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Markscheme

November 2021

Integrated Sciences

On-screen examination

13 pages
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This markscheme is confidential and for the exclusive use of examiners in this
examination session.

It is the property of the International Baccalaureate and must not be reproduced or

distributed to any other person without the authorization of the IB Global Centre, Cardiff.
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The following are the annotations available to use when marking responses.

Annotation Explanation Annotation Explanation

Correct point, place at the point in the

response where it is clear that the candidate
Not good enough
deserves the mark. For use in analytically
marked questions only.

The candidate has given a response but it is

Omission, incomplete
not worthy of any marks

Text box used for additional marking

CON Contradiction
comments

Seen; must be stamped on all blank response

Valid part (to be used when more than one
areas and on duplicate pages of concatenated
element is required to gain the mark)
responses

Error carried forward Vertical wavy line that can be expanded

Dynamic annotation, it can be expanded to

Words to that effect
surround work

Award 1, 2, 3, 4 marks. For use in holistically

Horizontal wavy line that can be expanded
marked questions only

Highlight tool that can be expanded to mark

an area of a response
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Marking instructions

1 Mark positively. Give candidates credit for what they have achieved and what is correct. Do not deduct marks for incorrect responses.
2 Follow the markscheme provided and award only whole marks.
3 Each marking point appears on a separate line.
4 The maximum mark for each subpart is indicated in the “Total” column.
5 Where a mark is awarded a tick should be placed in the text at the precise point where it is clear the candidate deserves the mark.
6 Each marking point in a question part should be awarded separately unless there is an instruction to the contrary in the Notes column.
7 A question subpart may have more marking points than the total allows. This will be indicated by the word “max” in the Answer column. Further guidance
may be given in the Notes column.
8 Additional instructions on how to interpret the markscheme are in bold italic text in the Answer column.
9 Alternative wording may be indicated in the Answer column by a slash (/). Either alternative is equally acceptable but the candidate cannot be rewarded
for both as they are associated with the same marking point.
10 Alternative answers are indicated in the Answer column by “or”. Either alternative is equally acceptable but the candidate cannot be rewarded for both
as they are associated with the same marking point.
11 If two related points are required to award a mark, this is indicated by “and” in the answer column.
12 Words in brackets ( ) in the Answer column are not necessary to gain the mark.
13 Words that are underlined are essential for the mark.
14 In some questions a reverse argument is also acceptable. This is indicated by the abbreviation ORA (or reverse argument) in the Notes column.
Candidates should not be rewarded for reverse arguments unless ORA is given in the Notes column.
15 If the candidate’s response has the same meaning or is clearly equivalent to the expected answer the mark should be awarded. In some questions this
is emphasized by the abbreviation WTTE (or words to that effect) in the Notes column.
16 When incorrect answers are used correctly in subsequent question parts the follow through rule applies. Award the mark and add ECF (error carried
forward) to the candidate response.
17 The order of marking points does not have to be the same as in the Answer column unless stated otherwise.
18 Marks should not be awarded where there is a contradiction in an answer. Add CON to the candidate response at the point where the contradiction is
made.
19 Do not penalize candidates for errors in units or significant figures unless there is specific guidance in the Notes column.
20 Questions with higher mark allocations will generally be assessed using a level response method using task specific clarifications developed with
reference to the criteria level descriptors. A candidate’s work should be reviewed to determine holistically the mark for each row of the holistic grid and a
mark awarded for each row.
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Question Answers Notes Total Crit

1 a

2 A

b Elements 1 A
c Soil is not used in photosynthesis
2 A
Nutrients can be obtained from water

d Plants containing chlorophyll absorb a high percentage of blue or red light WTTE

Absorbance of green light is low

2 C
or
(plants with chlorophyll) reflects the green light or do not absorb green light

e HCl or acid in stomach

Activates enzymes or pepsin

3 A
(so protein is) broken down into amino acids
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2 a Conduction 1 A
b The layers work by trapping air
2 A
Air is a poor conductor of heat

c Shiny or white surfaces reflect radiation / heat / thermal energy

or
1 A
Shiny or white fabric is a poor absorber of radiation / heat / thermal energy

d Energy is released from the body or transferred (to the PCM)

PCM absorbs energy (from body)

4 A
(and hence PCM) turns into liquid or melts

(and hence) body temperature falls

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3 a The net / resultant force is zero

or
The forces are equal and opposite
1 A
or
The up force cancels out the down force

2 A

c F = ma seen or implied Accept W=ma or F=mg or W=mg

Correct substitution seen or implied 50 000 (kg) x 10 (Nkg-1) = 500 000 (N) Unit must be present for third mark. No
ecf from marking point 2.
3 A
3 500 000 N Award two marks only if correct
answer with no working and no unit is
seen. Accept 3.5 x 106 N
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3 d 2H2 + O2  2H2O Ignore state symbols

Correct reactants
3 A
Correct products

Correct coefficients: 2-1-2

e Accept any reasonable response related to the equation, for example max 1
• it reacts with oxygen (so is a good fuel)
• it releases a large amount of energy on combustion 1 A
• only water is product
• product is not harmful

4 a Method 1 A
b Difficult to tell when the egg is cooked WTTE

Albert stopped his clock when it was mostly cooked

2 C
or
Betty stopped her clock when it was fully cooked

c One precaution necessary when using heat

2 B
Precaution explicitly linked to being burnt

d How does the temperature (of the hob)

Affect the time it takes
3 B
To cook an egg

e Any two control variables, for example [max 2]

• size of egg,
• amount of oil added,
• type of pan, 2 B
• material of pan
• size of pan,
• what a cooked egg looks like or person doing the timing
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4 f Plot one point correctly

Plot all the points correctly

An appropriate line of best fit is added 4 C

x axis label Cooking temperature and degrees C / °C

g 320-330 and seconds or s ECF from part f 1 C

h As temperature increases, kinetic energy of (water) particles increases
2 C
Energy (from the water) is absorbed by molecules in the raw egg
i Repeat experiment

Take an average of the results

3 C
Reduce (random) errors
or
So more accurate/valid/reliable
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5
1 2 3 4
Hypothesis if mass of yeast if mass of yeast increases • if mass of yeast • if mass of yeast
increases the volume then the volume of the dough increases then the increases then the
of the dough will increases volume of the dough volume of the dough
change increases increases
Because more CO2 will be • Because more CO2 will
formed be formed
Further point linked to
expansion eg CO2 will be
stuck in the dough making it
expand
Variables IV identified as mass IV identified as mass of IV identified as mass of IV identified as mass of
of yeast or DV yeast and DV identified as yeast and DV identified as yeast and DV identified as
identified as final final volume/height of dough final volume/height of dough final volume/height of dough
volume/height of and at least 1 CV explicitly and at least 2 CV explicitly
dough identified identified
Equipment used in Some equipment is Balance to measure the Balance to measure the Balance to measure the
method listed mass of yeast (IV) or mass of yeast (IV) and mass of yeast (IV) and 19 B
Equipment to measure Equipment to measure Equipment to measure
volume/height of dough (DV) volume/height of dough (DV) volume/height of dough (DV)
and
Equip linked to at least two
CV that has been identified
the method
Details of Method Method copied from Attempt to vary mass of Method to vary the mass of Complete method to vary the
stem with no attempt yeast, method can be yeast and measure the mass of yeast and measure
to vary followed but detail is volume of dough, fully the volume of dough, fully
incomplete or incorrect explained and could easily detailed, explained and could
be followed easily be followed. and
Volumes of various
measurements and
equipment match
Data Method includes at Method includes 5 values of Method includes 5 values of
least 5 values of IV or IV with 3 trials IV with 3 trials and plans to
three trials calculate average
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6 a The throw (strength, force, direction) or how pasta hits the wall WTTE

Any sensible improvement, for example [max 1]

• place the pasta on the wall 2 C
• place on board and lift board up
• catapult it

b Time pasta Time pasta sticks to the wall /s

is cooked for Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Average
/min
2 0 0 0 0
4 3 4 2 3
6 4 5 6 5
8 19 15 18 17
10 59 58 60 59
12 60 60 59 60 2 C
14 60 60 60 60
16 60 60 60 60

Calculate two averages correctly 17(.3333) and 60 / 59.66667

Both averages rounded correctly

c C 1 C
d Data tells us when it is cooked WTTE

Data does not tell us when it is overcooked

3 C
so partially valid or valid for below 10-12 mins
or
so partially invalid or invalid above 12 mins
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7 a

2 A

One mark for 2 terms in the correct location

Two marks for all terms in the correct location

b Renewable sources can be replaced and non-renewable cannot be replaced Do not accept definitions using the
1 D
word renewable
c A trend shown in the table, [max 2]
• increased access to electricity to either better literacy or increased life expectancy
• Countries with full access to electricity have (significantly) lower % of 5-year-olds
malnourished
• countries 100 % access have higher CO2 emissions

Correctly linked justification, [max 2] 4 D

• More time available to spend in study
• Access to educational materials
• Can learn at night
• Specified reason for malnourishment
• Burn fossil fuels to provide electricity

d Country C

100 % energy access

3 D
(as it has) the lowest level of CO2 emissions
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8 a Risk of fire
or
1 D
Inhalation of smoke (particles) or CO2

b
1 2 3 4
Use of LED A statement of a A statement of A strength and a A strength and a limitation
strength or a limitation strength and a limitation of LED with of LED with both
of LED limitation of LED one supported by supported by information
from the table
information from the
table
Environmental an environmental an environmental an environmental an environmental
advantage or advantage and advantage and advantage and
disadvantage disadvantage disadvantage and disadvantage and
justification of either justification of both 14 D
Economic statement of initial cost statement of initial cost statement of initial cost statement of initial cost
or running cost and running cost and running cost and running cost with
supported with comparison of these two
information from the costs using information
table from the table
Conclusion A recommendation is A recommendation is
made made linked to one of
the arguments
presented