) Two circles intersect at points P and Q. ∠ABD = 78 . find ∠CAP, hence prove that AC || BD.

52
 Ans: 102°
(22) O is the centre of the circle, AB =20 cm, AC = 12 cm, if CM = MB, calculate the length of the
OM and BM.

Ans: 6 cm , 8 cm
(23) O is the centre of the smaller circle. The two circles are intersecting at A and B. ADC is a
streght line. and ∠AOB = 140°, Find ∠ADB, ∠C, ∠DBC.

Ans: 110°,40°,70°

(24) Side CB of cyclic quadrilateral BCDE is extended to a point A. ∠ABE = 110°, ∠BCE = 35°
, ∠CED = 25° .Find ∠DCE AND ∠CMD.

Ans: 45° , 60°

(25) ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral. AB and DC are produced to meet at E, BC = BE. ∠CBE = 80°,
∠DBC = 28°, find ∠BDC, ∠DAC AND ∠BAC.

53
 Ans: 22°,28°,22°
(26) ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral in the circle with centre O. ∠ABC = 55°, ∠DAC = 28°.FIND
∠ACB, ∠ADC, ∠P.

Ans: 35°, 125°, 7°

(27) PQRS is a cyclic quadrilateral .PS and QR are extended to meet at point T.Find x and y if
∠P = 4x, ∠SRQ = 6x, ∠RST = 2x, ∠T = y.

Ans: 18°, 72°

(28) O is the centre of the circle. AB || DC , ∠ABD = 26° , Find ∠DAB , ∠DEC.

Ans: 64°, 38°

(29) AB is a diameter of the given circle. ∠AEC = 40°, ∠BCE = 22°. Find ∠ABD and ∠BDE.

54
 Ans: 68°, 72°
(30) AB is a diameter of the semicircle. Chord DC is parallel to AB. ∠PCB = 64. find the angles
marked x and y.

Ans: 64°, 26°

(31) Two circles with centres O and P intersect at B and D. ABC is a straight line. Prove that
∠AOD = ∠DPC.

(32) In the given circle, ∠DBC = 37°. BD is a diameter of the circle, calculate:
(i) ∠BDC (ii) ∠BEC (iii) ∠BAC

Ans: 53°,127°,53°
(33) O is the centre of the semicircle. AD = DC. If ∠DAB = 70°, find ∠BCD, ∠ABD, and ∠ABC

Ans: 110°, 20°, 40°

55
(34) O is the centre of the circle and AB is a diameter .If AC = BD and ∠AOC = 72° ,find
(i) ∠ABC (ii) ∠BAD (iii) ∠ABD

ANS: 36°, 36°, 54°

(35) O is the centre of the incircle of quadrilateral ABCD and AB ⊥ CD. If PD = 36 cm, CD = 44 cm
and BC = 15 cm, find the radius of the circle.

Ans: BR = 7 cm
(36) In the circle with centre O, AT and BT are tangents. IF ∠T = 70°, find ∠AOB, ∠APB, ∠AQB,
∠TAB.

Ans: 110°, 55°, 125°, 55°

(37) In the circle, O is the centre and AB is a tangent to it at B. ∠BDC =58°. find ∠BAO.

Ans: 26°
(38) AD, AE and BC are tangents to the given circle at D, E and P res. find the perimeter of ΔABC if

56
 AD = 15 cm.

Ans: 30 cm
(39) In the given semicircle with centre O, tangents drawn at point D meets AB produced at C,
given ∠DAB = 28°, calculate ∠DBA, ∠C and ∠BDC.

Ans: 62°, 34°, 28°

(40) In the circle with centre O, TP and TQ are tangents from T. If ∠PTQ =70°, find ∠POQ, ∠OPQ
and ∠TPQ.

Ans: 110°, 35°, 55°

(41) AB is a diameter of the circle with centre O. BT is a tangent . AC produced meets tangent BT at
T.If ∠ABC = 38°, find ∠T.

Ans: 38°
(42) A circle with centre O is inscribed in ΔABC , where ∠A = 50° and ∠B = 70° .if the circle touches
the sides of Δ at P, Q and R , find ∠POQ, and ∠QOR.

57
 Ans: 110°, 120°
(43) In the figure, O is the centre of the circle and AB is a tangent to it at point B. ∠BDC = 65°. find
∠BAO.

Ans: 40°
(44) Tangents at X and Z intersect at T. given O is the centre. ∠XTZ = 80°, ∠XOY = 140°,
calculate ∠ZXY.

Ans: 60°
(45) In the figure, tangent drawn at D of the semicircle ADB with centre O meets AB produced at
C. given ∠DAB = 36, calculate : ∠DBA , ∠C , ∠BDC

Ans: 54°, 18°, 36°

(46) BC , AD and AE are tangents to the circle. if AD = 12 cm, find the perimeter of ΔABC.

58
 Ans: 24 cm
(47) ABC is a right traingle with ∠B = 90°, AB = 9 cm, and BC = 12 cm, find the radius of incircle
of the traingle.

Ans; 3 cm
(48) In ΔPQR , PQ = 7 cm, QR = 8 cm and PR = 5 cm, a circle is inscribed. if S is the point of contact
of circle with side QR, find the length of QS.

Ans: 5 cm
(49) A circle is inscribed in quadrilateral ABCD touching the sides at P, Q, R and S res. If PB =
25 cm, ∠D =90°, BC = 33 cm and CD = 15 cm, find the radius of the incircle.

Ans: 7 cm
(50) In the given figure, TP and TQ are two tangents to the circle with centre O, touching at A and C
res. if ∠BCQ = 55° and ∠BAP = 60°, find :
(i) ∠OBA (ii) ∠OBC (iii) ∠AOC (iv) ∠ATC

59
 Ans: 30°,35°,130°,50°
(51) AT and BT are tangents to the circle with centre O. C and D are points on the circle. ∠TAD =32°
and ∠TBD = 28°, find ∠ACB, ∠ADB, ∠AOB, ∠ATB.

Ans: 60°,120°,120°,60°
(52) PT touches a circle with centre O at R. Diameter SQ when produced meets PT at P. If ∠SPR =x°
and ∠QRP = y°, show that x° + 2y° = 90°.

(53) AB is a diameter and AC is a chord of a circle such that ∠BAC =30°. the tangent at C intersects
AB produced at D. Prove that BC = BD.

(54) In the given figure, ∠CAD = 38° and ∠D = 102°. CT is a tangent to the circle with centre O. Find
the angles x , y and ∠OAC.

60
 Ans: 38°, 78°, 12°
(55) In the circle with centre O, chords AB and CD intersect externally at P and PT is a tangent to
the circle at T. If PB = 12 cm, AB = 15 cm and DP = 6 cm , find the lengths of :
(i) PT (ii) radius

Ans: 18 cm , 24 cm
(56) Chords AB and CD intersect at P. AP = 3 cm, CD = 10 cm and PB = 8 cm. find the length of
CP.

Ans: 4 cm or 6 cm
(57) PM is a tangent to the circle and PA = AM. Prove that
(i) PMB is isosceles (ii) PA . PB = MB2
(iii) Find MB if PA = 6 cm and AB = 7.5 cm

Ans: 9 cm
(58) Chords AC and BD intersect at E. Prove that ΔAEB~Δ DEC. Find : CD and BE

Ans: 7.5 cm , 4 cm
(59) In the given circle, chords DB and EC intersect externally at A.
(i) prove that ΔABC~Δ AED.

61
 (ii) if AB = 4 cm, DB = 6 cm, AC = 5 cm and BC = 4.5 cm, find EC and DE.

Ans: 3 cm , 9 cm
(60)A circle with centre O. diameter PQ and a chord PS is drawn. another circle is drawn with PO
as diameter to cut PS at R. Prove that SQ = 2RO.

(61) P and Q are centres of the circles with radii 9 cm and 6 cm, AB = 12 cm . find the lengths of
PQ and BC.

Ans: 25 cm, 8 cm
(62) Chords BA and CD are extended to meet at P. If AB = 5 cm, AP = 3 cm, DP = 4 cm, find CD.

Ans: 2 cm
(63)Tangent to the circle at T and chord RQ extended meet at point P. If PQ = 4.5 cm and QR = 13.5
cm , find the length of tangent PT.

Ans: 9 cm

62
(64) In the given figure, chords AB and CD intersect at M. If AM = 4 cm, MB = 9 cm and CD = 15 cm
, find the length of CM.

Ans:3 cm or 12 cm
(65) PQT and PR are tangents to the circle. if ∠QPR = 38°, ∠PRS = 111°, find ∠TQS.

Ans: 40°
(66) ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral. AT is a tangent. ∠ABC = 112°, ∠BAT = 38°. find ∠ADC , ∠CAB.

Ans: 68°, 30°

(67) ΔABC is inscribed in a circle. AB = AC. BT is a tangent so that ∠CBT = 42°. find ∠ACB.

Ans: 69°
(68) ATP is a tangent to the circle with centre O. ABC is a straight line ∠TAB = 55°, ∠PTD = 30°,
find ∠TCD, ∠OCB, ∠BOC.

63
 Ans: 30°,35°,110°
(69) ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral in the circle with centre O. ST is a tangent. ∠OBD = 25° AND
∠CBT = 30°. find ∠BOD, ∠BAD, ∠BCD, ∠BDC.

Ans: 130°,65°,115°,30°
(70) ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral in the circle with centre O. PDQ is a tangent with ∠CDQ = 40°, and
∠ACB = 52°. find ∠ACD and ∠BAC.

Ans: 50°,38°
(71) AB is a tangent to the circle at Q. PQRS is a cyclic quadrilateral . if ∠PSQ = 38°, ∠PQR= 110° ,find
∠QPR, ∠PQA, ∠RQB.

Ans: 32°,38°,32°
(72) ΔABC is inscribed in a circle. TC is a tangent to the circle. O is the centre of the circle. if
∠ADC = 35°, find ∠ABC, ∠ACT, ∠BAC.

64
 Ans: 35°,35°,55°
(73) PQ is a common tangent to the circles intersecting at A and B . Write down the measure of
(∠PAQ + ∠PBQ). Justify the answer.

(74) Two circles intersect at A and B . TP and TQ are tangents to the two circles. prove that TP = TQ.

(75) ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral . PC is a tangent at C. ∠DCP = 40° and ∠DCA = 65°. find angles
marked x , y and z.

Ans: 40°,35°,105°
(76) ΔABC is inscribed in a circle. TB and TC are tangents to the circle. AB || CT and ∠T = 40°. find
∠ACB.

Ans: 40°
65
(77) ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral. TA and TC are tangents. ∠BCT = 20° and ∠BAT = 35°, find ∠ADC,
∠AOC, ∠ABC, ∠ATC.

Ans:55°,110°,125°,70°
(78) PQRS is a cyclic quadrilateral. RT is a tangent, ∠PQR = 80° and ∠SRT = 50°. find the angles of
ΔPSR.

Ans: 50°,100°,30°
(79) ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral. SDT is a tangent. ∠ABD = 50°, ∠DBC = 35°. find ∠ADC, ∠ADS,
∠CDT, ∠ADO.

Ans: 95°,50°,35°,40°
(80) AB is a diameter of the circle. TS is a tangent to the circle at C and O is the centre. ∠ACT = 48°.
find ∠A, ∠B, ∠BOC.

Ans: 42°,48°,84°

66
(81) ABC is a transverse common tangent to the two circles with centres O and P.
(i) prove that ΔOAB~ΔPCB.
(ii) if the radii are 6 cm, 4.5 cm and BC = 6 cm, find the length of AB.

Ans: 8 cm
(82) In the given circle with diameter AB ,find the value of x.

Ans: 60°
(83) In the given figure, alongside O is the centre of the circle and ∠AOC=160°. prove that
3∠y – 2∠x = 140°.

(84) In the given figure, AB is a diameter. The tangent at C meets AB produced at Q. If ∠CAB = 34°,
find : (i)∠CBA (ii) ∠CQA

Ans: 56°, 22°

(85) In the given figure, ∠ACE=43°, and ∠CAF=62°, find the values of a, b, c.

67
 Ans: 105°,13°,62°
(86) In the figure given below, PQ = QR, ∠RQP = 68, PC and CQ are tangentsto the circle with centre
O. Calculate the values of: (i) ∠QOP (ii) ∠QCP

Ans: 112°, 68°

(87) In the given figure, AB is parallel to DC , ∠BCE = 80° and ∠BAC = 25°.
Find : (i) ∠CAD (ii) ∠CBD (iii) ∠ADC

Ans: 55°,55°,100°
(88) In the figure given below, AB = 7 cm , and BC = 9 cm .
(I) prove that ΔACD ~ ΔDCB
(ii) find the length of CD.

Ans: 12 cm
(89) In the given figure, O is the centre of the circle, Tangents at A and B meet at C. if ∠ACO = 30°,
find : ∠BCO , ∠AOB , ∠APB

68
 Ans: 30°,120°,60°
(90) ABC is a triangle with AB = 10 cm, BC = 8 cm and AC = 6 cm (not drawn to scale) .Three
circles are drawn touching each other with the vertices as centres. find the radii of the three circles.

Ans: 2 cm, 4 cm, 6 cm

(91) In triangle PQR, PQ = 24 cm, QR = 7 cm and ∠PQR = 90°, find the radius of the inscribed circles.

Ans: 3 cm
(92) In the given circle with centre O, ∠ABC = 100°, ∠ACD = 40° and CT is a tangent to the circle at C.
find ∠ADC and ∠DCT.

Ans: 80° , 60°

(93) In the given figure, ∠BAD = 65°, ∠ABD = 70°, ∠BDC = 45°,

69
 (i) prove that AC is a diameter of the circle.
(ii) Find ∠ACB.

Ans: 45°

(94) In the figure given below, diameter AB and chord CD of a circle meet at P. PT is a tangent to the
circle at P. CD = 7.8 cm, PD = 5 cm, PB = 4 cm ,find:
(i) AB (ii) the length of tangent PT.

Ans: 12 cm, 8 cm
(95) In the given figure AD is a diameter O is the center of the circle. AD is parallel to BC and
∠CBD=32°
FIND: (i) ∠OBD (ii) ∠AOB (iii) ∠BED

Ans: 32° , 64°, 58°

(96) IN the given figure, PQ is a tangent to the circle at A. AB and AD are bisector of ∠CAQ and ∠PAC.
if ∠BAQ = 30°. prove that :
(i) BD is a diameter of the circle
(ii) ABC is an isosceles triangle.

70
(97) PQRS is a cyclic quadrilateral .given ∠QPS = 73°, ∠PQS = 55°, ∠PSR = 82°. calculate:
(i) ∠QRS (ii) ∠RQS (iii) ∠PRQ

Ans: 107°, 43°, 52°

(98) In the given figure, AC is a tangent to the circle with centre O. If ∠ADB = 55°, find x and y. give
reason for your answer.

ANS: 20°, 70°

(99) In the given figure, ABCDE is a pentagon inscribed in a circle such that AC is a diameter and
side BC || AE. If ∠BAC = 50°, find giving reasons.
(i) ∠ACB (ii) ∠EDC (iii) ∠BEC. hence, prove that BE is also a diameter.

Ans: 40°, 140°, 50°

(100) IN the given figure, AB = 9 cm, PA = 7.5 cm and PC = 5 cm. chords AD and BC intersect at P.
(i) prove that ΔPAB ~ΔPCD
(ii) find the length of CD

Ans: 6 cm

71
 CONSTRUCTION
(1) Draw a circle of radius 2.5 cm. Mark a point P at a distance of 6.5 cm from the centre of the circle.

Draw two tangent to the circle from P and measure the length of each.

(2) Draw a circle of radius 4 cm. Draw a two tangents to this circle so that the angle between the

tangents is 60°.

(3) Using a ruler and compass only, construct a triangle ABC such that AB = 5 cm, ABC = 75° and

the radius of the circumcircle of triangle ABC is 3.5 cm.

(4) Construct a triangle ABC in which base BC = 6 cm, AB = 5.5 cm and ∠ABC = 120°.

(i) construct a circle circumscribing the triangle ABC.

(ii) Draw a cyclic quadrilateral ABCD so that D is equidistant from B and C.

(5) Construct a ΔABC with BC = 6.5 cm, AB = 5.5 cm, AC = 5 cm. construct the incircle of the triangle.

measure and record the radius of the circle.

(6) Construct a regular hexagon of side 5 cm. Construct a circle circumscribing the hexagon. All

traces of construction must be clearly shown.

(7) Draw a line AB = 5 cm. Mark a paint C on AB such that AC = 3 cm. Using a ruler and a compass

only, construct :

(i) A circle of radius 2.5 cm, passing through A and C.

(ii) Construct two tangents to the circle from the external point B. Measure and record the length

of the tangent

(8) Use ruler and compass only for answering this question.

Draw a circle of radius 4 cm. mark the centre as O. Mark a point P outside the circle at a distance
of 7 cm from the centre. Construct two tangents to the circle from the external point P. Measure
and write down the length of any one tangent.
(9) Using ruler and compass construct a triangle ABC where AB = 3 cm, BC = 4 cm, ABC = 90°.

hence, construct a circle circumscribing the triangle ABC. Measure and write down the radius
of the circle.

72
 AREA AND VOLUME OF SOLIDS
(1) Find the volume and curved surface area of a solid cylinder of height 20 cm and radius of the base
3.5 cm.
Ans; 770 cm3 , 440 cm2
(2) The curved surface area of a cylinder is 3850 cm2 and the circumference of the base is 220
cm .Calculate:
(i) the height (ii) the volume of the cylinder.
Ans:17.5, 67375 cm3
(3) A hollow tube open at both ends is made of a metal and is 4 cm thick. If the external radius is 40
cm and the length of the tube is 70 cm, find its volume of the metal in the tube.
Ans: 66880 cm3
(4) The diameter of a garden roller is 2.1 m and its width is 3 m. what is the area covered by it in 10
revolutions?

Ans: 198 m2
(5) A paper label 22 cm by 10 cm completely covers the curved surface of a tin of beans. find the volume
of the tin.

Ans: 385 cm3

(6) A cylinder filled completely has 7392 cm3 in volume. When it is filled 2 cm less from the top,
its volume becomes 6160 cm3. Find its radius and height.
Ans: 14 , 12 cm
(7) How many cylindrical glasses 3 cm in radius and 5 cm deep can be filled with fruit juice from a
full cylindrical jug of radius 5 cm and 18 cm deep?
Ans: 10
(8) A solid cylinder 8 cm long and of 3.5 cm radius is melted to form a hollow cylinder of external
radius 4 cm and 1 cm thickness. What is the length of the hollow cylinder?
Ans: 14 cm
(9) A metal cuboid of dimensions 5 cm x 4.4 cm x 3.5cm is submerged in a cylinder of base radius 7
cm containing some water. Find the rise in the level of water in the cylinder.

73
 Ans: 0.5 cm
(10) Earth taken out on digging a circular tank of diameter 8 m is spread all around the tank uniformly
to a width of 1 m to form an embankment of height 3 m .calculate the depth of the circular tank
correct to 2 decimal place.

Ans :1.69 m
(11) The radius and the height of a cone are 6 cm and 8 cm respectively. Find the curved surface area
and volume of the cone.[Take 𝜋 = 3.14]
Ans: 188.4 cm2 , 301.44 cm3
(12) The total surface area of a cone is 200 𝜋 cm2 and the slant height is 17 cm .find
(i) the radius of the cone (ii) the volume of the cone in terms of 𝜋
Ans: 8 cm, 320 𝜋 cm3
(13) The volume of a conical tent is 1232 m3 and the area of the floor is 154 m2.
calculate the :
(i) radius of the base (ii) height of the tent
(iii) length of canvas required to cover the tent if the width is 2
Ans: 7 m, 24 m, 275 m
1
(14) An inverted cone is filled with water. When a cube is dropped into it, of water from the
11
cone overflows. Find the length of the cube if radius of the cone is 18 cm and height is 7 cm.
Ans: 6 cm
(15) The surface area of a sphere is 2464 cm2. find its radius and volume.
Ans: 14 cm, 11498.67 cm3
(16) The volume of a sphere is 38808 cm3. Find its radius and surface area.
Ans: 21 cm, 5544 cm2
(17) A solid cylinder of radius 3 cm and height 8 cm is melted and formed into a cone of radius 6 cm.
find the height of the cone.

74
 Ans: 6 cm
(18) A hollow sphere of internal and external radii 6 cm and 8 cm respectively, is melted and recast into
small cones of base radius 2 cm and height 8 cm. Find the number of cones.
Ans: 37
(19) A hemispherical bowl of diameter 7.2 cm is filled completely with chocolate sauce. This sauce is
poured into an inverted cone of radius 4.8 cm and if it is completely filled. Find the height of the
cone .
Ans: 4.05 cm
(20) The diameter of a sphere is 6 cm. It is melted and drawn into a cylindrical wire of diameter 4 mm.
find The length of the wire in metres.
Ans: 72 m
(21) An exhibition tent is in the form of a cylinder surmounted by a cone. The height of the tent above
the ground is 85 m and height of the cylindrical part is 50 m. If the diameter of the base is 168 m,
find the quantity of canvas required to make the tent. Allow 20% extra for folding and for stitching.
Give your answer to the nearest m2.

Ans: 60509 m2
(22) A cone of radius 3.5 cm and height 8 cm is filled with ice-cream with a hemispherical topping.
find the volume of the ice-cream.

Ans: 192.5 cm3

(23) A cylindrical can of internal diameter 12 cm contains some water. when a solid sphere Of diameter 9
cm is placed in it,it is completely immersed. find a rise in water level, if no water overflows.

Ans: 3.375 cm

75
(24) A vessel is in the form of an inverted cone. Its height is 8 cm and the radius of its top, is 5 cm. It is
filled with water up to the rim. When marbles of radius 0.5 cm are dropped into the vessel, 2 of
7

the water overflows. Find the number of marbles dropped in the vessel.
ANS: 56
(25) The surface area of a solid metallic sphere is 5024 cm2. it is melted and recast into solid cones of
radius 5cm and height 10 cm. calculate: (i) the radius of the sphere (ii) the number of cones recast
(take 𝜋 = 3.14)
Ans: 20 cm, 128
(26) The surface area of a solid metallic sphere is 1256 cm2. it is melted and recast into solid right
circular cones of radius 2.5 cm and height 8 cm. calculate:
(i) the radius of the solid sphere,
(ii) the number of cones recast. (take 𝜋 = 3.14)
Ans: 10 cm, 80
(27) A hollow sphere of internal and external diameters 4 cm and 8 cm res. is melted into a cone of
base diameter 8 cm. find the height of the cone.
Ans: 14 cm
(28) A vessel is in the form of an inverted cone. Its height is 11 cm and the radius of its top, which is
open,is 2.5 cm. It is filled with water up to the rim. When lead shots, each of which is a sphere of
radius 0.25 cm are dropped into the vessel, 2 of the water flows out. Find the number of lead
shots dropped in the vessel.
Ans: 440
(29) A girl fills a cylindrical bucket 32 cm in height and 18 cm in radius with sand .She empties the
bucket on the ground and makes a conical heap of the sand .If the height of the conical heap is
24 cm. find: (i) its radius (ii) its slant height.(leave your answer in square root form)

Ans: 36 cm, √1872 or 12√13

(30) A metallic sphere of radius 10.5 cm is melted and then recast into small cones , each of radius 3.5
cm and height 3 cm. find the number of cones thus obtained.
Ans:126
(31) A vessel, in the form of an inverted cone, is filled with water to the brim. Its height is 20 cm and
diameter is 16.8 cm. Two equal solid cones are dropped in it so that they are fully submerged. As a
result, one-third of the water in the original cone overflows. What is the volume of each of the solid
cones submerged ?
Ans: 246.4 cm3
(32) The surface area of a sold metallic sphere is 616 cm2. it is melted and recast into smaller spheres

76
 of diameter 3.5 cm. how many such spheres can be obtained?
Ans: 64
(33) In the given figure a hemisphere is surmounted by a conical block of wood .The diameter of their
bases is 6 cm each and the slant height is 5 cm . Find : (i) height. (ii)the volume.

Ans: 4 cm, 94.2 cm3

(34) A solid cone of radius 5 cm and height 8 cm is melted and made into small spheres of radius 0.5 cm.
find the number of spheres formed.
Ans: 400
(35) A solid sphere of radius 15 cm is melted and made into solid right circular cones of radius 2.5 cm.
and height 8 cm. find the number of cones recast.
Ans: 270
(36) The surface area of a solid metallic sphere is 2464 cm2. it is melted and recast into solid right
circular cones of radius 3.5 cm and height 7 cm. calculate:
(i) the radius of the sphere, (ii) the number of cones recast. (take 𝜋 = 22)
7

Ans: 14 cm, 128

(37) Two solid spheres of radii 2 cm and 4 cm are melted and recast into a cone of height 8 cm. find the
radius of the cone so formed.
Ans: 6 cm
(38) A certain number of metallic cones, each of radius 2 cm and height 3 cm are melted and recast into
a solid sphere of radius 6 cm. find the number of cones.
Ans: 72
(39) A conical tent is so accommodate 77 persons. each person must have 16 m3 of air to breathe. given
the radius of the tent as 7 m, find the height of the tent and also its curved surface area.
Ans: 24 m ,550 m2
(40)The following figures represents a solid consisting of a right circular cylinder with a hemisphere at
one end and a cone at the other. their common radius is 7 cm. the height of the cylinder and cone
are each of 4 cm. find the volume of the solid.

77
 Ans: 1540 cm3
(41) A hemispherical and a conical hole is scooped out of a solid wooden cylinder. find the volume of
the remaining solid where the measurement are as follows:
the height of the solid cylinder is 7 cm, radius of each of hemisphere, cone and cylinder is 3 cm.
height of cone is 3 cm. give your answer correct to the nearest whole number . (take 𝜋 = 22)

Ans: 113 cm3

(42) A solid metallic sphere of radius 6 cm is melted and made into a solid cylinder of height 32 cm.
find the : (i) radius of the cylinder
(ii) curved surface area of the cylinder . (take 𝜋 = 3.14)
Ans: 3 cm, 595.2 cm2
(43) A solid spherical ball of radius 6 cm is melted and recast into 64 identical spherical marbles. find
the radius of each marble.
Ans: 1.5 cm
(44) From a solid wooden cylinder of height 28 cm and diameter 6 cm, two conical cavities are
hollowed out. the diameter of the cones are also of 6 cm and height 10.5 cm. taking 𝜋 = 22 ,
7

find the volume of the remaining solid.

Ans: 594 cm3

78
 TRIGNOMETRY
PROVE THAT :
3𝐴
(1) 𝑠𝑖𝑛 + sin A . cos A = tan a
cos 𝐴

𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝐴
(2) 𝑐𝑜𝑡2𝐴 −cos² 𝐴 = tan² A

(3) (cosec A – sin A) (sec A – cos A) = 1

tan 𝐴+cot 𝐴

𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝜃
(4) tan 𝜃+cot 𝜃 = cos 𝜃
cos 𝜃
(5) 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝜃 +1 cos 𝜃
+
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝜃−1
= 2 tan 𝜃

cos 𝐴 1+sin𝐴
(6) 1+sin 𝐴 + = 2 sec A
cos 𝐴

cos 𝐴 sin 𝐴
(7) 1−tan 𝐴 + = cos A + sin A
1−cot 𝐴

sin 𝜃−2 𝑠𝑖𝑛3𝜃

(8) 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠³ 𝜃−cos 𝜃 = tan 𝜃

(9) 2 + tan² A + cot ² A = 1

𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝐴−sin⁴ 𝐴

cot² 𝐴
(10) (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝐴+1)² = 1−cos 𝐴
1+sin 𝐴

1−sin 𝐴 cos 𝐴
(11) √ =
1+sin 𝐴 1+sin 𝐴

sec 𝐴−1 1− cos 𝐴

(12) √ =
sec 𝐴+1 sin 𝐴

2A − sin2𝐵
(13) tan² A - tan² B = sin
cos2 𝐴. 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝐵

tan2A (cosec 𝐴 −1) cosec2 𝐴 (cos 𝐴−1)

(14) + =0
(cos 𝐴+1) (cosec 𝐴+1)

1+tan 𝐴 1+ cot 𝐴
(15) sin 𝐴 + = 2 (sec A + cosec A)
cos 𝐴

(16) (1 + sin 𝜃)² + (1 – cos 𝜃)² = 3 + 2 (sin 𝜃 + cos 𝜃)

1 1
(17) + = 2 sec² 𝜃
1+sin 𝜃 1−sin 𝜃

1 1 2
(18) + =
sec 𝜃−tan 𝜃 sec 𝜃+tan 𝜃 cos 𝜃

𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑡2𝜃
(19) 1+𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝜃 + =1
1+𝑐𝑜𝑡2𝜃

(20) sec² 𝜃 + cosec² 𝜃 = sec² 𝜃. cosec² 𝜃

79
 sin 𝜃−cos 𝜃 1−cot 𝜃
(21) =
sin 𝜃+cos 𝜃 1+cot 𝜃

1−cos 𝐴
(22) √ = cosec A – cot A
1+cos 𝐴

1−cos 𝐴 sin 𝐴
(23) √ =
1+cos 𝐴 1+cos 𝐴

cos 𝐴 cos 𝐴
(24) 1−sin 𝐴 + = 2 sec A
1+ sin 𝐴
tan 𝐴
(25) sec 𝐴−1 tan 𝐴
+ = 2 cosec A
sec 𝐴+1

(26) sin 𝐴.tan 𝐴 = 1 + sec A

1+cos 𝐴
2𝐴−1
(27) cot A - tan A = 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠
sin 𝐴. cos 𝐴

(28) 1 - sin² 𝐴
= cos A
1+cos 𝐴
2
(29) 1 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝐴
= sec A
sec 𝐴+1

(30) (sin A + cosec A)² + (cos A + sec A)² = 7 + tan² A + cot² A

cosec 𝐴−1 1− sin 𝐴

(31) √ =
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝐴+1 cos 𝐴

cot 𝐴 cot 𝐴
(32) cosec 𝐴−1 + = 2 sec A
cosec 𝐴+1
cot 𝐴
(33) 1+sin 𝐴
=
(cosec 𝐴−1) 1−sin 𝐴

(34) sin⁴ 𝜃 - cos⁴ 𝜃 = 1 – 2 cos² 𝜃

(35) sin³ 𝐴 + sin A. cos A = tan A

cos 𝐴

(36) (cosec A – sin A) = (sec A – cos A) = 1

𝑡𝑎𝑛𝐴−cot 𝐴

(37) (sec A + cos A) (sec A – cos A) = tan² A + sin² A

sec 𝐴
(38) cot 𝐴−tan 𝐴 = sin A
𝑐𝑜𝑠3𝐴+𝑠𝑖𝑛3𝐴 𝑐𝑜𝑠3𝐴−𝑠𝑖𝑛3𝐴
(39) + =2
cos 𝐴+sin 𝐴 cos 𝐴−sin 𝐴

cos 𝜃+sin 𝜃 cos 𝜃−sin 𝜃 2

(40) + =
cos 𝜃−sin 𝜃 cos 𝜃+sin 𝜃 1−2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜃

tan² 𝜃 1
(41) 1 + =
sec 𝜃+1 cos 𝜃

(42) √𝑠𝑒𝑐2𝜃 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐2𝜃 = tan 𝜃 + cot 𝜃 = sec 𝜃. cosec 𝜃

80
(43) (sin 𝜃 + cos 𝜃) (tan 𝜃 + cot 𝜃) = sec 𝜃 + cosec 𝜃

(44) sin A (1 + tan A) + cos A (1 + cot A) = sec A + cosec A

𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝐴 1+cos 𝐴
(45) (sec 𝐴−1)² =
1−cos 𝐴

(46) (cosec 𝜃 + sin 𝜃) (sec 𝜃 – cos 𝜃) (tan 𝜃 + cot 𝜃) = 1

(47) (1 + cot 𝜃) – cosec 𝜃) (1 + tan 𝜃 + sec 𝜃) = 2

(48) (sin 𝜃 + cos 𝜃) (tan 𝜃 + cot 𝜃) = sec 𝜃 + cosec 𝜃

1+cos 𝐴 𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝐴
(49) =
1−cos 𝐴 (sec 𝐴−1)²

(50) sec² A. cosec² A = tan² A + cot² A + 2

(51) sec 𝐴−tan 𝐴 = 1 – 2sec A + tan A + 2 tan² A

sec 𝐴+tan 𝐴

(52) (1 + tan A. tan B)² + (tan A – tan B)² = sec² A. sec² B

(53) 2 sin² A + cos⁴ A = 1 + sin⁴ A

(54) (tan A + 1 )² + (tan A - 1 1+𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝐴

)² = 2 [ ]
cos 𝐴 cos 𝐴 1−𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝐴

(55) sec⁴ A [1 - sin⁴ A] – 2 tan² A = 1

(𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝐴−cot 𝐴)² +1
(56) sec 𝐴 (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝐴−cot 𝐴) = 2 cot A

(57) (1 + tan² A) + (1 + 1 )= 1
𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝐴 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝐴−sin⁴ 𝐴

81
 HEIGHT AND DISTANCES
(1) A tower is 30 m high. A man standing at some distance from the tower observes that the angle of
elevation of the top of the tower is 60°. how far is he from the foot of the tower?
Ans: 17.32 m
(2) From the top of a tower , a guard is watching a prisoner on the ground at an angle of depression of
36°. if the height of the tower is 100 m, how far is the prisoner from the foot of the tower?
Ans: 137.6 m

(3) A man stands at a point A on the bank of a river and looks at the top of a tree exactly opposite to
him on the other bank and finds that the angle of elevation of the top of the tree is 60°, when he
moves 50 m away from the bank, he finds the angle of elevation to be 30°, calculate:
(i) the width of the river (ii) the height of the tree
Ans :25 m , 43.3 m
(4) A man on the top of a tower observes a car moving at a uniform speed towards it. if it takes 12
minutes for the angle of depression to change from 30° to 45°, how soon will the car reach the tower?
give the answer correct to nearest second.
Ans: 16 minutes 24 seconds
(5) From the top of a church spire which is 96 m high, the angles of depression of 2 cars on the road on

the same side of the church are x° and y° when tan x° = 3 and tan y° = 1 . find the distance between
4 3

the cars.
ANS: 160 m

(6) From the top of building AB if the top of building CD is observed, the angle of elevation of the top
C is 30° and the angle of depression of the foot D is 60°. if the height of AB is 18 m, find
(i) the height of CD (ii) the distance between AB and CD.
Ans: 24 m , 10.392 m
(7) From the top of a tower 60 m high, the angles of depression of the top and bottom of a building are
observed to be 30° and 60° res. find the height of the building and the distance between them.
Ans: 40 m , 34.64 m

(8) Two lamp posts of equal height are standing opposite to each other on each side of a road, which
is 80 m wide. from a point between them on the road, the angle of elevation of the top of the posts
are 60° and 30° res. find the height of the lamp posts and the distance of the point from the lamp posts.
Ans: 34.64 m, 20 m

82
(9) There is a coconut tree on the bank of a river. from a boat 5 m above water, the angle of elevation of
the top of the tree is 45° and the angle of depression of reflection of tree top is 60°. find the height
of the tree.
Ans: 18.66 m
(10)When a building under construction was observed from a point P 120 m from its base, the angle
of elevation of the top was 30°. after its completion when it was again observed from the same point,
the angle changed to 60°. how much higher was the building raised, from the time it was first
observed?
Ans: 138.56 m

(11) From the top of a hill, the angle of depression of two consecutive kilometre stones, due east are

found to be 30° and 45° res. find the distance of the two stones from the foot of the hill.
Ans: C = 1366 m , D = 2366 m
(12) A vertical tower is 20 m high. A man standing at some distance from the tower knows that the

cosine of the angle of elevation of the top of the tower is 0.53. how far is he standing from the foot
of the tower?
Ans.12.5 m
(13) A man standing on the bank of a river observes that the angle of elevation of a tree on the opposite
bank is 60°. When he moves 50 m away from the bank, he finds the angle of elevation to be 30°.
Calculate :
(a) the width of the river
(b) the height of the tree.
Ans. (a) 25 m; (b) 43.3 m
(14) Two people standing on the same side of a tower in a straight line with it, measure the angels
of elevation of the top of the tower as 25° and 50°respectivly. If the height of the tower is 70 m,
find the distance between the two people.
Ans. 91.4 m
(15) From the top of a cliff 92 m high, the angle of depression of a buoy is 20°. Calculate to the
nearest metre, the distance of the buoy from the foot of the cliff.
Ans. 253 m
(16) A vertical pole and a vertical tower are on the same level ground. From the top of the pole the
angle of elevation of the top of the tower is 60° and the angle of depression of the foot of the
tower is 30°. find the height of the tower if the height of the pole is 20 m.
Ans. 80 m

83
(17) From two points A and B on the same side of a building, the angles of elevation of the top
of the building are 30° and 60° respectively. If the height of the building is 10 m, find the
distance between A and B correct to two decimal places.
Ans. 11.55 m
(18) From the top of a light house 100 m high the angles of depression of two ships on opposite sides
of it are 48° and 36° respectivley. Find the distance between the two ships to the nearest metre.

Ans. 228 m
(19) A man observes the angle of elevation of the top of a building to be 30°. He walks towards it
in horizontal line through its base. On covering 60 m, the angle of elevation changes to 60°. Find
the height of the building to the nearest metre.
Ans. 52 m
(20) As observed from the top of a 80 m tall lighthouse, the angles of depression of two ships on the
same side of the light house in horizontal line with its base are 30° and 40° respectively. Find
the distance between the two ships. Give your answer correct to the nearest metre.
Ans. 43 m
(21) An aeroplane at an altitude of 250 m observes the angle of depression of two boats on the
opposite banks of a river to be 45° and 60° respecgively. Find the width of the river. Write the
answer correct to the nearest whole number.
Ans. 394 m
(22) The horizontal distance between two towers is 120 m. The angle of elevation of the top and angle
of depression of the bottom of the first tower as observed from the second tower is 30° and 24° res.

Find the height of the two towers. Give your answer correct to 3 significant figures.
Ans. 123 m, 53.4 m
(23) An aeroplane at an altitude of 1500 metres finds that two ships are sailing towards it in the
same direction. The angles of depression as observed from the aeroplane are 45° and 30° res.
Find the distance between the two ships.
Ans.1098 m

84
(24) The angles of depression of two ships A and B as observed from the top of a light house 60 m high
are 60°and 45° respectively. If the two ships are on the opposite sides of the light house , find
the distance between the two ships. Give your answer correct to the nearest whole number.
Ans: 95 m
(25) The angle of elevation from a point P of the top of the tower QR ,50 m high is 60° and that of
the tower PT from a point Q is 30°. find the height of the tower PT, correct to the nearest metre.

Ans: 17 m

(26) A man observes the angle of elevation of the top of the tower to be 45°.He walks towards it in a
horizontal line through its base. On covering 20 m the angle of elevation changes is 60°. Find the
height of the tower correct to 2 significant figures.
Ans: 47 m
(27) From the top of the cliff, the angle of depression of the top and bottom of a tower are observed to be
45°and 60°respectively. If the height of the tower is 20 m.
find:
(i) the height of the cliff
(ii) the distance between the cliff and the tower.
Ans: 47.32 m, 27.32 m

85
 STATISTICS
(1) Find the mean of the following by direct method.

Class 10-18 18-26 26-34 34-42 42-50

frequency 4 7 11 18 10
Ans: 33.68
(2) Find the mean of the following by short cut method.

Class 40-45 45-50 50-55 55-60 60-65 65-70 70-75 75-80

frequency 5 12 20 16 10 8 5 4
Ans: 57.375
(3) Find the mean of the following by step-deviation method.

Class 140-144 145-149 150-154 155-159 160-164 165-169

Frequency 3 18 12 7 6 4
Ans: 152.7
(4) If the mean of the following distribution is 15.5, find the value of a.

Class 0-5 5-10 10-15 15-20 20-25 25-30

frequency 2 7 18 10 a 5
Ans: 8
(5) The mean marks obtained by 50 students in a test is 23, where a and b are two missing data. find

a and b.

Marks 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50

No. of students 4 a 20 b 4
Ans: 16, 6
(6) Find the mean of the following by step-deviation method.

Class 10-19 20-29 30-39 40-49 50-59

frequency 8 10 20 7 5
Ans: 32.7
(7) Calculate the mean of the following distribution by short-cut method.

Marks 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80

No. of 3 8 12 14 10 6 5 2
students
Ans: 36.33
(8) Calculate the mean by step-deviation method.

86
Class 10-15 15-20 20-25 25-30 30-35 35-40
Frequency 10 15 20 12 10 5
Ans: 23.33
(9) Find the mean of the following by short cut method.

Marks 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 51-60 61-70 71-80

No. of 2 6 10 12 9 7 4
students
Ans: 46.9
(10) The following table gives the pocket money of 200 students. Calculate the mean of the
following distribution by step-deviation method.
Pocket 100-150 150-200 200-250 250-300 300-350 350-400 400-450 450-500
money in
₹
No. of 10 14 28 42 50 30 14 12
students
Calculate the new mean if the pocket money increases by ₹20.
Ans: ₹303.50, ₹323.50

(11) Given below are the weekly wages of 40 workers in a small factory. If their mean weekly
wage is ₹145, find the values of a and b.

Weekly wages 80-100 100-120 120-140 140-160 160-180

(in ₹)
No. of 4 6 a b 18
workers
Ans: 4,8
(12) The following table gives daily wages of some employees in a firm. Find the missing
frequency ‘p’ if the mean is ₹78.
Daily wages 50-60 60-70 70-80 80-90 90-100 100-110
(in ₹)
No. of 1 8 10 p 4 2
employees
Ans: 5

(13) Draw an ogive for the following frequency distribution and estimate the median.

87
Weight in kg 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80
No. of students 8 12 15 8 5
Ans: 53 kg
(14) Draw an ogive for the following data taking 2 cm = 10 marks on one axis and 2 cm = 10 students

on the other. from your graph determine:

Marks 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70

No. of 6 10 15 13 20 9 7
students
(i) the median (ii) the inter-quartile range
Ans: 36.5 marks, 25.5 marks
(15) The table shows scores obtained by 200 shooters in a shooting competition. using graph, draw an

ogive and estimate:

(i) the median (ii) the lower quartile
(iii) the no. of shooters who scored more than 75% score.

Score 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
less
than
No. of 5 16 30 56 85 110 135 168 190 200
shooters
Ans: 56 , 38, 50
(16) The marks obtained by 100 students in a test are given below:
Marks 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80 80-90 90-
100
No. of 3 7 12 17 23 14 9 6 5 4
students
Draw an ogive for the given distribution on a graph sheet. Use a scale of 2 cm= 10 units on
both axis. Estimate from the ogive.
(i) The median
(ii) The lower quartile
(iii) The number of students who obtained more than 85% marks in the test.
(iv) The number of students who did not pass in the test if the pass percentage was 35.
Ans: 45,32,6,29

(17) Use graph paper for this question. The table shows the distribution of the monthly earnings of 120
workers in a building site.

88
 Daily 15-20 20-25 25-30 30-35 35-40 40-45 45-50 50-55
Earnings
(in ₹)
No. of 10 15 20 25 18 13 12 7
workers
Taking a scale of 2 cm = ₹ 5 and 2 cm = 20 workers ,draw a smooth ogive and estimate:
(i) the median.
(ii) the inter-quartile range.
(iii) the number of workers earning more than ₹47.
Ans: ₹33.50, ₹14.50, 14
(18) The following table shows a record from a hospital of 84 numbers of casualties due to
accidents of different age groups:
Age( in 5-15 15-25 25-35 35-45 45-55 55-65 65-75
years)
No. of 6 10 15 13 25 8 7
casualties
Taking a scale of 2 cm= 10 years on one axis and 2 cm=10 casualties on the other draw
an ogive and estimate:
(i) the median
(ii) the upper-quartile
(iii) the number of casualties above age 57 years.
Ans: 44,52,13
(19) Draw an ogive for the given frequency distribution and estimate:

Marks 0-9 10-19 20-29 30-39 40-49 50-59 60-69 70-79 80-89 90-99
No. of 2 5 7 18 11 12 9 7 5 4
students
(i) The median
(ii) the number of students getting a scholarship if students scoring above 85 marks were
given the scholarship.
(iii) The lower quartile
take a scale of 2 cm = 10 marks on one axis and 2 cm = 10 students on the other.
Ans: 46.5, 6, 33.5

(20) The following table shows the distribution of heights of a group of 200 factory workers.
Take a scale of 2 cm=5 cm of height and 2 cm= 20 workers.

89
 Height 145-150 150-155 155-160 160-165 165-170 170-175 175-180 180-185
(in cm)
No. of 6 12 20 46 57 37 15 7
workers
Draw ogive and estimate the following:
(i) the % of workers of height 178 cm or taller.
(ii) the height above which the tallest 25% of workers fall.
(iii) the no. of workers who are considered short if 154 cm is considered as standard height.
(iv) the median height.
Ans: 6%, 171, 16, 166.5
(21) The results of an examination are tabulated below:

Marks(less 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
than)
No. of 8 20 40 75 125 160 185 192 197 200
candidates
Taking a scale of 2 cm= 10 marks on one axis and 2 cm=20 students on the other draw an ogive
and estimate:
(i) the median
(ii) the number of candidates who failed if pass mark is 35.
(iii) the number of candidates who obtained grade A, if the lowest mark for grade A is 75.
Ans: 45,55,9
(22) Find the mode of the following distribution by drawing a histogram.

Wages(in ₹) 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80 80-90 90-100

No. of 3 8 12 6 4 2
workers
Ans: ₹ 64
(23) Draw a histogram for the following data and estimate the mode.

Marks 10-19 20-29 30-39 40-49 50-59

No. of students 6 9 16 13 4

(24) Find the model class and median class in the following frequency distribution.

Class 140-144 145-149 150-154 155-159 160-164 165-169

f 3 18 12 7 6 4
Ans: 145-149, 150-154
(25) The following histogram shows marks obtained by 50 students in a class.

(i) frame the frequency distribution table and calculate the mean

90
 (ii) state the model class.

Ans: 49.8, 40-50

(26) (i) Using step-deviation method, calculate the mean marks of the following distribution.
(ii) State the model class.

Class 50-55 55-60 60-65 65-70 70-75 75-80 80-85 85-90

Interval
Frequency 5 20 10 10 9 6 12 8
Ans: 69, 55-60
(27) Calculate the mean of the following distribution using step-deviation method.

Class 20-30 30-40 40--50 50-60 60-70 70-80

Interval
Frequency 10 6 8 12 5 9
Ans: 49.6
(28) Calculate the mean of the following distribution:

Class 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60

Interval
Frequency 8 5 12 35 24 16
Ans: 36
(29) The weight of 50 workers is given below:

Weight in 50-60 60-70 70-80 80-90 90-100 100-110 110-120

kg
No. of 4 7 11 14 6 5 3
workers
Draw an ogive of the given distribution using a graph sheet. take 2 cm = 10 kg on one axis and
2 cm = 5 workers along the other axis. use a graph to estimate the following:
(i) the upper and lower quartile
(ii) if weighing 95 kg and above is considered overweight , find the number of workers who are

91
 overweight.
Ans: 93 kg, 72 kg, 11

(30) The histogram alongside represents the scores obtained by 25 students in a mathematics mental test.

use the data to :

(i) frame a frequency distribution table.

(ii) to calculate mean.
(iii) to determine the model class.
Ans: 27.8, 20-30
(31) Calculate the mean of the following distribution using step-deviation method.

Marks 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60

Mo. of 10 9 25 30 16 10
students
Ans: 31.3
(32) The daily wages of 80 workers in a project are given below:
Wages 400-450 450-500 500-550 550-600 600-650 650-700 700-750
(in ₹)
No. of 2 6 12 18 24 13 5
workers
Use a graph to draw an ogive for the given distribution. Use the scale as 2 cm= ₹50
on x-axis and 2 cm=10 workers on y-axis. Use your ogive to estimate:
(i) The median wage of the workers.
(ii) The lower quartile wage of the workers.
(iii) The no. of workers who earn more than ₹625 daily.
Ans: ₹ 605, ₹ 550, 30

(33) If the mean of the following distribution is 24, ,find the value of ‘a’.

92
 Marks 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50
No. of 7 a 8 10 5
students
Ans: 10
(34) Use graph paper for this question.
A survey regarding height (in cm) of 60 bags belonging to class 10 of a school was conducted. The
following data was recorded.
Height 135-140 140-145 145-150 150-155 155-160 160-165 165-170
(in cm)
No. of boys 4 8 20 14 7 6 1
Taking 2 cm=height of 10cm along one axis and 2 cm=10 boys along the other axis,
drawn an ogive of the above distribution.Use the graph paper to estimate the following:
(i) The median
(ii) lower quartile
(iii) if above 158 cm is considered as the tall boys of the class. find the no. of boys in the
class who are tall.
Ans: 149.5 cm, 146 cm, 10
(35) Attempt this question on graph paper. marks obtained by 120 students in a English test are
given below.
Marks 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80 80-90 90-
100
No. of 5 9 16 22 26 18 11 6 4 3
students
Draw the ogive and hence, estimate:
(i) The median marks
(ii) The no. of students who did not pass the test if the pass percentage was 50.
(iii) The upper quartile marks.
Ans: 43, 78, 57.5

93
 PROBABILITY
(1) If 3 unbiased coins are tossed, what is the probability of getting

(i) one head (ii) 2 heads

(iii) note at least 2 means or more favourable outcomes (iv) at most one head?

Ans: 3 , 3 , 1 , 1
8 8 2 2

(2) If two dice are thrown simultaneously , what is the probability of getting on the uppermost faces

of the dice?
(i) a doublet (same number on both) (ii) a sum of 7 (iii) a product of 12
(iv) both are odd numbers (v) 4 or 5 (vi) more than 10.

Ans: 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 7 , 1
6 6 9 4 36 12

(3) Some identical cards are numbered from 2 to 25 and well shuffled. when a card is drawn randomly,

what is the probability that the card has

(i) a prime number (ii) a multiple of 2 and 3 (iii) not a multiple of 7.

Ans: 3 , 1 , 7
8 6 8

(4) If all face cards are removed from a pack of 52 playing cards, and well shuffled ,then what is the

probability of picking a card with

(i) a red even number (ii) a club odd number (iii) a jack (iv) a prime number

Ans: 1 , 1 ,0,2
4 10 5

(5) If all even numbered cards are removed from a pack of 52 playing cards. what is the probability

that a card picked up is

(i) a face card (ii) a multiple of 3 of clubs
(iii) a red multiple of 5 (iv) a prime numbered card.
1 3
Ans: 3 , 1
, ,
8 16 16 8

(6) A bag contains 5 red balls and some green balls. if the probability of drawing a green ball is double

that of a red ball, find the number of green balls in the bag.
Ans: 10
(7) If an office works for 5 days in a week (Monday to Friday) and if two employees of the office remain

absent in the same week, what is the probability that it is

(i) the same day (ii) different days (iii) consecutive days?

94
 Ans: 1 , 4 , 8
5 5 25

(8) Find the probability that in a year January may have 5 Mondays if it is a

(i) leap year (ii) non-leap year

ANS: 3 , 3
7 7

(9) There are 60 balls in a box. Some are white and others black. Probability of getting a white ball is
3 of getting a black ball. How many of each coloured balls are there?
2

Ans: 24
(10) A bag contains 18 balls out of which x are white.
(i) If one ball is drawn without looking ,what is the probability that it will be a white ball?
(ii) If 6 more white balls are put in the bag, the probability of drawing a white ball is thrice that in
(i) ,find x.
Ans: 𝑥 ,2
18

(11) Find the probability that the month of February may have 5 Tuesdays in a
(i) leap year (ii) non-leap year
Ans: 1 , 0
7

(12) Find the probability that there are 53 Mondays in a

(i) leap year (ii) non-leap year

Ans: 2 , 1
7 7

(13) If 2 digit numbers are made with 3,7,9, a digit can be repeated, what is the probability that the

number is
(i) greater than 70 (ii) a prime number (iii) a multiple of 3

Ans: 2 , 4 , 4
3 9 9

(14) A bag contains 6 black balls, and some green balls. if the probability of drawing a green ball is double

that of a black ball, find the number of green balls in the bag.
Ans: 12
(15) If the probability of winning game is 0.45, what is the probability of losing the game?

Ans: 0.55
(16) A bag contains 4 green, 12 red and x yellow balls. Express in terms of x the probability of getting

yellow ball. when a ball is drawn, the probability of getting a yellow ball is double that of
green ball.

95
 (i) find the number of yellow balls
(ii) what is the probability of getting a red ball?

Ans: 8 , 1
2

(17) When 3 coins are tossed simultaneously ,what is the probability of getting
(i) 3 tails (ii) exactly 2 tails
(iii) at least 2 tails (iv) at most 1 tail
Ans: 1 , 3 , 1 , 1
8 8 2 2

(18) Cards are marked with numbers from 10 to 50 and well shuffled. One card is drawn at random.

what is the probability that it is a number

(i) divisible by 5 (ii) a perfect square
(iii) a multiple of 3 and 4 (iv) with one of the digits 5
9 4 4 5
ANS: , , ,
41 41 41 41

(19) Two coins are tossed together 100 times and the results are as follows:

No. of heads 0 1 2
frequency 28 52 20
What is the probability of
(i) One head (ii) at most 1 head

Ans: 13 , 4
25 5

(20) A bag has 24 balls. Some are white and remaining black. If the probability of drawing a white ball

is twice that of drawing a black ball, find the number of white balls.
Ans: 16

(21) There are 16 red balls and some white balls in a box. If the probability of getting a red ball is 2 of
3

getting a white ball, how many white balls are is the box?
Ans: 24

(22) There are 30 blue balls and x red balls in a bag. A ball is drawn at random from the bag.

(i) write down, in terms of x, an expression for the probability that the ball drawn is red.

(ii) given that the probability is 7

, find x.
13

Ans: 𝑥
, 35
𝑥+30

(23) A dice is thrown once, what is the probability that the

(i) number is even (ii) number is greater than 2?

96
 Ans: 1 , 2
2 3

(24) Cards marked with numbers 1,2,3,4,…,20 are well shuffled and a card is drawn at random. What is

the probability that the number on the card is

(i) a prime number (ii) divisible by 3 (iii) a perfect square?

Ans: 2 , 3 ,1
5 10 5

(25) A box contains some black balls and 30 white balls. if the probability of drawing a black ball is

two-fifths of a white ball, find the number of black balls in the box.
Ans: 12
(26) A bag contains 5 white balls, 6 red balls and 9 green balls. A ball is drawn at random from the bag.

find the probability that the ball drawn is:

(i) a green ball (ii) a white or a red ball
(iii) is neither a green ball nor a white ball.
9 11 3
Ans: , ,
20 20 10

(27) A game of numbers has cards marked with 11,12,13,…..,40. A card is drawn at random. find the

probability that the number on the card drawn is:

(i) A perfect square (ii) Divisible by 7

Ans: 3 , 2
10 15

(28) Sixteen cards are labelled as a,b,c,d,…,m,n,o,p. they are put in a box and shuffled. A boy is asked

to draw a card from the box. what is the probability that the card drawn is:
(i) A vowel? (ii) A consonant ? (iii) None of the letters of the word ‘median’.

Ans: 1 , 3 , 5
4 4 8

(29) Cards bearing numbers 2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18 and 20 are kept in a bag. A card is drawn at random

from the bag. find the probability of getting a card which is :

(i) a prime number (ii) a number divisible by 4
(iii) a number that is a multiple of 6. (iv) an odd number.

Ans: 1 ,1, 3 ,0
10 2 10

(30) There are 25 discs numbered 1 to 25. they are put in a closed box and shaken thoroughly. A disc is

drawn at random from the box. find the probability that the number on the disc is:
(i) an odd number (ii) divisible by 2 and 3 both.

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 (iii) a number less than 16.

Ans: 13 , 4 ,3
25 25 5

(31) Each of the letters of the world ‘AUTHORIZES’ is written on identical circular discs and put in a

bag. they are well shuffled. If a disc is drawn at random from the bag, what is the probability that
the letter is:
(i) A vowel
(ii) One of the first 9 letters of the English alphabet which appears in the given word
(iii) One of the last 9 letters of the English alphabet which appears in the given word?

Ans: 1 , 2 , 1
2 5 2

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