LAB 01
MECH. TRANSMISSIONS
Dr. Olivian Ciobanu P.Eng.
Instructor
ociobanu@bcit.ca
(604) 451-6831
MECH-4440 Machine Design 2
Objectives
Individual work:
• Calculate the kinetic, potential and total mechanical energy in SI and USCS
• Calculate the power, torque and rpm for a MT
• Calculate the speed ratio and efficiency for a MT
• Calculate the holding torque of a MT
Assignment: Find it at the end of the lab.
• Friday, January 24th, 11:59 pm.
• Verify your results with the Quiz opened in the Lecture.
• Upload your PDF solution in the Drop-box opened in the Lecture.
• Remember that your solution includes a grade in the Quiz system and a file uploaded in the Drop-box.
Problem 1
The 1930 kg car in the figure had 50 km/hr at the top of a 35 degrees hill and continued to coast
downhill 50 m before the driver hits the brakes to stop the car.
1. Determine the mechanical energy of the car corresponding to the moment when the braking
started. g = 9.81 m/s2
2. Determine the velocity of the car corresponding to the moment when the braking started.
Solve in SI.
Answer:
E = 729 kJ
V = 99 km/hr
Note: The car stops when the mechanical energy of the car is entirely
converted into heat and dissipated by the brakes.
Problem 2
An electric motor is rated 5000 W when operated at 250 rpm. What is the torque at the shaft of the motor in pound-foot.
Cross units. Solve in USCS.
Answer:
E = 141 lbf.ft
Problem 3
An 1750 rpm motor is coupled to the input shaft of a MT made of a belt drive and a gearbox. The rotational speed at the
output shaft of the belt drive is 875 rpm and the speed ratio for the gearbox is known to be 2:1.
1. What is the speed ratio for the MT?
2. What is the speed at the output of the MT?
Answer:
1. 4:1
2. nout=438 rpm
Problem 4
A MT combining a gearbox reducer and a belt drive delivers a constant torque of of 5 N.m at 50 rpm. What is the power
required at the motor shaft if the efficiency of the gearbox is 90% and the efficiency of the belt drive is 93%?
Answer:
1. Hin = 31.3 W
Problem 5
The 2.8:1 gearbox in the figure below receives a torque 3000 lbf.in at the input shaft. The motor shaft turns clockwise.
Calculate the holding torque if the efficiency of the gearbox is 98% and the output shaft turns in the same direction with the
input shaft.
Solve in USCS
Answer:
1. Th = 5232 lbf.in in CW direction
Problem 7
An Amarillo Series Fan Drive Model 85 was identified by the nameplate below. Based on the parameters on the nameplate,
estimate the rpm of the fan.
Answer:
nout = 350 rpm
Problem 8
A manufactured gear reducer has the following published specifications. Calculate the efficiency and the gear ratio (speed ratio):
Answer:
1. 82%
2. 20:1
Problem 9
A gearbox must produce an output power and torque 40 kW and 600 N.m when the input shaft rotates at 1000 rpm.
Determine the following:
1. The gear ratio
2. The input power assuming 70% efficiency
Answer:
1. mG = 1.6
2. Hin = 57.1 kW
Problem 10
The wind turbine in the figure below converts the 18 rpm from the hub into 1800 rpm at the generator. The hub with
the turbine blades rotates CW The power at the generator is 1 MW. Assume the gearbox efficiency is 95%.
1. Calculate the holding torque (magnitude and direction) if the direction of rotation of the generator is CCW
2. Calculate the holding torque (magnitude and direction) if the direction of rotation of the generator is CW
Answer:
1. Th = 563.7 kN.m [CCW]
2. Th = 553.1 kN.m [CCW]
https://www.vox.com/science-and-
health/2017/1/5/14123072/innards-
270-foot-wind-turbine
Problem 11
A gearbox with parallel shafts (like in the figure below) has an input speed of 2000 rpm directly from a CCW electric motor and
an output speed of 500 rpm. The input power is 50 kW and the efficiency is 60%. The input shaft is shown to the LHS of the
gearbox in the figure below. The output shaft rotates in the same direction with the input shaft. Determine the following (point
of view Left Hand Side):
1. The input torque (magnitude and direction)
2. The output power
3. The output torque (magnitude and direction)
4. The holding torque (magnitude and direction)
Answer:
1. Tin = 238.7 N.m [CW]
2. Hout = 30 kW
3. Tout = 573 N.m [CCW]
4. Th = 334.2 N.m [[CW]
Problem 12
In flight an airplane will experience a combination of 3 degrees of freedom (Roll, Pitch and Yaw or Heading). The pilot in the
cabin reports that the propellor rotates CW. Because of the holding torque of the motor and gearbox combination the airplane
tends to roll, a tendency corrected by the pilot.
If you would be the pilot what would be the direction of rolling experienced from the cabin? CW or CCW?
Answer: CCW
More reading on the subject:
http://wiki.flightgear.org/Understanding_Propeller_Torque_and_P-Factor
Problem 13
When observed from above, American helicopter rotors
spin CCW while Russian helicopter rotors spin CW. In the
youtube video at
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NQMBpoPRf0c there
is a simulated flight where one helicopter loses its tail
rotor due to an impact with a bird (impact starts at 0:22
min). The helicopter will start to yaw because of the
unbalanced holding torque. Determine the standard (US
or Russian) used by the manufacturers of the helicopter)
Answer: US standard
More reading on the subject:
http://avstop.com/helicopters/901/index.html
Assignment 1 (Due Fri, Jan 24th)
A foot mounted industrial gearbox has an input speed of 1750-rpm and an output
speed of 500-rpm. The input power is 25-kW and the efficiency is 75%. The electric
motor is rotating CW and the output shaft of the gearbox rotates in the same direction
with the input shaft. Determine the following:
1. The gear ratio (mG, accurate to one decimal place, x.x)
2. The input torque (in N.m, accurate to integer, x)
3. The output power (in kW, accurate to one decimal place, x.x)
4. The output torque (in N.m, accurate to integer, x)
5. The holding torque magnitude (in N.m, accurate to integer, x)
6. The holding torque direction from the perspective of the blue designer (CW or
CCW)
7. The figure shows the two possible pivoting edges for the footing bolt design: the
near side NS and the far side FS. What is the side with the governing bolts (the
bolts mostly loaded in tension) for the footing connection? (NS or FS)
Note: The definition of CW or CCW rotation for an electric motor is given in the
lectures.
