READING VISUAL ARTS (midterm) of resembling the act of expression
and the presentation of the self
VISUAL ARTS- are art form create works that
(GEBAUER, 1992)
are primarily visual in nature, such as
ceramics, drawings, paintings, sculptures etc.
2. ART AS REPRESENTATION
(ARISTOTLE)- similar to Plato’s
writings about mimeses Aristotle
1. FINE ARTS- the term “fine arts” refers to
also defined mimesis as the
an art form practiced mainly for its value
perfection and imitations of nature.
and beauty rather than its functional
Art is not only imitation but also the
value.
use of mathematical ideas and
-it also represents visual or auditory art symmetry in the search for the
relished solely for its aesthetic and intellectual perfect, the timeless and
depth. contrasting being with becoming.
Nature is full of changes, but art also
search for what is everlasting.
2. CONTEMPORARY ARTS- the visual arts (AUERBACH, 1953)
also include a number of modern art
forms, such as assemblage, collage, 3. ART FOR ART SAKE (KANT)- The role
mixed- media, conceptual arts, of arts could be nothing less than to
installation, happening etc. create beauty. For Emmanuel Kant
(1724- 1804) is “that which without
3. DECORATIVE ARTS AND CRAFTS- the any concept is recognized as the
general category of visual arts object of necessary satisfaction”.
encompasses a number of decorative The appropriate stance of the
art disciplines and crafts, including spectator, perceiving “beauty” is
ceramics and studio pottery, mosaic one of indifference. In contradiction,
art, mobiles, tapestry, glass art and taste is always ordered upon
others. indifferent, but this indifference is
also the key to the recognition of the
4. OTHER- wider definition of visual arts university of beauty.
sometimes include applied art areas
such as graphic designs, fashion
THE SUBJECT OF ARTS
designs and interior design.
- Refers to any person, object, scene or
event described or represented in a
PILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVES OF ARTS
work of art.
- Perspectives points to the nature of
2 TYPES OF SUBJECTS OF ARTS
arts, including such as concepts as
interpretations, representations and 1. REPRESENTATIONAL OR OBJECTIVE-
expressions and forms. arts represents objects or events in the
real world, usually looking easily
1. ART IS MINESIS (PLATO)- minesis recognizable. It uses “form” and is
derived from Greek word “mimos” concerned with “what is to be depicted
meaning to imitate. Minesis is a in the artwork” Ex. Paintings, sculpture,
critical and philosophical term that graphic arts, literature and theatre arts
carries a wide range meanings, 2. NON- REPRESENTATIONAL OR NON-
which include representations, OBJECTIVE- those arts without any
imitations and mimicry etc, the act reference to anything outside itself
(without representation). It is non- layers of ions can be slide over each other when force
objective because it has no is applied.
recognizable objects. It is abstract in
the sense that it doesn’t represent real
MEDUIM IN SCULPTURE
objects in our world.
1.SCULPTURE STONE
SOURCES OF SUBJECT ART -sandstone
-limestone
1. PRIMARY SOURCE- provide
-granite stone
firsthand testimony and direct
evidence concerning a topic under -basalt
investigation.
2. SECONDARY SOURCES-
2.MARBLE
interprets and analyse primary
sources. Because they often written 3. JADE SCULPTURE (wood is common for its softness
and hardness.
significantly after events by parties
not directly involved but who have 4.IVORY- trunk of an elephant
special expertise, they may provide 5.Metal
historical context or critical
perspectives. 6. Plaster- mixed of water to become thick
7. Clay
8. Porcelain
LESSON 2: SCULPTURE
9. Glass
1.Free-Standing- sculptures, monuments and statues
2. Relief Sculpture- bass (like a coin) or high relief
(inches from the flat surface) LESSON3: ARCHITECTURE
3. Kinetic Sculpture- a sculpture that has an ability to Architecture- designing and constructing building
move, using metal, woods and plastics.
DIFFERENT CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM
TRADITIONAL METHOD EMPLOYED IN SCULPTURE
1.Post and Lintel-is a building system where strong
1.Carving- sofrative process, using chisel horizontal elements are held up by strong vertical
elements large spaces between them.
2.Modeling- additive process, materials like clay or
wax 2.Arch- dome- a rounded vault made up of curved
segments (an arch rotated around a vertical axis)
3.Casting- more complicated, negative model
(plaster) 3. Cantilever- is a rigid structural element that
extends horizontally and is supported at one end.
4. Fabrication- welding or using metals
4.Truss- a triangulated system of straight
interconnected structural elements
3 CHARACTERISICS OF METAL
5. Skeleton Construction- is a framed structure often
1.Tensile- a strong property of metal it can’t break used for the construction of multi-storey buildings.
even you put a heavy thing on it.
2.Ductile- property of metals that permits it to be
Landscaping- artificial arrangement of outdoor areas
permanently drawn, bent, or twisted into various
in order to achieve aesthetic effect.
shapes without breaking. Made up og wires.
3.Maleable- refers to the property of metals by which
they can be beaten into thin sheets. Like the sword
