AIR Pollution
Presented by: Abdullayev Sayyar
Asadzadeh Raul
University/faculty: ASOIU-SABAH Groups
Specialty: Oil & Gas Engineering
Free Air
Group: 234.22ES
Teacher: Muslumova Gunay
Subject: English-5
Baku-2024
2
List of contents
Introduction 3
Sources 4-6
Effects 7-8
Solutions 9-15
Scale of AP 16
Nothing is “Perfect” 17
Conclusion 18
3
INTRODUCTION TYPES OF AIR
POLLUTION
Air pollution refers to the presence of harmful substances in Gaseous Pollutants:
Carbon dioxide
the air we breathe, such as gases, particulates, and
(CO2), sulfur dioxide
biological molecules, which can harm human health, (SO2), nitrogen
ecosystems, and the climate. oxides (NOx).
KEY FACTS Particulate Matter
(PM): Tiny particles
like dust, soot, and
The air we breathe can be
smoke.
contaminated by natural Polluted air affects more
sources (volcanoes, than 90% of the world’s
wildfires) and human population, according to Biological Pollutants:
activities (vehicles, the WHO (World Health Pollen, mold spores,
factories). Organization). and bacteria.
4
SOurces
There are 2 main sources of air pollution:
Human-Made (Anthropogenic)
Sources
Transportation IndUstrial ENERGY AGRICULture
Activities PRODUCTION
Natural Sources
VOLCANIC WILDFIRES DUST STORMS
ERUPTIONS
5
SOurces
Human-made (Anthropogenic) sources:
Transportation AGRICULture
Combustion of fossil fuels in cars, buses and etc. A.Methane emissions from livestock digestion (enteric
releases CO2, nitrogen oxides (NOx), and fermentation).Ammonia (NH3) from fertilizers and
particulate matter.Transportation accounts for animal waste.Burning crop residues releases carbon
nearly 14% of global greenhouse gas emissions monoxide and particulate matter.
IndUstrial ENERGY
Activities PRODUCTION
Factories and power plants emit sulfur dioxide, Coal-fired power plants are major contributors to
nitrogen oxides, and greenhouse gases.Cement sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide emissions.Oil and
manufacturing and metal production release natural gas extraction processes release methane
toxic pollutants like mercury and lead. (CH4).
6
SOurces
Natural sources:
VOLCANIC ERUPTION WILDFIRES
Volcanoes release sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbon Wildfires emit carbon monoxide (CO), particulate
dioxide (CO2), and ash into the atmosphere. matter, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
Dust Storms OCEAN SPRAY
Large amounts of particulate matter from dry Ocean sprays release natural sulfur compounds
regions. into the atmosphere.
7
EFFECTS
Air pollution is a leading cause of several health problems, both short-term and long-term.
SHORT-TERM EFFECTS LONG-TERM EFFECTS
Irritation of Eyes, Nose, and Throat: Exposure to Chronic Respiratory Diseases: Asthma, bronchitis,
smog and particulate matter. and reduced lung function.
Respiratory Issues: Coughing, wheezing, and Cardiovascular Diseases: Airborne pollutants
shortness of breath due to exposure to pollutants increase the risk of heart attacks and strokes.
like sulfur dioxide and ozone. Cancer: Prolonged exposure to carcinogens like
benzene and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
(PAHs).
Premature Deaths: WHO estimates that air pollution
contributes to 7 million premature deaths annually.
8
EFFECTS
Air pollution is also effecting our environment.
CLIMATE CHANGES acid rain
Greenhouse Gases: Carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane
Sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) react
(CH4) trap heat, contributing to global warming.
with water vapor to form acidic precipitation.
Rising global temperatures lead to extreme weather
Damages forests, soil, crops, and aquatic ecosystems.
events like droughts, floods, and etc.
harm to wildlife damage to vegetation
Airborne toxins accumulate in plants and water Ozone (O3) exposure affects plant growth, reducing
sources, harming animals. crop yields.
Reduced biodiversity as pollution destroys habitats and Particulate matter blocks sunlight, disrupting
disrupts food chains. photosynthesis.
9
SoLUTIONS FOR
Air Pollution
There are a variety of solutions for air pollution, Less dependence LESS DEPENDENCE ON
including: on vehicles FOSSIL FUELS
RECYCLING-
REDUCING-REUSING
10
Less dependence on
vehicles
Most cars use gasoline, diesel etc. and because of this,
cars emit CO, CO2, NO and other gases that can harm the
environment.
Reduce the use of private cars, opt in for public
transport. (more preferably, use bike s or walk).
Use modern cars which emit less gases (more
preferably, electric cars).
11
Less dependence oN
vehicles
Sales of electric vehicles -
battery electric vehicles and
plug-in hybrid electric
vehicles - have surged
since 2017 and tripled in
2020 when the current CO2
targets started to apply.
12
Less dependence on FOSSIL
FUELS
From gasoline to natural gas, we use fossil fuels as energy
sources. We have to cut down on the use of them to stop air
pollution.
Turn off lights when not used.
Cut down on heating using natural gas.
Use less gas for cooking.
Do not use wood stoves.
13
Less dependence on FOSSIL
FUELS
Many companies involved in the production of fossil
fuels have planned to transform into net-zero
companies by the future.
14
RECYCLING-REDUCING-
REUSING
We have to understand that garbage we throw also
contributes to air pollution, from its production to
decomposition.
Recycle stuff!
Print and photocopy on both sides of paper.
Buy organic grocery.
Choose products that use recycled materials.
Opt-in for reusable items.
15
RECYCLING-REDUCING-
REUSING
Another common factor leading to air pollution, is online
shopping.
In June 2020, global retail e-commerce traffic
reached a record 22 billion monthly visits and a
staggering US$26.7 trillion in sales.
Products’ packaging contributes in large part to
CO2 emissions from producing plastics, polluting
ecosystems as well as adding enormous amounts
of waste to our landfills. And of the 86 million tons of
plastic packaging produced globally each year, not
even 14% is recycled.
16
SCALE OF AIR POLLUTION
Global Map of Modeled Annual Median Concentration of PM2.5
(source- WHO)
17
NOTHING IS ‘PERFECT’
While air pollution solutions come at a huge advantage,
there are some issues related to them:
High cost of alternative green products.
Competitive disadvantages- if one company decides to go fully ‘green’, this will
take a lot of time from the company which will weight it down and put it behind
other companies.
Marginal impact- the methods we mentioned to solve pollution will be at an
inconsiderable rate if they are done by only a small group of people, meaning
these steps have to be taken by everyone.
18
CONCLUSION To overcome the problem of air pollution,
we have to work together and be
accountable for the actions we have done.
Put yourself in the shoes of people
who suffer from the consequences
of pollution and hold responsibility
for your initiative.
19
REFERENCES
https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/resources/fact-sheets/simple-solutions-help-
reduce-air-pollution
https://www.europarl.europa.eu/topics/en/article/20190313STO31218/co
2-emissions-from-cars-facts-and-figures-infographics
https://www.forbes.com/sites/rrapier/2020/06/20/bp-review-new-
highs-in-global-energy-consumption-and-carbon-emissions-in-2019/
https://earth.org/online-shopping-and-its-environmental-impact/
Advantages and Disadvantages of green technology; goals, challenges
and strengths. (n.d.). International Journal of Science and Engineering
Applications, 6(09, 2017).
Let's work together to
maintain pollution free air
for a better future
Thank You
