CLASS-9 SCIENCE EXTRA QUESTIONS

CHAPTER 1 - MATTER IN OUR SURROUNDINGS

MCQ QUESTIONS
1. Which of the following are also considered to be the states of matter?
(i) Plasma(ii) Platelets
(iii) BFC(iv) BHC
(a) (i) and (ii)(b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (i) and (iii)(d) (ii) and (iv)
2. One of the following does not undergo sublimation. This one is:
(a) iodine (b) sodium chloride
(c) ammonium chloride
(d) camphor
3.
(i) condensation (ii) vaporization
(iii) freezing(iv) melting
(a) only (i)(b) only (iv)
(c) (i) and (iii)(d) (ii) and (iv)
4. If the temperature of an object is 268 K, it will be equivalent to:
(a) -5ºC(b) +5ºC
(c) 368ºC(d) -25ºC
5. The boiling point of ethane is,
-88ºC. This temperature will be equivalent to:
(a) 285 K(b) 288 K
(c) 185 K(d) 361 K
6. When heat is constantly supplied by a gas burner with small flame to melt ice, then the
temperature of ice during melting:
(a) increases very slowly
(b) does not increase at all
(c) first remains constant and then increases
(d) increases to form liquid water
7. When water at 0ºC freezes to form ice at the same temperature of 0ºC, then it:
(a) absorbs some heat
(b) releases some heat
(c) neither absorbs nor releases heat
(d) absorbs exactly 3.34 × 105 J / kg of heat
8. When heat is constantly supplied by a burner to boiling water, then the temperature of
water during vaporistion:
(a) rises very slowly
(b) rises rapidly until steam is produced
 (c) first rises and then becomes constant
(d) does not rise at all
9. The latent heat of fusion of ice is:
(a) 3.34 × 105 J / kg
(b) 22.5 × 105 J / kg
(c) 3.34 × 104 J / kg
(d) 22.5 × 104 J / kg
10. The latent heat of vaporisation of water is :
(a) 22.5 × 106 J / kg
(b) 3.34 × 106 J / kg
(c) 22.5 × 104 J / kg
(d) 3.34 × 105 J / kg
11. Which one of the following set of phenomena would increase on raising the temperature?
(a) diffusion, evaporation, compression of gases
(b) evaporation, compression of gases, solubility
(c) evaporation, diffusion, expansion of gases
(d) evaporation, solubility, diffusion, compression of gases.
12. Which of the following represent the suitable condition for the liquefaction of gases?
(a) low temperature, low pressure
(b) high temperature, low pressure
(c) low temperature, high pressure
(d) high temperature, high pressure
13. During summer days, water kept in an earthen pot (pitcher) becomes cool because of the
phenomenon of:
(a) diffusion (b) transpiration
(c) osmosis (d) evaporation

14. On converting 25ºC, 38ºC and 66ºC to Kelvin scale, the correct sequence of temperatures
will be:
(a) 298 K, 311 K and 339 K
(b) 298 K, 300 K and 338 K
(c) 273 K, 278 K and 543 K
(d) 298 K, 310 K and 338 K
15. The conversion of a solid into vapours without passing through the liquid state is called:
(a) vaporization(b) fusion
(c) sublimation(d) freezing
16. The evaporation of water increases under the following conditions:
(a) increase in temperature, decrease in surface area
(b) increase in surface area, decrease in temperature
(c) increase in surface area, rise in temperature
(d) increase in temperature, increase in surface area, addition of common salt

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 17. On converting 308 K, 329 K and 391 K to Celsius scale, the correct sequence of
temperatures will be:
(a) 33ºC, 56ºC and 118ºC
(b) 35ºC, 56ºC and 119ºC
(c) 35ºC, 56ºC and 118ºC
(d) 56ºC, 119ºC and 35ºC

1. (c) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (a) 5. (c) 6. (b) 7. (b)

8. (d) 9. (c) 10. (a). 11. (c). 12. (c). 13. (d)
14. (a) 15 (c). 16. (c). 17. (c)

Q1. Which of the following are matter (1 Mark)

Ans. Chair, air, almonds, cold drink, smell of perfume.

Q2. Give reasons for -

The smell of hot sizzling food reaches you several meters away,

but to get the smell from cold food you have to go close. (1 Mark)

Ans. This is because the particles of fragrance move faster at higher temp. due to

more K.E. and diffuse into the air of the various rooms.

Q3. A diver is able to cut through water in a swimming pool. Which property o

matter does this observation show? (2 Marks)

Ans.

This observation supports the following properties of water (or liquids).

1. The intermolecular forces in water (or liquids) are not very strong.
2. The particles in liquids can be easily displaced from their original position.
3. Liquids show reasonable fluidity.

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Q4. What are the characteristics of the particles of matter? (3 Marks)

Ans. 1. Particles of matter have space between them.

2. Particles of matter are continuously moving.

3. Particles of matter attract each other.

Q5. The mass per unit volume of substance is called density.

Arrange in order of increasing density. (1 Mark)

Ans. Air < exhaust from chimneys < water < honey < cotton < chalk< iron.

Q6. Give characteristics I Differences between shares of matter.(3 Marks)

Ans.

Solid Liquid Gas

1. Property Shape A solid has a definite A liquid has a Gases have no

& Volume shape and volume definite volume & definite shape & fixed
takes the shape of volume.
the container

2. Compressibility Solids are rigid and Liquids are slightly Gases are highly
incompressible more compressible compressible
than solids.

3. Density Solids in general Liquids have lower Gases have very low
have higher density density than solids densities.
(Mass/Volume)

4. Inter molecular In solids, Intermolecular Intermolecular forces

forces. intermolecular forces forces( or cohesive in gases are weakest.
are very Strong forces in liquids are

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 weaken than those
in solids

5. Diffusion Diffusion of a solid Liquids diffuse more Gases diffuse very

into another solid is easily than solids rapidly
extremely slow.

6. Interparticle In solids, the In liquids the In gases, the

spaces. constituent particles constituent particles particles are very
are arranged in a are loosely packed loosely packed &
highly ordered & there is free move form one
manner called space between places to another.
lattice. them.

7.Nature A solid cannot flow & A liquid has the In gas the molecules
cannot occupy the property to flow & move with high
total space occupy the space as speeds & occupy all
available. per its volume the available space.
comparatively

8. Molecular nature LOW High Very high

of K.E.

Q7. Give reasons.

a. A gas fills completely the vessel in which it is kept. (1 Mark)

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Ans. In gases, the intermolecular forces are negligible. So, the particles of gases are free
to move in any direction. As a result, gases fill the container in which they are kept.

B. A gas exerts pressure on the walls of the container. (1 Mark)

Ans. The particles in all the gases move with high speeds in all directions. When these
particles strike the walls of the container, they exert force on the walls of the container.
Force per unit area is called pressure. So, gases exert pressure on the walls of the
container due to the impact of the striking particles.

C. A wooden table should be called a solid. (1 Mark)

Ans. Because-

1. It has a fixed shape and definite volume.

2. It is rigid and cannot be deformed easily as the intermolecular forces in wood are
strong.

D. We can easily move our hand in air but to do the same through a solid block
of wood we need karate experts. (1 Mark)

Ans. The intermolecular space in gases (air) is very large, whereas in solids e.g. wood
there is very lithle intermolecular space. In addition, the intermolecular forces in gases,
the intermolecular forces are negligible.

Q8. Liquids generally have lower density as compared to solids. But ice floats on
water. Why? (2 Marks)

Ans. In ice, molecules form hydrogen bonds. Ice exists in cage like structure. Due to cage
like structure, the molecules of water are not closely packed in ice but have vacant spaces
between them. Due to this, ice has less density them water & floats on water-

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Q9. Convert the following temp to Celsius scale:

(a) 300 k
(b) 573 k.(1 Mark)

Ans. (a) T=t+273.

300= t+273

300-273=t

=) t =27oc

(b) 573=t+273

573-273=t

=) t =300oc.

Q10. What is the physical state of water at?

(a) 250oc
(b) 100oc (1 Mark)

Ans. 250oc = Gas (Vapours)

100oc = evaporation will lake place & water in liquid form will change into vapours.

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Q11. For any substance, why does the temp remain constant during, the change
of state? (2 Marks)

Ans. This is because the heat supplied to the substance is used up (absorbed) in
overcoming the intermolecular forces, and therefore, it does not show up as a rise in the
temperature.

Thus, the heat supplied during melting and boiling remains hidden from the thermometer
and is called latent heat (meaning hidden).

Q12. Suggest a method to liquefy atmospheric gases. (1 Mark)

Ans. Air is liquefied by lowering temperature and increasing pressure simultaneously.

Q13. Why does a desert cooler cool better on a hot dry day? (2 Marks)

Ans. In a desert cooler, hot and dry air passes through wet pads of wood-sharing water
takes heat from the hot air and evaporates. The evaporation of water-cools the pads, and
the circulating water too. As a result the incoming air also gets cooled down.

Q14. Why are we able to sip hot tea on milk faster from a saucer rather than a
cup? (2 Marks)

Ans. The surface area of the liquid hot tea on milk is move in a saucer than in a cup.
Therefore cooling will be faster in a saucer than in a cup. Hence, we are able to sip not tea
on milk faster from a saucer rather than a cup.

Q15. How does the water kept in an earthen pot (matka) become cool during
summer? (2 Marks)

Ans. An earthen pot (matka) has small pores in its walls. When water is poured into it,
some of it seeps through these pones to its outer surface. On reaching there, it

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evaporates. The heat required for evaporates. The heat required for evaporation is taken
from the earthen pot and from the water in it. As a result, the water in an earthen pot
gets cooled down.

Q16. Why does our palm feel cold when we put some acetone on petrol or
perfume on it? (2 Marks)

Ans. When we put some acetone or petrol or perfume on our palm, the particles of any of

colling, hence, our palm feels cold.

Q17. What type of clothes should we wear in summer? (2 Marks)

Ans. During summers, we perspire, more due to the body mechanism to keep it cool. The
perspiration comes out through the pones in our skin. It evaporates absorbing heat from
our body leaving it cool.

Cotton is a good absorber of water. It absorbs the sweat and exposes it to the
atmosphere. This speeds up evaporation of the sweat and makes us comfortable. Hence,
we should wear cotton clothes during summers.

Q18. Convert the following temperatures to the Kelvin scale. (1 Mark)

Ans.

(a) 25oc

T = t+273

T = 25+273

T = 298 K

(b) 373oc

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 T = 373 +273

= 646K.

Q19. Arrange the following substances in increasing order of force of attraction

between the particles - water, sugar, and oxygen. (1 Mark)

Ans. The arrangement in the increasing order of intermolecular force is

Oxygen < Water < Sugar.

Q20. What is the physical state of water at?

a) 25oc
b) 0oc
c) 100oc (3 Marks)

Ans. A. Liquid - water at 25oc.

B. Ice - water at 0oc

C. Steam water at 100oc

Q21. Give reasons. ( 2 Marks)

a. Naphthalene balls disappear with time without leaving any solid.

Ans. Naphthalene sublimes even at room temperature. The vapour of naphthalene either
gets absorbed by the fabric or escapes into the atmosphere.

b. We can get the smell of perfume sitting several metres away.

Ans. The particles of perfume in vapour form diffuse into the air. As the gas molecules
are continuously moving randomly they reach to a person sitting several metres away.

Q22. Give two reasons to justify.

a)Water at room temperature is a liquid.(3 Marks)

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Ans. 1. In water, the intermolecular forces are strong enough to keep its particles bound
to each other.

2.The melting point of water is below room temperature.

b) An iron Elmira is a solid at room temperature.

Ans. Because

1. It has a fixed shape & definite volume.

2. It is rigid and cannot be deformed easily. This shows that the inter
molecular forces in iron are very strong.

Q23. Why is ice at 273k more effective in cooling than water at same temp?

(1 Mark)

Ans. Because it can draw from any other body, 3.35X105 J Kg-1 heat moves than the
same weight of when at the same temp.

Q24. What produces move severe burns, boiling water or steam? (1 Mark)

Ans. Steam produces move severs burns than boiling water.

Q25. Name A, B, C, D, and E & F in the following diagram. (5 Marks)

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Ans. A - Fusion or melting

B - Vaporization or boiling

C - Condensation

D - Solidification

E - Sublimation (shape 1)

F - Sublimation (Shape 2)

Q26. Define matter. (1 Mark)

Ans. Anything which occupies space and has mass is known as matter.

Q27. What are the different states of matter? Why? (1 Mark)

Ans. There are three different states of matter - solid, liquid and gas. These states of
matter arise due to the variation in the characteristics of the particles of matter.

Q28. Instead of being solid a sponge is compressible. Comment.(1 Mark)

Ans. A sponge has minute holes in which air is trapped, when we press it, the air is
expelled out and we are able to compress it.

Q29. Write the full form of L.P.G. & C.N.G. (1Mark)

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Ans. LPG - Liquefied petroleum gas.

CNG - Compressed natural gas.

Q30. Define melting point. (1 Mark)

Ans. The temp. at which a solid melts to become a liquid at the atmospheric pressure is
called its melting point.

Q31. Define the following terms. ( 5 Marks)

Fusion, latent heat of fusion, boiling point, latent heat of vaporization,

sublimation.

Ans. Fusion- Change of solid state into liquid state is called fusion.

Latent heat of fusion- The amount of heat energy that is required to change 1
Kg of a solid into liquid at atm. Press. At its m.pt. is known as the latent heat of fusion.

Boiling point - The temp. at which a liquid starts boiling at the atmospheric
pressure is known as its boiling point.

Latent heat of vaporization - The amount of heat energy that is required to

change 1kg of a liquid into vapours without any rise in temp. is known as latent heat of
vaporization.

Sublimation - When a substance changes directly from solid state to gaseous

state & vice versa without changing into the liquid state it is called sublimation.

Q32. Why the states of matter differ? (1 Mark)

Ans. The difference in various states of matter is due to the diff. In the distances between
the constituent particles.

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Q33. What is dry ice? Why it is known so? (2 Marks)

Ans. Solid Co2 is known as dry ice. Solid Co2 gets converted directly to gaseous state on
decrease of pressure to 1 atm without coming into liquid state. This is the reason that
solid CO2 is known as dry ice.

Q34. What are the factors, which determine the state of a substance?

(1Marks)

Ans. Pressure and temperature determine the state of a substance, whether it will be
solid, liquid or gas.

Q35.

Define evaporation. (1 Marks)

Ans. The phenomenon of change of liquid into vapours at any temp below its b.pt. is
called evaporation.

Q36. Define humidity. (1 Mark)

Ans. Humidity is the amount of water vapour present in air.

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Q37. Explain why there is no rise in temp. of a substance when it undergoes a
change of state although it is still being heated. (2 Marks)

Ans. Once the change in state of a substance starts (solid to liquid on liquid to gas), the
temp. of the substance does not change, Actually, the heat energy now supplied does not
increase the K.E of the constituting particles. It is absorbed either as latent heat of fusion
on as latent heat of vaporization.

Q38. Why do we see water droplets on the outer surface of a glass containing
ice-cold water? (1 Mark)

Ans. f water,
loses energy and gets converted to liquid state, which we see as water droplets.

Q39. Differentiate between evaporation & boiling. (2 Marks)

Ans.

EvaporationBoiling1. Evaporation of a liquid takes place of it own. 2. Evaporation takes

place at all temperatures. 3. Evaporation is a surface phenomenon and occurs only from
the surface of the liquid. 4. Cooling is always caused during evaponation.1. Boiling occurs
only when the liquid is heated. 2. Boiling takes place at a specific temp. Known as the b.pt
of a liquid. 3. Boiling occurs from the surface as well as from below the surface of the
liquid. 4. No cooling is caused during boiling.

Q40. What are the factors on which evaporation depends? (1 Mark)

Ans. Factors on which evaporation depends are -

A. Surface area

B. Temperature

C. Wind velocity.

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 Q41. Is matter continuous or particulate? (1 Mark)

Ans. Matter is not continuous, it is particulate in nature i.e. it is made up of particles.

Q42. Define diffusion. (1 Mark)

Ans. When particles of one substance occupy the vacant spaces present in the particles
of the other substance, this is called diffusion.

Q43. Explain giving an activity that the liquids differ in their relative diffusion
rates. (2 Marks)

Ans. Take water in two glass beakers. From the side of one of the beakers, add a drop of
blue ink and a drop of honey from the side in the other beaker. The blue colour will
immediately spread throughout water indicating fast diffusion. Honey will diffuse slowly.
Actually the attractive forces among the particles in blue ink are less as compared to
honey, which is also heavier and viscous. The before, diffusion in case of blue ink is faster
than in honey.

Q44. Can matter change its state? State the conditions under which it changes.
(2 Marks)

Ans. Yes, the three states of matter can be interconverted under suitable conditions.

1. By changing the temperature.

2. By changing the pressure.

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Q45. Which scale of measuring the temp. is best? (1 Mark)

Ans. Kelvin scale is the best scale for measuring temp. as it has no - ve sign.

Q46. We use the terms gas and vapours both to represent the gaseous state of a
substance. Are the two terms same or there is some diffenence in them?

(2 Marks)

Ans. We can use the term vapours to represent the gaseous state of a substance, which is
a liquid at room temp. For the rest, the term gas is to be use.

e.g. we can use the terms water vapours, alcohol vapours because both of them are
liquids at room temp. But it is not coverts tp say ammonia vapours & hydrogen vapours
because ammonia & hydrogen do not exist as liquids at room temp. Both of them are
gaseous in nature, we must call these as ammonia gas & hydrogen gas.

Q47. What are volatile liquids? (1 Mark)

Ans. Liquids having low boiling points are known as volatile liquids.

Q48. A rubber band changes its shape when stretched. Can it be regarded as
solid? (1 Mark)

Ans. Yes, it can be regarded as solid. A rubber band undergoes a change in shape on
stretching i.e. applying pressure. When the pressure is released, it regain its original
shape. Such solids are known as elastics.

Q49. How will you demonstrate that air contains water vapours? (2 Marks)

Ans. Take a dry glass beaker and fill it will some crushed ice. After sometime, droplets of
water are observed on the outer surface of glass became of condensation of water
vapours present in air when they come in contact with the glass surface where the temp.
is very low.

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Q50. A certain substance ‘A’ Cannot be compressed but takes up the shape of
any container in which it is placed. What is the physical state of A? (1 Mark)

Ans. The physical state of the substance ‘A’ is a liquid.

Q51. Are the melting point temperature of the solid state and the freezing point
temp. of the liquid state of a substance different. (1 Mark)

Ans. No, these are the same.

e.g. melting pt. Of ice = 0oc or 273k

and freezing pt. Of water = 0oc or 273k

Q52. Why do solids generally lack the property of diffusion? (1 Mark)

Ans. In solids the particles are packed very closely and possess very low kinetic energy
hence they lack the property of diffusion.

Q53. What is the normal noon temperature? (2 Marks)

Ans. Normal noon temp is 25oc or 298 k.

Q54. Why do we sweat move on a humid day? (2 Marks)

Ans. During a humid day, the air around us has already high percentage of water
vapous. Therefore, the water coming from the skin gets less opportunity to change into
vapours and remains sticking to our body, we therefore sweat move on a humid day.

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