History of Architecture Flashcards - Quizlet

4/26/24, 8:20 PM History of Architecture Flashcards | Quizlet
History of Architecture Study

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History of Architecture
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Terms in this set (1533)
"The beginner of the great hypostyle hall at karnak and the

Rameses I
founder of the 19th dynasty."
"The mineral of greatest importance to Greek architecture of

Marble
which Greece and her domains had ample supply of was."
Columnar trabeated Greek architecture was essentially.
"Forming the imposing entrance to the acropolis and erected

Propylaea
by the architect Mnesicles is the."
"The building in the acropolis generally considered as being

Parthenon
the most nearly perfect building ever erected is the."
"With the use of concrete made possible by pozzolan, a

Arch and vault native natural cement, the Romans achieved huge interiors
with the __________."
"Which of the order was added by the Romans to the orders

Composite
used by the Greeks."
"From the 5th century to the present, the character of

Domical roof construction
Byzantine architecture is the practice of using."
"Romanesque architecture in Italy is distinguished from that

Marble of the rest of Europe by the use of what material for facing
walls."
"The most famous and perfect preservation of all ancient

Pantheon
buildings in Rome."
"The space between the colonnade and the naos wall in

Pteroma
Greek temple."
Gladiatorial Contests Amphitheaters are used for ___.
"An ancient Greek Portico, a long colonnaded shelter used

Stoa
in public places."
Acropolis The fortified high area or citadel of an ancient Greek City.
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"An upright ornament at the eaves of a tile roof, concealing

History of Architecture the foot of a row of convex tiles that cover the joints of the
Antefix
flat
tiles."
"Strictly, a pedestal at the corners or peak of a roof to

Acroterion
support an ornament, more usually, the ornament itself."
Anthemion Also called a 'Honeysuckle' ornament.
"In ancient Greece and Rome, a storeroom of any kind, but

Apotheca
especially for storing wine."
Anthemion The characteristic of Greek ornament.
Refectory The dining hall in a monastery, a convent, or a college.
Baroque The architecture of the curved line is known as ___.
Cortel The open court in an Italian palazzo.
"The ornamental pattern work in stone, filling the upper part

Tracery
of a Gothic window."
Roman "cubicula" or bedroom is from what architecture.
"How many stained glass are there in the Chartres

176
Cathedral?"
"Parts of an entablature, in order of top to bottom.

Cornice, frieze, architrave
i. Cornice ii. Frieze iii.Architrave"
Octagonal Plan shape of a Chinese pagoda.
13.. Usual number of stories for a Chinese pagoda.
Square Plan shape of a Japanese pagoda.
Pediment Triangular piece of wall above the entablature.
"A spherical triangle forming the transition from the circular

Pendentive plan of a dome to the poly-gonal plan of its supporting
structure."
Narthex A long arcaded entrance porch in an early Christian church.
"The principal or central part of a church, extending from

Nave the narthex to the choir orchancel and usually flanked by
aisles."
Stylobate The uppermost step in the crepidoma.
Stereobate The lowest step in the crepidoma.
Eustyle Intercolumniation of 2.25 diameters.
Areostyle Intercolumniation of 4 diameters.

Systyle Intercolumniation of 2 diameters.
1.5 Diameters Pycnostyle intercolumniation has how many diameters?
3 Diameters Diastyle intercolumniation has how many diameters.
Circus "Roman building which is like the hippodrome of the Greek."
Colosseum Roman building for which gladiatorial battles took place.
Wrestling What sporting event takes place in the Palaestra?
Stadium A foot race course in the cities.
Callicrates and Ictinus Architects of the Parthenon.
"The tower atop the torogan where the princess and her
Lamin
ladies in waiting hide during occasions."
"Found in the ground floor of the bahay na bato, it is where

Zaguan
the carriages and floats are kept."
"The emergency hideout found directly behind the

Bilik headboard
of the Sultan's bed."
"In the kitchen of the bahay kubo, the table on top of which
Dapogan
is the river stone, shoe-shaped stove or kalan is known as ___."
Cha-sit-su Japanese tea house
A Muslim temple, a mosque for public worship, also known as

Masjid
place for Prostration
Stupa Domical mound containing a relic.
Bale Ifugao house (southern strain).
"The style of the order with massive and tapering columns

Doric
resting on a base of 3 steps."
"Earthen burial mounds containing upright and lintel stones

Tumuli forming chambers for consecutive burials for several to a
hundred persons."
"A semi-circular or semi-polygonal space, usually in church,

Apse
terminating in axis and intended to house an altar."
"Temples in Greece that have a double line of columns

Dipteral
surrounding the naos."
Prytaneion Senate house for chief dignitaries in Greek architecture
Erich Mendelsohn Architect of the Einstein Tower.

Walter Gropius Founder of the Bauhaus School of Art.
"What architectural term is termed to be free from any

Art Noveau
historical style?"
Van Alen The architect of Chrysler building in N.Y.
"Another term for crenel or intervals between merlon of a

Embrasures
battlement."
"In the middle kingdom, in Egyptian architecture, who

consolidate the administrative system, made a survey of the
Amenemhat I
country, set boundaries to the provinces, and other helpful
works."
Senusret I Who erected the earliest known obelisk at Heliopolis.
Pyramid of Zoser The world's first large-scale monument in stone.
Pyramid of Khufu The highest sloped pyramid in Gizeh
Canephora Female statues with baskets serving as columns.
Bartizan A small tower usually corbelled at the corner of the castle.
Masu-gumi A compound bracket or capital in Japanese architecture.
Cavetto A concave molding approximately quarter round.
Carlos Santos Viola Architect of Iglesia ni Cristo.
"A Filipino architect whose philosophy is 'the structure must

Caesar Homer Concio
be well oriented'."
William Coscolluela Architect of Robinson's Galleria
Imhotep King Zoser's architect who was deified in the 26th dynasty.
Richard Josef Neutra "A house is like a flower pot"
"Art Noveau is known as the international style, in Germany

Jugendstijl
it is known as ___."
Eero Saarinen Architect of TWA airport.
Kenzo Tange "Modern architecture need not be western".
Khufu Not among the three pyramids in Gizeh
"A decorative bracket usually taking the form of a cyma

Console
reversa strap."
Chartres Cathedral Finest example of French-Gothic architecture
"A special feature of Japanese houses, used to display a

History
Tokonama of Architecture flower arrangement or art."
"The most famous structure of Byzantine architecture and
Hagia Sophia
notable of its large dome."
"An ornamental canopy of stone or marble permanently

Baldachino
place over the altar in a church."
"A decorative niche often topped with a canopy and housing

Tabernacle
a statue."
"A large apsidal extension of the interior volume of a

Exedra
church."
Niche A recess in a wall to contain a statue or other small items.
"A term given to the mixture of Christian, Spanish, and

Mudejar
Muslim 12th-16th century architecture."
Mnesicles Architect of the famous Propylaea, Acropolis.
Pinacotheca A Greek building that contains painted pictures.
Odeion A kindred type to the theater.
"The most beautiful and best preserved of the Greek

Epidauros
theaters."
"A type of Roman wall facing with alternating courses of

Opus Mixtum
brickworks."
"A type of Roman wall facing which is made of small stone

Opus Incertum
laid in a loose pattern roughly resembling polygonal work."
Opus Recticulatum A type of Roman wall facing with a net-like effect
"A type of roman wall facing with rectangular block with or

Opus Quadratum
without mortar joints."
"Marble mosaic pattern used on ceilings of vaults and

Opus Tesselatum
domes."
Louis Sullivan "Form follows function".
Baldochino Canopy of the altar.
Dosseret block Thick abacus of byzantine capital.
Torana Buddhist gateway
Gopuram Indian/hindu gateway
Angkor Wat What is the largest temple in the world?
Machu Picchu The best preserved Incan city structure

The structure that is said to be the epitome of Byzantine
Hagia Sophia
architecture
Minarets What is the most striking feature of Muslim Architecture?
What is a courtyard in Islamic architecture? (It is a common

Sahn element in traditional mosques, religious buildings and
residences throughout the Arab world.)
In Islamic Architecture, it is a tribune raised upon colimns

Dikka from which the Koran is recited and prayers are intoned by
the Imam.
In Islamic architecture, it is the sanctuary or praying chamber

Maqsura in a mosque. Sometimes enclosed with a screen of lattice
work.
Mosque It is where Muslims pray.
Masjid A type of mosque that is open to the public.
From what style did Muslim architects pattern their

Saracenic architecture
structures?
Art Noveau inspired structure by Antonio Gaudi that remains

Sagrada Familia
to be unfinished. Located in Spain.
Juggendstijl What is art noveau in Germany called?
Ludwig Mies Van der Rohe Who is the architect of the Farnsworth house?
What architectural style did the architect of the Farnsworth

Modern International
house apply in desiging the residence?
Otto Wagner Who is the architect of the Austrian Postal Savings building?
Who designed the Auditorio de Tenerife? Or presently

Santiago Calatrava
known as Adan Martin.
Raw natural material that traditional Filipino Architecture used

Capiz shells
as motifs in the design of their home?
What is used to balance the Tawi-Tawi boat when it is on

Katig
water?
Who won the design competition for the set of bronze doors
Lorenzo Ghiberti
of the Baptisery of the Cathedral in Florence?
Le Corbusier Who is Charles-Edouard Jeanneret-Gris?
Parmeniskos (It was under the Who was the architect of the Serapeum of Alexandria?
History
reign ofIIIArchitecture
of Ptolemy that is was
built)
Who was the architect of the Lighthouse/Pharos of

Sostratus
Alexandria?
Frank Lloyd Wright Who was the architect of the Robie House?
Teofilo Vasquez Architect of the UAP National Headquarters
First woman national architect to be elected president of the

Yolanda Reyes
UAP.
Jose Maria Zaragosa Architect of Meralco Building
Felipe Mendoza Founder of Batasang Pambansa
Leandro Locsin Architect of Folk Arts Theatre
Juan Arellano Architect of Manila Central Post Office
Juan Arellano Architect of Legislative Building (National Museum)
Juan Arellano Architect of the Metropolitan Theatre.
Architect responsible for the addition of the dome and

Juan Nakpil
second belfry of the Quiapo Church.
Jose Zaragoza Phillipine National artist declared on 2014?
Who designed the Philamlife Building located at United

Carlos Arguelles
Nations Avenue in Manila?
Populous Architect of the Philippine Arena?
Vigan Considered as the Intramuros of the North.
Robert Venturi Architect of the Seattle Museum, 1991
Zaha Hadid Pritzker Prize Awardee of 2004
William Van Alen Architect of Chrysler Building
The Chrysler building is a classic example of what

Art Deco
architectural style?
Cesar Pelli Architect of the Petronas Tower.
The architect of "Essensa", one of the premier high rise

IM Pei
residential condominiums in Bonifacio Global City.
IM Pei Architect of the Louvre pyramid.
IM Pei Architect of the Bank of China.
IM Pei Architect of the Rock n' Roll Hall of Fame.
Texas Commerce Tower The JP Morgan Chase tower is originally known as __________?
IM Pei Architect of Texas Commerce Tower.
Voted the "Worst Building in the History of Mankind". Found

Ryugyong Hotel
in north Korea. It is also known as 105 building.
Dubbed the "Cathedral of Commerce" due to the many

Woolworth Building
medieval style ornaments that embellish the building.
Cass Gilbert Who was the architect of the Cathedral of Commerce?
Who is the architect of the Daily News Building located in

Raymond Hood Manhattan, New York? (It became a National Historic
Landmark in 1988)
William Lamb Architect of the Empire State Building.
Minoru Yamasaki Who designed the World Trade Center in New York?
Renzo Piano Architect of the New York Times Building.
Renzo Piano The architect of the Shard in London.
Le Corbusier Architect of the Carpenter Center.
Sun shade What is the function of the brise soleil?
Renzo Piano Architect of the Tjibao Cultural Center.
Leandro Locsin Architect of the Chapel of the Holy Sacrifice.
Frank Gehry Architect of the Guggenheim Museum at Bilbao.
Benjamin Morris Architect of the Bank of New York.
Philip Johnson Architect of the Sony Center
Philip Johnson 1979 Pritzker Awardee
Eero Saarinen Architect of TWA Airport.
Eero Saarinen Architect of Dulles Airport
Le corbusier Who said "The house is a machine to live in"?
Ludwig Mies Van der Rohe Who said "God is in the details"?
Kenzo Tange Who said "Modern Architecture need not be western"?
Walter Gropius Founder of Bahaus School
Ludwig Mies Van der Rohe Who said "Less is more"?
Marcel Breuer The ironic term "Maximum Simplicity" is attributed to _________?
Richard Josef Neutra Who said "A house is like a flower pot"?
Robert Venturi "Less is a bore"

Who is the Filipino architect who stated that "the structure
Caesar Homer Concio
must be well oriented"?
Tomas Mapua Who was the first Filipino architect?
What material was used in the facade of the Gughenheim

Titanium
Museum in Bilbao?
Auguste Perret Who pioneered "Beton Brut"?
Le Corbusier Who popularized "Beton Brut"?
Architectural concrete left unfinished or roughly finished

Beton Brut
after pouring and intentionally left exposed visually.
In the 1920's, Le Corbusier was known for promoting this

White Box Architecture
Architectural Style.
Architectural style characterized by bold forms, harsh

Brutalism proportions, and rough materials such as exposed concrete,
steel and wood.
Who formulated a set of architectural principles known as

Le Corbusier
The Five Points of Architecture?
Le Corbusier Architect of Villa Savoye
Architect of the Chek Lap Kok Airport where natural light,

Sir Norman Foster tensioned membrane and anthropometrically correct
dimensions were emphasized.
Jorn Utzon Architect of the Sydney Opera House
Antonio Gaudi Who designed the Sagrada Familia?
The last civil work of Antonio Gaudi. Popularly known as La

Casa Mila Pedrera meaning the Quarry. Declared a UNESCO heritage
site in 1984
Work of Antonio Gaudi that has an undulating facade

Casa Batllo decorated with a colorful mosaic of broken ceramic tiles, the
roof is arched and has a unique chimney.
Eugene Fressinnet Known for Prestressed Concrete.
Baroque Intoduced thin shell construction using reinforced concrete.
Norman Foster Architect of Shanghai Bank, Hong Kong
Ulm Minster World's tallest church
Old New Synagogue World's oldest "active" synagogue
Baroque The architectural style used for the Paoay Church

Hieroglyphics Characteristic wall ornament of the egyptians
Structure whose sides were made to face the four cardinal

Pyramid
points.
Structure whose corners were made to face the four cardinal

Ziggurat
points
In egyptian temples, a pillared hall in

which the roof rests on columns
Hypostyle hall
The Greek order that do not have a

base
Doric
4-6.5D Proportion of a Greek Doric column
9D Proportion of a Greek Ionic column
10D Proportion of a Greek Corinthian column
Hypotrachelion The shaft of the Greek Doric order terminates where?
Entablature height of the Doric order based on the height of

1/4
order
Entablature height of the Ionic order based on the height of

1/2
order
Entablature height of the Corinthian order based on the

1/5
height of order
The continuation of the fluted shaft in the Greek Doric

trachelion
column
peribolus The wall or colonnade enclosing the temenos
Ictinus and Callicratus The architects of the Parthenon
Pheidias The master sculptor of the Parthenon
Mnesicles The architect of the Erectheion
Callicrates The architect of the Temple of Nike Apteros, Athens
Theron Designer of Temple of Zeus, Agrigentum
The designer of The temple of Artemis, Ephesus. Also called

Deinocrates
the Hellinistic temple.
The master sculptor of The temple of Artemis, Ephesus. Also

History
Scopas of Architecture called the Hellinistic temple.
The Erectheion, Athens which stands on the north of the
Caryatid Porch
Parthenon has an unusual feature which is the?
The temple of Zeus, Agrigentum, second largest Greek

3 naos and Atlantes figures
temple has an unusual feature. What is it?
Diazoma The tier of seats in the Greek theatre are separated by?
The designer of the Theatre of Epidauros, the most beautiful

Polycleitos
and best preserved Greek theatre.
Designers of The Mausoleum, Helicarnassus. Most famous of

Satyros and Pythias
all tombs.
A Greek water clock or instrument for measuring the

Clysydra
discharge of water through a small opening.
The triangular surface bounded by the sloping and

Tympanum
horizontal cornices of a pediment.
Cyrtostyle A circular projecting portico
Ancones Consoles on either side of a doorway supporting a cornice
Blocks resting on the vertex and lower extremities of the

Acroteria
pediment to support atatuary or ornament
Tuscan The Etruscans invented what column?
The wall facing developed by Romans which is made of

Opus quadratum recctangular blocks of stone, with or without mortar joints
but frequently secured with dowels or cramps
The wall facing developed by the Romans which is made of

Opus reticulatum
rectangular, net-like stone work
The wall facing developed by the Romans which is made of

Opus testaceum
brick facing with stones cut in triangular form
Opus tesselatum Marble mosaic pattern used on ceilings of vaults and domes
Opus spicatum Marble mosaic pattern used on the floor
The buttress which catches the thrusts of the main vaults

Spur where they are concentrated in the pockets above columned
pillars
The buttress which were placed on the top of the spur

Pinnacle buttress to help by their weight to drive the oblique thrusts
more steeply down to earth is called
Sudatorium Dry sweating room in the thermae

Apodyteria The dressing room in the thermae
Unctuaria Room containing the ungents and oils in the thermae
Niches, similar to pigeon-holes formed in the rock where

Columbaria
ashes of the dead, placed in an urn, were deposited.
Recesses for the corpses sealed with a front slab inscribed

Loculi
with the name of the dead
Domus Private house of the Romans
insula A multi-story tenement housing for workers
The arched waterways erected to supply most parts of Rome

Aqueduct
with water
Locus A Roman fountain designed with sprouting jets
The vault that is carried throughout its length on the two

Waggon-Headed Vault
parallel walls of a rectangular apartment
acanthus scroll The special characteristic of the Roman ornament
Forum Maximus The oldest and most important example of a Roman forum
History Factors affecting the styles of architecture (6)

Geography
Geology
Climate
Society
Religion
Prehistoric Existing in the time prior to the recording of human events.
Earliest known period of human culture, preceding the

Stone Age Bronze Age and the Iron Age and characterized bu the use
of stone implements and weapons.
Last phase of the Stone Age, characterization by the

Neolithic cultivation of grain crops, domestication of animals. From
'Neo' + 'Lithos'
Paleolithic Means Old stone, first part of prehistoric age
Megalithic Type of construction that uses large stones
Cardinal points Orientation of prehistoric architectures faces ________.
A single, large upright monolith, sometimes in parallel rows

Menhir
reaching several miles.
Kerloas menhir The tallest menhir in Brittany at 9.5m high.

Tomb of standing stone usually capped with a large
Dolmen
horizontal slab
Enclosure formed by huge stones planted on the ground in

Cromlech
circular forms.
Dominant tomb type in the prehistoric age, characterized by

Tumulus
corbelled stone covered by earth.
House A building in which people live
Something beneath, behind or within which a person is

shelter
protected from storms or other adverse conditions.
A small, simple dwelling or shelter, esp. one made of natural

hut
materials.
A primitive form of shelter consisting of a pit excavated in the

pit dwelling
earth and roofed over.
A dwelling, esp. of prehistoric times, built on piles or other

lake dwelling
supports over the water of a lake.
A communal dwelling characteristic of many early cultures,

esp. that of the Iroquois and various other North American
longhouse
India peoples, consisting of a wooden, bark-covered
framework often as much as 30.5 m in length.
An Eskimo house, usually built of blocks of hard snow or ice

igloo in the shape of a dome, or when permanent, of sod, wood or
stone.
A communal dwelling and defensive structure of the Pueblo

Indians of the southwestern US, built of adobe or stone,
pueblo
typically many-stories and terraced, with entry through the
flat roofs of the chambers by ladder.
A natural flat-topped elevation with one or more clifflike

mesa sides, common in arid and semiarid parts of the
southwestern United States and Mexico.
A large underground or partly underground chamber in a

kiva Pueblo Indian village, used by the men for religious
ceremonies or councils.
A circular, tentlike dwelling of the mongol nomads of central

Asia, consisting of a cylindrical wall of poles in a lattice
yurt
arrangement with a conical roof of poles, both covered by
felt or animal skins.
A tent of the American Indians, made usually from animal

History of Architecture skins laid on a conical frame of long poles and having an
tepee
opening at the top for ventilation and a flap door.
An American Indian dwelling, usually of round or oval shape,

wigwam
formed of poles overlaid with bark, rush mats or animal skins.
A temporary domed hut of red cedar and grass, used by

wetu
northeastern North American tribes,
A Navaho Indian dwelling constructed usually of earth and

hogan
logs and covered with mad and sod.
A house built of strips of sod, laid like brickwork, and used

sod house
esp. by settlers on the Great Plains when timber was scarce.
A pole or post carved and painted with totemic figures,

totem pole erected by Indians of the northwest coast of North America,
esp, in front of their houses.
An animal, plant, or natural object serving as an emblem of a

totem
family or clan by virtue of an ancestral relationship.
A large, usually rectangular house constructed of timber

plank house planks, built and used by Indians and less frequently by
Eskimos.
A circular stone shelter of the Apulia region of southern Italy,

trullo roofed with conical constructions of corbeled dry masonry,
usually whitewashed and painted with figures or symbols.
A Neolithic settlement in Anatolia. One of the world's earliest

Catal Huyuk cities. It had mud-brick fortifications and houses, frescoed
shrines, a fully developed agriculture.
A period of human history that followed the Stone Age,

Bronze Age
characterized by the use of bronze implements.
Harappa Bronze Age culture that flourishes in the Indus Valley
An ancient region in western Asia between the Tigris and

Mesopotamia
Euphrates rivers occupied successively by SBAPS.
An agricultural region arching from the eastern shores of the

Fertile Crescent Mediterranean Sea in the west to Iraq in the east, the
location of humankind's earliest cultures.
A Neolithic culture in China centered around the fertile plains

Yang-shao of the Yellow RIver characterized by pit dwellings and fine
pottery painted in geometric designs.
Xia A legendary dynasty in China
A Chinese dynasty that marked the introduction of writing,

History
Shang of Architecture and a mastery of bronze casting
The indigenous architecture of a vast country in eastern Asia
Chinese architecture whose civilization has continually evolved and survived
longer than any other nation in the world.
Chinese dynasty marked by the division of China into

separate feudal states, and the emergence of Confucianism
Zhou
and Taoism, which gave thrust to all subsequent Chinese
culture.
A philosophy that dominated China until the early 20th

century, an ethical system based on the teachings of
Confucianism
Confucius. Love for humanity, family and spirits of one's
ancestors.
In Chinese philosophy and religion, the interaction of two

opposing and complementary principles - one that is
Yin-yan feminine, dark and negative (yin) and the other that is
masculine, bright and positive (yang) - that influences the
destinies of creatures and things.
Bright hall: a ritual structure in Chinese architecture that

mingtang
serves as the symbolic center of imperial power.
Jade ring moat: a ritual structure in Chinese architecture

biyong
enclosing a space in the shape of a flat jade ceremonial disk.
spirit altar: a raised astronomical observatory in Chinese

lingtai architecture, usually the central, circular upper story of the
mingtang.
A standard unit of space in Chinese architecture marked by

jian adjacent frame supports. The spatial unit serves as basis for
the modular structure of a Chinese city.
A fortified wall commenced under the Zhou dynasty to

Great Wall of China protect China against nomads from the north and serve as a
means of communication.
1.500 mi Total length of the Great Wall of China (in miles)
Chinese philosophy and religion based on the teaching of

Lao-tzu, emphasizing the life of simplicity, and non
Taoism
interference with the course of natural events in order to
attain a happy existence in harmony with the Tao.
The Way: in Chinese religion, the creative principle that order

Tao
the universe.
Chinese dynasty that commenced the construction of the

History
Zhou dynasty of Architecture
Great Wall.
Chinese dynasty marked by the emergence of a centralized

Qin
government and the construction of much of the Great Wall.
Nile River Travel and trade route in Egypt
Columnar and trabeated [Construction system] Egyptian Architecture
Lotus, Papyrus and Palm Types of Egyptian capitals (3)

capitals
9-24m Width of batter walls used in Egyptian Architecture
Batter wall Type of wall that diminishes in width towards the top
Scarab In Egyptian decoration, this symbolized resurrection.
Amon-ra Sun god of the Egyptians
Grapes In Egyptian decoration, this symbolized eternity.
Rectangular, flat-topped funerary mound; with a battered

Mastaba
side, covering a burial chamber below ground.
Serdab The offering table in a Mastaba is called ________.
Stelae The inscription tablet in a Mastaba is called ___________.
Massive funerary structure of stone or brick with square plan

Pyramids
and four sloping triangular sides meeting at the apex.
Step, Slope, Bend Types of Egyptian pyramids (3)
Step Pyramid of Zoser Best example of Egyptian step pyramid
Pyramids Giza Finest true Egyptian Pyramids
The faces of the pyramids What area of a pyramid is oriented towards the cardinal
orient towards the cardinal points?
points
Khufu Largest pyramid in the Giza complex.
Bent pyramid at Seneferu Best example of Egyptian bent pyramid
Egyptian tombs built for noblemen, but not royalty; to keep

Rock-cut/ Rock-hewn
thieves away
[Egyptian] Monumental gateway to the temple consisting of

Pylon
slanting walls flanking the entrance portal.
Upright stone square in plan, with an electrum-capped

History of Architecture pyramidion on top, symbolizing the sun god Heliopolis;
Obelisk
comes in pairs
9-10D Egyptian obelisk height in proportion to its diameter?
Mixture of silver and gold; material capping the obelisks of

Electrum
Egypt.
Mortuary temples [Egypt] Temples made for the pharoahs
Cult temples [Egypt] Temples in honor of their gods.
Hypaethral court [Egypt] Part of the temple that is open to the sky
[Egypt] part of the temple on which the roof rests; portrays a

Hypostyle Hall marsh in the beginning of time; literally means "under
columns"
Great Temple of Ammon, [Egypt] Greatest example of a temple (cult temple)

Karnak
Mammisi temple Is considered to be the prototype of Greek temples
An example of a rock-cut temple, with 4 collosal statues of

Great temple of Abu-Simbel
Ramses
[Egypt] Temple with 3 tiers, seemingly carved out of the rock;

Temple of Hatshepsut
built by Senenmut
Senenmut Built the Temple of Hatshepsut
Near East architecture is generally architecture that started

Mesopotamia
from which area?
SBAPS (Sumer, Babylonian, Civilizations that originated in Mesopotamia?

Assyria, Persia, Sassanian)
Which civilization is one of the earliest cities with a fortified

Sumer
wall?
mud-bricks Material used by Sumerians in their buildings.
Artificial mountains, tiered with rectangular stages and a

Ziggurats
temple at the summit.
Arcuated [Sumerian] Type of construction
What area of a ziggurat is oriented towards the cardinal

Corners
points?
Eridu, Uruk and Ur The cities of Sumer? (3)
Babylonians Civilization that conceptualized the number "0".
Hammurabi Code Law used as basis for the planned city of Babylon,
In Babylonian architecture, the gates that were dedicated to
Gate of Ishtar
the gods.
In Mesopotamian culture, which civilization uses winged

Assyrian
bulls, glazed bricks and murals?
Seven Stages How many stages do the Assyrian Ziggurats have?
Seraguo The palace proper of an Assyrian Palace?
Palace of Sargon Notable Assyrian palace?
Haram Private chambers in an Assyrian palace
Khan Service chambers in an Assyrian palace
Mesopotamian civilization that first introduced the use of

Persian
column.
Megaron An Anatolian house that has its entrance at the end.
Literally means "City of Persia"; this is where you will most

Persepolis
like;y find bull-capped columns
Hundred Column Hall Famous term for the Hypostyle hall of Xerxes.
A large hypostyle hall in Persian architecture; especially in

Apadana
Persepolis
"He created the Dymaxion House, ""the first machine for

Buckminster Fuller
living""."
Marcel Lajos Breuer Architect of the Bi-Nuclear House, the H-Plan.
"Mexican Architect/Engineer who introduced thin shell

Felix Outerino Candela
construction."
Agrippa The architect of the Pantheon.
Minoru Yamasaki Architect of the World Trade Center.
Bernini He erected the entrance Piazza at St. Peter's Basilica.
"Architects of the Hagia Sophia. (St. Sophia,

Anthemius and Isidorus
Constantinople)"
George Ramos Architect of the Lung Center of the Philippines.
"Who began the building of the Great Hypostyle Hall at

Thothmes I
Karnak?"
Ptolemy III Architect of the Great Serapeum at Alexandria.
"The dominating personality who became an ardent disciple

History
Iñigo Jones of Architecture of the Italian renaissance style."
Callimachus Conceptualized the Corinthian capital.
Theron Architect of the Temple of Zeus, Agrigentum
Libon Architect of the Temples of Zeus, Olympia.
"Roman architect of the Greek Temples of Zeus,

Cossutius
Olympius."
Mnesicles Architect of the Erechtheion.
Phidias Master sculptor of the Parthenon.
Welton Becket Architect of Manila Hilton Hotel.
Le Corbusier "A house is a machine to live in".
Eliel Saarinen Architect of the Chicago Tribune Tower.
Frank Lloyd Wright "Architecture is Organic".
Hennevique Invented reinforced concrete in France.
Jose Herrera First elected U.A.P. president.
Juan Nakpil First president and founder of PAS.
Felipe Mendoza Architect of the National Library, Philippines.
Juan Nakpil Designer of the Bonifacio Monument.
Guillermo Tolentino Sculptor for the Bonifacio Monument.
Shah Jahan Designer of the Taj Mahal.
Erich Mendelsohn Expressionist Architect.
John Ruskin and William Moris Founders of the "Art Noveau".
Felipe Mendoza Architect of the Batasang Pambansa.
Juan Nakpil Architect of the Philippine Heart Center.
Juan Nakpil Architect of the Rizal Memorial Stadium.
Juan Nakpil The architect of the Quiapo Church before its restoration.
Antonio Sin Diong Architect of SM Megamall.
Gabriel Formoso Central Bank of the Philippines, Manila.
George Ramos G.S.I.S. Building, Roxas Boulevard.
"Built by the Franciscan priest Fr. Blas dela Madre, this

History
Morong of Architecture church in Rizal whose design depicts the heavy influence of
Church
Spanish Baroque, was declared a national treasure."
"This church, 1st built by the Augustinian Fr. Miguel

Murguia, has an unusually large bell which was made from
Panay Cathedral in Capiz
approximately 70 sacks of coins donated by the towns
people."
"A raised stage reserved for the clergy in early Christian

Bema
churches."
Naos In Greek temples, the equivalent of the crypt is the ___.
"From the Greek temples, a temple that have porticoes of

Amphi-Prostyle
columns at the front and rear."
Cella Corresponds to the Greek naos.
"The first plan shape of the St. Peter's Basilica by

Greek Cross
Bramante."
"The final plan shape of the St. Peter's Basilica by Carlo

Latin Cross
Maderna."
"On either side of the choir, pulpits for the reading of the
Ambo
epistle and the gospel are"
"In some churches, there is a part which is raised as part of

the sanctuary which later developed into the transept, this is
Bema
the
___."
"In early Christian churches, the bishop took the central

Apse
place at the end of the church called ___."
Forum Orientation of the Roman temple is towards the ___.
East Orientation of the Greek temple is towards the ___.
South Orientation of the Etruscan temple is towards the ___.
West Orientation of the Medieval Church
"The space for the clergy and choir is separated by a low

Cancelli
screen wall from the body of the church called ___."
Little Metropole Cathedral, Smallest cathedral in the world. (Byzantine period)

Athens
"One of the few churches of its type to have survived

Nea Moni having a square nave and without cross-arms, roofed by a
dome which spans to the outer walls of the building."
Centralized Type of plan of the Byzantine churches.

Liceo de Manila First school which offered architecture in the Philippines
"The best example of a German Romanesque church with

Worms Cathedral
apses at both east and west ends."
Bouleuterion The council house in Greece.
Prytaneion The senate house of the Greeks.
Circus Maximus The oldest circus in Rome.
Forum Romanum The oldest and most important forum in Rome.
Tepidarium The warm room in the Thermae
Calidarium The Hot room of the Thermae
Sudatorium The dry or sweating room in the Thermae.
Apodyteria The dressing room of the Thermae.
Unctuaria The room for oils and unguents in the thermae.
"The colosseum in Rome also known as the ""flavian

Vespasian / Domitian amphitheater"" was commenced by whom and completed by
whom?"
"The finest of Greek Tombs, also known as the 'tomb of

Treasury of Atreus
Agamemnon'."
Xerxes Who commenced the 'hall of hundred columns'?
Domus The private house of the Romans.
Thalamus The sleeping room of the 'megaron'.
Insulae Roman apartment blocks
Villa Semi-palatial house surrounded by an open site
Atrium House A roman house with a central patio.
Balneum A small private bath found in Roman houses or palaces.
"A megalithic structure consisting of several large stones set

on end with a large
Menhir
covering slab
"
"Monumental gateway to an Egyptian temple consisting with

Pylon slanting walls flanking the entrance portal
"
"A massive funerary structure of stone or brick with a square

History of Architecture base and four sloping triangular sides meeting at the apex;
Royal pyramids
used mainly in ancient Egypt.
"
Megaron Principal room of Anatolian House
"It consists of the upright column or support including the

capital, base, if any, and the horizontal entablature or part
Order
supported.
"
Crepidoma The steps forming the base of a columned Greek temple
The principal chamber in a Greek temple containing the

Naos
statue of deity.
Dry sweating room with apodyteila or dressing room and

Thermae
unctuaria or for oils.
"A great awning drawn over roman theatres and

Velarium amphitheatres to protect spectators against the sun
"
Insulae Roman apartment block that rose four or more storey high
A canopy supported by columns generally placed over an

Baldachino
altar or tomb.
A long arcaded entrance porch to a Christian Basilican

Narthex
Church.
That part of a Greek house or Byzantine Church reserved for

Gymnaceum
women
Voussoirs Truncated wedge-blocks forming an arc
A monument erected in memory of one not interned in or

Cenotaph
under it
A rose or wheel window of the Romanesque Church was of

West door
ten placed over the
"A period in Gothic Architecture in France characterized by

Rayonnant circular windows with wheel tracery
"
Projecting ornament at the intersection of the ribs of ceilings,

Plough
whether vaulted or flat.
"A slight convex curvature built into truss or beam to

History of Architecture compensate for any anticipated deflection so that it will have
Camber
no sag when under load.
"
"A method of forming stonework with roughened surfaces

and recessed joints, principally employed in Renaissance
Rustication
building.
"
Sir Joseph Paxton Designer of the Crystal Palace, London
Antonio Gaudi Architect of the Sagrada Familia, Barcelona
James Hoban Architect of the White House, D.C.
Second Filipino registered architect after the well-known

Carlos Baretto
Tomas Mapua
A mosque principal place of worship, or use of the bldg. for

Masjid
Friday prayers
Muenzzin Man who leads the congregation at a prayer
Islamic Architectural style characterized by Friezes and Crestings
Kibla Sacred enclosure found at walls of Damascus great mosque
"Erected to the memory of his favorite wife Mumtaz Mahal, it

Shah-Jehan was the culminating work in the life of the emperor.
"
"In Romanesque arch're a period where an order founded by

Cluniac St. Bruno in 1806 is notably severe and adorned
"
sober & dignified General characteristic of the Romanesque empire was
sixtite Vaulting compartment into six parts known as
"A rectangular feature in the shape of a pillar, but projecting

pilaster strips only about one sixth of its breath from wall
"
Is a circular tower 16 m ( 52 ft. ) in diameter rising in 8 stories

campanile
of encircling arcades.
"Roughly carved of men and beasts used as support columns

ambrogio of projecting porches and of bishops throne.
"
Altars A secluded place
Castle Secular architecture

"The first Frankish king who became roman emperor, was
crowned in 800 at Rome by the pope, and ruled over the
Alexander
franks, which included central Germany and northern France
"
"Type of roof in which 4 faces rest diagonally between the

Helm Roof gables and converge at the top
"
"The most important of the distinctive characteristics of

Church bldgs. mature Spanish Romanesque architecture
"
"Is well endowed with medieval military achre and grand

Portugal castles are particularly numerous in castle
"
Alocabaca, Portugal Finest or Romanesque castles in Spain is at ____
Sited and designed to secure the routes from coastal ports

Fortress
to Jerusalem
fortification A civil settlement under the protection of a castle.
"A projecting wall or parapet allowing floor openings,

through w/c molten lead, pitch, stones were dropped only
machicolations
on an enemy below.
"
"A parapet having a series of indentions or embrasures,

battlement between which are raised portions known as merlons
"
"The upstanding part of an embattled parapet, between two

merlons crenels/ embrasure openings.
"
"A squared timber used in bldg. construction or a low ridge

bailey of earth that marks a boundary line
"
A Scandinavian wooden church with vertical planks forming

Steve church
the walls
"Architecture was marked by copy roofs which frequently

had more storey than the walls, and were provided with
domestic dormer windows to make through current of air for their use
as a drying ground for the large monthly wash
"
"A projection block or spur of stone carried with foliage to

History of Architecture decorate the raking lines formed by angles of spires and
crocket
canopies.
"
"An arch starting from a detached pier and abutting against a

buttress wall to take the thrust of the vaulting.
"
" A circular or polygonal apse when surrounded by an

transept ambulatory of which are chapels.
"
"An architectural style which in its period is the English

tudor equivalent of the high gothic of northern France first pointed.
"
mouldings Leafed ornament.
Vertical tracery members dividing windows into different

tracery
numbers of lights.
"The actual sanctuary of a church beyond the choir and

presbytery occupied only by the officiating clergy.
"
West minister abbey Single and most important building in Britain.
pantry A room, where food is stored in a manor house.
cimborio The screen/ ornamental work rising behind the altar.
finial Term applied to a tower crowned by a spire.
retablo A ledge or shelf behind an altar for holding vases or candles.
kibla Originally the minaret of the mosque.
The largest medieval cathedral and is somewhat German in

Florence Cathedral
character in north Italy.
"A space entirely or partly under a building in churches

generally beneath the chancel and used for burial in early
crypt
times.
"
"A movement which begun in Italy in the 15th century created

Renaissance a break in the continuous revolution of European times.
"
In renaissance archre, which is logically staid and serene

Palladian
architectural style?
"The phase in western European renaissance archre 1750-

History of Architecture 1830, when renewed inspiration was sought from ancient
antiquarian
Greek and roman architecture
"
"A term coined to describe the characteristics of the output

of Italian renaissance architects of the period 1530-1600.
mannerists
Characterized by unconventional use of classical elements
"
"A method of forming stonework with roughened surfaces

and recessed joints, principally employed in renaissance
Rustication
buildings
"
Reliquary A light portable receptacle for sacred relics
Brunelleschi Famous architect in Florence renaissance archre.
"The principal floor of an Italian palace, raised one floor

above ground level and containing the principal social
Piano Noble
apartments.
"
Donato Bramante Known architect in early renaissance.
Vertical members dividing windows into different numbers of

Mullion
lights.
transom Horizontal divisions or crossbars of windows.
"A twisted band, garland or chaplet, representing flowers,

wreath fruits, leaves often used in decoration.
"
"An ornament consisting of a spirally wound band, either as a

scroll running ornament or as a terminal.
"
"A room decorated with plants, sculpture and fountains (often

nymphaneum decorated with nymphs) and intended for relaxation.
"
rocaile France generally describe rococo as
"One of the winged heavenly beings that support the throne

of god or act as guardian spirits, or chubby, rosy- faced child
cherubin
with wings.
"
"Central shaft of a circular staircase also applied to the post

History of Architecture in which the handrail is framed.
newel
"
"A type of relief ornament or cresting resembling studded

leather straps, arranged in geometrical and sometimes
strapwork interlaced patterns; much used in the early renaissance
archre in England.
"
intercolumnation Space between the columns.
"An ornament in classic or renaissance archre consisting of an

assembly of straight lines intersecting at right angles of
fretwork
various patterns. Also called key pattern
"
A stone gallery over the entrance to the choir of a cathedral

pulpitum
or church.
"A term originally applied to the art of decorative painting in

many colors, extended to the coloring of sculpture to
polychromy enhance naturalism, also described to the application of
variegated materials to achieve brilliant or striking effects
"
"The selection of elements from diverse styles for

architectural decorative designs,particularly during the 2nd
expressionism
half of the 19th century in Europe and USA.
"
"A long dormer on the slope of a roof, it has no sides, the

eyebrow roofing being carried in a nave line.
"
"The central rounded of a pattern or ornament, an oculus,

skylight one at the summit of a dome.
"
"A vertical steel support cast iron was used until relatively
reja cheap steel became available.
"
The sanctuary of a classical temple, containing the cult statue

cella
of the God.
Also known as Siam (before 1993) and was named, meaning

Burma
"land of the free"
viharas A stupa in a form of a corn cob.
"Reflects Burma's cultural connections with China and India,

History
shwe of Architecture built over older foundations (16th-17th century) at Rangoon.
dagon pagoda
"
pitakat-taik Burma's term for monasteries.
pailou Chinese monumental gateway.
"Is the most famous for the eye catching tower he

constructed in Paris for the exposition universally of 1889
Alexandre Gustav Eiffel
work of Eiffel tower.
"
"One of the pioneers of the modern movement in American

Louis Henry Sullivan architecture. Work auditorium building, U.S.
"
Yamasaki and Roth Arch of the famous Twin Tower World Trade Center.
"Scottish architect and designer who was prominent in the

Charles Mackintosh arts and crafts movement in Great Britain.
"
"Received the "Patnubay ng Sining at Kalinanagan "award for

Tomas Mapua the city of manila, who is the architect?
"
"In 1989 he received the prtzker prize commonly referred to

as "The Noble of Architecture" the loftiest recognition. It is a
lifetime achievement award granted to living architect whose
Frank Gehry
body of work represents a superlative contribution to the
field.
"
"His first designs were drawings of fantastic architectural

visions in steel and glass as well as costume and poster
Erich Mendelsohn
design.
"
"Much of his works has been described as post modern,

since he rejected the excessive abstractionism of architects
Kahn, Louis such as Le Corbusier and strove instead to incorporate the
valid elements of older style.
"
"Spanish architects, one of the most creative practitioners of

his art in modern times.His style is often described as a blend
Antonio Gaudi of neo-gothic and art nouveau, but is also has surrealist and
cubist elements.
"
"One of the world's 1st futurist and global thinkers. His 1927
History of Architecture decision to work always and only for all humanity led him to
Buckminster Fuller address the largest global problems of poverty,disease and
homelessness.
"
"In his practice he explores the use of indigenous materials

infused with current technological trends to bring a new
Francisco Manosa
dimension in designs.
"
"Afterwards became deeply involved in the design and

building of French railways and bridges. He worked on
Gustave Eiffel structures such as bridge across the Garonne River, train
stations at Toulouse and again in France.
"
"He has actively promoted the use of native architectural

forms and indigenous nationals such as bamboo and thatch,
Francisco Manosa
in the creation of a distinctively Filipino architecture.
"
French-born, Brazilian architect and urban planner. This

Lucio Costa famous axiom "Each one sees whatever he wishes to see"
belongs to,
"He was the architect in his time that receives his license as
Buckminster Fuller award at his 60's or at the age of 60 yrs. old.
"
"An important Scottish architect who was particularly known

Robert Adam for his interiors based on classical decoration.
"
"He was called "Masters master" where his students are

Peter Behrens architects like Gropius, Breuer and Van de Rohe
"
Architect who leads the development of the 'Quezon

Francisco Manosa
Memorial Circle" in Quezon City.
984 ft. Eiffel tower I Paris stands.
Buckminster Fuller Starting with holes" belongs to architect
Le Corbusier A house is a machine to live in" philosophy belongs to
"He paid great attention to the detailing of the structure,

History of Architecture which he attributed to his father's teachings about
Mies van de Rohe
craftsmanship.
"
"One of his stylish choice which are circles and squares were
Richard Meier used in his design solutions.
"
His contributions where the advocacy of the idea of planning

Oscar Niemeyer
rooms by volume.
"His solutions to building problem were always direct,

transmitting to the ground by the shortest path the stresses
Nervi, Pier Luigi
developed within the structures.
"
Lucio Costa Father of modern architectural movement in Brazil.
Kenzo Tange A city is subjected to growth, delay and rebuilt"
"For Egyptian Architecture design, due to excessive

sunshine, there was no need for windows, the
hierogyphics
massive unbroken walls provided the surface for
________________."
"In Greek Architecture, It is the largest building atop

the Athenian Acropolis, It is a temple dedicated to
Parthenon Athena (The warrior of maiden) It is a Doric building,
and made entirely of white pentelic marble and
surrounded by freestanding column."
"In Greek Architecture, The __________ theater

designed (c.350 BC) by Polyclitus. It is among the
largest and best preserved ancient theaters in
Epidaurus Theater
Greece. The circular construction and the pitch of
the seats, where held close to 14,000 spectators,
permit nearly perfect acoustics."
"In Roman Architecture, It was built AD 72-82 in

Rome Italy, It is the largest Roman Amphitheater, A
four storey, elliptical structure that seated about
Colosseum
50,000 spectators. The exterior façade was
embellished with superimposed Doric, ionic and
Corinthian columns."
"In Roman Architecture, It was built AD 112, It was

History of Architecture designed by Apollodorous of Damascus for Emperor
Trajans forum
Trajan, it is often considered the most magnificent
and architecturally most pleasing."
"In Roman Architecture, The Pantheon (AD C118-28),

A monument of imperial Rome, revived the use of
brick and concrete in temple architecture. It is
Agrippa
symmetry is enchanced by its hemispherical dome,
Who is the architect of this historical monument?
(he is the son in law of Augustus.)"
"The Washington D.C. monument. The tapering shaft

contained in a Greek style temple, the obelisk is the
Robert Mills only remnant of the original blueprint that remains.
It was designed in the year 1812 by the American
Architect, What is the name of this Architect?"
"What is the name of the

Reims Cathedral Cathedral in France that was designed
by Jean d' Orbais.("
"In France, It is the official residence of President of

Elysee Palace France, It was built in 1718 by Claude Mollet for
Henry de la Tour d' Auvergne"
"In Philippine Architecture, It is considered the home

of the Sultans. Carved on the wooden posts in the
Torogan House niyaga, a stylized mytical snake design can be found.
It is the traditional residence of the reigning Sultan
of Maranaw people and his family."
"In Philippine Architecture, Being Isolated and wind

frequented area. The Batanes Islands, exhibit the
most different of all traditional Architecture in the
Ivatan's Rakuh Phil. The house is built solidly on all sides, made of a
meter thick rubble work, covered by thick thatch
roofing to withstand gales which frequent the area.
What is the name of this unique house?"
"The ___________________ is an art deco building

History of Architecture designed by the Filipino Architect Juan M. de
Guzman Arellano, and built in 1935. During the
liberation of Manila by the Americans in 1945, the
theatre was totally destroyed. After reconstruction
Manila Metropolitan Theatre by the Americans it gradually fell into disuse in the
1960's. In the following decade it was meticulously
restored but again fell into decay. Recently a bus
station has been constructed at the back of the
theatre. The City of Manila is planning a renovation
of this once magnificent building. "
"The Golden Empire Tower-( 1322 Roxas Boulevard)

is the tallest building along the boulevard and one of
the highest residential condominium in the world.
G.F.& Partners The one with the golden glass facing Manila Bay and
United States Embassy compound in Manila. Who is
the Filipino Architect of this famous residential
condominium?"
"For the Creation of Space ____________a Chinese

Philosopher, said, "The reality of the building does
Lao Tze
not consist in the roof and walls, but in the space
within to be lived in.""
The base or platform upon which a column, pedestal, statue,

Plinth
monument, or structure rests.
"(Greek Architecture) is a sculpted female figure serving as an

Caryatid architectural support taking the place of a column or a
pillar supporting an entablature on her head."
"Is an architectural device, typically carved in stone and

employed to decoratively emphasize the apex of a gable, or
Finial
any of various distinctive ornaments at the top, end, or
corner of a building or structure."
The architect who said that the exterior of the building is the
le Corbusier
result of the interior.
The later male counterpart of the caryatid and the name

Telamon
refers to the legend of Atlas,
"Is an architectural term related to ancient Greek buildings, is

the platform of, usually, three levels upon which the
Crepidoma superstructure of the building is erected. The levels typically
decrease in size incrementally, forming a series of steps
along all or some sides of the building."
The Filipino Architect Who Designed the 66Meters(217 ft')

History
Federico of Architecture
Ilustre
height Pylons Quezon Memorial Circle.
"Is an ornamental molding or band following the curve of the

underside of an arch, It is composed of bands of
Archivolt
ornamental moldings (or other architectural elements)
surrounding an arched opening,"
"is a term used for Ancient Greek Plays in order to describe

Eisodos any of two passageways leading into the orchestra,
between theatron and skenê (also known as the parodos)."
A monumental, four-sided stone shaft, usually monolithic and

Obelisk
tapering to a pyramidal tip.
A caulking material made from old hemp rope fibers that

Aokum
have been treated with tar.
A waterspout projecting from the roof gutter of a building,

Gargoyle
often carved grotesquely(Sculpture).
"Is a statue, building, or other edifice created to

commemorate a person or important event. They are
Monument
frequently used
to improve the appearance of a city or location."
"The Greek council house which is covered meeting place for

Bouleuterion the
democratically-elected council is called:"
"The Grandest Temple of all Egyptian temples, it was not built

by
Great Temple of Ammon, upon one complete plan but owes its size, disposition and
Karnak magnificence to the work of many Kings. Built from the 12th
Dynasty
to the Ptolemaic period."
Andrea Palladio The father of modern picture books of Architecture
"The man of learning... can fearlessly look down upon the

troublesome accidents of fortune. But he who thinks himself
Ten books of Architecture by
entrenched in defense not of learning but of luck, moves one
Marcus Vitruvius
slippery
path, struggling though life unsteadily and insecurely.""
"Tomb of Atreus, a noted example of the tholos type of tomb

Tomb of Agamemnon is
also known as:"
"The memorial column built in the form of tall Doric order

History
Trajan's of Architecture and
Column
made entirely f marble is;"
"It is the eclectic style of domestic architecture of the 1870's

and
the 1880's in England and the USA and actually based on
country
Queen Anne style
house and cottage Elizabeth architecture which was
characterized by
a blending of Tudor Gothic, English Renaissance and colonial
elements in the USA:"
"An English Architect who prepared plan for London i.e., St.
Peter
Sir Christopher Wren 's and St. Paul Cathedral; Proposed a Network of Avenues
connecting
the main features of London."
"The sacred enclosure fond in the highest part of a Greek city

Temenos is
called:"
"The architect who claimed that: "The ultimate goal of the

new
architecture was the composite but inseparable work of an
Walter Gropius art, in
which the old diving line between monumental and
decorative
elements will have disappeared forever.""
"The architect who said that the exterior of the building is the
Le Corbusier
result of the interior"
"The building that serve as a senate house for the chief

dignitaries
Prytaneion of the city and as a palace where distinguished visitors and
citizens
might be entertained."
"It is a traditional house that was called binangiyan. It was a

single room dwelling elevated at 1.50 meters from the
ground; the
Kankanay
floor were made of hard wood like narra which rested on 3
floor joist
which in turn were supported by transverse girders."
"It is the third phase of English-Gothic Architecture where

History of Architecture elaborated ornamental vaulting, and refinement of
Decorated style
stonecutting
techniques."
"Enclosure formed by huge stones planted on the ground in

Cromlech
circular form."
"A style in the architecture Italy I the second half of the 16th
century and to a lesser extent elsewhere in Europe. It uses
Mannerism
classical
elements in an unconventional manner."
The Greek council house which is covered meeting place for

Bouleuterion
the democratically-elected council is called
The Grandest Temple of all Egyptian temples, it was not built

Great Temple of Ammon, by upon one complete plan but owes its size, disposition and
Karnak magnificence to the work of many Kings. Built from the 12th
Dynasty to the Ptolemaic period
"A ____________ is a ___________ which extends vertically from lowest

portion of the wall which adjoins two living units up to a
minimum height of 0.30 meters above the highest portion of
Firewall; Fireblock
the roof and extends horizontally 0.30 meters beyond the
outermost edge of the abutting living units?
"
"The father of modern picture books of Architecture

Andrea Palladio
"
""The man of learning... can fearlessly look down upon the

troublesome accidents of fortune. But he who thinks himself
10 books of architecture by entrenched in defense not of learning but of luck, moves one
Vitruvius slippery path, struggling though life unsteadily and
insecurely."
"
"It was the first law passed by the national assembly in 1921
where the maestros de obra or the master builders are
Engr's & Archt. Law Act 2986
required to register as architects?
"
Tomb of Atreus, a noted example of the tholos type of tomb

Tomb of Agamemnon
is also known as
The memorial column built in the form of tall Doric order and
Trajans Column
made entirely if marble is
Early type of settlement in America taken after the "baug"

History
Medieval of Architecture
Organic City (military town) and "fauborg" (citizen's town) of the medieval
ages
It is the eclectic style of domestic architecture of the 1870's

and the 1880's in England and the USA and actually based on
Queen anne Style country house and cottage Elizabeth architecture which was
characterized by a blending of Tudor Gothic, English
Renaissance and colonial elements in the USA
"Le Corbusier planned a high density building that was a

"super building" that contained 337 dwellings in only acres of
Unite d Habitation land. What is the structure that supposed to be located in
Marseilles?
"
"An English Architect who prepared plan for London i.e., St.
Peter 's and St. Paul Cathedral; Proposed a Network of
Sir Christopher Wren
Avenues connecting the main features of London.
"
"The sacred enclosure fond in the highest part of a Greek city

Temenos is called:
"
"The architect who claimed that: "The ultimate goal of the

new architecture was the composite but inseparable work of
Walter Gropius an art, in which the old diving line between monumental and
decorative elements will have disappeared forever."
"
"The architect who said that the exterior of the building is the
result of the interior.
Le Corbusier
"
The building that serve as a senate house for the chief

prytaneion dignitaries of the city and as a palace where distinguished
visitors and citizens might be entertained
It is a traditional house that was called binangiyan. It was a

single room dwelling elevated at 1.50 meters from the
Kankanay ground; the floor were made of hard wood like narra which
rested on 3 floor joist which in turn were supported by
transverse girders
Cavaea ??? on natural rocks in a Greek theater is called
It is the third phase of English-Gothic Architecture where

History
Decorated of Architecture elaborated ornamental vaulting, and refinement of
Style
stonecutting techniques
Enclosure formed by huge stones planted on the ground in

Chromlech
circular form
A revival style based on the buildings and publications of the

Palladianism 6th century architect marked by ancient Roman Architectural
forms
"TS MOST OUTSTANDING ACHIEVEMENTS ARE ITS

MASSIVE FUNERARY MONUMENTS & TEMPLES BUILT OF
STONE FOR PERMANENCE, FEATURING ONLY POST-AND-
Egyptian Architecture
LINTEL CONSTRUCTION & CORBEL VAULTS W/ OUT
ARCHES & VAULTING
"
"CHARACTERIZED BY CLEAR PLANS, MASSIVE

Romanesque Architecture ARTICULATED WALL STRUCTURES, ROUND ARCHES, &
POWERFUL VAULTS"
"CHARACTERIZED BY POINTED ARCH, THE GRADUAL

REDUCTION OF
Gothic Architecture
THE WALLS TO A SYSTEM OF RICHLY DECORATED
FENESTRATION"
Rayonant CHARACTERIZED BY RADIATING LINES OF TRACERY
Flamboyant CHARATERIZED BYFLOWING A FLAME-LIKE TRACERY.
"CHARACTERIZED BY THE USE OF THE CLASSICAL

Renaissance Architecture ORDERS, ROUND
ARCHES, and SYMMETRICAL COMPOSITION."
"MODE OF BLDG FOLLOWING THE STRICT ROMAN FORMS,

A SET FORTH IN THE PUBLICATIONS OF THE ITALIAN REN.
Palladianism ARCH'T.ANDREA PALLADIO (1508-1580). STYLE BASED ON
A CLOSED STUDY OF ANTIQUITY.
"
"TRANSITIONAL STYLE IN "TRANSITIONAL STYLE IN ARCH'RE & THE ARTS IN THE

ARCH'RE & THE ARTS IN THE LATE 16th. CENT, CHARATERIZED IN ARCH'RE BY
LATE 16th. CENT, UNCOVENTIONAL USE OF CLASSICAL ELEMENTS.
CHARATERIZED IN ARCH'RE "
BY UNCOVENTIONAL USE
OF CLASSICAL ELEMENTS.
"
"IS CHARACTERIZED BY INTERPRETATION OF OVAL

History of Architecture SPACES, CURVED SURFACES, & CONSPICUOUS USE
DECORATION, ACULPTURE & COLOR. ITS LAST PHASE IS
Baroque CALLED "ROCOCO BOLD, OPULENT & IMPRESSIVE TYPE
OF ARCH'RE.
"
"THE PHASE IN WESTERN EUROPIAN RENASSAINCE

ARCH'RE 1750-1830, WHEN RENED INSPIRATION WAS
Antiquarian SOUGHT FROM ANCIENT GREEK & ROMAN ARCH'RE ( NEO
CLASSICAL)
"
"( FR. ROCALLE - ROCKWORK) A TERM APPLIED TO TYPE

OF RENAISSANCE ORNAMENT IN W/C ROCK-LIKE FORMS,
FANTASTIC SCROLLS, & CRIMPED SHELLS ARE WORK UP
TOGETHER IN A PRO-
Rococco
FUSION & COMFUSION OF DETAIL OFTEN W/ OUT
ORGANIC COHERENCE BUT PRESENTING A LAVISH
DISPLAY OF DECORATION.
"
"SIVERSMITH-LIKE"; THE "SIVERSMITH-LIKE"; THE RICHLY DECORATIVE STYLE OF

RICHLY DECORATIVE STYLE THE SPANISH RENAISSANCE.
OF THE SPANISH "
RENAISSANCE.
"
"THE TRANSITIONAL STYLE BETWEEN GOTHIC &

RENAISSANCE IN ENGLAND, NAMED AFTER ELIZABETH I;
Elizabethan Architecture MAINLY COUNTRY HOUSES, CHARATERIZED BY LARGED
MILLIONED WINDOWS & STRAPWORK ORNAMENTATION
"
"ENGLISH ARCH'L & DECORATIVE STYLE OF THE EARLY 17th

CENT. , ADAPTING THE ELIZABETHAN STYLE TO
Jacobean Architecture CONTINENATL RENAISSANCE INLUENCES; NAMED AFTER
JAMES I
"
"THE PREVAILING STYLE OF THE 18th CENT. IN GREAT

BRITAIN & THE NORTH AMERICAN COLONIES, SO NAMED
AFTER GEORGE I, II, III, BUT NOT INCLUDE GEORGE IV.
Gregorian Architecture
DERIVED FROM CLASSICAL, RENAISSANCE, & BAROQUE
FORMS.
"
"TERM IN A SPECIALIZED SENSE TO DESCRIBE ONE OF THE

History of Architecture ATTITUDES OF TASTE TOWARDDS ARCH'RE & LANDSCAPE
GARDENING IN THE LATE 18th & EARLY 19th CENT. BLDG'S &
Picturesque Architecture
LANDSCAPE WERE TO HAVE THE CONTROLLED
INFORMALITY OF A PICTURE.
"
Mythical monsters each with the body of a lion and a head of

Sphinx
a man, hawk, ram or woman possessed
An ancient Egyptian rectangular, flat-topped funerary mound

Mastaba with battered (sloping) sides covering a burial chamber blow
ground
Huge monoliths, square on plan and tapering to an

electrum-capped (alloy of silver & gold) "pyra-midion" at the
Obelisk
summit, which was the sacred part. The four sides are cut with
hieroglyphics
A massive funerary structure of stone or brick with a square

Pyramid
base and four sloping triangular sides meeting at the apex
Batter Inward inclination or slope of an outward wall
Consists of a complex of "sarsen" (any of the many large

sedimentary rocks that have been broken into blocks by frost
Stonehenge action and are found scattered across the chalk downs of
southern England )stones and smaller blue stones set in a
circle and connected by lintels
Artificial Mountains made up of tiered (layered), rectangular

Ziggurat
stages which rose in number from one to seven
Pictorial representation of religious ritual, historic events and

Hieroglyphics
daily pursuits
An ancient structure usually regarded as a tomb, consisting

Dolmen of two or more large upright stones set with a space
between and capped by a horizontal stone
Any of the pieces, in the shape of a truncated wedge, which

form an arch or a vault. A wedge-shaped stone: a wedge-
Voussoirs
shaped brick or stone used to form the curved parts of an
arch or vault
In ancient Greece/ Rome, a room or covered area or open

History of Architecture on one side used as a meeting place; architecture history
conversation room: a room for relaxation or conversation,
especially a semicircular recess in a larger hall with a
Exedra
continuous bench along the wall; furniture long curved
outdoor bench: a long curved or semicircular outdoor
bench, usually with a high back; architecture recess: any kind
of recess or niche (technical)
The sanctuary of a classical temple, containing the cult statue

Cella
of the god
Domical mounds which grouped with their rails, gateways,

professional paths and crowning umbrella came to be known
Stupa as symbols of the universe; a Buddhist shrine, temple, or
pagoda that houses a relic or marks the location of an
auspicious event.
An adjective used to describe an artist who selects forms

Eclectic and ideas from different periods or countries and combines
them to produce a harmonious whole.
The exposed undersurface of any overhead component of a

building such as an arch, balcony, beam, cornice, lintel or
Soffit vault. bottom surface: the underside of a structural
component of a building, for example the underside of a
roof overhang or the inner curve of an arch
a large fortified (armed) place; a fort often including a town;

Fortress
any place of security.
the term applied to the triangular curved overhanging

surface by means of which a circular dome is supported over
Pendentive a square or polygonal compartment. a sloping triangular
piece of vaulting between the arches that support a dome
and its rim
Pre-Columbian edifice dedicated to the service or worship

of their god which is made of stones entered by a single
Mayan Temple Pyramid
door to a very steep single flight of steps, above it rises a
high stone roof
Term in a specialized sense to describe one of the attitudes

of taste towards architecture and landscape gardening in the
Picturesqueness late 18th and early 19th century; very attractive: visually
pleasing enough to be the subject of a painting or
photograph
A term originally applied painting on a wall while the plaster

History of Architecture is wet and is not in oil colors. painting done on fresh plaster:
Fresco
a painting on a wall or ceiling made by brushing watercolors
onto fresh damp plaster, or onto partly dry plaster
A long colonnaded building, served many purposes, used

around public places and as shelter at religious shrines; an
Stoa ancient covered walkway: in ancient Greece, a covered
walkway, usually with a row of columns on one side and a
wall on the other
Carved male figures serving as pillars also called

TELAMONES; architecture figure of man used as support: a
Atlantes
figure of a man, either standing or kneeling, used as a
support for the upper part of a classical building
Abacus A slab forming the crowning member of a column
A swelling or curving outwards along the outline of a column

shaft, designed to counteract the optical illusion which gives
a shaft bounded by straight lines the appearance of curving
Entasis
inwards; a bulge in architectural column: a slight bulge in the
shaft of a column, designed to counter the visual impression
of concavity that a perfectly straight column would give
The vertical channeling on the shaft of a column;

Flutes architecture: groove in column: a groove running down an
architectural column
Caryatids Sculptures female figures used as columns or supports
the portion of a pedestal between its base and cornice. A

Daado term also applied to the lower portions of walls when
decorated separately.
The sharp edge formed by the meeting of two surface

Arris
usually in DORIC columns
a small flat band between mouldings to separate them from

Fillets each other. architecture flat narrow moulding: a raised or
sunken ornamental surface set between larger surfaces
A triangular piece of wall above the entablature enclosed by

raking cornices; architecture gable on colonnade: a broad
Pediment
triangular or segmental gable surmounting a colonnade as
the major part of a facade
Plinth The lowest square member of the base of a column
Town square, was the center of social and business life,

History of Architecture around which were stoas, or colonnaded porticoes, temples,
Agora
markets, public buildings, monuments, shrines.
These are arches erected to emperors and generals

commemorating victorious campaigns; has one or three
openings. Such arches were adorned with appropriate bas-
Triumphal Arch
reliefs (flat sculpture; slightly projecting) and usually carried
grit-bronze statuary (statues considered collectively) on an
attic storey and having a dedicatory inscription in its face
Palatial public baths of Imperial Rome raised on a high

Thermae platform; hot springs: hot springs or baths, especially the
public baths of ancient Rome
Elliptical Amphitheatres are characteristically Roman

Colosseum buildings found in every important settlement, used to
display of mortal combats (gladiatorial)
A roman structure where immense quantities of water were

required for the great thermae and for public fountains, and
Aquaducts for domestic supply for the large population; a channel for
water: a pipe or channel for moving water to a lower level,
often across a great distance
Corresponds (links) to the Agora in a Greek city was a central

Forum open space, used a public meeting space, market or
rendezvous for political demonstrations.
A turret (small rounded tower) or part of a building elevated

Pinaccle above the main building. architecture pointed ornament: a
pointed ornament on top of a buttress or parapet
Taken from a tomb chamber, or the ornamental treatment

given to a stone coffin hewn out of one block of marble and
with sculptures, figures and festoons (garland) of a late
Sarcophagus
period, surmounted by lids like roofs terminating in scrolls.
stone coffin: an ancient stone or marble coffin, often
decorated with sculpture and inscriptions
A term applied to monumental tombs. They consisted of

Mausolleum large cylindrical blocks, often on a quadrangular podium,
topped with a conical crown of earth or stone.
Groins Line of intersection of cross-vaults
Sunk panels, caissons or lacunaria formed in ceilings, vaults

Coffers or domes; sunken panel in a ceiling: a decorative sunken
panel in a ceiling
A mass of masonry built against a wall to resist the pressure

History
Butress of Architecture of an arch & vault.
an arch covering in stone or brick over any building;
architecture arched ceiling: an arched structure of stone,
Vault brick, wood, or plaster that forms a ceiling or roof; a room
with arched ceiling: a room, especially an underground
room, with an arched ceiling
A long arcaded entrance porch to a Christian Basilican

Narthex
Church
A building or a part of a church in which baptism is

baptisteries
administered
Font a basin usually of stone which holds the water for baptism.
A vault having a circular plan, and usually in the form of a

Dome sphere portion, so constructed as to exert an equal thrust in
all directions
Bema A raised stage in a Basilican church reserved for the clergy
A range of arches supported on piers or columns attached to

Arcade
or detached from the wall.
A raised pulpit on either side of a Basilican church from

Ambo
which the epistle of a gospel were read
Decorative surfaces formed by small cubes of stones, glass &

Mosaic
marble
A canopy supported by columns generally placed over an

Baldachino
altar or tomb. Also known as "CIBORIUM".
A longitudinal division of an interior area, as in a church,

Aisle
separated from the main area by arcades or the like.
The principal or central longitudinal area of a church,

extending from the main entrance or narthex to the
CHANCEL (area of church near altar: an area of a church
Nave
near the altar for the use of clergy and choir, often separated
from the nave by a screen or steps) usually flanked by aisles
of less height
The circular or multi-angular termination of a church

Apse
sanctuary. A rounded projection of a building
Kiosk A small pavilion, usually open - built in gardens & parks.
An inward-looking building whose prime purpose is for

History of Architecture contemplation & prayer. A space without object of adoration.
Mosque
(Muslim)
A block of stone, often elaborately carved or moulded,

Corbel projected from a wall, supporting the beams of a roof, floor
or vault.
a tall tower in, or continuous to a mosque arch stairs leading

Minaret up to one or more balconies from which the faithful are
called to prayer
A diagonal cutting of an arris formed by two surfaces at an

Chamfer
angle
An approach or an open forecourt surrounded by arcades in

Atrium
a Basilican church.
A small arch or bracket built across each angle of a square or

polygonal structure to form an octagon or other appropriate
base for a dome or a spire. An interior supporting part of a
Squinch
tower: an arch, corbelling, or lintel built across the upper
inside corner of a square tower to support the weight of a
spire or other structure above
Women's or private quarters of a house or place in Islamic

Harem
architecture.
An empty tomb. A monument erected in memory of one not

Cenotaph
interred in or under it.
A double curve, resembling the letter "S", formed by the

Ogee
union of a curve and a convex line
The central stone of a semi-circular arch, sometimes

Keystone
sculptured.
a screen in a Greek orthodox church on which icons or

(sacred images), pictures, are placed separating the chancel
from the space, open to the laity. An altar screen decorated
Iconostasis
with icons: a screen on which icons are mounted, used in
Eastern Orthodox churches to separate the area around the
altar from the main part of the church
A covered porch (porch-roofed exterior of a room) or

balcony (balcony- a platform projecting from an interior or
Verandah
exterior wall of a building) extending along the outside of a
building, planned for summer leisure.
A public open space in Byzantine architecture, surrounded

History
Piazza of Architecture by buildings
Geometrical ornaments due to absence of human and animal
Arabesque
statues; an ornate design
The triangular space enclosed by the curve of an arch, a

vertical line from its springing, a horizontal line through its
Spandrel
apex. A space between one arch or another. Space between
two arches and a cornice
small towers, often containing stairs, and forming special

Turret
features in medieval buildings.
Vertical tracery members dividing windows into different

numbers of light. A vertical window divider: a vertical piece
Mullions
of stone, metal, or wood that divides the panes of a window
or the panels of a screen
A castle in a French-speaking country or a stately residence.

A French castle: a castle or large house in France, often one
Chateau
that has a vineyard attached and gives its name to wine
produced there
A slender wooden spire rising from a roof. A slender church

Fleche spire: a slender spire, especially one that emerges from the
roof of a church at the point where the ridges intersect.
a (shell) or a recess in a wall, hallowed like a shell for a statue

Niche
or ornament.
(Lump or knob) or projecting ornament at the intersection of

Boss
the ribs of ceilings, whether vaulted or flat.
Is a rectangular feature in the shape of a pillar, but projecting

Pilaster Strip only about one sixth of its breadth (distance from side to
side) from the wall.
Chatris An umbrella shaped copula.
- The ornamental pattern work in stone, filling the upper part

Tracery
of a gothic window.
The high platform on which temples were generally placed

(in general, any elevate platform). A foundation wall: a low
Podium
wall forming a foundation or base, for example for a
colonnade
The part of a cruciform church, projecting at right angles to

History of Architecture the main building. Wings of church: the part of a cross-
Transept
shaped church that runs at right angles to the long central
part (nave)
Vaulting in Romanesque in which a framework of ribs

supported thin stone panels. The new method consisted in
Rib & Panel designing the profile of the transverse (crosswise or at right
angle with something), longitudinal and diagonal ribs to
which the form of the panels was adopted
Special term for a lantern or raised structure above a roof

Cimborio
admitting light into the interior
A room where food is stored; a pantry ( a walk-in cupboard);

Larder
a cupboard
Spire The tapering termination of a tower in Gothic churches
Steeple The term applied to a tower crowned by a spire
Wardrobe - A room for storage of garments
A slight convex curvature built into a truss or beam to

Camber compensate for an anticipated deflection so that it will gave
no sag when under load.
Covered passages around an open space or "Garth",

Coisters connecting the church to the chapter house; a small
courtyard or enclosed space
A serving room between kitchen and dining room, or a room

Pantry
for storage of food supplies
Stellar Vault A vault in which the ribs compose a "star-shaped" pattern
A building complex of a certain English order or a self-

Monastery
contained community used by monks
A bay window especially cantilevered or corbelled out from

Oriel Window
the face of the wall by means of projecting stones.
Refectory The dining hall of a monastery, convent or college
An ornament consisting of a spirally wound band, either as a

Scroll running ornament or as a terminal, like the volutes of the
ionic capital.
Palazzo An Italian impressive building or private building
One of a number of short vertical members often circular in

History of Architecture section used to support a stair handrail or a coping (wall's
Baluster
capping surface).
a term applied to a type of Renaissance ornament in which

rock-like forms fantastic scrolls, and 'crimped' folded or
pressed together) shells (are worked up together in a
profusion and confusion of detail often without organic
Rococo
coherence but presenting a lavish display of decoration; Any
excessively ornate or fancy style; A style of architecture and
the decorative arts characterized by intricate ornamentation
that was popular throughout Europe in the early 18th century.
In France, anything extravagantly ornamented, so ornate as

baroque to be in bad taste, a style of art and architecture in Italy in the
17th to 18th century.
A tower not connected with "Bell". A term applied to the

Belfry
upper room in a tower in which the bells are hung.
The entire construction of a classical temple or the like,

Entablature between the columns and the eaves usually composed of an
architrave, frieze, and a cornice.
(BRITISH) The hall built or used by medieval association as of

merchants and tradesmen, organized to maintain standards
Doge's Hall
that constituted a governing body. (Doge = Italian
renaissance chief magistrate)
(little house for pleasure & recreation). A prominent structure,

Pavillion
generally distinctive in character.
The space about the altar of a church, usually separated by a

Chancel screen for the clergy and other officials, usually referred to
as the "choir
An eternal solid angle of a wall or the like. One of the stones

forming it, corner stone (Renaissance) A block forming a
Quoins corner: a stone block used to form a quoin, especially when
it is different, for example in size or material, from the other
blocks or bricks in the wall
A "BRACKET": is a projecting member to support a weight

Console generally formed with scrolls or volute when carrying the
upper member of the cornice
A space entirely or partly under a building; in churches,

History of Architecture generally beneath the chancel and used for burial in earlier
Crypt times. An underground chamber: an underground room or
vault, often below a church, used as a burial chamber or
chapel, or for storing religious artifacts
The central shaft of a circular staircase. Also applied to the

Newel
post in which the handrail is framed.
The chief magistrate's buildings, in the former republic of

Doge's Palace
Venice & Genoa.
A spherical roof, (a dome-shaped roof) placed like an

inverted cup over a circular square or multi-angular
Cupola
apartment. A dome on roof: a small dome on a roof,
sometimes made of glass and providing natural light inside
An ante-room to a larger apartment of a building; An

Vestibule entrance hall: a small room or hall between an outer door
and the main part of a building
A construction such as a tower, at the crossing of a church

Lantern
rising above the neighboring roofs and glazed at the sides
A twisted band, garland or chaplet, representing flowers,

fruits leaves, often used in decoration; A circular
arrangement of flowers: a circular arrangement of flowers
and greenery placed as a memorial on a grave, hung up as a
Wreath
decoration, or put on somebody's head as a sign of honor; a
representation of wreath: a representation of a circular
arrangement of flowers, vines, or other things, for example in
a carving or on a coat of arms; [headdress; garland; laurel]
In Renaissance, a room used primarily for exhibition of art

Salon objects, or a drawing room;[grand sitting room; social
gathering of intellectuals; art exhibition or gallery]
A roof having a double slope on four sides; the lower slope

Mansard being much steeper and the flatter upper portion. Also
known as the gambrel roof.
A room decorated with plants, sculpture and fountains (often

decorated with beautiful Maiden living in Rivers, trees) and
Nymphaeum
intended for relaxation. [nymph: a spirit or a minor goddess
of nature; or a beautiful young woman]
An ornate iron grille, or screen, a characteristic feature of

History of Architecture Spanish Church interiors; An architectural decoration: a
Finial
carved decoration at the top of a gable, spire, or arched
structure
A support for a column statue or a vase, it usually consists of

Pedestal
a base. "Die" or Dado, and a cornice or cap mould
A window in a sloping roof usually that of a sleeping

apartment. A window projecting from roof: a window for a
Dormer
room within the roof space that is built out at right angles to
the main roof and has its own gable
A bust (sculpture of head & shoulders) on a square pedestal

instead of a human body, used in classic times to mark
Hermes
boundaries on highways, and used decoratively in
Renaissance times.
Vertical members dividing windows into different number of

Mullions
lights
A Spanish arcaded or colonnaded yard; a paved area outside

a house: a paved area adjoining a house, used for outdoor
Patio dining, growing plants in containers, and recreation. A
roofless courtyard: a roofless inner courtyard typical of a
Spanish-style house
Also called 'brackets" or "consoles" or "ancones". It is a

projecting member to support a weight. generally formed
with scrolls or volutes which carry the upper member of a
Modilions cornice (a projecting moulding at the top of a wall or at
where the wall & ceiling meets); also a bracket in Corinthian
order: a small curved ornamental bracket under the corona
of a Corinthian or Composite column
Transom The horizontal divisions or crossbars of windows.
A decorative niche often topped with a canopy and housing

Tabernacle
a statue or an icon.
(to walk) the cloister (covered walkway around a courtyard)

Ambulatory or covered passage around the east end of the church,
behind the altar.
Also called "key pattern" the upper portion of the pinnacle

[pinnacle: pointed ornament: a pointed ornament on top of a
Finial
buttress or parapet]; an architectural decoration: a carved
decoration at the top of a gable, spire, or arched structure
a raised platform reserved for the seating of speakers and

History of Architecture dignitaries; a raised platform: a raised platform at the end of
Dais
a hall or large room. [podium, platform, pulpit, stage]
The window of a protruded bay or the windowed bay itself. A

protruding window: a rounded or three-sided window that
Bay Window
sticks out from an outside wall and forms a recess on the
inside
Bulbous termination to the top of a tower, found principally

Helm Roof
in Central & Eastern Europe
A communicating passage or wide corridor for pictures and

Gallery
statues. An upper storey for seats in a church
A type of relief ornament or cresting [cresting: a decorative

roof ridge: an ornamental ridge on a roof ] resembling the
Strapwork studded leather straps arranged in geometrical and
sometimes interlaced patterns much used in the early
renaissance architecture of England.
Intercolumnation The space between two columns
One of the winged heavenly beings that support the throne

Cherubs of God or act as guardian spirits, or Chubby, a rosy-faced
child with wings
Earth-baked (unglazed) or burnt in moulds. For use in

Terracotta construction, harder in quality than brick. [brownish red
color]
A coat of arms; connected with heraldry or heralds:

Heraldic
belonging or relating to heraldry or heralds
Phase of the early period of Spanish architecture of the later

15th and early 16th century, an intricate style named after its
Plateresque Architecture likeness to silverwork; elaborately decorated: relating to a
heavily decorated architectural style fashionable in 16th-
century Spain, reminiscent of elaborate silverware
An elevated enclosed stand in a CHURCH in which the

Pulpit
preacher stands
A roofed but open-sided structure affording an extensive

view, usually located at the rooftop of a dwelling but
sometimes an independent building or an eminence (a hill)
Belvedere
on a formal garden; a building with fine view: a building or
part of a building positioned to offer a fine view of the
surrounding area
An expression of Spanish baroque architecture and

History of Architecture sculpture, a recurrent feature was the richly garlanded spiral
Churrigueresque
columns. [flamboyant-showy; brightly colored; highly
decorated ornamentation]
A movable candle lamp-stand with central shaft, and often

branches or decorative representation thereof; a branching
Candelabra
light fitting: a large decorative candle holder with several
arms or branches, or a similarly shaped electric light fitting
(grating: metal grille) an ornament in classic or renaissance

Fretwork architecture consisting of an assembly of straight lines
intersecting at right angles, and of various patterns.
Outstanding architectural creation in Sri Lanka which is a

Wata Dage
circular relic house built in stone and brick.
Picturesque composition built in America since 1980. Hall

timbering and massive medieval chimney. Identified by
Tudor Revival
prominent gables and large expansive windows with small
panes.
a large convex moulding used principally in the bases of

Torus
columns.
Most typical Chinese building, usually octagonal in plan, odd

number o stories usually 9 or 13 storeys and repeated roofs,
Pagoda
highly colored and with upturned eaves, slopes to each
storey.
One storey with low-overhanging roof and broad front

porch. Unpretentious style often rambling spread out floor
Bungallow plan, more expensive to build; lightweight tropical house: a
simply-built one-storey house with a veranda and a wide,
gently sloping roof in Southeast Asia and the South Pacific
A glazed earth ware originally made in Italy; pottery with

Faience colored glaze: earthenware decorated with colored opaque
metallic glazes (often used before a noun)
Monumental pillars standing free without any structural

function, with circular or octagonal shafts with inscriptions
Stambas / Laths
carved in it. The capital was bell-shaped and crowned with
animal supported bearing the Buddhist will of Law.
Most famous of ancient Chinese building undertakings. It

snakes, loops, and doubles back on itself. Meandering across
Great Wall
valleys, plains, scaling mountains, plunging into deep gorges
and leaping raging rivers of 3,700 miles.
An art free from any historical style characterized by forms

ArtHistory
Noveau of Architecture of nature for ornamentation in the façade aptly called for the
floral design.
a school founded by Gropius in 1919, developing a form of

bauhaus training intended to relate art and architecture to technology
and the practical needs of human life.
Fenestration The arrangement and design of windows in a building
Architectonic Relating or conforming to technical architectural principles.
Rarhs Rock-cut temples in India
A structural system consisting of trusses in two directions

rigidly connected at their intersections. A rectangular shape
Space Frame
is formed where the top and bottom chords of the trusses
are directly above & below one another.
a type of timber framing in America about 1820s wherein it

Baloon Framing owes its strength to the walls, roof acting as diaphragms, and
not on the post. It is an extension of the roof.
A Chinese ceremonial gateway erected in memory of an

Pai Lou
eminent person
Bonsai A dwarf tree which is a perfect reflection of Japanese culture
An elegant two storey, rectangular town house with a

massive stone first floor, and a light and airy second floor,
mother-of-pearl or "capiz" windows and picturesque wide
Antillan House
tile roof. Entrance is of Heavy plank door with wrought iron
or brass nails, sturdy balustrades of wood or iron grilles
below windows to let in cool air.
An open-roofed gallery in an upper storey built for giving a

Belvedere
view of the scenery.
In Japan, a structure where the appreciation of the arts and

Tea House
flower arrangement, with drinking ceremony is done
Intercolumniation is regulated by this standard of Japanese

measurement, which is divided into 20 parts called minutes
Ken
and each minute being again divided into 20 parts or
seconds of space.
Cordillera one room house on four wooden posts with an

Ifugao/ Bontoc House animal or insect barrier and a pyramidal roof Cogon grass
built without nails
A house with a prow-like (front of ship) majestic roof, the

History of Architecture polychrome, extravagant wooden carvings derived from the
Nipa House Malay Mythical bird the "Sari Manok" The silken Muslim
canopies in the Interiors. The protruding ends of floor beams
are decorated with intricate carvings
Lowlands area house with pithed roof, made of bamboo

maranao House poles, thatch roof with woven slit canes for walls and split
bamboo slats flooring
Made of 0.75 m. thick stone of lime wall with thick thatched

roof made of several layers of cogon and held together by
Ivatan House
seasoned sticks or reeds and rattan to withstand fiercest
typhoons in the north
An arcade of roofed gallery built into or projecting from the

side of a building particularly one overlooking an open
Loggia court. A covered balcony and walkway: a covered open-
sided walkway, often with arches, along one side of a
building
Japanese dominant roofs characterized by their exquisite

curvature, and are supported upon a succession of simple or
compound brackets. The upper part of the roof is terminated
Irrimoya Gable
by a gable placed vertically above the end walls, while the
lower part of the main roof is carried round the ends of the
building in a hipped form.
Shinto temples (Shinto-Japanese religion) are characterized

Torii by this gateway formed by upright posts supporting two or
more horizontal beams
"Fool the eye" - are paintings adorning everything from

cabinets to cupboards, fire screen to dishwashers. This
creates an illusion of space. A make-believe doorway for
Trompel o Eil
example extends a hall. A glass cabinet or door is painted
with cows and chicken and make-believe or create an
outdoor scene.
A house composed of natural materials. It is an eclectic and

organic look that grows and changes with antiques and a
clutter of different collections, made of rough plaster, old
Country House
beams, wood framed windows and slate or brick floors. A
house in the country: a large house in the country, often with
a large area of land attached
1930s modernist's style of art inspired by mechanical forms

History of Architecture and chiefly distinguished by geometrical shapes, bold color
Art Deco
schemes and symmetrical designs, suitable for mass
production
Gazebo These are garden rooms.
patio (Spanish outdoor living or dining);VERANDAH (a porch

Stoa
or balcony for summer leisure); LOGGIA
Turret(medieval) ; minaret (Islamic);steeple (church tower &

Pinacle
spire)(term use for spire crowned towers)
Pinnacle(highest point); fleche (a church spire); spire

Pinacle (tapering termination of a gothic church tower); finial (a
design at the top of a spire)
Boss/ Groin Boss (vaulted or flat); groin (vaulted only)
Quoins ( just a corner stone) vs. squinch (structural arch to

Quoins / Squinch
support a dome)
Serdab statue chamber
Glypthoteca bldg that hold sculpture
Pinacotheca bldg that holds painting
Themenos acropolis, sacred enclosure
Lacunaria coffer, ceiling
Peroma space bet naos wall and column
Dromos tholos passageway
Thalamus sleeping room, megaron
The Great Temple of Arnak (greatest example of Egyptian temple)
God Horus Great Sphinx at Gizeh
"Senusurets- built the earliest known obelisk at Heliopolis

Amenemhat I- founded the great temple at Karnak
Thothmes I- began the additions to the temple of Amnon
Karnak
Amenophis III- built the famous Colossi of Memnon
Egyptian Architects
Rameses I- began the hypostyle hall at Karnak
Seti I- built the temple at Abu- Simber
Ptolemy II- built the pharos of Light House
Ptolemy III- founded the Great Seradeum at Alexandria
"
Propylaea gateway to greek temple

"largest
- geatest example of greek architecture
- archt. Ictinus
- master sculptor- Callicrates
Partenon
- Doric temple
- naos- made of gold and ivory
- holds the statue of Athena
"
" prototype Greek Thetre

Theatre of Dionysus - largest for 30,000 people
"
Forum Romanum oldest & most important bldg in Rome
Circus Maximus largest circus in Rome
Forum of Trajan largest forum in Rome
Prehistoric Period 1. Temporary shelter from perishable materials
Prehistoric Period 2. Caves
Prehistoric Period 3. Rocks on top of each other
Prehistoric Period 4. Hard-packed snow blocks
Prehistoric Period 5. animal skins
Egyptian Architecture 1. Battered or sloping outside walls
Egyptian Architecture 2. Columns & Capitals from vegetable origins
3. Papyrus Buds, Lotus Flower walls of mud brick, thick & 9M

Egyptian Architecture
high
Egyptian Architecture 4. Unbroken massive walls adorned with hieroglyphics
Mesopotamian Architecture 1. Abundance of clay-provided bricks
Mesopotamian Architecture 2. Roofs flat outside
3. Architecture was arcuated winged deity and winged

Mesopotamian Architecture
human headed lion used as décor
4. Houses of one room, entered by a single door & without

Mesopotamian Architecture
windows
1. Temple pyramids are approached by a single steep flight of

Pre columbian Architecure
steps.
2. Stone [finely dressed, carved, or laid as roughly dressed

History
Pre columbianof Architecture
Architecure
rubble] was employed for all important buildings
1. Columnar & trabeated (have horizontal beams rather than

Greek Architecture
archs)
Greek Architecture 2. Wooden roofs were untrussed
Greek Architecture 3. Ceilings sometimes omitted
Greek Architecture 4. optical illusions were corrected, in Greek Temples
Greek Architecture 5. Doric, Ionic, Corinthian [orders of columns]
Roman Architecture 1. The arch & the vault was developed
Roman Architecture 2. Two orders of architecture added [Tuscan & Composite]
3. Concrete is now used 3. Concrete is now used [composition of lime, sand,

[composition of lime, sand, pozzolana & broken bricks or small stones.
pozzolana & broken bricks or
small stones.
Early christian Architecture 1. Widely Spaced Columns carrying semi-circular arches
2. Basilican Churches have 3 to 5 aisles, covered by a simple

Early christian Architecture
timber roof
Early christian Architecture 3. Mosaic decoration added internally
Early christian Architecture 4. separate buildings used for baptism or baptisteries
1. Novel development of the Dome to cover polygonal and

Byzantine Architecture
square plans of churches
Byzantine Architecture 2. Tomb & baptisteries by means of "pendentives"
Byzantine Architecture 3. 'Fresco" decoration using marble & mosaic
Islamic Architecture 1. Bulbous or onion dome
Islamic Architecture 2. Minarets
Islamic Architecture 3. stalactite moulding
4. cresting: decorative roof ridge: an ornamental ridge on a

Islamic Architecture
roof
Islamic Architecture 5. painted arch
Romanesque Architecture 1. Ribbed & panel, cross vaults;
Romanesque Architecture 2. plaster strips, arcades, rose windows,
Romanesque Architecture 3. Sober (serious/ not fanciful)& dignified style
4. Formal massing depends on the grouping of towers and

History Architecture
Romanesque of Architecture the projection of transepts & choir.
Gothic Architecture 1. Pointed arch
Gothic Architecture 2. buttress, flying buttress
Gothic Architecture 3. gargoyles, decorated vaulting
Gothic Architecture 4. rose & lancet windows ploughshare twist
Gothic Architecture 5. variety of open roofs (trussed, tie-beam, collar)
Renaissance Architecture 1. Rusticated masonry, (rough masonry)
Renaissance Architecture 2. Quoins, Balusters
Renaissance Architecture 3. domes or raised drums
Renaissance Architecture 4. pediments one within the other
Renaissance Architecture 5. rococo
Renaissance Architecture 6. baroque style
Renaissance Architecture 7. mansard roof
Renaissance Architecture 8. salon
Britain Architecture 1. Picturesque values
2. Reflected in the predilection (liking) for highly textured,

Britain Architecture
colorful materials, asymmetry & informality.
Britain Architecture 3. palazzo style was a triumph of national ecclesiasticism
Britain Architecture 4. New functions & techniques produced new forms
5. Taller buildings were designed due to concrete & cast iron

Britain Architecture
frames.
Britain Architecture 6. New materials were used due to the effect of canals
Britain Architecture 7. Railroad systems, central heating & elevator or lift
1. Repetition of standard bays, both plan & elevation, an

Continental Europe affinity (similarity) with bay system, programmatically
adopted with the introduction of iron construction
American Architecture 1. Neo-classic & Greek revival was followed
American Architecture 2. Baloon frame was introduced
3. The skyscraper was contributed related to metal frame

American Architecture
construction
American Architecture 4. The non-load-bearing curtain wall & the elevator
1. Free-standing glass sheath suspended on a framework

History
Modern of Architecture
International
across the face of the building or curtain wall.
Modern International 2. Art Noveau and Bauhaus was developed
3. Enormous Spans unobstructed were at length achieved

Modern International
with concrete.
Modern International 4. Steel is used in space-frame
India / pakistan 1. Hindu worship is an individual act
2. Buddhist religious buildings or shrines took the form of

India / pakistan STUPAS (Buddhist shrine or pagoda), and are designed for
congregational use.
India / pakistan 3. Mouldings have BULBOUS character
India / pakistan 4. The TORUS moulding is used
5. Various BAS reliefs depicting scenes of daily life and story

India / pakistan
of Buddha
6. The female form in its voluptuous (sensual) form is often

India / pakistan
used
Sri Lanka 1. Rock Temples, with square or octagonal pillars
2. A circular relic house (wata-dage) built in stone & brick is

Sri Lanka
an outstanding architectural creation.
3. Architecture of wood, with high pitched roofs, with wide

Sri Lanka eaves, slightly curved, finished with small flat shingles and
terra cotta tiles.
4. Windows with lacquered wood bars, carved timber

Sri Lanka doorways, ornamental metalwork door furniture, painted
walls.
1. Cupola Roofs (dome shaped roof or dome on roof),

spanning with arched squinches, the square chamber angles,
Afghanistan, Nepal, Tibet
lantern roof and coffered dome, an elaborate system of
hexagon, each containing the statue of Buddha
Afghanistan, Nepal, Tibet 2. The "SIKHARA" & "PAGODA" temples survive.
3. A monumental pillar generally supporting a metal

Afghanistan, Nepal, Tibet superstructure adorned with mystic symbols, groups of
divinities and portraits statuary of royalties.
4. Windows have intricate lattice screens and roof have red

History of Architecture curved tiles, metal gutters and projecting cornice and
fancifully decorated with carving, embossing, tinkling bells
and hanging lamps.
Afghanistan, Nepal, Tibet 5. The monastery is fortress-like sited on hill tops.
6. Pillars and beams are painted "yellow or red" and "painted

silks" hang from the roof.
Burma, Cambodia, Thailand, 1. Stepped Temple Pyramid, terraced on a hill

Indonesia
Burma, Cambodia, Thailand, 2. Using stone without mortar fitted perfectly and numerous
Indonesia colossal towers
Burma, Cambodia, Thailand, 3. Religious buildings overlaid with ornamentation of Chinese

Indonesia characters, surfaces often finished with porcelain tile
Burma, Cambodia, Thailand, 4. Walls are white stucco, (wall plaster)

Indonesia
Burma, Cambodia, Thailand, 5. multi-leveled overlapping timber roofs

Indonesia
Burma, Cambodia, Thailand, 6. Gables and bargeboard decorated with Hindu

Indonesia iconography.
Burma, Cambodia, Thailand, 7. Doors and window shutters are of carved wood, lacquered
Indonesia in black and gold.
1. Roof ridges are laden with elaborate ornamental cresting

China and the up-tilted angles are adorned with fantastic dragons
and grotesque ornament.(distorted bizarre)
2. Roofs one on top of the other using S-shape enameled

China
tiles.
China 3. Roof framing in "rectangle" and not triangle.
China 4. Use of bright colors
5. Column brackets are decorated with birds, flowers and

China
dragons.
1. Light and delicate timber construction is refined by a

Japan
minute carving & decoration
2. Dominant roofs characterized by their exquisite

Japan (beautiful/superb) curvature, supported by a succession of
brackets
3. Upper part of the roof is terminated by a gable placed

History
Japan of Architecture vertically above the end walls
Japan 4. Rooms are regulated by a "KEN" Tatami mats.
Japan 5. Love of nature: using stone, lantern & bonsai.
1. Use of indigenous (natural) materials for houses like

Philippines bamboo, palm leaves, sturdy wooden posts, carved wooden
sidings, cogon grass roof.
Philippines 2. Spanish-style high-pitched roofs,
Philippines 3. Capiz shell windows, barandillas, balconies,
Philippines 4. Coconut shell & wood design.
Philippines 5. Much use of galvanized iron sheet for roofing
Pre Historic Period - 1. Beehives,

Structures
Pre Historic Period - 2. huts,

Structures
Pre Historic Period - 3. caves,

Structures
Pre Historic Period - 4. tents,

Structures
Pre Historic Period - 5. Stonehenge, England

Structures
Pre Historic Period - 6. igloos

Structures
Egyptian Buildings 1. Sphinx,
"2. Pyramids, Pyramid of King Zoser

Architect: Imhotep
earliest pyramidal structure of the ancient world, the Step
Pyramid (c.2630 BC) of King Zoser at Saqqara, Egypt
consist of six terraces of receding sizes with a one staba The
Egyptian Buildings
Great Pyramid
the Pyramid of Khufu is the largest in the world, measuring
230m (756 ft)
"
Egyptian Buildings 3. Obelisks,
Egyptian Buildings 4. Mastaba Tombs,
Egyptian Buildings 5. Great Temple,

"6. Abu-Simbel, dedicated chieftly to Re-Harakhti, God of the
rising sun
Egyptian Buildings
built during the reign of Ramses II (1304 - 1237 BC)
"
"7. Temple of Luxor - or Southern Sanctuary at Luxor, Egypt,

18th dynasty king
Egyptian Buildings dedicated to Amon-Re, king of the Gods
built of sandstone for the quarries of Gebel Silsila
"
Egyptian Buildings 7. Temple of Khons,
Ancient near East 1. Ziggurat of Ur,

(mesopotamia) Buildings
Ancient near East 2. persepolis,

Ancient near East 3. hall of the hundred columns

Pre Columbian Bldgs (Maya, 1. Temple Pyramid of the Sun,

Aztec, Peru, Mexico)
Pre Columbian Bldgs (Maya, 2. Citadel Teotihuacan,

Pre Columbian Bldgs (Maya, 3. Temple of the Giant Jaguar,

Pre Columbian Bldgs (Maya, 4. Great Plaza of Tenochtitlan Machu Picchu, Peru
Greek Buildings 1. Acropolis,
"2. Parthenon-temple, Architect: Itchinus and Callicrates with

Phidias
Location: Athens, Greece
Greek Buildings
Style: Ancient Greek Doric
on the historic Acropolis. Doric exemplar
"
"Erectheum _ Architect: Mnesicles

Location: Athens, Greece
Style: Ancient Greek, Ionic
Greek Buildings
has Caryatid Porch with figural columns. On the Acropolis,
uses grade change.
"
Greek Buildings 3. Agora,

"Epidaurus Theater
Architect: Polykleitos
Location: Epidauros, or Epidhavros, Greece
Style: Ancient Greek
and the quality of its acoustics make the Epidaurus theatre
Greek Buildings
one of the great architectural achievements of the fourth
century.
the largest and best preserved ancient theaters in Greece.
can accommodate 14,000 spectators.
"
Greek Buildings 4. ODEION theatre,
5. stoa, - ancient covered walkway, usually with a wall on one

Greek Buildings
side and a row of columns at the other
Greek Buildings 6. Mausoleum Sarcophagus,
Greek Buildings 7. open hillside theatres
"1. The Pantheon

118 - 126
Architect: Acrippa
Location: Rome, Italy
Style: Ancient Roman
great domed hall with oculus
Roman Buildings
oculus - a single circular opening
one of the great spiritual buildings of the world
it was built as a Roman temple and later consecrated as a
Catholic Church
revived the use of brick and concrete in temple Architecture
"
"2. Forums,Trajan's Forum

100 - 112
Architect: Apollodorus of Damascus
Roman Buildings Style: Roman
composed of an arc of arched arcade
most magnificent and architecturally most pleasing
largest known forums
"
Roman Buildings 3. Basilicas
Roman Buildings 4. Thermae,
Roman Buildings 5. Amphitheatres,

"6. Colosseum Coemeteria, Colosseum
70 - 82
Architect: Vespacian and Domitian
Style: Ancient Roman
three-quarter columns and entablatures, Doric in the first
Roman Buildings story, Ionic in the second, and Corinthian in the third, face the
three tiers of arcades
largest Roman Amphitheater
designed to hold 50,000 spectators
had approximately eighty entrances so crowds could arrive
and leave easily and quickly
"
Roman Buildings 7. Triumphal arch,
Roman Buildings 8. gateways,
Roman Buildings 9. aqueducts
Early Christian Structures 1. Basilican Churches,
Early Christian Structures 2. Baptisteries
Byzantine Structures 1. St. Sophia, Constantinople
Byzantine Structures 2. St. Mark, Venice
Islamic Buildings 1. The great mosques,
Islamic Buildings 2. Damascus & Cordoba,
Islamic Buildings 3. Kiosk @ Istanbul
Islamic Buildings 4. Taj mahal mausoleum @ Agra
Islamic Buildings 5. Tomb of Humayun, Delhi
Romanesque Buildings 1. St, Zeno,
Romanesque Buildings 2. Maggiore Monastery,
Romanesque Buildings 3. Leaning Tower,
Romanesque Buildings 4. Cathedral & Baptistery of Pisa,
Romanesque Buildings 5. Castles, fortifications,
Romanesque Buildings 6. chateus, Manor houses
Gothic Buildings 1. Notre Dame Cathedral,
Gothic Buildings 2. Paris Canterbury Cathedral,
Gothic Buildings 3. King's College,

Gothic Buildings 4. Canterbury Town Halls,
Gothic Buildings 5. Skippers house @ Ghent
Rennaissance Buildings 1. Palazzo Ricardi @ Florence,
Rennaissance Buildings 2. St. Peter's PIAZZA,
Rennaissance Buildings 3. Cathedral Vatican,
Rennaissance Buildings 4. Palais du louvre,
Rennaissance Buildings 5. Paris Chateu Maisons,
Rennaissance Buildings 6. St Paul's Cathedral, London,
Rennaissance Buildings 7. Guild Houses @ Brussels
Britain Buildings 1. Westminster New Palace (House of Parliament), London
Britain Buildings 2. Crystal Palace, London [???]
Britain Buildings 3. University Museum, Oxford
Britain Buildings 4. Red House, Kent
Britain Buildings 5. Cathedral @ Guildford
Continental Europe Buildings 1. Eiffel tower, [???]
Continental Europe Buildings 2. New louvre,
Continental Europe Buildings 3. Paris Opera House,
Continental Europe Buildings 4. Paris & cologne.
"1. the White House

Architect: James Hoban
Location: Washington, D.C.
Date: 1793 to 1801, burned 1814, porticos 1824 to1829
American Structures
Style: Georgian Neoclassical
official residence of the president of the United States of
America, for the last 200 years
"
"2. Capitol of the United States

History of Architecture Architects: Thornton-Latrobe-Bulfinch
Date: 1793 to 1830
American Structures Style: Neoclassical
meeting place of the U.S. Congress, the national assembly of
the United States of America, consisting of the House of
Representatives and the Senate
"
"National Gallery of Art

Architect: John Russel Pope
American Structures houses one of the finest collections of painting, sculptures,
and graphic arts in the world
"
"Washington Monument
Architect: Robert Mills
Style: Neo-Egyptian
American Structures the obelisk is the only remnant of the original blue print that
remains
with George Marsh, competition 1836. standard Egyptian
proportion of 10:1 height to base
"
"Golden Gate Bridge

1933 to 1937
Architect: Joseph Strauss
Location: San Francisco, California
Building type: suspension bridge
Construction system: steel frame, steel cables
American Structures Styles: Structural Modern with some Art Deco details
one of the longest bridge in the world
a powerful and elegant human structure in an equally
beautiful natural location
overall bridge length of 9266 feet, or 2824 meters
bridge main span length of 4200 feet, or 1280 meters
"
"Saint Patrick's Cathedral

History of Architecture Architect: James Renwick
Location: New York
shaped like a Latin cross
American Structures
the largest Roman Catholic Cathedral in the United States
designed in a Gothic Revival materials at English and French
Gothic Style
"
American Structures 3. Boston Empire State Building,
American Structures 4. English Country Houses
American Structures 5. Bungalows
"The Louvre
1546 to 1878
Architect: Pierre Lescot
Location: Paris, France
Building type: palace, art museum
Construction system: cut stone bearing masonry
French Architecture
Style: French Renaissance
also designed by Catherine de Medici, J.A. du Cerceau II,
Claude Perrault, etc.
I.M. Pei: design the glass pyramid, which serves as the main
public entrance
"
"Palais Royal
commissioned by Cardinal Richeliev
original name is Palais Cardinal
French Architecture
17th century
Daniel Buren: stripped columns
"
"Arc de Triomphe
Napoleon, the French emperor decided to build a very big
French Architecture arch of triumph, which stands at the top of the Champs
Elysees
"
"Pompidou Centre
History of Architecture 1972 to 1976
Architect: Richard Rogers and Renzo Piano
Building Type: modern art museum
Construction system: high-tech steel and glass
French Architecture
Style: High-tech modern
a cost of $100,000,000, with an average attendance of
approximately seven million people a year
massive structural expressionist cast exoskeleton, ""exterior""
escalators enclosed in transparent tube
"
"Notre Dame de Paris

1163 to 1250
Architect: Maurice de Sully
Building Type: church, cathedral
French Architecture Construction system: bearing masonry, cut stone
Style: Early Gothic
one of the most celebrated Gothic cathedrals in France
twin towers marking the entrance
probably the most famous image in French Gothic art
"
"Paris Opera House

1857 to 1874
Architect: Charles Garnier
Building type: theater, opera house
Construction system: masonry, cut stone
French Architecture Style: Neo-Baroque
polychrome façade, opulent staircase
commission by competition
masterpiece of 19th century architecture
one of the largest and most opulent theaters in the world
false ceiling painted by Marc Chagall
"
"Elysee Palace
1718
French Architecture Architect: Claude Mollet
official residence of the president of France
"
"Hotel de Invalides
History of Architecture Napoleons tomb is within the structure
French Architecture founded by Louis XIV for disabled soldiers
late 17th century
"
"La Madeleine
Architect: Napoleon I
church of Ste. Marie Madeleine
French Architecture
constructed as a church in 1842
surrounded by 52 Corinthian columns
"
"Chartres Cathedral
1194 to 1260
Location: Chartres, France
Building type: cathedral
Construction system: bearing masonry
French Architecture Style: Gothic exemplar
the elevation was in three tiers as it had no gallery and the
vaulting was quadripartite, which eliminated the need for
alternating supports
supreme monument of High Gothic art and architecture
"
"Rheims Cathedral
one of the greatest monument of Gothic art and architecture
construction commerced by Jean d'Orbais and was
French Architecture
completed by Robert de Coucy
a work of remarkable unity and harmony
"
"Eiffel Tower
1887 to 1889
Architect: Gustave Eiffel
Building Type: exposition observation tower
French Architecture Construction system: exposed iron
Style: Victorian Structural Expressionist
dominates the sky line of Paris
one of the most famous landmarks in the world
built for the Paris Exposition of 1889
"
"Sorbonne
History
French of Architecture most famous building at the University of Paris
Architecture
"
"British Museum
1823 to 1847
Architect: Sir Robert Smirke
Location: London, England
Building type: art and historical museum, library
English architecture Construction system: masonry, cut stone
Style: Victorian Ionic façade,
Classical Revival
Includes one of the world's great library rooms. Glazed roof
over restored courtyard by Norman Foster
"
"Salisbury Cathedral
1220 to 1258
Location: Salisbury, England
Building type: Cathedral (church, temple)
Construction system: bearing masonry, cut stone
Style: English Gothic
English architecture
Cathedral of Saint Mary
an outstanding example of the Early English architectural
style
tallest in England 404ft (123m)
use of Purbeck marble to create a strongly coloured
"
"Queen's House
1616 to 1635
Architect: Inigo Jones - the greatest of English Classical
architect
Location: Greenwich, England
Building type: large house
Style: Palladian, Late English Renaissance
was built by Jones for Anne of Denmark, wife of James I
"
"Somerset House
Architect: William Chambers
Building type: government offices and art school
Construction system: cut stone masonry
Style: Neoclassical
Home of Royal Academy of the Arts. Corinthian orders
above arched courtyard apertures, rusticated base
"
"Saint Paul's Cathedral

1675 to 1710
Architect: Sir Christopher Wren
Building type: church
English architecture Construction system: masonry, brick, timber and cut stone
Style: Late renaissance to Baroque
the dome peaks at 366 feet above pavement
a masterpiece of Baroque architecture
largest cathedral in England
"
"Chiswick House
1729
Architect: Lord Burlington
Location: Chiswick, England
English architecture Building type: large house
Style: Palladian
also known as "Burlington House"
"
"Westminster Palace
1836 to 1868
Architect: Sir Charles Barry
Location: London
Building type: seat of government, government center
English architecture Construction system: cut stone bearing masonry
Style: English Gothic Revival
Big Ben: the clock tower best known is a great symbol of
London
originally seat of kings as a royal residence
"
"Durham Cathedral
Location: Durham, England
Building type: church, cathedral
Construction system: bearing masonry, cut stone
Style: Romanesque
one of the most impressive Norman Romanesque style in
Europe
had a reciprocal influence on the architecture of Normady
the rib vault covering of Durham Cathedral is the oldest
example that has survived
"
"Glasgow School of Art

1897 to 1909
Architect: Charles Rennie Mackintosh
Location: Glasgow, England
Building type: college
Style: art and crafts, art nouveau
"
"Buckingham Palace
Architect: sir George Goring
built during the reign of king James I
"
Modern International 1. Salginatobel Bridge,
Modern International 2. Einstein Tower, Eirch Mendelsohn
Modern International 3. Chapel of Notre Dame, Le Corbusier
Modern International 4. Johnson Wax Building, Frank Lloyd Wright
Modern International 5. Falling Water, Frank Lloyd Wright
Modern International 6. Dulles International Airport, Eero saarinen
Modern International 7. Guggenheim Museum, Frank Lloyd wright
Modern International 8. Sydney opera House, Jorn Utzon
Modern International 9. Geodesic dome, Buckminster Fuller
"
History of Architecture Location: China
700 acre enclosure built by the Ming Dynasty emperor
Temple of Heaven
Yongle (Yung-Io)
means "Perpetual Help"
"
"
532 to 537
Architect: Isidoros and Anthemios
Location: Istanbul, Turkey
Hagia Sofia Style: Byzantine
a tremendous domed space
built as the new Cathedral of Constantinople by the Emperor
Justinian
a masterpiece of Byzantine architecture
additional minarets when the church became a mosque
"
"
Location: Southern Italy
Cathedral of Siena incorporated Gothic elements in a strongly Mediterranean
design
"
"
103 to 1350
Location: Pisa, Italy
Building type: church complex
Construction system: bearing masonry, cut stone, white
marble
Style: Romanesque
Pisa Cathedral
""Pisa Cathedral with Baptistery, Campanile and Campo
Santo, together form one of the most famous building
groups in the world
the cathedral complex includes the famous Leaning Tower, La
Torre Pendente
white marble with colonnaded facades
"
"
Architect: Arnolfo di Cambio
Location: Florence, Italy
Building type: domed church, cathedral
Style: Italian Romanesque
1296: Cathedral begun on design by Arnolfo di Cambio
1357: Project continued on a modified plan by Francesco
Florence Cathedral
Talenti
1366-7: Talenti's definitive design emerged calling for an
enormous octagonal dome
1418: competition for construction of dome.
1420: technical solution for vaulting proposed by
Brunelleschi approved and construction begun
The Duomo - dome added by Brunelleschi
1436— church consecrated
"
"
1150 to 1250
Location: Syria
Building type: fort
Krak des Chevaliers Style: Medieval
crusader castle
the best preserved and most wholly admirable castle in the
world
"
"
1338 to 1390
Location: Granada, Spain
Building type: palace
Style: Moorish (Islamic)
Alhambra palace of Nasrid Dynasty
the most beautiful remaining example of Western Islamic
Architecture
built as a cathedral in the mid-1200's
"hall of justice": noted from its elaborate stalactite (maqarnas)
decoration
"
"
Architect: Antonio Gaudi
Location: Barcelona, Spain
Casa Batllo Building type: apartment building
Construction system: concrete
Style: Expressionist or Art Nouveau
uses animal styles al through-out the structure
"
"
1905 to 1910
Building type: multifamily housing
Construction system: masonry and concrete
Casa Mila Style: Art Nouveau
expressionistic, fantastic, organic forms in undulating facade
and roof line
light court
it could be compared with the steep cliff walls in which
African tribes build their cave-like dwellings
"
"
1882 to 1926
Sagrada Familia Construction system: masonry
Style: Expressionist
Church of the Holy Family
uncompleted during Gaudi's lifetime
crowned by four spires
"
Real Fuerza de Santiago (Fort "shrine of freedom", designed by Father Antonio Cedeno,
Santiago) with Diego Jordan as engineer
famous walled city within a city; seven gates; completed

1872; made of bricks and hard adobe from the Pasig River
Intramuros
quarries; wall are 45 ft thick and rise 25 ft above the moat;
structures inside the city include:
"1. roofs at 45 degrees gradient or less

History of Architecture 2. use of bricks, limestone, hardwood, capiz shells (G.I. sheets
and clay tiles or "tisa" were imported)
3. elaborate lace-like grillwork (1870's)
4. transoms with floral and foliate scroll work (1890's)
5. 1890's Art Nouveau brought swirling vines and flowers for
staircase balustrades, etched or colored glass panels
replaced capiz
6. emergence of Filipino and foreign architects working in the
Philippines
a. FELIX ROXAS - first Filipino architect; served as architect
to the Manila government; studied in England and Spain
b. JUAN HERVAS - a Catalan who was one of the Spanish
Late Spanish Period architects invited to reconstruct Manila after the earthquake
of 1863 and 1880
7. churches
a. Sto. Domingo Church, Intramuros
b. San Ignacio, Intramuros - first church designed by a
Filipino architect
c. San Sebastian Church, Manila - only Gothic church in the
Philippines
8. brides
a. Fuente de Espana - first bridge to span the Pasig River
linking Intramuros and Binondo
b. Colgante Bridge - suspension bridge; only for pedestrians;
framework of iron imported from England
"
"1. a "regime" of reinforced concrete and galvanized iron

History of Architecture 2. Neo-Classical styles
3. DANIEL BURNHAM - commissioned by Gov. General W.H.
Taft to draft the Master Plan for Manila and government
buildings (Agri-Finance Building, Senate Building, among
others)
4. MASTER BUILDERS ("maestro de obras") acquired title
either from practical experience or completed academic
training of Master Builder's course
5. LICEO DE MANILA - first school to open three year course
in architecture
American Period 6. TOMAS MAPUA - first licensed architect; established the
second school (followed by UST and Adamson)
7. MASONIC TEMPLE, Escolta - first multi-storey reinforced
concrete building in the Philippines
8. CHALET - suburban house; simple design with verandah in
front or around the house; middle-class
9. 1930's - continued urban development; emergence of
multi-storey, multi-family dwellings and commercial
structures; distinct simplification of lines, emphasis on
verticality; other architects contradicted the trend by putting
horizontal strips of glass window
"
" - mediocre design, uncontrolled and hasty rebuilding only

resurrected old designs
- commercial building drew inspiration from contemporary
architecture in the West
- development of community planning
- BUNGALOW - introduced in 1948; one-storey house with
wide picture windows, a lanai and a carport for up to three
Post War Architecture
cars
- modern architecture with a renewed interest in Filipino
motifs
a. use of pointed roofs, lattices, screens, wood carvings
b. architecture of LEANDRO LOCSIN and FRANCISCO
MANOSA
"
"Movement in 20th Century, art that represented the

History of Architecture revolutionary effort of young Italian
Concrete, steel and glass
Advocators: Jim Slade and Robert Colley.
an architects.
Futurism
The architecture of reinforced concrete iron and glass.
Calculation of audacity and simplicity
Capable of expressing "tangible miracles."
Inspired by Filippo Tommaso Marinetti.
"
"Cubist style developed in Germany and Austria

(1900s).CHARACTERISTICS:
Devoid of ornamentation
Symmetrical/Assymetrical plans
Overlapping & intersecting 2-dimensional planes that
Functionalism
enclose 3-dimensional space.
Pure color like white & grey of exterior walls.
Distribution of wall to window space is approximately equal.
"
"Sought for solutions for alternative cheap forms of

construction in timber, brick & metal.
Initiated by British (pre-fab. Architecture)
A design of something Auspicious.
Utilitarianism
Other definitions:
Refers to low-cost housing
Pre-Fabricated unit
"
"Non-representational style of art w/c uses modern industrial

materials: plastic & glass.
Ideal abstract art movement arose in Europe & Russia (1913-
1920)
Constructivism Based on the idea: Art is an absolute entity, whose origin lie
in the mind & whose forms are unrelated to objects of visible
world.
Concept of art: includes painting & sculpture.
"
"Out view in w/c the major activities or environmental factor

History of Architecture was employed in the structure in a non-intellectual manner.
CHARACTERISTICS:
Continuity of forms rather than proportionality and
Neo-expressionism
geometric terms/means.
Tendency to avoid rectangular forms.
Tends to individual sensibility.
"
The Great Mosque of Djenné , first built in the 13th century and reconstructed in 1906-1909,
in Mali, is the largest clay building in the world.
developed the first safe passenger elevator. In addition to

Elisha Graves Otis this, was the development of techniques for manufacturing
rolled steel
Ecclectism architecture OF THE borrowing and OF free selection
"movement for aesthetic and moral crusade

- escape FROM THE Industrial World
The Arts & Crafts Movement
- John Ruskin(1819-1900) and William Morris(1834-1896) were
THE key figures"
Pyramid In Egyptian architecture, the tomb of the pharaohs is the.
The great pyramid at Gizeh was built during the 4th dynasty
Cheops
by.
The beginner of the great hypostyle hall at karnak and the

Rameses 1
founder of the 19th dynasty.
The mineral of greatest importance to Greek architecture of

Marble
which Greece and her domains had ample supply of was.
Columnar trabeated Greek architecture was essentially.
Forming the imposing entrance to the acropolis and erected

Propylaea
by the architect Mnesicles
The building in the acropolis generally considered as being

Parthenon
the most nearly perfect building ever erected is the.
With the use of concrete made possible by pozzolan, a

Arch and vault native natural cement, the Romans achieved huge interiors
with the.
Which of the order was added by the Romans to the orders

Composite
used by the Greeks.
From the 5th century to the present, the character of

Domical roof construction
Byzantine architecture is the practice of using.
St. Sophia, Constantinople The finest and remaining example of Byzantine architecture.
The architectural character of the Romanesque architecture
Sober and dignified
is.
Romanesque architecture in Italy is distinguished from that of

Marble the rest of Europe by the use of what material for facing
walls.
The most famous and perfect preservation of all ancient

Pantheon
buildings in Rome.
The space between the colonnade and the naos wall in

Pteroma
Greek temple.
Gladiatorial Contests Amphitheaters are used for ___.
An ancient Greek Portico, a long colonnaded shelter used in

Stoa
public places.
Acropolis The fortified high area or citadel of an ancient Greek City.
An upright ornament at the eaves of a tile roof, concealing

Antefix (Antefixae) the foot of a row of convex tiles that cover the joints of the
flat tiles.
Strictly, a pedestal at the corners or peak of a roof to

Acroterion / Acroterium
support an ornament, more usually, the ornament itself.
Anthemion Also called a 'Honeysuckle' ornament.
In ancient Greece and Rome, a storeroom of any kind, but

Apotheca
especially for storing wine.
Anthemion The characteristic of Greek ornament.
The use of ___ for facing walls distinguishes Romanesque

Marble
architecture in Italy from that of the rest of Europe.
Pisa The outstanding group of Romanesque is found in ___.
Refectory The dining hall in a monastery, a convent, or a college.
Baroque The architecture of the curved line is known as ___.
Cortel The open court in an Italian palazzo.
The ornamental pattern work in stone, filling the upper part

Tracery
of a Gothic window.
Cha-sit-su Japanese tea house.
A Muslim temple, a mosque for public worship, also known as

Masjid
place for prostration.
Stupa Domical mound containing a relic.

Bale Ifugao house (southern strain).
In Mesopotamian architecture, religion called for temples

Ziggurat
made of sun-dried bricks.
The style of the order with massive and tapering columns

Doric
resting on a base of 3 steps.
Pyramid Tomb of the pharaohs.
Earthen burial mounds containing upright and lintel stones

Tumuli forming chambers for consecutive burials for several to a
hundred persons.
A semi-circular or semi-polygonal space, usually in church,

Apse
terminating in axis and intended to house an altar.
Temples in Greece that have a double line of columns

Dipteral
surrounding the naos.
Prytaneion Senate house for chief dignitaries in Greek architecture
Erich Mendelsohn Architect of the Einstein Tower.
Walter Gropius Founder of the Bauhaus School of Art.
What architectural term is termed to be free from any

Art Noveau
historical style?
Cambodian From what architecture is the Angkor Vat?
Van Alen The architect of Chrysler building in N.Y.
Another term for crenel or intervals between merlon of a

Embrasures
battlement.
Agra Taj Mahal temple is located in ___.
In the middle kingdom, in Egyptian architecture, who

consolidate the administrative system, made a survey of the
Amenemhat I
country, set boundaries to the provinces, and other helpful
works.
Senusret I Who erected the earliest known obelisk at Heliopolis.
Heb-sed Jubilee festivals of the pharaohs.
Pyramid of Zoser The world's first large-scale monument in stone.
Pyramid of Khufu The highest sloped pyramid in Gizeh
A vault created when two barrel vaults intersect at the right

Groin Vault
angles.
Visayan Sarimanok is a décor reflecting the culture of the ___.

Greek Caryatid porch is from what architecture?
Canephora Female statues with baskets serving as columns.
Bartizan A small tower usually corbelled at the corner of the castle.
Basilica A hall built in Roman Empire for the administration of justice.
Greek The Parthenon is from what architecture.
A roof in which 4 faces rests diagonally between the gables

Helm Roof
and converge at the roof.
Masu-gumi A compound bracket or capital in Japanese architecture.
Cavetto A concave molding approximately quarter round.
Carlos Santos Viola Architect of Iglesia ni Cristo.
A Filipino architect whose philosophy is 'the structure must

Caesar Homer Concio
be well oriented'.
Pinnacle What is not required as a feature in modern Muslim mosque.
William Cosculluela Architect of Robinson's Galleria
Baroque for of Ornamentation Major contribution of the Renaissance Architecture.
Richard Josef Neutra "A house is like a flower pot"
Sarcophagus Richly carved coffins of Greece and Mesopotamia.
Imhotep King Zoser's architect who was deified in the 26th dynasty.
Bouleuterion The council house in Greece.
U.S. / English Renaissance Elizabethan Architecture is from what architecture.
Tussel House Art Noveau style first appeared in what structure.
A faced without columns or pilaster in renaissance

Astylar
architecture.
Art Noveau is known as the international style, in Germany it

Jugendstijl
is known as ___.
Ludwig Mies Van Der Rohe Less is more.
Liceo de Manila First school which offered architecture in the Philippines.
Crenel Embrasures.
Balance Formal architecture, one of the principles of composition.
Eclecticism Different historical styles combined.
Eero Saarinen Architect of TWA airport.

Kaufman House The falling water by Frank Lloyd Wright is also known as ___.
Juan Nakpil First president and founder of PAS.
Kenzo Tange "Modern architecture need not be western".
Felipe Mendoza Architect of the national library, Philippines.
The xerxes hall of hundred columns was introduced during

Palace of Persepolis
the Mesopotamian architecture, which palace was it used.
Saracenic Architecture Taj Mahal is a building example of what architecture.
The convex projecting molding of eccentric curve

Echinus
supporting the abacus of a Doric capital.
S-tiles Pantiles used for Chinese roofings.
Greek equivalent of the Roman forum, a place of open air

Agora
assembly or market.
Entasis A slight vertical curvature in the shaft of a column.
The very ornate style of architecture developed in the later

Baroque
renaissance period.
A multi-storied shrine like towers, originally a Buddhist

Pagoda monument of diminishing size with corbelled cornice and
moldings.
Roman "cubicula" or bedroom is from what architecture.
From the Greek forms of temple, the three where it lies is

Crepidoma
known as ___.
From the Greek temples, a temple that have porticoes of

Amphi-Prostyle
columns at the front and rear.
Memorial monuments of persons buried elsewhere in Roman

Cenotaphs
architecture.
Cheops / Chefren/ Mykerinos The three pyramids in Gizeh
The cistern storage of collected rainwater underneath the

Aljibe
azotea of the bahay na bato.
Impluvium A shallow cistern or drain area in the center of a house.
Naos In Greek temples, the equivalent of the crypt is the ___.
Crypt The tomb beneath a church.
A raised stage reserved for the clergy in early Christian

History
Bema of Architecture churches.
A decorative bracket usually taking the form of a cyma
Console
reversa strap.
Villa Semi-palatial house surrounded by an open site.
Atrium House A roman house with a central patio.
Romanesque Revival of classical Roman style
The style emerging in western Europe in the early 11th

century, based on Roman and Byzantine elements, and
Romanesque powerful vaults, and lasting until the advent of Gothic
architecture.characterized by massive articulated wall
structures, round arches,
Alvar Aalto Architect and furniture designer.
Tomas Mapua First registered architect in the Philippines.
Forum The public square of imperial Rome.
Welton Becket Architect of Manila Hilton Hotel.
Chartres Cathedral Finest example of French-Gothic architecture
176 How many stained glass are there in the Chartres Cathedral?
Greek Agora is from what architecture?
Ziggurat Sacred artificial mountains of Babylon and Assyria.
A plant whose leaves form the lower portions of the

Acanthus
Corinthian capital.
Arch Structure of wedge-shaped blocks over an opening.
The space between the sloping roof over the aisle and the
Triforium
aisle vaulting, so also called a blind story.
A windowed wall that rises above the roof of adjacent walls

Clerestory
that admit light into the interior.
A standard, usually of length, by which the proportions of a

Module
building are determined.
The triangular or segmental space enclosed by a pediment

Tympanum
or arch.
Arcade A line of counterthrusting arches on columns or piers.
In the classical order, the lowest part or member of the

Architrave
entablature; the beam that spans from column to column.
In classical architecture, the elaborated beam member

History
Entablature of Architecture carried by the columns.
Cornice, Frieze, Architrave Parts of an entablature, in order of top to bottom.
13 Usual number of stories for a Chinese pagoda.
A special feature of Japanese houses, used to display a

Tokonama
flower arrangement or art.
Square Plan shape of a Japanese pagoda.
The most famous structure of Byzantine architecture and

Hagia Sophia
notable of its large dome.
Pediment Triangular piece of wall above the entablature.
A spherical triangle forming the transition from the circular

Pendentive plan of a dome to the polygonal plan of its supporting
structure.
Narthex A long arcaded entrance porch in an early Christian church.
The principal or central part of a church, extending from the

Nave
narthex to the choir or chancel and usually flanked by aisles.
Ambulatory The covered walk of an atrium.
A basin for ritual cleansing with water in the atrium of an

Cantharus
early Christian basilica.
Exedra A large apsidal extension of the interior volume of a church.
An ornamental canopy of stone or marble permanently

Baldachino
place over the altar in a church.
A decorative niche often topped with a canopy and housing

Tabernacle
a statue.
Niche A recess in a wall to contain a statue or other small items.
Minaret A tower in the Muslim Mosque used to call people to prayer.
Lacunaria Coffers, sunken panels in the ceiling.
The Buddhist temple in ancient Cambodia which feature four

Bayon
faces of the compassionate Buddha.
A term given to the mixture of Christian, Spanish, and Muslim

Mudejar
12th-16th century
Mudejar architecture.
Projecting blocks of stone carved with foliage, typical in

History
Crocket of Architecture Gothic architecture.
Abacus A slab forming the crowning member of the capital.
Capital The crowning member of a column.
A rectangular or square slab supporting the column at the

Plinth
base.
A low screen wall enclosing the choir in early Christian

Chancel
church.
Frigidarium The cold section of a Roman Bath.
This church in the Philippines is the seat of the Malolos

Barasoain Church
Congress.
Seraglio The palace proper in Assyrian palaces.
Ziggurat Holy mountains.
Mnesicles Architect of the famous propylaea, Acropolis.
Harem Private family apartments in Assyrian palaces.
The most stupendous and impressive of the rock-cut-

Great Temple, Abu Simbel
temples.
The four-seated colossal statues of Rameses II is carved in

Great Temple, Abu Simbel
the pylon of the ___.
Palm, Lotus, and Papyrus Favorite motifs of design of the Egyptians.
Mortuary and Cult Temples Two main classes of temples in Egyptian Architecture.
Mortuary Temple Egyptian temples for ministrations to deified pharaohs.
Structure whose corners are made to face the four cardinal

Ziggurat
points.
Structure whose sides are made to face the four cardinal

Pyramid
points.
Egyptian temples for the popular worship of the ancient and

Cult Temple
the mysterious gods.
The use of monsters in doorways is prevalent in what

Persian
architecture?
Atlantes The Greek male statues used as columns.
A recessed or alcove with raised seats where disputes took

Exedra
place.
Peripteral A single line of columns surrounding the Naos.

Stylobate The uppermost step in the crepidoma.
Stereobate The lowest step in the crepidoma.
A building in Greek and Roman for exercises or physical

Gymnasium
activities.
Pronaos, Naos, and Epinaos The three chamber of a Greek temple.
Pinacotheca A Greek building that contains painted pictures.
Prostyle Temple with a portico of columns arranged in front.
Intercolumniation The clear space in between columns.
Eustyle Intercolumniation of 2.25 diameters.
Areostyle Intercolumniation of 4 diameters.
Systyle Intercolumniation of 2 diameters.
1.5 Diameters Pycnostyle intercolumniation has how many diameters?
3 Diameters Diastyle intercolumniation has how many diameters.
Odeion A kindred type to the theater.
Roman building which is a prototype of the hippodrome of

Circus
the Greek.
Colosseum Roman building for which gladiatorial battles took place.
Wrestling What sporting event takes place in the Palaestra?
stadium A foot race course in the cities.
A temple with 1-4 columns arranged between antae at the

In Antis
front.
A temple with 1-4 columns arranged between antae at the

Amphi-Antis
front and rear.
Gymnasium In Greek, it is the Roman prototype of the Thermae.
Doric Greek order that has no base.
Epidauros The most beautiful and best preserved of the Greek theaters.
What orders did the Etruscans and the Romans add making 5
Tuscan and Composite
in all?
What allowed the Romans to build vaults of a magnitude

Use of Concrete
never equaled till the birth of steel for buildings.
Pantheon The finest of all illustrations of Roman construction.
Forum Romanum The oldest and most important forum in Rome.

Xerxes Who commenced the 'hall of hundred columns'?
Artaxerxes Who completed the 'hall of hundred columns'?
Callicrates and Ictinus Architects of the Parthenon.
Phidias Master sculptor of the Parthenon.
Lacus In Roman fountains, the large basin of water.
Salientes Spouting jets in Roman fountain.
Circus Maximus The oldest circus in Rome.
The colosseum in Rome also known as the "flavian

Vespasian / Domitian amphitheater" was commenced by whom and completed by
whom?
Mnesicles Architect of the Erechtheion.
A water clock or an instrument for measuring time by the use

Clepsydra
of water.
The finest of Greek Tombs, also known as the 'tomb of

Treasury of Atreus
Agamemnon'.
Theron Architect of the Temple of Zeus, Agrigentum
Libon Architect of the Temples of Zeus, Olympia.
Cossutius Roman architect of the Greek Temples of Zeus, Olympius.
Both the regula and the mutule has guttae numbering a total
18
of ___.
4-horse Chariot A quadrigas is a ___.
The water-leaf and tongue is a usual ornament found in the

Cyma Reversa
___.
Key Pattern The Corona is usually painted with the ___.
Greek sculptures may be classified as "architectural sculpture,

Sculptured Reliefs
free standing statuary,
One of the best examples of a surviving megaron type of

House #33
Greek domestic building.
Bird's Beak The molding that is often found in the Doric Order.
Peribolus The wall or colonnade enclosing the Temenos
Domus The private house of the Romans.
Podium Roman rectangular temples stood on a ___.
Bepidales Roman large square tiles.

A type of Roman wall facing with alternating courses of
Opus Mixtum
brickworks.
A type of Roman wall facing which is made of small stone

Opus Incertum
laid in a loose pattern roughly resembling polygonal work.
Opus Recticulatum A type of Roman wall facing with a net-like effect.
A type of roman wall facing with rectangular block with or

Opus Quadratum
without mortar joints.
A Roman structure used as hall of justice and commercial

Basilica
exchanges.
A type of monument erected to support a tripod, as a prize

Choragic Monument
for athletic exercises or
Choragic Monument musical competitions in Greek festivals.
A type of ornament in classic or renaissance architecture

Fret consisting of an assemblage of straight lines intersecting at
right angles, and of various patterns.
Figures of which the upper parts alone are carved, the rest
Termini
running into a parallelopiped or diminishing pedestal.
Opus Tesselatum Marble mosaic pattern used on ceilings of vaults and domes.
Callimachus Conceptualized the Corinthian capital.
Thalamus The sleeping room of the 'megaron'.
Timber-enframed Portal The origin of the door architrave.
Etruscans The atrium type of house originated with the ___.
Insula Roman apartment blocks.
A building in classic architecture decorated with flowers and

Nymphaeum
plants with water for the purpose of relaxation.
Renaissance !5th to 18th century architecture.
Louis Sullivan "Form follows function".
The dominating personality who became an ardent disciple

Iñigo Jones
of the Italian renaissance
A pillared hall in which the roofs rests on the column in

Hypostyle Hall
Egyptian temples.
Who began the building of the Great Hypostyle Hall at

Thothmes I
Karnak?
Ptolemy III Architect of the Great Serapeum at Alexandria.

He created the Dymaxion House, "the first machine for
Buckminster Fuller
living".
Rock-Hewn Tombs Tombs built for the Egyptian nobility rather than the royalty.
George Ramos Architect of the Lung Center of the Philippines.
Tepidarium The warm room in the Thermae.
Calidarium The Hot room of the Thermae.
Frigidarium The cold or unheated pool in the Thermae.
Sudatorium The dry or sweating room in the Thermae.
Apodyteria The dressing room of the Thermae.
Unctuaria The room for oils and unguents in the thermae.
Forum Orientation of the Roman temple is towards the ___.
East Orientation of the Greek temple is towards the ___.
South Orientation of the Etruscan temple is towards the ___.
West Orientation of the Medieval Church.
The space for the clergy and choir is separated by a low

Cancelli
screen wall from the body of the church called ___.
On either side of the choir, pulpits for the reading of the

Ambo
epistle and the gospel are
In some churches, there is a part which is raised as part of the

Bema sanctuary which later developed into the transept, this is the
___.
In early Christian churches, the bishop took the central place

Apse
at the end of the church
The iconoclastic movement during the Byzantine period

Statues
forbade the use of ___.
Centralized Type of plan of the Byzantine churches.
Anthemius and Isidorus Architects of the Hagia Sophia. (St. Sophia, Constantinople)
St. Sophia, Constantinople The supreme monument of Byzantine architecture.
Little Metropole Cath., Athens Smallest cathedral in the world. (Byzantine period)
One of the few churches of its type to have survived having a

Nea Moni
square nave and without
cross-arms, roofed by a dome which spans to the outer walls

History
Nea Moni of Architecture of the building.
Lantern A tower raised above a roof pierced to admit light.
the covered passage around an open space or garth,

Cloisters
connecting the church to the chapter
Cloisters house, refectory and other parts of the monastery.
The prominent feature of the facades in Romanesque Central

Ornamental Arcades
Italy.
The best example of a German Romanesque church with

Worms Cathedral
apses at both east and west
The term applied to the Episcopal church of the diocese and

Cathedral
also the important structure of the Gothic period.
Greek Cross The first plan shape of the St. Peter's Basilica by Bramante.
The final plan shape of the St. Peter's Basilica by Carlo

Latin Cross
Maderna.
Bernini He erected the entrance Piazza at St. Peter's Basilica.
Dispensa Used as food storage in the Bahay na Bato.
Falig The granary in traditional Bontoc House.
Minoru Yamasaki Architect of the World Trade Center.
Greek The Erechtheion of Mnesicles is from what architecture?
Balteus The part of the Corinthian capital without flower.
Roman The Pantheon is from what architecture.
Agrippa The architect of the Pantheon.
Prytaneion The senate house of the Greeks.
Marcel Lajos Breuer Architect of the Bi-Nuclear House, the H-Plan.
Mexican Architect/Engineer who introduced thin shell

Felix Outerino Candela
construction.
Hypotrachelion In the Doric Order, the shaft terminates in the ___.
Doric In what Order is the Parthenon.
Ionic In what Order is the temple of Nike Apteros, Athens.
Temple of Nike Apteros, This temple is dedicated to 'Wingless Victory'.

Athens
This structure in Greece was erected by Andronikos

History
Tower of Architecture
of the Winds, Athens Cyrrhestes for measuring time by means of a clepsydra
internally and sun dial externally.
In the Cyma Reversa molding of the Romans, what

Acanthus and Dolphin
ornaments are usually found?
Greek From what architecture is the Stoa?
Papyrus The Egyptian Ornament symbolizing fertility.
Egyptian Temple for popular worship of the ancient and

Cult Temple
mysterious gods.
Balneum A small private bath found in Roman houses or palaces.
Cella Corresponds to the Greek naos.
Triglyph The large element in the frieze.
Le Corbusier "A is a machine to live in".
Eliel Saarinen Architect of the Chicago Tribune Tower.
Frank Lloyd Wright "Architecture is Organic".
Hennevique Invented reinforced concrete in France.
Jose Herrera First elected U.A.P. president.
Juan Nakpil Designer of the Bonifacio Monument.
Guillermo Tolentino Sculptor for the Bonifacio Monument.
Shah Jahan Designer of the Taj Mahal.
Telamones or Atlantes Male counterpart of the Caryatids.
Like Caryatids and Atlantes, this is a three-quarter length

Herms
figures.
This is a pedestal with human, animal, or mythological

Terms
creatures at the top.
Madrassah A small payer house in Egyptian architecture.
Moscow Where "Constructivism" originated?
Erich Mendelsohn Expressionist Architect.
John Ruskin and William Moris Founders of the "Art Noveau".
Eclecticism Combination of the new art and the graphing of the old art.
Neo-Classism Return in the use of Roman Orders in modern age.
Parti Scheme or solution of a problem in architecture.
Felipe Mendoza Architect of the Batasang Pambansa.

George Ramos Architect of the Philippine Heart Center.
Juan Nakpil Architect of the Rizal Memorial Stadium.
Juan Nakpil The architect of the Quiapo Church before its restoration.
Built by the Franciscan priest Fr. Blas dela Madre, this church
Morong Church in Rizal whose design depicts the heavy influence of Spanish
Baroque, was declared a national treasure.
This church, 1st built by the Augustinian Fr. Miguel Murguia,

has an unusually large bell which was made from
Panay Capiz
approximately 70 sacks of coins donated by the towns
people.
Antonio Sin Diong Architect of SM Megamall.
Gabriel Formoso Central Bank of the Philippines, Manila.
George Ramos G.S.I.S. Building, Roxas Boulevard.
The tower atop the torogan where the princess and her
Lamin
ladies in waiting hide during occasions.
Found in the ground floor of the bahay na bato, it is where

Zaguan
the carriages and floats are kept.
The emergency hideout found directly behind the

Bilik
neadboard of the Sultan's bed.
The flat, open terrace open to the toilet, bath, and kitchen
Azotea areas and also used as a laundry and drying space and
service area for the servants.
In the kitchen of the bahay kubo, the table on top of which is

Dapogan
the river stone, shoe-shaped stove or kalan is known as ___.
Louis Sullivan "Form follows function"
Antonio Gaudi "Form does not necessarily follow function"
Walter Gropius "Art and Architecture, the new unity"
"
Louis Khan "A house is a house"
"
Le corbusier "Cube within a cube"
Robert Mailart "A bridge is like a house"
Ludwig Mies Van De Rohe "Less is more"
Adolf Loos Ornament is a crime

Frank Loyd Wright Less is more only when more is too much
EERo Saarinen FUNCTION INFLUENCE BUT DOES NOT DICTATE FORM
Kenzo tange MODERN ARCHITECTURE NEED NOT BE WESTERN
RCHITECTURE MUST MEET 3 REQUIREMENTS: STENGTH,

Marcus Vitruvius
BEAUTY, UNITY
Ludwig Mies Van De Rohe Formulated "Cubism and Futurism
Robert Venturi Less is Bore / "Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture"
The reality of the building does not consist in the roof and
Lao Tse
walls, but in the space within to be lived in
LEVER HOUSE - was one of the earliest steel and glass

SOM
office towers and the first such tower in New York City.
Willian Van Allen CHRYSLER BUILDING, NY
Buckminster Fuller GEODESIC DOME
Jorn Utzon SYDNEY OPERA HOUSE
Frank Loyd Wright SOLOMON GUGGENHEIM MUSEUM
PARLIAMENT BUILDINGS, PARLIAMENT BUILDINGS, BRAZIL

BRAZIL
Walter Gropius BAUHAUS BLDG, GERMANY
Erich Mendelson EINSTEIN TOWER
Le corbusuier CHAPEL OF NOTRE DAME
Leandro Locsin CULTURAL CENTER OF THE PHILIPPINES
Francisco Bobby Manosa TAHANANG FILIPINO/ COCONUT PALACE
CC. de cstro ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK OF THE PHILIPPINES
Manuel manosa SAN MIGUEL CORP. BUILDING
IM pei BANK OF CHINA, HK
Eero Saarinen TWA KENNEDY AIRPORT, NY
Philip Jhonson AT&T BLDG, NY
Antonio Gaudi Casa Batllo, Barcelona Spain
Joseph Paxton Crystal Palace, England
Philip Jhonson Glass House, New Caanan, Connecticut
"Notre Dame Cathedral, Paris France - OLDEST CATHEDRAL

History
Maurice of Architecture IN FRANCE-EARLY GOTHIC
de Sully
"
Antonio Gaudi Sagrada Familia, Spain
Bruce Graham & SOM John Hancock Center, Chicago Illinois
Cass Gilbert Woolworth Building, NY
Frank Loyd Wright Price Tower, Oklahoma
Barma & Posnik St.Basil Cathedral, Russia
Le corbusuier Notre Dame du Haut or Ronchamp, France
"Italian architect
Marcel Brever Member of Bauhaus
Popularized the Tubular steel cantilever chair"
"German-American architect, the leading and most influential

exponent of the glass and steel architecture of the 20th-
Mies van de Rohe century International Style.
Skin and bone construction.
"
"American architect, born in "American architect, born in Cleveland, Ohio, and educated
History
Cleveland, ofand
Ohio, Architecture at Harvard University in the classics and later in architecture
educated at Harvard The architect who equated with an exhibition of modern
University in the classics and architecture (1932)
later in architecture Invented the 'International Style'
The architect who equated Father figure of 'Post Modernism.'
with an exhibition of modern INTERNATIONAL STYLE
architecture (1932) Volume rather than mass.
Invented the 'International Regularity rather than axial symmetry
Style' Prescribing arbitrarily applied decorations.
Father figure of 'Post WORKS:
Modernism.' Glass hose, Connecticut
INTERNATIONAL STYLE Seagram Building, N.Y. (w/Mies Van Der Rohe)
Volume rather than mass. Theatre of the Dance, Lincoln Center
Regularity rather than axial Williams Proctor Museum, N.Y.
symmetry Art Gallery for the University of Nebraska
Prescribing arbitrarily applied Ammon Corter Museum, Texas
decorations. AT&T Building N.Y.
WORKS: "
Glass hose, Connecticut
Seagram Building, N.Y.
(w/Mies Van Der Rohe)
Theatre of the Dance, Lincoln
Center
Williams Proctor Museum, N.Y.
Art Gallery for the University
of Nebraska
Ammon Corter Museum, Texas
AT&T Building N.Y.
"
"professional name of Charles Édouard Jeanneret (1887-1965),

History of Architecture Swiss-French architect, painter, and writer, who had a major
effect on the development of modern architecture.
PHILOSOPHY:
" The house is a machine to live in."
WORKS:
Palace of the League of Nations, Geneva (1927-1928)
Le corbusuier
The Swiss Building at the Cité Universitaire, Paris (1931-1932);
Unité d'Habitation (1946-1952)
an apartment house in Marseille, France;
Notre Dame du Haut (1950-1955)
a pilgrimage church in Ronchamp, France
High Court Buildings (1952-1956) Chandìgarh, India
"
"(1901-1974),
American architect and teacher, whose original, powerful
designs in brick and concrete won him a prominent place in
20th-century architecture.
Highly ordered sequence of space & noble structural
systems.
Louis Khan PHILOSOPHY:
" Searching for a materials want to be."
WORKS:
Yale Art Gallery w/ Douglas Orr
Alfred Newton Richard's Medical Center
"
"French architect, one of the most important pioneers of the

History of Architecture modern French style.
Advocator of reinforced concrete architecture.
THEORIES:
" The truth is indispensable in architecture & every
architecture lie courrupts."
" Any project is bad if it is more difficult or more complicated
to construct the necessary."
WORKS:
The Temple Tower 1889, Exposition Universale in Paris
Perret Auguste
The Apartment Building Rue FranklinFrench Legation,
Istanbul
Theatre Des Champs, Lysees
- redesigning, original by Van del Velde
Notre Dame Church, Paris
Palace of the League of Nations, Geneva
Eiffel Monument, Paris
Palace of the Soviets, Moscow
"
American architect, who was a pioneer of the modern style.

Frank Loyd Wright He is considered one of the greatest figures in 20th-century
architecture.
"Finnish-American architect and designer, son of Eliel

History of Architecture Saarinen and one of the leading architects of the mid-20th
century.
PHILOSOPHIES:
" Function influences but does not dictate form."
"Spiritual function is inseparable from practical function."
"Architecture is not just to fulfill man's belief in the nobility of
his exsistence on earth."
WORKS:
Saint Louis Jefferson National Expansion Memorial
The General Motors Technical Center, Warren Michigan:1948-
Eero Saarinen
1956
Air Force Acadaemy
U.S. Embassy in London
The Chapel & Kresge Auditorium, Massachussetts Institute of
Technology
T.W.A. Terminal, Kennedy Terminal, N.Y.
- In a for m of bird about to fly.
T.J. Watson Research Center, York Town, N.Y.
The Chapel of Concordia Senior College.
Gateway Arch, St. Louis
"
"Finnish-American architect, who strongly influenced modern

architecture.
Popular w/ railway station designs especially in Europe.
2nd place in the Chicago Tribune Tower
PHILOSOPHY:
" Beauty grows from the necessity not from repetition of
Eliel Saarinen formulas."
WORKS:
Cranbook School, Michigan
Christ Church, Minneapolis
Helsinki Railroad Station, Finland
National Museum Finland
"
" Italian architect and engineer, whose technical innovations,

History of Architecture particularly in the use of reinforced concrete, made possible
aesthetically pleasing solutions to difficult structural
problems.
Discovered "ferro-cemento"
- consist of layers of fine steel mesh sprayed w/ cement
mortar & it could be used either for shell construction or for
heavier units w/ reinforcing rods inserted between the layers
Pier Luigi Nervi
of mortar & mesh.
WORKS:
Municipal Stadium Florence
Fiat Factory, Turin
Italian Embassy, Brazilia
Papal Audience Hall, Vatican City
Australian Embassy, Paris
"
"American architect and teacher, one of the most influential

architectural theorists of the late 20th century.
PHILOSOPHIES:
" We promote an architecture responsive to the complexities
and contradictions of the modern experience. The
particularities of context, the varieties of the user's taste;
Culture & the symbolic & decorative dictates of the program."
" Less is Bore"
"More is More"
Robert Charles Venturi
" Modern movement was almost right"
WORKS:
Walker & Dunlop Office Building
Transportation Square, Washington
Master Plan & Uraban Design of California City
Convention Center, Conversion plan Canada
West Mount Airy Clustered Housing Plan
Philadelphia
"
" Japanese architect, the most prominent modern architect of

History of Architecture the country. In his designs for public buildings, has
reconciled 20th-century Western styles and materials with
traditional Japanese forms.
Furyu
Kenzo Tange
Anti realist attitude, anti action element in the Japanese life.
PHILOSOPHIES:
" Modern Architecture need not be Western."
" The city must be subjected to growth, decay and renewal."
"
"House of Michealerplatz, Vienna

Adolf Loos
"
"Sanatorio di Paimo, Finland

Alvar Aalto
"
"Notre Dame du Raincy, France

Auguste Perret
"
"Sagrada de Familia
Antonio Gaudi
"
"US Capitol, Washington DC

Benjamin Latrobe
"
"Glasgow School of Art

Charles Rennie Macintiosh
"
"Petronas Towers, Kuala Lumpur

Cesar Pelli
"
"Flatiron Building, NY
Daniel Burnham
"
"Jewish Museum, Berlin

Daniel Libeskind
"
"TWA Terminal
Eero Saarinen
"
"Helsinki Railway Station

Eliel Saarinen
"
"Los Manantiales, Mexico

Felix Candela
"
"Jay Pritzker Pavilion, USA

Frank Gehry
"
"Taliesin West, Arizona

History
Frank of Architecture
Loyd Wright
"
"Munich Olympic Stadium

Frei Otto
"
"Tokyo, Japan
Fumihiko Maki
"
"Eiffel Tower, Paris

Gustave Eiffel
"
"Bank of China, Hong Kong

Ieoh Ming Pei
"
"Sydney Opera House

Jorn Utzon
"
"Chrystal Palace
Joseph Paxton
"
"Fuji TV Headquarters
Kenzo tange
"
"Auditorium Building, Chicago

Louis Sullivan
"
"Salk Institute, California

Louis Khan
"
"Unite d' Habitacion, France

Le corbusuier
"
"Catedral de Brasilia
Oscar Niemeyer
"
"Seagram Building
Mies van de Rohe
"
"Portland Building, Oregon

Michael graves
"
"Habitat 67, Montreal

Moshe Safdie
"
"London City Hall

Norman Foster
"
"At & T Building, NY

Philip Jhonson
"
"Lippo Building , Hong Kong

Paul Rudolph
"
"Red House, England

History
Philip Webb of Architecture "
"Max Reinhardt House, Germany
Peter Eissenman
"
"Turin Exhibition Hall

Pier Luigi Nervi
"
"Tjibao Cultural Center, New Caledonia

Renzo Piano
"
"Jubilee Church, Rome

Richard Meier
"
"CCTV China
Reem Koolhaas
"
"Saginatobel Bridge
Robert Mailaart
"
"El Auditorio de Tenerife

Santiago Calatrava
"
"Church of the Light, Osaka

Tadao Ando
"
Willian Van Allen CHRYSLER BUILDING, NY
Wallace Harrison UN Building
Jacques Herzog and Pierre de "Allianz Arena

Meuron "
"Lloyds Building, London

Richard Rogers
"
"Torre Agbar
Jean Nouvel
"
Eero Saarinen DULLES AIRPORT VIRGINIA, USA
DP Archts & Micheal Wilford THE ESPLANADE Singapore
W.S. Atkins & partners DUBAI BURJ-AL-ARAB
Lord Norman Robert Foster HSBC Hongkong
"JIN MAO TOWER Shanghai - Number of floors: 88

Height: 420.60 meters
SOM design most refer to the number 8, an auspicious number for
Chinese
"
Minoru Yamasaki WORLD TRADE CENTER New York

C.Y. lee & partners TAIPEI 101 TAIPEI,TAIWAN
Frank Gehry GUGGENHEIM MUSEUM Bilbao,Spain
Frank Loyd Wright GUGGENHEIM MUSEUM New York
SOM John Hancock Center Chicago
"PETRONAS TWIN TOWER KUALA LUMPUR, MALAYSIA -

Number of floors: 88
Cesar Pelli
Height: 452 meters
"
IM pei THE LOUVRE
Dennis Lau & NG Chun Man CITIC PLAZA Guangzhou, China
SHREVE, HARMON & LAMB EMPIRE STATE BUILDING New York
Dennis Lau & NG Chun Man CENTRAL PLAZA Hong Kong
Bruce Graham SEARS TOWER Chicago
CESAR ANTONIO PELLI Two International Finance Centre Hong Kong
IM pei Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Cleveland, Ohio
Shreve , Lamb & Harmon SHUN HING SQUARE Shenzhen, China
IM pei East Building, National Gallery of Art 1978 Washington, D.C.
"EGLIS STE. GENEVIEVE (THE PANTHEON (1755-1792) PARIS

Jacques Germain Souflot FRANCE
"
Sir Christopher Wren ST. PAUL'S CATHEDRAL, LONDON (1675-1710
"ROYAL CRESCENT, BATH ENGLAND (1767-1775)

John Wood
"
"ROYAL CHAPEL, THE PALACE OF VERSAILLES (1707-1710)

Robert de Cotte FRANCE
"
"SEARS TOWER, CHICAGO (1947-1976) 110 STOREY Number

of floors: 110
Height: 443 meters
Bruce Graham / SOM still the tallest building if the antennas are included
has the highest occupied floors
"

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4/26/24, 8:20 PM History of Architecture Flashcards | Quizlet

History of Architecture Study

Terms in this set (1533)

"The beginner of the great hypostyle hall at karnak and the

"The mineral of greatest importance to Greek architecture of

Columnar trabeated Greek architecture was essentially.

"Forming the imposing entrance to the acropolis and erected

"The building in the acropolis generally considered as being

"With the use of concrete made possible by pozzolan, a

"Which of the order was added by the Romans to the orders

"From the 5th century to the present, the character of

"Romanesque architecture in Italy is distinguished from that

"The most famous and perfect preservation of all ancient

"The space between the colonnade and the naos wall in

Gladiatorial Contests Amphitheaters are used for ___.

"An ancient Greek Portico, a long colonnaded shelter used

Acropolis The fortified high area or citadel of an ancient Greek City.

"An upright ornament at the eaves of a tile roof, concealing

"Strictly, a pedestal at the corners or peak of a roof to

Anthemion Also called a 'Honeysuckle' ornament.

"In ancient Greece and Rome, a storeroom of any kind, but

Anthemion The characteristic of Greek ornament.

Refectory The dining hall in a monastery, a convent, or a college.

Baroque The architecture of the curved line is known as ___.

Cortel The open court in an Italian palazzo.

"The ornamental pattern work in stone, filling the upper part

Roman "cubicula" or bedroom is from what architecture.

"How many stained glass are there in the Chartres

"Parts of an entablature, in order of top to bottom.

Octagonal Plan shape of a Chinese pagoda.

13.. Usual number of stories for a Chinese pagoda.

Square Plan shape of a Japanese pagoda.

Pediment Triangular piece of wall above the entablature.

"A spherical triangle forming the transition from the circular

Narthex A long arcaded entrance porch in an early Christian church.

"The principal or central part of a church, extending from

Stylobate The uppermost step in the crepidoma.

Stereobate The lowest step in the crepidoma.

Eustyle Intercolumniation of 2.25 diameters.

Areostyle Intercolumniation of 4 diameters.

1.5 Diameters Pycnostyle intercolumniation has how many diameters?

3 Diameters Diastyle intercolumniation has how many diameters.

Circus "Roman building which is like the hippodrome of the Greek."

Colosseum Roman building for which gladiatorial battles took place.

Wrestling What sporting event takes place in the Palaestra?

Stadium A foot race course in the cities.

Callicrates and Ictinus Architects of the Parthenon.

"Found in the ground floor of the bahay na bato, it is where

"The emergency hideout found directly behind the

Cha-sit-su Japanese tea house

A Muslim temple, a mosque for public worship, also known as

Stupa Domical mound containing a relic.

Bale Ifugao house (southern strain).

"The style of the order with massive and tapering columns

"Earthen burial mounds containing upright and lintel stones

"A semi-circular or semi-polygonal space, usually in church,

"Temples in Greece that have a double line of columns

Prytaneion Senate house for chief dignitaries in Greek architecture