Lecture#22
Surface texture
The higher the smoothness of the surface, the better
is the fatigue strength and corrosion resistance.
Friction between mating parts is also reduced due to
better surface finish
It is not possible to achieve in practice, a geometrically
ideal surface of a component and hence, production
drawings of components must also contain information
about the permissible surface conditions
Surface conditions is represented by surface Texture
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ME205 : Machine Drawing
Nov 15,2011
School of Engineering
Lecture#22
Surface texture
Surface texture or surface finish refers to the repetitive or
random deviations of the surface from the nominal surface
Surface texture is the variation in the surface.
Surface irregularities which influence the functional
qualities of the matting parts are known as surface texture.
Waviness width
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ME205 : Machine Drawing
Nov 15,2011
School of Engineering
Lecture#22
Four elements:
roughness - small finely spaced deviation (micro irregularities)
waviness - larger spaced deviation (macro irregularities)
lay - direction of texture
flaws irregularities like
cracks,
scratches, blow
holes, etc that
occur at one
place or at
widely varying
intervals on the
surface
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ME205 : Machine Drawing
Nov 15,2011
School of Engineering
Lecture#22
Surface Roughness
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ME205 : Machine Drawing
Nov 15,2011
School of Engineering
Lecture#22
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ME205 : Machine Drawing
Nov 15,2011
School of Engineering
Lecture#22
Roughness
Roughness includes the finest (shortest wavelength)
irregularities of a surface.
Roughness generally results from a particular production
process or material condition.
Waviness
Waviness includes the more widely spaced (longer
wavelength) deviations of a surface from its nominal shape.
It usually occur due to warping, vibration or deflection during
the machining
Lay
Lay refers to the predominant direction of the surface texture.
Ordinarily, lay is determined by the particular production
method and geometry used
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ME205 : Machine Drawing
Nov 15,2011
School of Engineering
Lecture#22
Surface roughness value
The surface roughness value represents the average
departure of the surface from perfection over a prescribed
sampling length, usually selected as 0.8 mm. T
The measurements are made along a line.
It is measured by Centre Line Average (CLA) method
Ra (microns) value
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ME205 : Machine Drawing
Nov 15,2011
School of Engineering
Lecture#22
Surface roughness Value expected from
various manufacturing processes
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ME205 : Machine Drawing
Nov 15,2011
School of Engineering
Lecture#22
Surface roughness grade number and
symbol
The surface roughness is marked by grade numbers
ranging from N1 to N12
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ME205 : Machine Drawing
Nov 15,2011
School of Engineering
Lecture#22
Symbols of
directions of
lay
The direction of
lay is the
direction of the
predominant
surface pattern,
ordinarily
determined by
the production
method
employed
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ME205 : Machine Drawing
Nov 15,2011
School of Engineering
Lecture#22
Basic Symbol of surface texture
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ME205 : Machine Drawing
Nov 15,2011
School of Engineering
Lecture#22
The basic symbol may have three shapes
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ME205 : Machine Drawing
Nov 15,2011
School of Engineering
Lecture#22
Symbols of
directions of
lay
The direction of
lay is the
direction of the
predominant
surface pattern,
ordinarily
determined by
the production
method
employed
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ME205 : Machine Drawing
Nov 15,2011
School of Engineering
Lecture#22
Indications of surface texture on drawings
1. As far as possible, the symbol shall be
oriented in such way that they may be
read from the bottom or the right hand
side of the drawing.
2. If it is difficult to execute this general
rule, the symbol may be drawn in any
position but it does not carry any
indications of special surface texture,
machine allowance, etc
3. If necessary, the symbol may be connected to the surface
by a leader line
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ME205 : Machine Drawing
Nov 15,2011
School of Engineering
Lecture#22
4. If the same surface roughness is required
on all the surfaces of a part, it is specified,
either near the title block by a note or shown
on the right hand top side of the part
5. If the same surface texture is required on the majority of
the surfaces of a part, it is specified with the addition of, the
notation, except where otherwise stated , or a basic symbol
(in brackets) without any other indication, or the symbol or
symbols (in brackets) of the special surface texture or
surface textures
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ME205 : Machine Drawing
Nov 15,2011
School of Engineering
Lecture#22
SolidWorks
Dim pert toolbar : It provides tools for placing dimensions and
tolerances on parts
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ME205 : Machine Drawing
Nov 15,2011
School of Engineering
