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 COBB
STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING

“The book, in its previous editions, has been an essential companion

of practising engineers, as well as of students of structural design. THIRD EDITION
The new edition fills a great need to provide the essential data for

Structural
anyone who may be required to use Eurocodes. This applies to
practising engineers as well as undergraduate and postgraduate
students of structural design.”
—Kuldeep S Virdi, Professor Emeritus, City University, London

Engineer’s
The hugely useful Structural Engineer’s Pocket Book is now overhauled
and revised in line with the Eurocodes. It forms a comprehensive pocket
reference guide for professional and student structural engineers, espe-
cially those taking the IStructE Part 3 exam. With stripped-down basic
material—tables, data, facts, formulae, and rules of thumb—it is directly

Pocket
usable for scheme design by structural engineers in the office, in transit,
or on site.
It brings together data from many different sources and delivers a
compact source of job-simplifying and time-saving information at an
affordable price. It acts as a reliable first point of reference for information

Book
that is needed on a daily basis.
This third edition is referenced throughout to the structural Eurocodes.
After giving general information and details on actions on structures, it
runs through reinforced concrete, steel, timber, and masonry.

K16062
THIRD
EDITION
Eurocodes
ISBN: 978-0-08-097121-6
90000

9 780080 971216
FIONA COBB
 THIRD EDITION

Structural
Engineer’s
Pocket
Book
Eurocodes
 THIRD EDITION

Structural
Engineer’s
Pocket
Book
Eurocodes
FIONA COBB

A SPON BOOK
CRC Press
Taylor & Francis Group
6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300
Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742

© 2015 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business

No claim to original U.S. Government works

Version Date: 20140728

International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4665-5208-1 (eBook - PDF)

This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reasonable efforts
have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher cannot assume respon-
sibility for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use. The authors and publishers have
attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and apologize to copy-
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Contents

Preface to Third Edition (Eurocodes) xi

Preface to Second Edition xiii
Preface to First Edition xv
Acknowledgements xvii
Text and Illustration Credits xix

1 General Information 1
Metric system 1
Typical metric units for UK structural engineering 2
Imperial units 3
Conversion factors 4
Measurement of angles 5
Construction documentation and procurement 6
Drawing conventions 8
Common arrangement of work sections 10
Summary of ACE conditions of engagement 11

2 Statutory Authorities and Permissions 13

Planning 13
Building regulations and standards 14
Listed Buildings 17
Conservation areas 18
Tree preservation orders 18
Archaeology and ancient monuments 19
Party Wall etc. Act 21
CDM 24
Building Information Modelling (BIM) 25

3 Design Data 27
Design data checklist 27
Structural form 28
Structural movement joints 30
Fire resistance periods for structural elements 31
Typical building tolerances 32
Historical use of building materials 33
Selection of materials 35
Selection of floor construction 36
Transportation 37
Temporary/auxiliary works toolkit 41

v
vi    Contents

4 Basic and Shortcut Tools for Structural Analysis 45

Load factors and limit states 45
Geometric section properties 46
Parallel axis theorem 49
Composite sections 49
Material properties 50
Coefficients of linear thermal expansion 53
Coefficients of friction 54
Sign conventions 55
Beam bending theory 56
Beam bending and deflection formulae 57
Clapeyron’s equations of three moments 62
Continuous beam bending formulae 64
Struts 65
Rigid frames under lateral loads 67
Plates 70
Torsion 74
Taut wires, cables and chains 75
Vibration 77

5 Eurocodes 79
Eurocode background 79
Eurocodes and European public procurement rules 81
Limit state philosophy and Eurocode partial safety factors 82
Combination factors 84
Summary of combined factors: Persistent situations 85
Comparison of BS and Eurocode partial load factors 86
Design life 87

6 Actions on Structures 89
Permanent actions 89
Variable actions: Imposed floor loads 93
Typical unit floor and roof loadings 97
Variable actions: Wind loading 99
Variable actions: Horizontal barrier loads 100
Minimum barrier heights 101
Eurocode combinations of actions for serviceability limit states 102
Typical deflection limits 103
Stability, robustness and disproportionate collapse 104

7 Reinforced Concrete 109

Concrete mixes 111
Reinforcement 114
Durability and fire resistance 117
Preliminary sizing of concrete elements 121
 Contents     vii

Reinforced concrete design to BS EN 1992 123

Reinforcement bar bending to BS 8666 142
Summary of differences with BS 8110 144
Reinforcement Estimates 146

8 Structural Steel 147

Types of steel products 147
Mild steel section sizes and tolerances 149
Hot rolled section tables 152
Member axes and dimension notation 205
Slenderness 205
Effective length 206
Structural steel design to BS EN 1993 216
Partial safety factors for section resistance in buildings 218
Buckling factor, x 222
Summary of differences with BS 5950: Structural steel 228
Stainless steel design to BS EN 1993 229
Elastic properties of stainless steel alloys for design 231
Durability and fire resistance 232
Stainless steel design to BS EN 1993-1 233
Steel design to BS 449 235

9 Composite Steel and Concrete 245

Composite design to BS EN 1994 251
Composite plastic moment capacity for simply supported beams 253

10 Timber and Plywood 255

Timber products 255
Summary of material properties 256
Sizes and processing of timber 256
Timber section sizes 257
Laminated timber products 258
Durability and fire resistance 260
Preliminary sizing of timber elements 263
Modification factors 268
Deflections 273
Timber joints 274
Summary of differences with BS 5268: Structural timber 280

11 Masonry 281
Summary of material properties 281
Geometry and arrangement 283
Durability and fire resistance 286
Movement joints in masonry with cement-based mortar 287
Preliminary sizing of masonry elements 288
viii    Contents

Masonry design to BS EN 1996 292

Masonry design to CP111 310
Lintel design to BS 5977 312
Masonry accessories 314

12 Geotechnics 321
Selection of foundations and retaining walls 322
Site investigation 323
Soil classification 324
Typical soil properties 325
Preliminary sizing 329
Introduction to geotechnical design to BS EN 1997 338
Trees and shallow foundations 340
Contaminated land 344

13 Structural Glass 349

Typical glass section sizes and thicknesses 352
Durability and fire resistance 353
Typical glass sizes for common applications 354
Structural glass design 356
Connections 358

14 Building Elements, Materials, Fixings and Fastenings 361

Waterproofing 361
Basement waterproofing 362
Screeds 366
Resin anchors 367
Precast concrete hollowcore slabs 368
Bi-metallic corrosion 369
Structural adhesives 370
Fixings and fastenings 373
Cold weather working 377
Effect of fire on construction materials 378

15 Sustainability 381
Context 381
Environmental indicators 382
Climate change predictions for the United Kingdom 383
Sustainability scenarios and targets 384
Sustainable building design priorities 386
Exposed slabs and thermal mass 388
Embodied energy 390
Construction waste 393
Reclaimed materials 395
Recycled materials 396
 Contents     ix

Design for demountability 397

Green materials specification 399
Toxicity, health and air quality 400
Sustainable timber 402
Cement substitutes 405
Sustainable aggregates 407

16 Useful Mathematics 411

Trigonometric relationships 411
Special triangles 413
Algebraic relationships 414
Equations of curves 414
Standard differentials and integrals 416

Useful Addresses 417

Further Reading 428
Sources 433
Index 437
Preface to Third Edition
(Eurocodes)

This, heavily revised, third edition of the Structural Engineer’s Pocket Book (SEPB) is not ‘yet
another guide to the Eurocodes’. It is intended as a day-to-day reference and hopes to satisfy a
number of different groups of engineers in the transition from British Standards to Eurocodes.
The first group includes those who are ‘fluent’ in Eurocodes and are looking for a source of
Euro-compatible facts and figures for day-to-day use. Next are the students or graduates who
have been taught Eurocodes at university, who are looking for a practical data book to comple-
ment their theoretical knowledge. Last, but not least, are the practising engineers who have
been content using British Standards who will want quick access to the ‘new’ codes, with the
differences, potential pitfalls and advantages clearly highlighted.

It has been difficult to strike a balance to cater for all of these groups, particularly when many
authors choose not to include references to British Standard notation. However, based on the
rationale that I used for the first edition, I have simply included what I find helpful, for example,
using both British Standard and Eurocode notation at the head of the steel tables as an aide
memoire, a quick reference table of differences between the different codes and inclusion of
older codes of practice for assessment of historic structures.

It should also be said that in the United Kingdom the simultaneous introduction of a completely
new and radical set of structural codes of practice, to replace all existing codes, has never been
attempted before. It is an immensely ambitious task. Despite the withdrawal of British Standards
in 2010, Eurocodes are not in widespread use and much of the innovative code content derived
from research has not been widely tested in the field. Key figures involved in the drafting of
the Eurocodes acknowledge that it will take time to find the ‘wrinkles’. All engineers should be
encouraged to ‘read the codes of practice like the devil reads the bible’ as whichever code of
practice is used, it is no substitute for sound engineering judgement.

The Eurocodes use considerable notation and symbols. The front and back covers include fold-
out leaves which summarise the most commonly used symbols for easy reference alongside the
main text.

Once again, I would be interested to receive any comments, corrections or suggestions on the
content of the book by email at structuralengineerspocketbook@gmail.com

Fiona Cobb

xi
Preface to Second Edition

When the Structural Engineer’s Pocket Book was first conceived, I had no idea how popular and
widely used it would become. Thanks to all those who took the time to write to me with sugges-
tions. I have tried to include as many as I can, but as the popularity of the book is founded on a
delicate balance between size, content and cover price, I have been unable to include everything
asked of me. Many readers will notice that references to Eurocodes are very limited. The main
reason being that the book is not intended as a text book and is primarily for use in scheme
design (whose sizes do not vary significantly from those determined using British Standards).
However, Eurocode data will be included in future editions once the codes (and supporting
documents) are complete, the codes have completed industry testing and are more widely used.

As well as generally updating the British Standards revised since 2002, the main additions to
the second edition are a new chapter on sustainability, addition of BS8500, revised 2007 Corus
steel section tables (including 20 new limited release UB and UC sections) and a summary of
Eurocode principles and load factors.

Once again, I should say that I would be interested to receive any comments, corrections or sug-
gestions on the content of the book by email at sepb@inmyopinion.co.uk

Fiona Cobb

xiii
Preface to First Edition

As a student or graduate engineer, it is difficult to source basic design data. Having been unable
to find a compact book containing this information, I decided to compile my own after seeing
a pocket book for architects. I realised that a Structural Engineer’s Pocket Book might be useful
for other engineers and construction industry professionals. My aim has been to gather useful
facts and figures for use in preliminary design in the office, on site or in the IStructE Part 3 exam,
based on UK conventions.

The book is not intended as a textbook; there are no worked examples and the information is
not prescriptive. Design methods from British Standards have been included and summarised,
but obviously these are not the only way of proving structural adequacy. Preliminary sizing and
shortcuts are intended to give the engineer a ‘feel’ for the structure before beginning design
calculations. All of the data should be used in context, using engineering judgement and current
good practice. Where no reference is given, the information has been compiled from several
different sources.

Despite my best efforts, there may be some errors and omissions. I would be interested to
receive any comments, corrections or suggestions on the content of the book by email at sepb@
inmyopinion.co.uk. Obviously, it has been difficult to decide what information can be included
and still keep the book a compact size. Therefore, any proposals for additional material should
be accompanied by a proposal for an omission of roughly the same size—the reader should
then appreciate the many dilemmas that I have had during the preparation of the book! If there
is an opportunity for a second edition, I will attempt to accommodate any suggestions which are
sent to me and I hope that you find the Structural Engineer’s Pocket Book useful.

Fiona Cobb

xv
8    Structural Engineer’s Pocket Book

Drawing conventions

Drawing conventions provide a common language so that those working in the construction
industry can read the technical content of the drawings. It is important that everyone uses
the same drawing conventions, to ensure clear communication. Construction industry drawing
conventions are covered by BS EN ISO 7519, which takes over from the withdrawn BS 1192 and
BS 308.

A drawing can be put to the best use if the projections/views are carefully chosen to show the
most amount of information with maximum clarity. Most views in construction drawings are
drawn orthographically (drawings in two dimensions), but isometric (30°) and axonometric (45°)
projections should not be forgotten when dealing with complicated details. Typically drawings
are split into: location, assembly and component. These might be contained in only one drawing
for a small job. Drawing issue sheets should log issue dates, drawing revisions and the reasons
for the issue.

Appropriate scales need to be picked for the different types of drawings:

Location/site plans – Used to show site plans, site levels, roads layouts, etc. Typical scales:
1:200, 1:500 and up to 1:2500 if the project demands.

General arrangement (GA) – Typically plans, sections and elevations set out as orthographic
projections (i.e., views on a plane surface). The practical minimum for tender or construction
drawings is usually 1:50, but 1:20 can also be used for more complicated plans and sections.

Details – Used to show the construction details referenced in the plans to show how individual
elements or assemblies fit together. Typical scales: 1:20, 1:10, 1:5, 1:2 or 1:1.

Structural drawings should contain enough dimensional and level information to allow detailing
and construction of the structure.

For small jobs or early in the design process, ‘wobbly line’ hand drawings can be used to illus-
trate designs to the design team and the contractor. The illustrations in this book show that
type of freehand scale drawings which can be done using different line thicknesses and without
using a ruler. These types of sketches can be quicker to produce and easier to understand than
computer-drawn information, especially in the preliminary stages of design.

Typical sheet sizes

A0 1189 × 841 mm
A1 841 × 594 mm
A2 594 × 420 mm
A3 420 × 297 mm
A4 297 × 210 mm
A5 210 × 148 mm
Another random document with
no related content on Scribd:
The Project Gutenberg eBook of London in the
Jacobite times, Volume II
 This ebook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United
States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with
almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away
or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License
included with this ebook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you
are not located in the United States, you will have to check the
laws of the country where you are located before using this
eBook.

Title: London in the Jacobite times, Volume II

Author: Dr. Doran

Release date: November 6, 2023 [eBook #72050]

Language: English

Original publication: London: Richard Bentley & Son, 1877

Credits: Carol Brown, Susan Skinner and the Online Distributed

Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file
was produced from images generously made available
by The Internet Archive)

*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK LONDON IN

THE JACOBITE TIMES, VOLUME II ***
 LONDON

IN

THE JACOBITE TIMES

VOL. II.
 LONDON: PRINTED BY
SPOTTISWOODE AND CO., NEW-STREET SQUARE
AND PARLIAMENT STREET
 LONDON
IN

THE JACOBITE TIMES

BY

Dᴿ DORAN, F.S.A.

AUTHOR OF ‘TABLE TRAITS’ ‘QUEENS OF THE HOUSE OF HANOVER’

‘THEIR MAJESTIES’ SERVANTS’ ETC.

IN TWO VOLUMES

VOL. II.
 LONDON
RICHARD BENTLEY & SON, NEW BURLINGTON STREET
Publishers in Ordinary to Her Majesty the Queen
1877

All rights reserved.

 CONTENTS
OF

THE SECOND VOLUME.

CHAPTER I.
(1724-’25-’26-’27.)
PAGE
Loyal and Disloyal Printers—Sacheverel—His Death—A
new Toast—Bolingbroke—Bolingbroke’s Adversaries
—In the Lords’ House—Denunciations against him—
An Epigram—Fresh Intrigues—Political Writers—
Wharton, Boasting—Prince William, Duke of
Cumberland—In Kensington Gardens—Seaforth’s
Pardon—Robert Macgregor Campbell—Rob Roy’s
Letter to Wade—Rob Roy in Newgate—Rob Roy in
London—A Note of Alarm—Patriotic Jacobites—
Voltaire—The New Reign—Coronation—Prince
Frederick 1

CHAPTER II.
(1728 to 1732.)
Mist’s Journal—Lockhart of Carnwath—George II. and 27
Lockhart—The Jacobite Cause—Character of the
House of Commons—The King and Queen—
 Atterbury weary of Exile—The Prince of Wales at
Church—The Morals and Manners of the Time—
Atterbury, on Mist—Thomson’s ‘Sophonisba’—Cibber
made Poet Laureate—Jacobite Hearne—A Jacobite
Threat—Difficulties in Professional Life—Death of
Defoe—‘Fall of Mortimer’—Duels and Sermons—
Young Lord Derwentwater—A Standing Army—The
Duke’s Grenadiers—General Roguery—Death of
Atterbury—Burial of Atterbury—At Scarborough—
Notorious Jacobites—The Earl of Derwentwater

CHAPTER III.
(1733 to 1740.)
Approaching Storm—Wyndham in Parliament—Political
Sermon—Stormy Debates—The Young Chevalier—
Lord Duffus—The Calves’ Head Club—The Calves’
Head Riot—The ‘30th of January’—Objectionable
Toasts—Foster, in the Old Jewry—The Queen and
the Artist—Chesterfield’s Wit—Scene in Westminster
Hall—Jacobites and Gin-Drinkers—The Stage
fettered—Fear of the Pretender—Walpole, on
Jacobites—Curious Discussion—Safety of the Royal
Family—‘Agamemnon’—The King, in Public—Political
Drama—Henry Pelham and the Jacobites—Jacobite
Prospects—Death of Wyndham 55

CHAPTER IV.
(1741 to 1744.)
Incidents in Parliament—Party Characteristics—On 82
Hounslow Heath—Tories not Jacobites—Condition of
Parties—In Leicester Fields—Awaking of Jacobites—
Chesterfield’s Opinions—King and Elector—Highland
Regiment in London—Desertion of the Men—March
of the Deserters—The Highlanders at Oundle—
 Military Execution—Threatened Invasion—Confusion
—Preparations—Declaration of War—Letter from
Hurd—Public Feeling—Lady M. W. Montague—Carte,
the Nonjuror—Carte’s History of England—Various
Incidents—Lady Nithsdale

CHAPTER V.
(1745.)
‘Tancred and Sigismunda’—Political Drama—The young
Chevalier—Feeling in London—Hopes and Fears—
Horace Walpole’s Ideas—Divisions in Families—
Court and City—Varying Opinions—London Wit—The
Parliament—The Radcliffes—The London Jacobites
—The Venetian Ambassador—Monarch and Ministers
—News in private Letters—The London Trainbands—
Scenes at Court—The King’s Speech to the Guards—
Aspects of Society—French News of London—
Anxiety and Confidence—Johnson and Lord Gower—
Bolingbroke 108

CHAPTER VI.
(1746.)
War Criticism—Breaking an Officer—Rebel Prisoners—
London Mobs—Ambassadors’ Chapels—The Havoc
of War—Flying Reports—News of Culloden—A
popular Holiday—Carlyle and Smollett—‘Tears of
Scotland’—Indignation Verses 133

CHAPTER VII.
(1746.)
The Players—Sadler’s Wells and the New Wells— 146
Culloden on the Stage—Mrs. Woffington—The Press,
on Culloden—Savagery and Satire—The
 Caricaturists—Pseudo-Portrait of Charles Edward—
The Duke of Ormond—Burial of Ormond—The
Question of Inhumanity—Instigators of Cruelty—The
Prisoners in London—The Duke in Aberdeen—
Looting—The Duke and his Plunder—A Human Head
—‘Sweet William’—Flattery

CHAPTER VIII.
(1746.)
Colonel Towneley—King’s Evidence—Towneley’s Trial
—Conviction—Captain Fletcher—The Manchester
Officers—‘Jemmy Dawson’—The Jacobite Press—
The Condemned Jacobites—Painful Partings—Within
Prison Walls—The Last Morning—Via Dolorosa—At
Kennington Common—Behaviour—Execution—
Heads and Bodies—Other Trials—A Mad Jacobite—
Sir John Wedderburn ‘Bishop’ Coppock 166

CHAPTER IX.
(1746.)
At the Whipping Posts—In Westminster Hall—
Preparations for the new Trials—The Lord High
Steward—The Spectators’ Gallery—Kilmarnock and
Cromartie—Balmerino—The Prosecution—Balmerino
and Murray—‘Guilty, upon my Honour!’—Kilmarnock’s
Apology—Cromartie’s Plea—Balmerino’s Defence—
Balmerino’s Conduct—George Selwyn—Kilmarnock’s
Principles—The Principles of Balmerino—Leniency of
the Government 188

CHAPTER X.
(1746.)
The Duke at Vauxhall—Opinion in the City—In the 207
 Tower—Lord Cromartie—Lord Kilmarnock—On Tower
Hill—The Executions—Charles Radcliffe—The Trial—
Mr. Justice Foster—Conduct of Radcliffe—To
Kennington Common—Cibber’s ‘Refusal’—Execution
of Radcliffe—Lovat’s Progress—Hogarth’s Portrait of
Lovat—Arrival at the Tower—Rebels and Witnesses
—Tilbury Fort—French Idea—A London Elector’s Wit
—Trial of Lovat—Scene in Westminster Hall—Father
and Son—The Frasers—Murray of Boughton—
Murray’s Evidence—Cross Examination—The Verdict
—Gentleman Harry—The Death Warrant—Execution
—George Selwyn—Lovat’s Body—The White Horse,
Piccadilly—Jacobite Toasts—The Earl of Traquair—
Plotting and Pardoning—Æneas Macdonald—The
Countess of Derwentwater—Sergeant Smith—The
Jacobite’s Journal—Carte’s History of England—
Hume’s ‘History’—Jacobite Johnson—Johnson’s
Sympathies—Flora Macdonald—Flora’s Sons

CHAPTER XI.
(1748 to 1750.)
Depreciation of the Stuarts—The Government and the
Jacobites—Enlargement of Prisoners—In the Park
and on the Mall—The Statue in Leicester Square—An
Eccentric Jacobite—Gloomy Reports—The
Haymarket Theatre—Treasonable Pamphlets—
Murray and Lord Traquair—Political Meeting—Dr.
King’s Oration—The Earl of Bath—The Laureate’s
Ode—The Jacobite Muse—Prisons and Prisoners
—‘Defender of the Faith’—News for London 256

CHAPTER XII.
(1751 to 1761.)
Death of Great Personages—The New Heir to the 275
 Throne—Lord Egmont on Jacobites—In both Houses
—Jacobite Healths—The Royal Family—
Parliamentary Anecdotes—Attempt to make
‘Perverts’—Dr. Archibald Cameron—Before the
Council—Trial of Cameron—The Doctor’s Jacobitism
—Charles Edward, a Protestant—Cameron’s Creed—
The Last Victim—In the Savoy—A Scene at
Richardson’s—Cameron’s Case—A Minor Offender—
Suspicion against the Duke—The Anti-Jacobite Press
—The City Gates

CHAPTER XIII.
(1751 to 1761.)
The old Chevalier and the Cardinal—Roman News in
London Papers—A Son of Rob Roy—Jacobite
Paragraphs—Hume’s ‘History’—At Rome—Hopes
and Interests—Illness of the old Chevalier—
Accession of George III.—King and People—Charles
Edward at Westminster 298

CHAPTER XIV.
(1744 to 1761.)
Charles Edward in Manchester—Miss Byrom’s Diary—
The Visit in 1748—The Visit in 1750—Dr. King and
the Chevalier—Memoranda—Further Memoranda—
Charles Edward’s Statement—The Visit in 1752-3—
Credibility of the Stories—Conflicting Statements—At
the Coronation—At the Banquet—George and
Charles Edward—A Disqualification—The
Protestantism of Charles Edward—Foundation of the
Story 310

CHAPTER XV.
 (1761 to 1775.)
State of London—Good Feeling—A Jacobite Funeral—
Dr. Johnson’s Pension—Johnson’s View of it—His
Definition of a Jacobite—Death of the Duke of
Cumberland—Death of the old Chevalier—Funeral
Rites—George III. and Dr. Johnson—Johnson, on
George III.—Johnson’s Pension opposed—A 30th of
January Sermon—Debate on the Sermon—Marriage
of Charles Edward—Walpole, on the Marriage—The
Last Heads on Temple Bar—Dalrymple’s ‘Memoirs’—
Walpole’s Anti-Jacobitism—Anti-Ultramontanism
—‘The Happy Establishment’—Garrick’s Macbeth 328

CHAPTER XVI.
(1776 to 1826.)
A Plebiscite for the Stuarts—The Last of the Nonjuring
Bishops—The Jacobite Muse—Jacobite Johnson—
Boswell on Allegiance—A Jacobite Actress—Burns’s
‘Dream’—Burns on the Stuarts—The Count of Albany
—Robert Strange—Strange’s Adventures—Strange in
London—New Hopes—Strange at St. James’s—The
Jacobite Knighted—Sir Robert and Lady Strange—
Death of Charles Edward—The Countess of Albany
at Court—In the House of Lords—The Countess, on
English Society—Hanoverian Jacobites—Jacobite
Ballads—‘Henry the Ninth’—Hume’s History of the
Rebellion—A Jacobite Drama—The Drama Revised
—Satirical Ballad—Reversal of Attainders—Debate in
the Commons—A Transpontine Play—The Body of
James the Second—Ceremony at St. Germain—
Something New 351

CHAPTER XVII.
VICTORIA.
Old Jacobite Titles—More Restorations—The Cromartie 385
Title—Titles under Attainder—Fitz-Pretenders—
Admiral Allen’s Son and Grandsons—Working
through Literature—The Romance of the Story—‘Red
Eagle’—‘Tales of the Last Century’—The Lever of
Poetry—Poetical Politics—The Black Cockade—The
Allens in Edinburgh—The Succession to the Crown—
A Derwentwater at Dilston—Descent of the Claimant
—Obstacles in Pedigrees—John Sobieski Stuart—
The elder Son of ‘Red Eagle’—Stuart Alliances—
Fuller Particulars—The Stuart-d’Albanies—Jacobite
Lord Campbell—Lord Campbell, on old Judgments—
Time’s Changes—At Chelsea and Balmoral
 LONDON
IN

THE JACOBITE TIMES.

 CHAPTER I.

(1724-’25-’26-’27.)
singular illustration of the still partially
LOYAL AND
troubled times which followed is DISLOYAL
furnished by a proceeding of Samuel PRINTERS.
Negus, printer. In 1724 he published a
list of all the printers then exercising their craft in
London, and he most humbly laid it before Lord Viscount
Townshend; no doubt, for his guidance. The list is divided into four
parts. The first consists of those ‘known to be well affected to King
George.’ There are thirty-four of these ultra-loyal fellows, with Negus,
of course, among them. The second list is headed ‘Nonjurors;’ in
this, three names are entered, one of which is ‘Bowyer.’ In the third
list, headed, ‘said to be High Flyers,’ there are two and thirty names;
among them are found Alderman Barber (the friend of Swift, of
Bolingbroke and Pope), Richardson (the novelist), and Mist (the
Jacobite and something more!). The fourth list consists of three
names, ‘Roman Catholics.’ Negus was probably a malicious though
loyal busy-body. His list harmed neither Nonjuror nor High Flyer.
When, in 1729, Mr. Speaker Onslow was instrumental in procuring
for Bowyer the printing of the votes of the House of Commons, an
alarmed and loyal Whig asked Mr. Speaker if he was aware that he
was employing a Nonjuror. ‘I am quite sure of this,’ said Onslow, ‘I
am employing a truly honest man.’ There was no lack of them
among Nonjurors, and it is pleasant to find that even the High Flyers
came soon to be looked upon by reasonable Whigs as honourable
men. In 1732 Alderman Barber was elected by his fellow citizens
Lord Mayor of London; and he was the first printer who enjoyed that
dignity. This is the more remarkable, as poor Mrs. Manley, mistress
of the alderman’s house and of the alderman, had bitterly satirised
the Whig Ministry in her ‘New Atalantis.’ But the lady was now dead,
and the High-Flying Barber lost nothing by his old Jacobite opinions.
 In the year 1724, the Nonjurors lost one who had
SACHEVEREL.
been their foremost man till he took the oath of
allegiance; namely Sacheverel. That act of homage to Brunswick
was never forgotten or forgiven by the Jacobites. When Sacheverel
died in the spring of 1724, Hearne could only acknowledge his
boldness and good presence. ‘He delivered a thing better than a
much more modest man, however preferable in learning, could do.’
Hearne sarcastically calls Sacheverel a ‘but,’ and says the best thing
this but ever printed was the speech at his trial, ‘which was none of
his own, but was penned by Dr. Francis Atterbury.’ Hearne’s hardest
hit at this recreant parson is to be found in the following words: ‘He
was but an indifferent scholar, but pretended to a great deal of
honesty, which I could never see in him, since he was the forwardest
to take the oaths, notwithstanding he would formerly be so forward in
speaking for, and drinking the health of, King James III.’
The once famous and audacious Nonjuror, the
HIS DEATH.
friend of Addison when both were young together, lost
caste with the Jacobites without gaining the esteem of the Whigs.
Mist’s High-Flying ‘Weekly Journal,’ of which Sacheverel was once
the Magnus Apollo, recorded his death and burial with no more
ceremony than if he had been an ordinary alderman of no particular
political colour. Perhaps this great reserve showed that sureties
binding Mist to keep the peace were not mere formalities. Not so
with Read and his Whig ‘Weekly.’ On Saturday, June 20, Sacheverel
received therein this charitable notice: ‘Yesterday night was buried,
at St. Andrew’s, Holborn, Dr. Henry Sacheverel, whose virtues are
too notorious to be enlarged upon. One of his most conspicuous
excellences for many years last past was that he got his living in the
high road to—which though through great Mercy he escaped here,
yet some people are so very censorious as to judge,—but this we
look upon to be barbarous and unchristian, and we say we hope the
best, and yet we heartily wish our Hopes were a little better
grounded. However, as there is a good old saying, De mortuis nil nisi
bonum, i.e. “If you speak of the dead, speak in their praise,” and not
being able, upon the strictest enquiry, to find the least commendable
circumstance relating to the Deceased, from his cradle to his coffin,
we choose rather to be silent than uncivil.’
 The doctor seemed to recall his oath of allegiance, when he made
a bequest in his will of 500l. to Atterbury. It was an approval, as far
as the sum went, of the efforts of the ex-prelate to dethrone George
I., and to bring in a Popish sovereign, who was not at all reluctant to
promise especial favours to the Church of England! That Atterbury
was watching events in London is now known, from his
correspondence. In one of his letters from Paris to the Chevalier or
‘King,’ he refers with vexation to the conciliatory course the
Government in London was adopting towards the Jacobites: ‘They
are beginning,’ he says, ‘with Alderman Barber on this head, and
have actually offered him his pardon here for 3,000l., which it shall
not be my fault, if he accepts.’ The ex-Jacobite alderman ‘went over,’
in spite of the Jacobite ex-bishop.
The 30th of January sermons (1725) before the Lords, in the
Abbey, and the Commons, in St. Margaret’s, had now almost ceased
to be political. The former was preached by Waugh, Bishop of
Carlisle, from the Book of Chronicles; the latter, by the Rev. Dr.
Lupton, from 1 Samuel xii. 25, a text which had been much preached
on by expounders on both sides: ‘If ye shall still do wickedly, ye shall
be consumed, both ye and your king.’
Against the king in possession, the Jacobites now A NEW TOAST.
and then flung pointless darts. Mist’s Journal uttered
sarcasms against the Westminster mounted Train Bands,
complimenting the most of them for not tumbling out of their saddles.
The same semi-rebel paper recorded with satisfaction, as a sign of
the Duke of Wharton’s principles, that if the little stranger ‘expected
by the Duchess, proved to be a boy, his name should be James; if a
girl, Clementina;’ or, in other words, the child was to be called after
the King or Queen of England, de jure. Not long after, the bold and
roystering London Jacobites were rapturously drinking a health,
which was given by one guest in the form of ‘Henry,’ to which
another added, ‘Benedict,’ a third named ‘Maria,’ and a fourth raised
his glass to ‘Clement.’ In this form, they greeted the birth of the
second son of the Chevalier de St. George. Some ventured to
(prematurely) speak of him as Duke of York. The Whigs looked upon