VEX + – + VEX + – +

VO VO
– –

Full-Bridge I Full-Bridge II

–V – 2V r
strain ( ε ) = ---------r strain ( ε ) = ------------------------
-
GF GF ( ν + 1 )

+ – +
VEX VO
–

Full-Bridge III

– 2V r
strain ( ε ) = -----------------------------------------------------------
GF [ ( ν + 1 ) – V r ( ν – 1 ) ]