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 CONTENTS

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 The Letters of the Hangul Alphabet
The Korean script is called Hangul. It was invented by King Sejong the Great in 1444. He wanted to come up
with an easy writing system that everyone could use to read and write the Korean language. Before this time,
only scholars and the ruling class could read and write. King Sejong wanted all his citizens to be literate and
to have a better life. Hangul did just that, uniting the social classes of Korea.

The consonants (C) and vowels (V) in the charts below are combined to make syllables, just as in English.
Korean syllables are formed using the following combinations: C + V or C + V + C.

Note: There are no letters for the sounds f, v and z in Hangul.

TRACK
1 Consonants

Basic ㄱㄴㄷㄹㅁㅂㅅㅇㅈ
g or k n d or t r or l m b or p s or sh ng j or ch

Double ㄲ ㄸ ㅃㅆ ㅉ
kk tt pp ss jj

Heavy ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎㅊ
k t p h ch

TRACK
2 Vowels

Single ㅏ ㅓ ㅣㅗㅜㅡ
a eo i o u eu

ㅑㅐㅒㅕㅔㅖ ㅛㅠ
ya ae yae yeo e ye yo yu
Double

ㅘㅙㅚㅝㅞㅟㅢ
wa wae oe weo we wi ui


 TRACK
3 Chart Showing Consonant + Vowel Combinations
This chart shows the most commonly used consonants and vowels of the Hangul alphabet, and how they are
combined to make syllables. The consonants are on the left axis of the chart and the vowels are along the top.
The combinations are shown in the table.

Vowels ㅏ ㅑ ㅓ ㅕ ㅗ ㅛ ㅜ ㅠ ㅡ ㅣ
Consonants a ya eo yeo o yo u yu eu i

ㄱ 가 갸 거 겨 고 교 구 규 그 기
g ga gya geo gyeo go gyo gu gyu geu gi

ㄴ 나 냐 너 녀 노 뇨 누 뉴 느 니
n na nya neo nyeo no nyo nu nyu neu ni

ㄷ 다 댜 더 뎌 도 됴 두 듀 드 디
d da dya deo dyeo do dyo du dyu deu di

ㄹ 라 랴 러 려 로 료 루 류 르 리
l (r) la lya leo lyeo lo lyo lu lyu leu li

ㅁ 마 먀 머 며 모 묘 무 뮤 므 미
m ma mya meo myeo mo myo mu myu meu mi

ㅂ 바 뱌 버 벼 보 뵤 부 뷰 브 비
b ba bya beo byeo bo byo bu byu beu bi

ㅅ 사 샤 서 셔 소 쇼 수 슈 스 시
s sa sya seo syeo so syo su syu seu si

ㅇ 아 야 어 여 오 요 우 유 으 이
silent a ya eo yeo o yo u yu eu i

ㅈ 자 쟈 저 져 조 죠 주 쥬 즈 지
j ja jya jeo jyeo jo jyo ju jyu jeu ji

ㅊ 차 챠 처 쳐 초 쵸 추 츄 츠 치
ch cha chya cheo chyeo cho chyo chu chyu cheu chi

ㅋ 카 캬 커 켜 코 쿄 쿠 큐 크 키
k ka kya keo kyeo ko kyo ku kyu keu ki

ㅌ 타 탸 터 텨 토 툐 투 튜 트 티
t ta tya teo tyeo to tyo tu tyu teu ti

ㅍ 파 퍄 퍼 펴 포 표 푸 퓨 프 피
p pa pya peo pyeo po pyo pu pyu peu pi

ㅎ 하 햐 허 혀 호 효 후 휴 흐 히
h ha hya heo hyeo ho hyo hu hyu heu hi

ㄲ 까 꺄 꺼 껴 꼬 꾜 꾸 뀨 끄 끼
kk kka kkya kkeo kkyeo kko kkyo kku kkyu kkeu kki

ㄸ 따 땨 떠 뗘 또 뚀 뚜 뜌 뜨 띠
tt tta ttya tteo ttyeo tto ttyo ttu ttyu tteu tti

ㅃ 빠 뺘 뻐 뼈 뽀 뾰 뿌 쀼 쁘 삐
pp ppa ppya ppeo ppyeo ppo ppyo ppu ppyu ppeu ppi

ㅉ 짜 쨔 쩌 쪄 쪼 쬬 쭈 쮸 쯔 찌
jj jja jjya jjeo jjyeo jjo jjyo jju jjyu jjeu jji

ㅆ 싸 쌰 써 쎠 쏘 쑈 쑤 쓔 쓰 씨
ss ssa ssya sseo ssyeo sso ssyo ssu ssyu sseu ssi


 Practice Writing Hangul Letters
Forming the letters of Korean alphabet is easy! There are just two basic rules: horizontal strokes are written
from left to right and vertical strokes are written from top to bottom, just as in English.
Let’s write the consonants:
g or k n
1 1

ㄱㄱㄱ ㄴㄴㄴ
d or t r or l
1 1
2

ㄷㄷㄷ 3
2

ㄹㄹㄹ
m b or p
1

ㅁㅁㅁ ㅂㅂㅂ
2 1 3 2

3 4

s or sh (silent) or ng
1 1

ㅅㅅㅅ 2

ㅇㅇㅇ
c or ch c
1

ㅈㅈㅈ
1
2
ㅊㅊㅊ
2 3

k t
1 1

ㅋㅋㅋ 2
ㅌㅌㅌ
2
3

p h
1 1

ㅍㅍㅍ ㅎㅎㅎ
2
2 3 3
4

Now, let’s write the vowels:

a ya
1 1

ㅏㅏㅏ ㅑㅑㅑ
2 2
3

eo yeo
2 3

ㅓㅓㅓ ㅕㅕㅕ
1 1
2

o yo
1 2

ㅗㅗㅗ ㅛㅛㅛ
1

2 3

u yu

ㅜㅜㅜ ㅠㅠㅠ
1 1

2 2 3

eu i
1

ーーー ㅣㅣㅣ
1


 Practice Writing Korean Syllables
Consonant + Vertical Vowel
The vertical vowels ㅏ , ㅓ and ㅣ are written to the
right of the consonant, as in the following examples.
ma
Consonant + Horizontal Vowel
Horizontal vowels ㅗ , ㅜ and ㅡ are written under
the consonant, as in the following examples.
so

마 소
beo du

버 두
gi neu

기 느
Double Consonant + Single Vowel Double Consonant + Double Vowel
Write the double consonant first. If the vowel Write the double consonant first. If the vowel
is vertical, write it on the right. If the vowel is is vertical, write it on the right. If the vowel is
horizontal, write it underneath. horizontal, write it underneath.

jja ssyo

짜 쑈
ddeo jjyeo

따 쪄
bbo bbyu

뽀 쀼
Heavy Consonant + Single or Double Vowel Consonant + Vowel + Consonant (CVC)
The heavy consonants (k, t, p and h) are pronounced with In a CVC syllable, the final consonant is written
a breath of air. Write the consonant first. If the vowel is under the vowel. (Sometimes this pattern
vertical, write it to the right of the consonant. If the vowel is has two final consonants as in the last two
horizontal, write it underneath. examples below.)
hi yeon

히 연
kyeo dak

켜 닭
tyeo naem

툐 낾

 TRACK
4 Everyday Words and Phrases
안녕하세요 annyeong haseyo Hello

안녕하세요
환영합니다 hwanyeonghapnida Welcome

환영합니다
들어오세요 deureooseyo Please come in

들어오세요
잘 지냈어요? jal jinaesseoyo? How have you been?

잘지냈어요
잘 지냈어요 jal jinaesseoyo I’ve been well

잘지냈어요
괜찮습니다 gwaenchanseupnida It’s ok

괜찮습니다
감사합니다 gamsahapnida Thank you

감사합니다
실례합니다 sillyehapnida Excuse me

실례합니다
죄송합니다 joesonghapnida I am sorry

죄송합니다
안녕히 가세요 annyeonghi gaseyo Goodbye (to person leaving)

안녕히가세요
안녕히 계세요 annyeonghi gyeseyo Goodbye (to person staying)

안녕히계세요

 TRACK
5 Hanging Out with K-Pop Fans
친구 chingu friend

친구
한류 hallyu Korean Wave

한류
입덕 ipdeok entering a fandom

입덕
굿즈 gutjeu goods

굿즈
대박! daebak Amazing! (lit. jackpot)

대박
찐팬 jjinpaen big fan

찐팬
팬질 paenjil doing fan activities

팬질
팬싸 paenssa fan signing event

팬싸
생일 saengnil birthday

생일
팬클럽 paenkeulleop fan club

팬클럽


팬미팅 paenmiting fan meeting

팬미팅
팬카페 paenkape online fan community (lit. fan café)

팬카페
진짜요? jinjjayo Is it true?

진짜요
화이팅! hwaiting Good luck! (lit. fighting)

화이팅
팬이에요 paenieyo (I am) a fan (of …)

팬이에요
축하해요 chukahaeyo Congratulations

축하해요
안녕하세요? annyeonghaseyo Hello

안녕하세요
또 만나요 tto mannayo See you again

또만나요
유튜브를 봐요 yutyubeureul bwayo (I) watch YouTube videos

유튜브를봐요
노래를 들어요 noraereul deureoyo (I) listen to song(s)

노래를들어요


 TRACK
6 Words and Phrases You Hear in K-Dramas
소주 soju soju

소주
치킨 chikin fried chicken

치킨
치맥 chimaek a pairing of fried chicken and beer

치맥
건배! geonbae Cheers!

건배
엄청 eomcheong very

엄청
케이드라마 keideurama K-Drama

케이드라마
짜증나 jjajeungna It’s annoying (informal)

짜증나
어떡해! eotteokae Oh, no!

어떡해
울지 마 ulji ma Don’t cry (informal)

울지마
맛있어요 masisseoyo It’s tasty

맛있어요


사랑해요 saranghaeyo I love (you)

사랑해요
왜 그래요? wae geuraeyo What’s happening?

왜그래요
보고 싶어요 bogo sipeoyo I miss (you)

보고싶어요
남친 있어요 namchin isseoyo (I) have a boyfriend

남친있어요
여친 있어요 yeochin isseoyo (I) have a girlfriend

여친있어요
노래방 가자 noraebang gaja Let’s go to noraebang (informal)

노래방가자
밥 먹었어요? bap meogeosseoyo Have you eaten?

밥먹었어요
한 잔 할래요? han jan hallaeyo Would you like a drink?

한잔할래요
너한테 빠졌어 neohante ppajyeosseo I’ve fallen into you (informal)

너한테빠졌어
나랑 결혼해요 narang gyeolhonhaeyo Please marry me

나랑결혼해요


TRACK
7 Words and Phrases from Your Favorite K-Pop Songs
꿈 kkum dream

꿈
늘 neul always

늘
음악 eumak music

음악
느낌 neukkim feeling

느낌
비밀 bimil secret

비밀
우리 uri we

우리
얘기 yaegi story, talk

얘기
추억 chueok memory

추억
운명 unmyeong destiny

운명
케이팝 keipap K-Pop

케이팝


너와 같이 neowa gachi with you

너와같이
괜찮아요 gwaenchanayo (I am) alright

괜찮아요
미안해요 mianhaeyo I am sorry

미안해요
약속해요 yaksokaeyo I promise

약속해요
좋아해요 joahaeyo I like (you)

좋아해요
너무 소중해요 neomu sojunghae (You’re) so precious (to me)

너무소중해요
걱정하지 마 geokjeonghaji ma Don’t worry (informal)

걱정하지마
멈추지 않아 meomchuji ana We won’t stop (informal)

멈추지않아
내 손을 잡아 nae soneul jaba Hold my hand (informal)

내손을잡아
영원히 함께니까 yeongwonhi hamkkenikka (We will) be together forever (informal)

영원히함께니까


 TRACK
8 Talking about Idols
오빠 oppa older brother (of a female)

오빠
누나 nuna older sister (of a male)

누나
최애 choeae one’s favorite

최애
심쿵 simkung having a crush (lit. heart + booming)

심쿵
애교 aegyo acting cute

애교
배우 baeu actor

배우
가수 gasu singer

가수
컴백 keombaek coming back with new music

컴백
아이돌 aidol idol

아이돌
꽃미남 kkonminam beautiful boy (lit. flower boy)

꽃미남


꽃미녀 kkonminyeo pretty girl (lit. flower girl)

꽃미녀
예뻐요 yeppeoyo (someone) is pretty

예뻐요
잘생겼어요 jalsaenggyeosseoyo (someone) is handsome

잘생겼어요
인스타그램 inseutageuraem Instagram

인스타그램
팔로우해요 pallouhaeyo (I) follow

팔로우해요
티켓팅 해요 tiketting haeyo (I) buy tickets

티켓팅해요
영통팬싸 해요 yeongtongpaenssa haeyo (I) do a video call with idols

영통팬싸해요
춤을 잘 춰요 chumeul jal chwoyo (someone) dances well

춤을잘춰요
노래를 잘해요 noraereul jalhaeyo (someone) sings well

노래를잘해요
연기를 잘해요 yeongireul jalhaeyo (someone) acts well

연기를잘해요


 TRACK
9 Useful Verbs
가요 gayo (I) go

가요
와요 wayo (I) come

와요
줘요 jwoyo (I) give

줘요
들려요 deullyeoyo (I) hear

들려요
알아요 arayo (I) know

알아요
웃어요 useoyo (I) smile

웃어요
마셔요 masyeoyo (I) drink

마셔요
말해요 malhaeyo (I) say

말해요
몰라요 mollayo (I) do not know

몰라요
빛나요 binnayo (it) shines

빛나요


원해요 wonhaeyo (I) want

원해요
즐겨요 jeulgyeoyo (I) enjoy

즐겨요
찾아요 chajayo (I) find

찾아요
고마워요 gomawoyo (I) thank

고마워요
기억해요 gieokaeyo (I) remember

기억해요
기다려요 gidaryeoyo (I) wait

기다려요
노래해요 noraehaeyo (I) sing

노래해요
생각해요 saenggakaeyo (I) think

생각해요
이해해요 ihaehaeyo (I) understand

이해해요
안아줘요 anajwoyo (I) hug

안아줘요


 TRACK
10 Useful Adjectives
기뻐요 gippeoyo (I am) glad

기뻐요
달라요 dallayo (it is) different

달라요
많아요 manayo There are a lot

많아요
아파요 apayo (I am) ill

아파요
슬퍼요 seulpeoyo (I am) sad

슬퍼요
신나요 sinnayo (I am) excited

신나요
매워요 maewoyo (it is) spicy

매워요
좋아요 joayo (it is) good

좋아요
나빠요 nappayo (it is) bad

나빠요
귀여워요 gwiyeowoyo (it is) cute

귀여워요


다정해요 dajeonghaeyo (someone) is kind

다정해요
달콤해요 dalkomhaeyo (it is) sweet

달콤해요
외로워요 oerowoyo (I am) lonely

외로워요
지루해요 jiruhaeyo (it is) boring

지루해요
따뜻해요 ttatteutaeyo (it is) warm

따뜻해요
특별해요 teukbyeolhaey (it is) special

특별해요
행복해요 haengbokaeyo (I am) happy

행복해요
아름다워요 areumdawoyo (it is) beautiful

아름다워요
재미있어요 jaemiisseoyo (it is) interesting

재미있어요
사랑스러워요 sarangseureowoyo (it is) lovely

사랑스러워요












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