Objective of the project

General objective
The general objective of this project is to designing lift table of fuel tank.

Specific objective
 To develop design analysis for the machine components.

 To select appropriate materials for lifting table machine.

 To prepare the part and assembly drawing of the machine components.

 The project is aimed at designing a manual operated lift table to move, lift and lowers
the fuel tank with ease and in the most economical way, reduce time and energy
consumption reduce labor force, minimize injury or accident of the raw material,
introduce or adapt this type of lifting machine to MIE.

 Specifically, we design the single lift table components such us it’s: upper plate (cap),
upper and lower links, pin, power screw, fixed nut (screw housing) and main nut
(protective) and driving handle.

Generally, the lift table of fuel tank. These powerful machines can carry up 700N of weight with
ease They are reliable, lasting tools here to make our life much easier. And the lift table where
it’s maximum lifting height is 620 mm and minimum lifting height is 260 mm length.

Short summery of lift table of fuel tank

Lift table is a mechanical device used for various applications for lifting of the loads to a
height or level. A lift table is defined as a scissor lift used to stack, raise or lower, convey
and/or transfer material between two or more elevations. The main objective of the devices
used for lifting purposes is to make the table adjustable to a desired height. A scissor lift
provides most economic dependable & versatile methods of lifting loads; it has few moving
parts which may only require lubrication. This lift table raises load smoothly to any desired
height. The scissor lift can be used in combination with any of applications such as hydraulic,
mechanical, electric, pneumatic etc. Lift tables may incorporate rotating platforms (manual or
powered); tilt platforms, etc., as a

part of the design. Scissor lift design is used because of its ergonomics as compared to other
heavy lifting devices available in the market. The frame is very sturdy & strong enough with
increase in structural integrity. A multiple height scissor lift is made up of two or more leg
sets. These types of lifts are used to achieve high travel with relatively short platform.
Industrial scissor lifts and tilters are used for a wide variety of applications in many industries
which include manufacturing, warehousing, schools, grocery distribution, military, hospitals
and printing. The scissor lift contains multiple stages of cross bars which can convert a linear
displacement between any two points on the series of cross bars into a vertical displacement
multiplied by a mechanical
advantage factor. This factor depends on the position of the points chosen to connect an
actuator and the number of cross bar stages. The amount of force required from the actuator
is also amplified, and can result in very large forces required to begin lifting even a moderate
amount of weight if the actuator is not in an optimal position. Actuator force is not constant,
since the load factor decreases as a function of lift height.

Types of lifts can be classified based on the type of energy used; -

(a) Hydraulic lifts

(b) Mechanical lifts
(c) Electric lifts

Fig; Hydraulic lift table

Fig: Mechanical lift table

Fig: Electric and Pneumatic lift table

Methodology
I will try to solve this problem by data collection, using primary and secondary data
collection method. After collecting these data, I will solve the problem by replacing
traditional way or manual operation to lift table supported operation by calculating all
geometry and design analysis of the lift table machine parts.

A series of methods were followed during the design of this lift table machine. The major
ones are described as follows

 Problem definition and justification:

 Gathering information: is a method used to collect data to define a root cause of
problems by asking employers, taking some measurement and observations.
 Concept generation: is a method used to generate alternative solutions and options to
solve a defined problem.
 Decision making: is a major stage used to select the best alternative solutions for the
  defined problem.
 Embodiment design and detail design: from the selected concept mathematical,
strength,
and force analyses are done. Detail design and material Selection for each
component.
 Modelling of system components: by the data and result of the above procedures the
modelling of the part or object is

Observation

Problem identification

Visualize the project

Is it problem No
Solver?

Yes

Concept generation

Literature review

Design assumption

Material selection

Design analysis

Result and discussion

Is it safe? No

Yes

3D modelling

Conclusion and recommendations

Fig; Methodology of the project

Literature review
Human quest for improvement has never been satisfied. The drive towards better and greater
scientific and technological outcome has made the world dynamic. Before now, several
scientist and engineers have done a lot of work as regards the scissors lift in general. A
review of some of that work gives the design of a mechanical scissors lift.

e-ISSN: 0975-4024 Corrado Andrea et al. / International Journal of Engineering and

Technology (IJET): Scissors lifting table is a device that employs a scissors mechanism to
raise or lower goods and/or persons. Typically, lift tables are used to raise large, heavy loads
through relatively small distances. Common applications include pallet handling, vehicle
loading and work positioning, automatic production lines, distribution lines and so on. Lift
tables are a recommended way to help reduce incidents of musculoskeletal disorders by
correctly re-positioning work at a suitable height for operators. They can work in hostile
environments, be used indoor or outdoor with a considerable extensive space, be
manufactured in stainless steel. The scissors mechanism is one of the most important
components of the lifting table, whose capability influences directly the performance of the
whole equipment, therefore identifying the structure's dimensions is one of the most critical
aspects. Other critical aspects to design a table are to identify the scissors posts, the bottom
car and the upper platform, and above all to define the actuation mechanism for lifting. In
fact, in the last half century many kinds of actuation mechanism for lifting have been
developed and implemented in scissors lifting platform in order to have scissors lifting table
with higher and higher loading capability, faster and faster speed and more and more
stability.

The first scissor platforms have been built around 1950 by the Jervis B. Webb Corporation,
although improvements have been made in materials and safety, since then, the basic design
is still often used. The concept is ideally suited, since it offers portability and efficiency.
Moreover, those industrial platforms retract to the smallest possible size when they are
completely closed. In its first application it has been driven by a hydraulic system and it has
had a simple structure. Later, a scissors lifting table has been proposed with a screw drive that
has been placed at the bottom of scissors lifting table.
The mechanical scissors lift is used for lifting materials especially on industrial. This is one
of the most recent advancement on scissors lift. There, the lift utilizes a belt drive system
connected to a load screw which constructs the “X” pattern on tightening and expands it on
loosening. The lead screw actually does the work, since the applied force from the wheel is
converted to linear motion of the lift by help of the lead screw. This can be used to lift the
working and equipment to a height. A general knowledge however, regarding screws will
reveal the loss due to friction in the screw threats. Therefore, the efficiency of this device is
low due to losses in friction. Also, the power needed to drive the machine is manual, and
much energy is expanded to achieve a desired result. Its suitability however, cannot be
overemphasized as it can be used in almost every part of the country whether there is
availability of electricity or not.

There are many industries which use many material handling devices for proper material
handling and safety purpose like manual material handling, power operated material
handling. Production on a tall machine it difficult to carry material on machine, holding job
on machine is difficult. For this purpose, they make a suitable material handling device name
is "Toggle jack" as material handling and lifting device. In that device they use a power screw
mechanism and trolley mechanism combine for a handling a heavy row material. Power
screw are used to convert rotary motion into translator motion, for example in case of lead
screw of a lathe machine, rotary motion available but tool has to be advanced distance in
direction of cut against the cutting resistance of a material. In case of screw small force
applied in horizontal plane is used to raise or lower the large load. Power also used in toggle
jack, screw jack, vice, material testing machine etc. In a toggle jack the nut has an axial
motion against resisting axial force while screw rotates in a stationary bearing. In screw jack,
a screw rotates and moves axially against resisting force while nut is stationary.