=eatina

VIRAL REPLICATION bacler

HOW DO VIRUSES WORK? if host cell is a bacteria,

bacteriophage
Vius particle virus is a

(p\osmid ncel eo id)

Free paricles
Host cellgenome
in tissue or
environment

1. Viral genome
enters hoet all
DNA

4. Particles assemble
inside host, then burst
or bud to exteior.
<Prolein 2. Viral genome
is replicated and
transcnbed.
3. Viral mRNAS are
translated and proteins viral replication is a genetic process
procassed.

Viruses cannot reproduce outside of a host cell. This reproduction/replication takes place in FOUR stages:

bacteriophage
host
bacterial cell
ADHESION
(to stick)

phage DNA
host DNA
PENETRATION

capsid

REPLICATION

LYSIS

VIRUS TERMINOLOGY cauSnd Symptoms

Pathogenic/ Pathogen - A par a sitio Oraanism that caus es the
Carri Spreads the
Vector - Qn Onimal ParaSte to a
he host
Interferons - protein releaSe animab
cellsySly
respons e to the entry virus, which has
4
the
prcperty (inkibibino) virs repicaton
e-a: the ( hinderyrestran y preuont )
Vecto
Anopheles
af
mosauito Sbance
Is the malarid
Parasite
 Hypha of
maing tyye

ther
Cametangia (n)
form at the

The cell ls betwe cn the

dud
ametare dis.nto -ate
Zygote (2u) te form a
the contut s tuo
Tyote has a tuo
Zy gote The
coat and can lise in Unfavourolel everalwecks.

Coat becomes thicer

The zpot e
the yte
Zygospore (21)
Z ygospore

whn tue covcitions becane

Dex myelium
tavorable tue yyote divcdes
he
Zygospore (21) by meioiS
prodvced.

thi
FUNGI TERMINOLOGY
lecves
true raots ) Stewe and
Thallus - lovt
bod Oonsisting the
olont
Mycelium -
num her ot ncle
Multinucleate - i e m Co nteining \arae
wall
Non-septate -
and honSeale
vootuclecto
Coenocytic - o t
deud orqaiC matter
(iues aud feeds On
f Saprophyte - albove e sbtete
thvo ac which grou ered
Sporangiophore-uv
Guscllen tio of erec fuaal thrd
Sporangium -
resporible for absorbing notr.ents
Rhizoid-uncil threads
which Crow
acros S the Surface c tre ct
Stolon - thread
 Discuss this process in the table below

Hyphaof - progametangia
malting type
calo
-Hyphaof+
mating tyrpe

oyAmetoAna.ym

eac uther

Gametangia (1)

wall fosrm at the

CrosS
A rogamutangiuim
end
gametangium
to Gorm dA

The cell uwalls b etwe en the

dud
qame tar disintcy rate
fuse te form a conditians fed
Zygote (2u) the Contet
yo te has a thc
Zy gote The Unfavovroleevealwect3.
Qoat cncd Can

becomas thicler
The zJppt e
iS nOw
the Tygte
Zygospure (2)

whe n tu e corditicns becane

tygote dides
new myceim tavoable tue
Zygospore(2r) mycelium is Orodced:

thin

FUNGITERMINOLOGY lecuec
rootS, Stene
wit
Thallus - plovt kody Qonsising ot the
maS

plont body
Mycelium - numher at nuclei
Conleining larae
Multinucleate Sytem
wallS

Non-septate - honSetale
mutinwclectO
Coenocytic- hott aryanC metter
ded
(ives and feeds O
alboue he S 0 t t e
-
cla racg Saprophyte qro ered
whic
thvea
Sporangiophore - tony
thread
th erect
SwollRn tio
Sporangium -. ressosible f r abovina
nutrients
Rhizoid tussl threads acroSS the -face
whic aro
fungal threads
Stolon -
11
 1

Discuss this process in the table below

Hypha of - progametangia
maing type
-Hypha of +
mating type

Gamctangia (u)

Zygote (2u)

Zygospore (21)

new mycelium

Zygospore (2r)

UNGI TERMINOLOGY
thig
with ho true roots Stew6 and lecvec.
mallus -laut kody
ycelium - whole olont bdy oonsisting ot a I the masS

number
ultinucleate - System Cotinind \arqe ot nuclei

on-septate ab Sence of wall

penocytic- hotk vmuitnwcleco and hon- Septe

prophyte - lives and feeds decl organ C mcatter