Lines on a Map

To start, let's discuss the lines on a map that measure distances. Lines that measure distances east or west are known as
Meridians . These lines run from the North Pole to the South Pole and are crucial for measuring longitude. Therefore, the
correct answer to the question about lines measuring east and west is:

*Meridian

On the other hand, lines that measure distances north or south are called Parallels . These lines circle the Earth parallel to the
Equator and are used to measure latitude. Thus, the correct answer for lines measuring north and south is:

*Parallel

Measurement of Distances

Next, let's examine how we measure distances between meridians on a globe. This measurement is known as Longitude , which
indicates how far east or west a location is from the Prime Meridian. Hence, the term used for this distance is:

*Longitude

When it comes to visual representations of the Earth or parts of it, we use a Map . A map provides a flat representation of
geographical areas, whereas a globe is a three-dimensional model of the Earth. Thus, the correct term for a visual
representation is:

*Map

Directions

Now, let's talk about directions. Lines on a map or globe that represent distances in the cardinal directions (north, south, east,
and west) are known as Cardinal Directions . For instance, North, South, East, and West fall into this category. Therefore, the
correct answer is:

*Cardinal Directions

For directions like northeast and southeast, we use Secondary Directions . These include Northeast, Southeast, Northwest, and
Southwest. The appropriate term for these directions is:

*Secondary Directions

Geographic Features

Moving on to geographic features, a collection of islands is termed an Archipelago . Examples of archipelagos include the
Philippines and the Hawaiian Islands. Thus, the correct term for a group of islands is:

*Archipelago

To identify a country based on the water around it, we refer to a Cape . A cape is a prominent point of land extending into a
body of water, which helps in locating regions in relation to surrounding waters. Hence, the correct answer is:

*Cape

Measurement Systems

Regarding measurement systems, lines on a map or globe that help in measuring distances east or west of the Prime Meridian
are known as Longitude Lines . These lines are essential for determining east-west positions. Therefore, the correct term is:

*Longitude Lines
Conversely, lines that measure distances north or south of the Equator are referred to as Latitude Lines . These lines help in
determining north-south positions. The correct term here is:

*Latitude Lines

Angular Distance

The angular distance between two parallels, moving towards the north or south of the Equator, is called Latitude . This
measurement indicates how far a location is from the Equator. Thus, the correct term is:

*Latitude

For the angular distance between two meridians extending towards the east or west, we use the term Longitude . This
measurement shows how far east or west a location is from the Prime Meridian. The correct term is:

*Longitude

Poles and Systems

When discussing the extremities of the Earth, the southernmost end is known as the South Pole . This is the point farthest
south on Earth, while the northernmost point is the North Pole. Therefore, the correct answer is:

*South Pole

Locating a place on a map becomes easier with the use of the Grid System . This system provides coordinates that simplify the
identification of specific locations. Thus, the correct term is:

- C) Grid System

Finally, the Prime Meridian at 0° longitude divides the Earth into the Eastern and Western Hemispheres . This division is
essential for geographic orientation. Hence, the correct answer is:

*Eastern and Western

True or False Statements

Let’s evaluate some statements to further solidify our understanding:

1. The Philippines is located in East Asia. False . The Philippines is situated in Southeast Asia.

2. The northernmost end of the Earth is at 90° north latitude. True . The North Pole is located at this latitude.

3. The Prime Meridian divides the Earth into the northern and southern hemispheres. False . The Equator is responsible for this
division, not the Prime Meridian.

4. The Philippines is found between latitudes of 4°23' and 21°25' north and longitudes of 116°00' east. True . These coordinates
accurately describe the location of the Philippines.

5. The Philippine archipelago is surrounded by water. True . As an archipelago, the Philippines is encircled by water on all sides.

Conclusion

Understanding these fundamental geographical concepts and terms is essential for effective map reading and geographical
orientation. Familiarizing yourself with these key ideas will enhance your ability to navigate and interpret maps accurately.
Thank you for participating in today’s lecture!
Here are the answers to your questions:

1. What are lines on a map that measure distances east or west?

- A) Meridian

2. What are lines on a map that measure distances north or south?

- B) Parallel

3. What do we call the distance between two meridians on a globe?

- B) Latitude

4. What is a visual representation of the Earth or part of it called?

- B) Map

5. Which lines on a map or globe represent distances north, south, east, and west?

- B) Cardinal directions

6. Which lines on a map or globe indicate directions like northeast and southeast?

- A) Secondary directions

7. What do we call a collection of islands?

- A) Archipelago

8. What is used to locate a country based on the water around it?

- B) Cape

9. Which lines on a map or globe help in measuring distances east or west of a prime meridian?

- B) Longitude lines

10. Which lines on a map or globe help in measuring distances north or south of the equator?

B) Latitude lines
11. The angular distance between the two parallels going towards the north or south of the Equator is the ________?

B) Latitude

12. The angular distance between the two meridians going towards the east or west is the __________?

B) Longitude

13. The southernmost end of the earth is the _________?

B) South Pole

14. Looking for a place on a map becomes easier by using the ___________?

C) Grid system

15. The Prime Meridian at 0° longitude divides the earth into these hemispheres

A) Eastern and western

Here are the answers to the questions based on the provided terms:

21. The short-term or temporary condition of the atmosphere that can be observed over a short period of time

- Weather

22. The usual condition of the atmosphere of a place or region

- Climate

23. The special parallels that divide the world into the northern and southern hemisphere

- Equator

24. The special meridians that divide the world into the eastern and western hemisphere

- Prime Meridian

25. The region known as low-latitude

- Tropical

26. The degree of warmth or coldness measured by a thermometer with a numerical scale

- Temperature
 27. The ratio between the actual humidity in the atmosphere and its capacity to carry humidity in a place that has the same
temperature

- Relative Humidity

28. The speed of the wind

- Wind Velocity

29. An element of the climate measured by a barometer

- Air Pressure

30. This monsoon comes from the southern hemisphere, and is experienced in the Philippines from June to September

- Southwest Monsoon