NAME: GABIÑETE KENT M.
DATE: 04/11/23
COURSE/YEAR: BSMARE-3 INSTRUCTOR:
2/E ROGACIANO EMBOLODE
1. What is Hand Tools?
Hand tool, any of the implement used by crafts persons in manual operations. Hand tools are
simple tools which you use with your hands , and which are usually not powered also Hand
tools is any tool that is powered by hand rather than a motor examples are chopping,
chiseling, , cutters, files, striking tools, struck or hammered tools, screwdrivers, vises, clamps,
snips, saws, and drills
2. What are the different Hand tools used in Board Ship? Explain their uses.(provide each
example a picture then definition)
1. Hand Spanner/Wrenches
• There are different types of hand spanner and wrenches available in the workshop that
could be selected depending on the type and condition of maintenance work to be
done.
• Some of the examples for hand spanner and wrenches include:
• Adjustable wrench is used as an easy tool for undetermined size of bolt and nut when
immediate tightening is required.
• Adjustable pipe wrench is suitable for fastening/loosening small sizes threaded pipes
and damage head bolt in an awkward position.
• Slogging spanner is used for loosening and tightening bolts that are big sizes by using a
hammer.
• Rather than an adjustable pipe wrench, hook spanner is used for threaded cap
connection with teeth to avoid damaging the cap.
• Offset spanners are used when working in awkward position jobs.
• Square drive wrench is specially used for square bolts or handles.
2. Pliers
• Pliers are designed mainly for gripping objects using leverage.
• Different types are available which can be also used for cutting wires, crimping of wire
connectors, removing of snap ring, and more.
• Some of the sub-types of pliers include:
• Hook Spanner
• T-Box Spanner
• Socket Wrench
• Ratchet Handle
• 6 & 12 Points Socket Wrench
• Water Pump Pliers
• Side Cutting Pliers
• Combination Pliers
• End Cutting Pliers
• Long Nose Pliers
3. Scissors/Tin Snips
• Scissors are used to cut thin materials with a slight force, while tin snips or metal shears
are tools used to cut thin sheets of metal but are able to handle thicker and hard
material.
• There are three different types of tin snips available: the straight, left handed and the
right handed tin snips.
• Basically, cutting with ease depends on the direction of cut and the tool you are going to
use.
• Straight snips are for cutting straight line, left cutting snips will cut in curve to the left
and right cutting snips will cut curve to the right
4. Portable Hydraulic Devices
• Portable hydraulic devices like the hydraulic hand pump and portable cylinders are used
for lifting heavy equipment.
• The portable cylinders are used specially for itching the cylinder liners for facilitation of
easy removal from the casing of a diesel engine.
• The hydraulic hand pump can also be used for torque tightening, manually opening and
closing of hydraulically valves in the ballast piping system and other special purposes.
• Different types of sealant and adhesives are used for maintenance purposes onboard.
• Some sealants need special applicators such as the gun applicator and others.
• The most commonly used sealant and adhesive is silicon.
• Cold chisels and pin punchers are used for cutting and driving metal pieces at work.
• Allen wrench or sometimes called “hex key” are used to drive screws with inner
hexagonal heads in different sizes.
• Hand file is used to shape materials by cutting.
• There are different shapes available such as flat, round, triangle, oval, and more.
• The file’s teeth can differ from rough, course and bastard.
5. Plasma Cutting Equipment
• Plasma Arc Cutting is a process in which an open arc can be constricted by passing
through a small nozzle, or orifice, from the electrode to the work piece.
• The gas used is typically air and it combines with an electrical current to create a high
temperature plasma arc.
• When placed in contact with an electrically conductive material, the arc passes through
the metal, melting a thin area.
• The force of the arc pushes the molten metal through the work piece and severs the
material.
• For the cutting process first a pilot arch between nozzle and cathode is ignited by means
of high tension. This low energy pilot arch will prepare the distance between plasma
burner and work piece by partial ionization.
• As soon as the pilot arch touches the work piece (flying start of cutting or piercing), the
main arch is induced by an increase in performance automatically.
6. Oxy-Acetylene Welding and Cutting Equipment
• Oxyacetylene welding, also commonly referred to as gas welding, is a process which
relies on combustion of oxygen and acetylene.
• When oxygen and acetylene are mixed together in correct proportions within a hand-
held torch or blowpipe, this will produce a hot flame with a temperature of about 3,200
Celsius.
• The chemical action of the oxyacetylene flame can be adjusted by changing the ratio of
the volume of oxygen to acetylene.
• The three distinct flame settings include: neutral, oxidizing and carburizing.
