ENGINEERING M AT E R I A LS SELECTION

Semester II
Session 2019/202020

FACULTY OF MECHANICAL AND MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING

CHAPTER 1 :
INTRODUCTION TO MATERIALS SELECTION

“Akan datang kepada manusia suatu zaman, di mana orang-

orang tidak peduli lagi terhadap apa-apa yang mereka
peroleh, sama ada halal atau haram.”
(HR. Bukhari dari Abu Hurairah)
CHAPTER 1 : INTRODUCTION TO MATERIALS SELECTION

CONTENT

1.1 Methods of Selection

1.2 Materials in Design

1.3 Evolution in Engineering Materials

1.4 Sources of Information

METHODS OF SELECTION

CLASSICAL
(klasik)

IMITATIVE
(tiruan)

COMPARISON
(perbandingan)
1.1 METHODS OF SELECTION

CLASSICAL METHOD

• Selection is done through

analysis of function and
properties specification.

• Characteristics:
• function of component
• requirement of component
• materials properties
requirement
Imitative… some instances
1.1 METHODS OF SELECTION

IMITATIVE

Some metal toilet bolts have

a yellowish zinc coating that
makes them look like brass

Durable recycled plastic

polymer crafted to look and
feel like real wood

ceramic with platinum lustre

Selection is made by
equality or similarity of
function.
Ceramic knife
 1.1 1.1
Methods of OF
METHODS Selection
SELECTION

COMPARISON
• Assume the component
is made from a normal
& low cost material;
• the material disability is
then evaluated,
• if it is not suitable then
the other material is
selected and evaluated
• the process goes on
until a suitable material
is obtained.
Comparison… example
1.1 METHODS OF SELECTION

COMPARISON - EXAMPLE
 1.1 Methods OF
1.1 METHODS of SELECTION
Selection
CLASSICAL vs IMITATIVE vs COMPARISON
Classical method is more
specified, more global, high cost,
required longer time to complete
the selection and need to do a
prototype test.

Imitative and Comparison method

are faster and involve low cost,
however they are more suitable for
an experienced person or
designer.
 1.2 Materials in IN
1.2 MATERIALS Design
DESIGN

Design
a process of translating
new idea or a market
need into the detailed
information from which a
product can be
manufactured.

What is the ROLE of material in design…???

 1.2 Materials in Design
1.2 MATERIALS IN DESIGN

FUNCTION
(Fungsi)

MATERIALS SHAPE
(Bahan) (Bentuk)

PROCESS
(proses)
 1.2 MATERIALS IN DESIGN

Design problem, almost FUNCTION

(Fungsi)
always, are open-ended
– do not have a unique MATERIALS SHAPE
(bahan) (Bentuk)
or correct solution,
although some solution
PROCESS
will clearly be better (proses)

than others.
Note : Case studies after sub-chapter 1.4
1.3 EVOLUTION IN ENGINEERING MATERIALS
 1.4 SOURCE OF INFORMATION

• An engineer or designer -
should have a sufficient
knowledge and information
about materials and their
properties.

• Standard – ASTM (Am. Soc.

Testing & Materials), BS
(British), DIN German), JIS
(Japan), MS (Malaysia) etc.

• Software - CES, ANSYS,

SOLIDWORKS etc.
 1.4 SOURCE OF INFORMATION
IDEA

Component Housings, covers, gears, bolts,

Complex solid, long, short, hollow
Concentric, non-hollow concentric,
Solid non concentric, cup, dish, cone,
Spirals, repititive, flat, bent, flanged
category Bearings, wear surfaces,
Electrostructural, thermostructural,
Insulators, conductors, large
Shape Mechanical, springs, clips, force
category Absobers, light transmitters

Low temp limit Operational Environment resistance

High temp limit factors Surface coating
Joining method Cost allowance

Process characteristics Materials characteristics

Quantity, Size, Stability, Stiffness,

Candidate materials & processes
Precision, Density, Max. Stress,
Complexity, Finish, Toughness, Cost
Cost Materials data & optimisation