SCIENCE

QUARTER 4 – MODULE 6
(Week 6)

Cycling of
Materials
 What I Need to Know

Materials on Earth cycle between living organisms and the environment.

Microorganisms are vital for these cycles. They break down dead matter and release
the materials back to the environment. The module contains lesson about the cycling
of materials which includes the oxygen-carbon dioxide cycle, the water cycle, and the
nitrogen cycle.
This module will provide you with the essential information and activities
that will help you learn more about the cycling of materials, specifically, the
oxygen-carbon dioxide cycle, water cycle, and the nitrogen cycle.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. analyze the roles of organisms in the cycling of materials; and
2. explain how materials cycle in an ecosystem.

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 What I Know

Directions: Read each item carefully. Write the letter of the correct
answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Which of these is a biotic component of an ecosystem?

A. amount of sunlight C. soil fertility
B. number of plants D. water availability
2. Which of these processes is NOT part of the oxygen – carbon dioxide cycle?
A. decomposition C. precipitation
B. photosynthesis D. respiration
For questions 3 – 4, refer the choices below:
A. infiltration C. precipitation
B. condensation D. transpiration
3. Which process occurs when water is absorbed into the ground?
4. Which process releases water vapor into the atmosphere?
5. Which of these substances contain nitrogen?
A. carbohydrates C. proteins
B. fats D. minerals
6. Which of these is the correct order of events for the water
cycle when water from the ocean forms clouds?
A. cooling, condensation, evaporation
B. condensation, evaporation, cooling
C. evaporation, condensation, cooling
D. evaporation, cooling, condensation
7. Which process removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere?
A. combustion C. precipitation
B. photosynthesis D. respiration
8. Which of these species are NOT decomposers?
A. bacteria C. viruses
B. fungi D. none of the above
9. Most of the Earth’s water supply exists as the following, in order of
decreasing abundance.
A. Glaciers, oceans, groundwater C. Oceans, glaciers, groundwater
B. Groundwater, oceans, glaciers D. Oceans, groundwater, glaciers
10. Which of these is NOT a natural source of carbon towards the atmosphere?
A. volcanic activity C. respiration
B. burning of fossil fuels D. forest fires
11. Which organism in the soil is involved in every step of the nitrogen cycle?
A. bacteria C. saprophytes
B. fungi D. viruses
12. What gas do animals produce that plants use?
A. carbohydrates C. oxygen
B. nitrogen D. carbon dioxide
For numbers 13 – 14, refer in the choices below:
A. They convert ammonia into nitrates.

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 B. They convert nitrogen gas into nitrates.
C. They convert nitrates into nitrogen gas.
D. They ammonia into nitrogen gas.
13. What nitrogen-fixing bacteria do?
14. What nitrifying bacteria performs?
15. Why is it necessary for water, carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen to be recycled
through Earth’s ecosystems?
A. If they didn’t recycle, they would be polluted.
B. It isn’t necessary, it is just the natural way of the earth’s systems.
C. If they didn’t recycle, there would be too much water, carbon and
nitrogen and we wouldn’t be able to survive.
D. These substances, which are necessary for all living things, would be
used up and become unavailable if Earth’s systems didn’t recycle.

Lesson Cycling of Materials

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 What’s In

You have previously learned that the transfer of matter expressed as biomass
and energy in food from one trophic level to another is not one hundred percent used.
Biomass is the total mass of organisms in a food chain or a food web.

https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/631207704000111065/

Directions: Study the figure above and answer the following questions. Use
separate sheet of paper for your answers.

1. How much biomass of top carnivore can the primary carnivore support?
2. Which group of organisms has the least biomass? Which has the least
energy?
3. What happens to the amount of biomass from the bottom to the top of the
pyramid?

What’s New

Activity 1: ANAGRAMS

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 • You will enhance your skills on communication and critical thinking by
performing this activity.

Directions: Unscramble the letters to find the keywords and phrases associated
with the cycling of materials. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

1. TFININAITICRO ________________________________
2. RFOTLIAINNIT ________________________________
3. RIVCEONRA ________________________________
4. DNACOSEIOTNN ________________________________
5. OREURDCP ________________________________
6. OSOSPTYESHITNH ________________________________
7. NIATRPIROTNAS ________________________________
8. ROIHRVEEB ________________________________
9. UNMCRSEO ________________________________
10. EOPRDEOCSM ________________________________

What is It

Cycling of Materials in the Ecosystem

Materials in the ecosystem cycle constantly. This cycling of materials includes
the oxygen-carbon dioxide cycle, the water cycle, and the nitrogen cycle.

The Oxygen-Carbon Dioxide Cycle

The oxygen cycle and the carbon dioxide cycle are two of the biogeochemical
cycles on Earth that make life possible. They act separately but are dependent on
each other because the carbon cycle gives off oxygen for the oxygen cycle to use, and
in turn, the oxygen cycle emits carbon dioxide (CO2) which goes back into the carbon
cycle. Plants are the main vehicle by which the oxygen and carbon cycles are
connected. Respiration, combustion and decomposition are three other ways that
CO2 and/or oxygen is released back into the atmosphere. Another biogeochemical
cycle, the hydrogen cycle, connects some of the pathways in nature that are involved
in the carbon and oxygen cycles
Respiration

Cellular respiration is the process by which animals take in sugar and oxygen and
emit CO2, water and energy.

Combustion

CO2 is released into the atmosphere by natural combustion in several ways

including volcanic eruptions and forest fires. There is a limit to the amount of carbon
that the oceans and plants can take up, so the rest remains in the atmosphere and
increases the greenhouse effect, causing climate change.

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Decomposition

When a plant or animal dies, the carbon and oxygen and other components
like water, calcium, nitrogen, etc. are returned to the soil and air through the process
of decomposition. Fungi, bacteria and some insects (called decomposers) are
responsible for decomposition, and most require oxygen to carry out the process.
Organisms use and produce gases in photosynthesis and respiration. These gases
flow through organisms and the environment in a cyclic process called the oxygen-
carbon dioxide cycle (Figure 1). The oxygen-carbon dioxide cycle shows the
interdependence among organisms for these important gases.
When plants photosynthesize, they use carbon dioxide and produce oxygen.
Oxygen produced by plants in photosynthesis is used by animals when they respire,
animals in turn produce carbon dioxide. Like animals, plants also carry out the
process of respiration. During respiration, plants use oxygen and produce carbon
dioxide. Animals take in oxygen from the atmosphere and give off carbon dioxide
during respiration. This occurs day and night. Plants, however, give off oxygen and
take in carbon dioxide when they photosynthesize during the day. At night, when
plants are in darkness and cannot photosynthesize, they “breathe” just like animals.
They take in oxygen and give off carbon dioxide.
Notice that plants and animals depend on each other for these important
gases. Plants produce oxygen needed by animals. In turn, animals produce carbon
dioxide needed by plants.

Figure 1. Oxygen and carbon dioxide cycle

https://byjus.com/biology/oxygen-cycle-environment/

TRY THIS:
Q1. What gas do plants produce that animals use?
Q2. What gas do animals produce that plants use?

The Water Cycle

The water cycle, also known as the hydrologic cycle or the hydrological cycle,
describes the continuous movement of water on, above and below the surface of the
Earth.
Water circulates around the environment – the oceans, land, air and living
organisms. The cycling process involves evaporation, transpiration, condensation,

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and precipitation. When solar energy warms the Earth’s surface, water evaporates
from the oceans, rivers, lakes and land. When solar energy warms the Earth’s
surface, water evaporates from the oceans, rivers, lakes, and land. The escape of
water through leaf pores (transpiration) adds water vapor to the atmosphere. Upon
cooling at higher altitude, water vapor condenses and forms clouds. Eventually,
precipitation occurs in the form of rain or snow. On land, plant roots absorb water.
In tropical rainforests, over 90 percent of the moisture is cycled through transpiration
in plants. Some water seeps downwards and replenishes the groundwater. The
excess eventually overflows into the oceans and the water cycle continues.

Figure 2: The Water Cycle / Hydrologic Cycle

http://www.enchantedlearning.com/wgifs/Watercycle.GIF

The Nitrogen Cycle

The nitrogen cycle refers to the cycle of nitrogen atoms through the living and
non-living systems of Earth. The nitrogen cycle is vital for life on Earth. Through the
cycle, atmospheric nitrogen is converted to a form which plants can incorporate into
new proteins.

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 Figure 3: Basic steps of the Nitrogen Cycle

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Nitrogen_Cycle.svg/1200p
x-Nitrogen_Cycle.svg.png

Nitrogen Fixation
In the process of nitrogen fixation, bacteria turn nitrogen gas from the
atmosphere into ammonia. These nitrogen-fixing bacteria, often called “diazotrophs,”
have an enzyme called “nitrogenase” which combines nitrogen atoms with hydrogen
atoms (NH4). Ammonia is a nitrogen compound that can dissolve in water, and is
easier for other organisms’ enzymes to interact with. Interestingly, the enzyme
nitrogenase can only function when oxygen is not present. As a result, organisms
that use it have to develop oxygen-free compartments in which to perform their
nitrogen fixation. Common examples of such nitrogen-free compartments are the
Rhizobium nodules found in the roots of nitrogen-fixing legume plants. The hard
casing of these nodules keeps oxygen out of the pockets where Rhizobium bacteria
do their valuable work of converting nitrogen gas into ammonia.

Nitrification
In nitrification, a host of soil bacteria participate in turning ammonia into
nitrate – the form of nitrogen that can be used by plants and animals. This requires
two steps, performed by two different types of bacteria. First, soil bacteria such as
Nitrosomonas or Nitrococcus convert ammonia into nitrogen dioxide. Then another
type of soil bacterium, called Nitrobacter, adds a third oxygen atom to create nitrate.
These bacteria don’t convert ammonia for plants and animals out of the
goodness of their hearts. Rather, they are “chemotrophs” who obtain their energy
from volatile chemicals. By metabolizing nitrogen along with oxygen, they obtain
energy to power their own life processes.

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Assimilation
In nitrogen assimilation, plants finally consume the nitrates made by soil
bacteria and use them to make nucleotides, amino acids, and other vital chemicals
for life. Plants take up nitrates through their roots and use them to make amino
acids and nucleic acids from scratch. Animals that eat the plants are then able to
use these amino acids and nucleic acids in their own cells.

Ammonification
Now we have moved nitrogen from the atmosphere into the cells of plants and
animals. Because there is so much nitrogen in the atmosphere, it may seem that the
process could stop there – but the atmosphere’s supply is not infinite, and keeping
nitrogen inside plant and animal cells would eventually result in big changes to our
soil, our atmosphere, and our ecosystems.
Fortunately, that’s not what happens. In a robust ecosystem like ours,
anywhere that energy has been put into creating an organic chemical, there is
another form of life that is waiting to extract that energy by breaking those chemical
bonds.
A process called “ammonification” is performed by soil bacteria which
decompose dead plants and animals. During the process, these decomposers break
down amino acids and nucleic acids into nitrates and ammonia and release those
compounds back into the soil.
There, the ammonia may be taken up again by plants and nitrifying bacteria.
Alternatively, the ammonia may be converted back into atmospheric nitrogen
through the process of denitrification.

What’s More

Directions: Put the right term/s for each number to complete the process on the
cycling of materials. Choose your answers in the box below each figure. Use
separate sheet for your answers.
A. The Water Cycle

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1

2
7
3
8

4 9

https://www.twinkl.com.hk/resource/t2-s-1186-the-water-cycle-large-display-labeling-activity

●rivers and streams ●precipitation ●ground run-off ●wind ●sea

●underground water ●condensation ●evaporation ●collection ●sun
n

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B. The Oxygen – Carbon dioxide Cycle

4
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/374502525244669341/

● Animals breathe out carbon dioxide ● Plants release oxygen during photosynthesis
● Plants absorb carbon dioxide during photosynthesis ● Animals breathe in oxygen

C. The Nitrogen Cycle

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1

6 3 4

2
https://www.quizbiology.com/2016/08/diagram-quiz-on-nitrogen-
cycle.html#.X9rLadgza70
●Denitrifying bacteria ●Nitrifying bacteria ●Nitrification ●Ammonification
●Nitrogen-fixing bacteria ●Assimilation ●Nitrogen-fixing soil bacteria

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 What I Have Learned

Directions: Fill in the blanks to complete the statement. Write your answers on
separate sheet of paper.

1. Respiration, ____________ and decomposition are three other ways that CO2
and/or oxygen is released back into the atmosphere.
2. The water cycle, also known as the ____________, describes the continuous
movement of water on, above and below the surface of the Earth.
3. When solar energy warms the Earth’s surface, water ____________ from the
oceans, rivers, lakes and land.
4. Organisms use and produce gases in photosynthesis and ____________.
5. During respiration, plants use ____________ and produce carbon dioxide.
6. Cellular respiration is the process by which animals take in sugars and oxygen
and emit ____________, water and energy.
7. In nitrogen assimilation, plants finally consume the nitrates made by soil
bacteria and use them to make nucleotides, ____________, and other vital
chemicals for life.
8. The nitrogen cycle refers to the cycle of ____________ atoms through the living
and non-living systems of Earth.
9. Ammonia may be converted back into atmospheric nitrogen through the process
of ____________.
10. During ammonification process, the decomposers break down amino acids and
nucleic acids into nitrates and ____________ and release those compounds back
into the soil.

What I Can Do

Directions: Explain how materials cycle in an ecosystem. Choose only one cycle for
you to explain.

1. Oxygen – carbon dioxide cycle

2. Water cycle
3. Nitrogen cycle

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Rubric for scoring:
Element 1 / Needs 2 / Fair 3 / Strong 4 / Excellent
Improveme
nt
Explanation Little to no Explanation Clear Clear and
explanation attempts to explanation concise
of the discuss the that explanation
information information but it discusses that thoroughly
presented. is unclear at most of the discusses the
times. information information
presented. presented.
Organizatio Little to no Attempts to Organizes Strong
n and attempt at organize ideas, ideas in a organization
Transition organization but transitional logical way. and transitional
. language needs to Transitional language used
be added. language throughout
used.
Mechanics Distracting Mechanical errors A couple of Mechanics
(Spelling mechanical distract at times. errors reflect careful
and errors present, but editing.
Grammar) throughout. they do not
distract.

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 Assessment

Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. Water vapor releases into the atmosphere through the process of

____________.
A. infiltration C. precipitation
B. condensation D. transpiration
2. The following are abiotic component of an ecosystem EXCEPT:
A. amount of sunlight C. soil fertility
B. number of plants D. water availability
3. When water is absorbed into the ground, which process occurs?
A. infiltration C. precipitation
B. condensation D. transpiration
4. In water cycle, water from the ocean forms clouds. Which is the correct
order of events?
A. cooling, condensation, evaporation
B. condensation, evaporation, cooling
C. evaporation, condensation, cooling
D. evaporation, cooling, condensation
5. The following processes are part of the oxygen – carbon dioxide cycle
EXCEPT:
A. decomposition C. precipitation
B. photosynthesis D. respiration
6. It is the process where carbon dioxide from the atmosphere removes?
A. combustion C. precipitation
B. photosynthesis D. respiration
7. The following species are decomposers EXCEPT:
A. bacteria C. saprophytes
B. fungi D. viruses
8. It is a substance that contains nitrogen?
A. carbohydrates C. proteins
B. fats D. minerals
9. Which of the earth’s water supply exists in order of decreasing abundance
A. Glaciers, oceans, groundwater C. Oceans, glaciers, groundwater
B. Groundwater, oceans, glaciers D. Oceans, groundwater, glaciers
10. This organism in the soil is involved in every step of the nitrogen cycle?
A. Bacteria C. Viruses
B. Fungi D. all of the above
11. The following are natural sources of carbon towards the atmosphere
EXCEPT:
A. volcanic activity C. respiration
B. burning of fossil fuels D. forest fires
12. Which gas is use by plants that animals produced?

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 A. carbohydrates C. oxygen
B. nitrogen D. carbon dioxide
13. Nitrifying bacteria convert ____________.
A. ammonia into nitrates. C. nitrates into nitrogen gas
B. nitrogen gas into nitrates. D. ammonia into nitrogen gas
14. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria convert ____________
A. ammonia into nitrates. C. nitrates into nitrogen gas
B. nitrogen gas into nitrates. D. ammonia into nitrogen gas
15. Water, carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen need to be recycled through Earth’s
ecosystems because ____________.
A. if they didn’t recycle, they would be polluted.
B. it isn’t necessary, it is just the natural way of the Earth’s systems.
C. if they didn’t recycle, there would be too much water, carbon and
nitrogen and we wouldn’t be able to survive.
D. these substances, which are necessary for all living things, would be
used up and become unavailable if Earth’s systems didn’t recycle.

Additional Activities

Directions: Find and encircle the words which are related to the study of
cycling of materials. Some of the words are hidden horizontally, vertically,
diagonally, or written in reverse so keep an eye on each of word!

NOTE: On a separate sheet of paper, copy the word search puzzle below and use it as your
answer sheet. If you are the first user of this module, you can use the spare copy found on the
back of this module (p.16)

The World of E S P R E C I P I T A T I O N
Cycling of Materials N O I T A R I P S N A R T O I
1. Photosynthesis L V O L T A V R T Y L S I P T
2. Respiration N E E T A L P D R D S T Y H R
3. Oxygen O M N O C A T I N N A H I C A
4. Ammonia
I O O T T S A I E R O P P Y T
5. Evaporation
T S I T G D P Y I N X A O T E
6. Nitrification
A O T E O S A P A J Y T T O S
7. Assimilation
C M A L I S S M U M G E R K E
8. Transpiration
9. Nitrates I O R O P E I S M I E M E I Y
10. Precipitation F R O P R O T S H O N E F N R
I H P H V V O E T O N D A E O
R C A A N F L A R P N I R S R
T L V S T R C U A E N S A I P
I A E E R I N T E R P H A S E
N A S S I M I L A T I O N U R
S I S E H T N Y S O T O H P T

14
 15
What’s More E S P R E C I P I T A T I O N
A. 1. Precipitation N O I T A R I P S N A R T O I
2. Collection L V O L T A V R T Y L S I P T
3. Ground run-ff N E E T A L P D R D S T Y H R
4. rivers and streams O M N O C A T I N N A H I C A
5. sun I O O T T S A I E R O P P Y T
6. Condensation T S I T G D P Y I N X A O T E
7. evaporation A O T E O S A P A J Y T T O S
8. sea C M A L I S S M U M G E R K E
9. underground water I O R O P E I S M I E M E I Y
F R O P R O T S H O N E F N R
B. 1. Animals breathe out
I H P H V V O E T O N D A E O
carbon dioxide
R C A A N F L A R P N I R S R
2. Plants absorb CO2 during
T L V S T R C U A E N S A I P
photosynthesis
I A E E R I N T E R P H A S E
3. Animals breathe in oxygen
N A S S I M I L A T I O N U R
4. Plants release oxygen during
S I S E H T N Y S O T O H P T
photosynthesis
C. 1. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria
2. Nitrogen-fixing soil bacteria Additional activities
3. Nitrification
4. Nitrifying bacteria
5. Assimilation
6. Ammofication What’s In
7. Denitrifying bacteria
1. 10 %
2. Top carnivore; top
carnivore
3. It decreases
Assessment
1. D What I Know
2. B What I have 1. B
3. A Learned What’s new 2. C
4. D 3. A
5. C 1. combustion 1. Nitrification 4. D
6. B 2. hydrologic 2. Infiltration 5. C
7. D cycle 3. Carnivores 6. D
8. C 3. evaporates 4. Condensation 7. B
9. A 4. respiration 5. Producer 8. C
10.A 5. oxygen 6. Photosynthesis 9. A
11.B 6. carbon dioxide 7. Transpiration 10.B
12. D 7. amino acid 8. Herbivores 11.A
13.A 8. nitrogen 9. Consumer 12.D
14.B 9. denitrification 10. Decomposer 13.B
15.D 10. ammonia 14.A
15.D
Answer Key
References
Printed Materials:

Department of Education, Bureau of Secondary Education. Learner’s Material,

Unit 4.
Department of Education, Bureau of Secondary Education. Teacher’s Guide,
Unit 4.
Exploring Life through Science, Josefina Ma. Ferriols-Pavico, John Donnie A. Ramos,
Anna Cherylle Morales-Ramos, Aristea V. Bayquen, and Angelina A. Silverio,
Phoenix Publishing House, Inc.

Electronic Sources:

https://byjus.com/biology/oxygen-cycle-environment/

https://www.bing.com/images/search?view=detailV2&ccid=MNDRpb%2bl&id=54C
F8E9D3E6804FD8684A357231D846FDCA15221&thid=OIP.MNDRpb-
lfqClaUxyrz4BfQHaFj&mediaurl=http%3a%2f%2fslideplayer.com%2f6303906%2f21
%2fimages%2f42%2fThe%2bCarbon%2bDioxide%2b%e2%80%93%2bOxygen%2bC
ycle.jpg&exph=720&expw=960&q=oxygen+and+carbon+dioxide+Cycle&simid=6080
05530883523887&ck=FC1C99D78929EEFE0A71C40F8D79B960&selectedIndex=2
8&FORM=IRPRST&ajaxhist=0

https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/374502525244669341/

https://www.shutterstock.com/image-vector/vector-water-cycle-nature-all-part-
543156805

https://www.twinkl.com.hk/resource/t2-s-1186-the-water-cycle-large-display-
labeling-activity

https://byjus.com/biology/nitrogen-cycle/

https://www.quizbiology.com/2016/08/diagram-quiz-on-nitrogen-
cycle.html#.X9rLadgza70

https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zg74xfr/test

https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/56e1d0078c4b1a2622e7e856/cycles-in-
ecosystems

https://biologydictionary.net/nitrogen-cycle/

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Student’s copy
E S P R E C I P I T A T I O N
The World of N O I T A R I P S N A R T O I
Cycling of Materials L V O L T A V R T Y L S I P T
1. Photosynthesis
N E E T A L P D R D S T Y H R
2. Respiration
3. Oxygen O M N O C A T I N N A H I C A
4. Ammonia I O O T T S A I E R O P P Y T
5. Evaporation T S I T G D P Y I N X A O T E
6. Nitrification A O T E O S A P A J Y T T O S
7. Assimilation C M A L I S S M U M G E R K E
8. Transpiration I O R O P E I S M I E M E I Y
9. Nitrates F R O P R O T S H O N E F N R
10. Precipitation I H P H V V O E T O N D A E O
R C A A N F L A R P N I R S R
T L V S T R C U A E N S A I P
I A E E R I N T E R P H A S E
N A S S I M I L A T I O N U R
S I S E H T N Y S O T O H P T

17
 SCIENCE 8 LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET
MODULE 6: CYCLING OF MATERIALS

Name: ____________________________________________ Date: _________________

Grade/Section: ___________________________________ Score:_________________

Activity No. 1
Nitrogen Cycle

Most Essential Learning Competency: Analyze the roles of organisms in the cycling
of materials. (K to 12 BEC CG: S8LT-IVg-19)
Directions: Answer the crossword puzzle.

Across
5. FBI
6. NH4+
9. Process by which nitrogen in the Earth's
atmosphere is converted into a compound in
the soil by bacteria that live in the root
nodules of certain plant legumes
10. Nitrogen fixing monerans in __________
root nodules (#7 in N-cycle)
11. The envelope of gases surrounding the
earth or another planet
Down
1. Organisms in the soil involved in every step
of the nitrogen cycle.
2. The state or process of rotting; decay
3. A chemical element atomic number is 7 and
symbol is N
4. The conversion of ammonium to nitrate
7. Organisms such as bacteria or fungi
8. N03

Nitrogen Nitrifying Nitrate Atmosphere Decomposition Ammonium

legume Detritivores Bacteria Decomposers Nitrogen fix

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 SCIENCE 8 LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET
MODULE 6: CYCLING OF MATERIALS

Name: ____________________________________________ Date: _________________

Grade/Section: ___________________________________ Score:_________________

Activity No. 2
Understanding our Environment

Most Essential Learning Competency: Explain the concept of species. (K to 12

BEC CG: S8LT-IVg-19)

Direction: Here’s your chance to find out what you know about the
world’s diverse plants, animals and natural places. For each question,
encircle the correct answers.

1. On Earth energy is _____________ while nutrients are ______________.

a. Comsumed, recycled c. recycled, consumed
b. Consumed, also consumed d. recycled ,also recycled
2. In organism, chemical energy is stored in high energy molecules called
__________.
a. Carbon dioxide c. carbohydrates
b. Glucose d. adenosine triphosphate
3. Organism which use inorganic materials are called ________________.
a. Heterotrophs c. chemotrophs
b. Autotrophs d. phototrophs
4. ____________ eat the ____________________.
a. Producers, consumers
b. Consumer, producer
c. Decomposer, producer
d. Primary producer, primary consumer
5. The linear transfer of energy and nutrients in an ecosystem is called
___________.
a. Nutrition c. food chain
b. Food web d. none of the above
6. Hervivores :plants : _____________:omnivores : ____________________.
a. Carnivores, both plant and meat c. Hervibores, carnivores
b. Detritivores, both plants and meat d. Phytoplankton, carnivores
7. Most of the Earth’s water supply exists as the following, in order of
decreasing abundance.
b. Glaciers, oceans, groundwater c. Oceans, glaciers, groundwater
c. Groundwater, oceans, glaciers d. Oceans, groundwater, glaciers
8. Which of these is NOT a natural source of carbon towards the atmosphere?
a. Volcanic activity c. Respiration
b. Burning of fossil fuels d. Forest fires
9. Nitrogen is made available for organisms through the following processes
except:
a. Nitrogen fixation c. Denitrification
b. Ammonification d. Mineralization
10. Which of these play the most damaging role as a greenhouse gas?
a. Methane c. Water vapor
b. Nitrogen d. Carbon dioxide

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 SCIENCE 8 LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET
MODULE 6: CYCLING OF MATERIALS

Name: ____________________________________________ Date: _________________

Grade/Section: ___________________________________ Score: ________________

Activity No. 3
Cycling of Materials its Impact to our Daily Life

Most Essential Learning Competency: Explain the concept of species. (K to 12

BEC CG: S8LT-IVg-19)

Directions: SELF-CHECK: Answer the questions.

1. How are the transfer of energy and nutrients related in an ecosystem?

Explain.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

2. What aspects of your daily life are affected by the biogeochemical

cycles? Cite at least three specific examples.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3. In what ways can you minimize the disruption of the biogeochemical
cycles and its effect on the environment?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

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