Op Geronimo: Ltgennbsingh

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UPENG/2011/37063
Vol. 1 Issue. 3 MAY JUN 2011
Op Geronimo
Interview
Lt Gen N B Singh
Director General
of Information Systems
P.18
P.24
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CORRIGENDUM
Lt Gen V S Tonk, PVSM, AVSM, Deputy Chief of
Army Staff (IS&T), Indian Army, was quoted as
Lt Gen V S Tonk, Chief of Army Staff (IS&T), Indian
Army, in the March-April edition of GeoIntelligence.
The error is regretted.
Intelligence gathered from
geospatial technology helped US
forces track its most wanted man,
Osama bin Laden
Cover image courtesy
www.DigitalGlobe.com
Building the foundation for modern warfare
John Day
Director Defense Business Development,
Esri
SECTIONS
News.................................................... 6
People in News.................................. 17
Product Portfolio................................42
Events................................................ 49
Image Intelligence ............................... 50
MAY - JUN 2011 I NSI DE
18
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GUEST ARTICLE
Strengthening geospatial intelligence 30
International terrorism and unconventional
warfare are the most challenging threats
facing security forces worldwide. Te fact
that attacks can take place anywhere anytime
has necessitated the need to obtain complete
geospatial information of our territories.
Col Sunil Mishra
Director, BMS, Indian Army
ARTICLE
Te war games 38
GIS enabled tactical and war gaming
simulators are helping feld commanders in
taking smart decisions
Cdr VS Renganathan (retd) and
K Kirubanantham
INTERVIEW 34
Directorate General of Information Systems (DGIS) is responsible for transforming
Indian Army into a net-centric force. But this isnt an easy process. Lt Gen N B Singh,
Director General of Information Systems, Indian Army, tells us that despite diffculties,
DGIS is committed to its mission.
MAy jun 2011 GEOINTELLIGENCE I 5
NEWS
Command View Mobile for C4I
solution
TalesRaytheonSystems has developed
a mobile application for its Command
View C4I product that will enable users
to gain essential situational awareness
and decision-making information on
a variety of commercially available
handheld devices. "Command View
Mobile will provide some of the
identical situation information found
in the command center environment
on a portable platform," said Kim
Kerry, Chief Executive Of cer,
TalesRaytheonSystems, US Operations.
"Critical C4I information is now
securely available anywhere where
there is a wireless connectivity, so that
there is no time lost and key personnel
have the information they need, and
when they need it."According to the
company, Command View supports
joint, combined and component
operations at the strategic, operational
and tactical echelons and serves as the
integrator for all information sources. It
is scalable to meet any size requirement
and is adaptable for future growth and
evolution.
First Phalanx delivered to
Koreas Navy
Raytheon delivered the frst Phalanx
Close-In Weapon System to the Republic
of Korea Navy for batch one of the new
Ulsan-1 class FFX ship programme.
Te direct commercial sale calls for the
Phalanx Block 1B system to be installed
on the lead ship of the 2,300-ton frigate
class this year; it represents Phalanx's
introduction into the Republic of Korea
(ROK) feet. Raytheon expects to sign
a contract with South Korea for an
additional fve Phalanx systems in the
near future.
"Te Phalanx system is fully capable
of defending against all types of
air and surface threats in the naval
environment," said Rick Nelson, vice
president of Raytheon's Naval Weapons
Systems product line. "Coupled with
the reliability and availability of this
world-class system, the South Korean
feet will have the best possible ship self-
defense available." Phalanx is a rapid-fre,
Come June and the Indian Air Force (IAF) will have a new feather in its cap. Its
air warriors will now remain connected, at all times, by its exclusive wideband
CDMA-based 3G portable wireless network.
Te latest value-added services using the state-of-the-art mobile communication
technology, to be integrated with the AFNET (Air Force Network) as the
backbone connectivity, will be a secure communication network enabling
voice, data, video streaming and fle sharing, enhancing real-time operational
ef ciency.
In the beginning, under the new captive 3G mobile network, all IAF of cers
and air warriors up to the rank of Sergeant will be provided a high-end
handset. Tis will ensure connectivity of each individual with the system and
enable cross connectivity with other communication platforms like IP-based
communication within AFNET, according to IAF.
In the frst phase, the network will become operational in Delhi within six
months. Te second phase, to be completed by 2013, will bring all the Air
Force establishments across the country within the range of this network.
Te 3G network with transportable mobile base stations will also enable
communications from remote locations.
Indian Air Force (IAF)
recently inducted its
frst Medium Power
Radar (MPR). Te
MPR, Arudhra was
inducted by Chief of
the Air Staf, Air Chief
Marshal PV Naik, in
Gujarat during the South
Western Air Commands
Commanders
Conference.
Te radar is expected to
strengthen air defence
in the Surashtara Kutch region and will form an important component in the
IAFs plan to achieve network centric operations.
3G connectivity for IAF
air warriors
IAF inducts Medium
Power Radar
6 I GEOINTELLIGENCE MAy jun 2011
Vice Chief of Air Staf Air Marshal
NAK Browne will be the next Chief of
Air Staf, Indian Air Force (IAF). Air
Chief Marshal PV Naik will retire from
service on July 31, 2011.
Born in Allahabad, India, on December
15, 1951, Air Marshal NAK Browne was
commissioned into the fghter stream of
IAF on June 24, 1972. He has about
3100 hours of fying to his credit, which
includes fying Hunters, all variants of
MiG-21s, Jaguars and SU-30s.
During his 38 years with the force,
he has held various operational and
staf appointments that include joint
director at air war strategy cell at Air
Headquarters, chief operations of cer
and air of cer commanding of a SU-30
computer-controlled radar and 20 mm
gun system that automatically acquires,
tracks and destroys enemy threats
that have penetrated all other ship
defense systems. More than 890 systems
have been built and deployed in the
navies of 25 nations. Te Republic of
Korea's new FFX ship class will replace
the current Ulsan and other smaller
frigates. Ulsan-1 is designed for
anti-ship, anti-submarine and
anti-aircraft warfare.
India launches GSAT-8
India has successfully launched its
advanced communication satellite
GSAT-8 into its geosynchronous transfer
orbit. Te satellite was launched by
Arianespace's launch vehicle Ariane-5
from Kourou in French Guyana.GSAT-8
weighs nearly 3,100 Kg, and is confgured
to carry 24 high-power transponders
and a two channel GPS-aided GEO
Augmented Navigation (GAGAN)
payload. Te satellite would be positioned
at 55 degree E longitude and co-located
with INSAT 3E satellite. Its in-orbit
mission life is expected to be around
12 years.
Air Marshal NAK Browne to be
the next Air Chief
base, Air-I at New Delhi based Western
Air Command (WAC) and assistant
chief of the air staf (intelligence) at Air
Headquarters.
He has also been responsible for
establishing the Indian Defence Wing in
Tel Aviv, Israel in April 1997 where he
served as the defence attache till
July 2000.
Before taking over as the Vice Chief of
the Air Staf (VCAS), he was the AOC-
in-C of Western Air Command. Under
his command and personal supervision,
the frst ever landing of an AN-32 (fxed
wing aircraft) took place at Nyoma,
advance Landing Ground (ALG), located
at an altitude of 13,300 feet.
Mistral to offer SDR solutions
Mistral Solutions Pvt. Ltd. has entered
into a partnership with PrismTech.
As per the contract, Mistral will now
ofer the Spectra range of software
products and services in India. Spectra
is targeted at various Software Defned
Radio (SDR) researchers and developers
such as DRDO labs, radio OEMS and
system integrators. As per company,
PrismTechs and Mistrals products are
highly complementary, for example, the
Spectra DTP4500 development and test
platform, is built on Mistrals OMAP
35x EVM.
Te Spectra product suite ofers both
developer productivity tools and
deployment middleware. Spectra CX
helps developers model, build and deploy
Software Communications Architecture
(SCA)-compliant SDR waveforms in
a fast, productive manner, said the
company. Te product suite also includes
highly optimised, SCA-compliant, radio
platform middleware (Spectra CF and
Spectra CDB) and can thus facilitate
rapid development of high-performance,
small form-factor radio platforms.
Nova Integrated Systems
delivers POP 200 system
NOVA Integrated Systems Limited
recently delivered a plug-in electro-
optic and radar integration payload to
its technical partner, IAI TAMAM.
Te frst production unit of the electro-
optic stabilised POP 200TM system is
integrated, calibrated and tested in India
by NOVA, in technical collaboration
with IAI-TAMAM.
POP200 is a compact, modular,
lightweight electro-optic system,
designed for a variety of surveillance
and observation roles and has a sensor
bay that can be confgured for specifc
missions with specially designed sensors,
Slices. It incorporates high resolution
FLIR and high magnifcation colour
CCD, laser rangefnder, target marker etc,
ofering an enhanced image processing,
correlative automatic target tracking and
target acquisition capability.
According to the company, its modular
design enables easy in-the-feld
reconfguration and provides the user
with real-time operational fexibility.
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Northrop to supply bridge and
navigation suite
Northrop Grumman
Corporation's Sperry Marine
business unit has signed a full
production contract for the
Integrated Navigation Bridge
System (INBS) for the UK
Ministry of Defence's (MoD)
Queen Elizabeth Class (QEC)
Aircraft Carrier Programme. Te
company also signed a design
phase contract for the Navigation
Lights, Shapes and Sounds
(NLSS). Terms of the contracts
were not disclosed.
Northrop Grumman Sperry
Marine will build and deliver the complete INBS, including electronic chart display and information system
(ECDIS-N (U.K.)) for the new aircraft carriers. Te system will include navigation planning, electronic charts and
radar displays, as well as a comprehensive set of sensors and software. Te contract also provides for equipment
integration and testing. Deliveries are scheduled to be completed in 2018. Northrop Grumman Sperry Marine has
already completed the initial design phase of the contract, including change requests, and is currently designing a
Navigation Light System under an option in the production contract.
Te INBS/ECDIS-N (U.K.) is based on Sperry Marine's advanced VisionMaster FT ship navigation technology and
will integrate all of the ship's navigation sensors and systems into a modern, ef cient, ergonomic network of multi-
function workstations to meet operational requirements.
UK gets upgraded JAMES
Developed by Lockheed Martin,
an upgraded logistics information
management software system will
provide the UK Armed Forces with
signifcant improvements in the
management of its tanks, trucks and all
other ground equipment.
Te web-based software system, Joint
Asset Management and Engineering
Solutions (JAMES) programme
enables users to track and monitor
the performance of millions of assets,
military vehicles and other equipment,
used by the British Army, the Royal
Navy and Royal Air Force.
Te enhancements, a major
improvement to the previous system
that was installed in 2005, provide
more functionality and ease of use,
resulting in better assessments of vehicle
availability, location,
condition and confguration, according
to the company. JAMES will help
the UK Armed Forces prepare for
deployments more quickly and
ef ciently and will increase operational
efectiveness.
Te new version of JAMES provides a
mobile capability to allow warfghters to
use the system anywhere with connected
or disconnected communications. It also
extends the capability into the MODs
maintenance and repair workshops.
Also, JAMES can now manage up to
fve million assets, ranging from main
line items to smaller component parts,
compared to 120,000 previously.
Enhanced intelligence
sharing
Goodrich Corporation recently
delivered technology to the United
Kingdom (UK) Ministry of Defence
to improve the sharing of geospatial
intelligence between UK and coalition
forces. Under 'Project Attacker',
Goodrich's Intelligence Surveillance and
Reconnaissance (ISR) Systems business
is providing ISR data management
systems to UK deployed forces. Tese
systems provide the armed forces with a
much improved capability to share ISR
data across the theatre of operations.
"Te aim of 'Attacker' is to allow UK
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forces to share the vast amount of
information collected by their ISR
sensor systems.
Te Goodrich intelligence reference
library and MERLIN imagery
exploitation systems enable rapid
near real-time review and exploitation
of ISR data to provide timely and
actionable intelligence direct to
commanders on the ground
where and when it is required,"
said Sam Macleod, Managing
Director of Goodrich ISR Systems,
Malvern.
According to the company, Goodrich
ISR systems are designed to be fully
compliant with NATO standards and
are based on open systems architectures
to allow ease of integration with a
wide variety of existing and ISR and
Command & Control (C2) systems.
Finmeccanica, Cobham &
Lockheed Martin join hands
Cobham, Lockheed Martin and
Finmeccanica (through its UK
company SELEX Systems Integration)
have signed an agreement to form
Fusion Air Traf c Management, which
will address Project MARSHALL
- formerly known as the Joint
Military Air Traf c Services (JMATS)
programme.
MARSHALL is a major Air Traf c
Services project for the Ministry of
Defence (MOD). It will provide
long-term air traf c management
capability for the safe operation of all
the MODs main bases, airfelds and air
weapon ranges in the UK and overseas,
including those used for deployed
operations. MARSHALL is also
expected to deliver signifcant savings
to the MOD over the 22-year lifetime
of the programme through improved
ef ciencies, economies of scale and
innovation.
USD 45.3M contract to
upgrade MLRS launchers
Lockheed Martin has bagged USD
45.3 million contract to upgrade 22
Finnish Army M270 Multiple Launch
Radar upgrades for Swedish navy
patrol boats
Northrop Grumman Corporation's Sperry Marine business unit has won a
contract to upgrade the navigation radars on fve Swedish Navy patrol boats.
Under the contract, Northrop Grumman Sperry Marine will retroft each ship
with two dual-band interswitched chart radar systems with navalised display
features. Te systems are based on Sperry Marine's advanced VisionMaster
FT navigation technology with WideView multifunction displays. Te
initial contract includes fve ships with options for six additional ships, plus a
spare system, spare parts, service and maintenance. CA Clase Marinelektronik
AB, Sperry Marine's sales and service representative in Sweden, will be
responsible for installing, commissioning, testing and technical support for
the project.
Built at the Djupvik Shipyard in Sweden, the 23-meter aluminum-hull patrol
boats were designed for anti-submarine warfare and maritime control.
Tey also perform reconnaissance above and below the water surface, mine
piloting, maritime surveillance, search and rescue, and can be deployed for
up to fve days.
Rocket System (MLRS) launchers,
incorporating the universal fre control
system and other enhancements. Te
upgrade enables the launchers to fre
precision GPS-guided munitions for the
frst time, the company said.
Te agreement takes advantage of
current full-rate component production
for US MLRS contracts. Tis is
Lockheed Martins third international
M270 launcher upgrade contract. Te
contract also includes training and
component support. Te launcher and
its munitions are designed to enable
troops to engage and defeat artillery,
air defence concentrations, trucks, light
armour and personnel carriers, as well
as support troop and supply lines. Te
enhanced MLRS M270 launcher can
move away from the area at high speed
following missile launch and can be
transported to and from conficts using
NATO cargo aircraft. Similar units have
been in operation with the US Army
since 2002.
Final C4ISR mission system
pallet delivered
Lockheed Martin has delivered the
ninth and fnal Command, Control,
Communications, Computers,
Intelligence, Surveillance and
Reconnaissance (C4ISR) mission system
pallet for the US Coast Guards Medium
Range Surveillance (MRS) aircraft.
Tis marks the completion of USD 41
million contract awarded in November
2008 for the mission system pallets.
According to the company, the C4ISR
mission system pallets have roll-on/roll-
of capability that gives the MRS feet
the fexibility to accomplish multiple
missions. Te pallet provides the aircraft
with the real-time situational awareness,
improved surveillance, mission data
recording and enhanced secure data
encryption capabilities needed for search
and rescue, drug interdiction and other
national security missions. By removing
the pallet, the aircraft have the cargo
capacity necessary for humanitarian
relief and evacuation missions.
Te C4ISR mission system pallets
commonality enables the MRS aircraft
to share information with other Coast
Guard air, sea and shore assets, said the
company. Its interoperability allows
the aircraft to communicate with other
government agencies and organisations.
Navigation systems for
Canadian Coast Guard
Northrop Grumman Corporation
has been selected to supply bridge
navigation systems for nine new mid-
shore patrol vessels to be built for the
Canadian Coast Guard.
Te contract, valued at USD 3 million,
was awarded to Northrop Grumman's
Sperry Marine business unit in Canada
through its dealer, Techsol Inc., based
in Quebec City. Techsol will provide
technical support and system integration
for the installations. Six of the initial
nine ships have been delivered, with the
remaining deliveries scheduled for June
2011. Te contract includes options for
up to three additional ships.
Te scope of supply for the new
ships includes Sperry Marine radars,
autopilot, gyrocompass, magnetic
compass, speed log, repeaters and
a communications suite meeting
the international Global Maritime
Distress and Safety System (GMDSS)
requirements.
New technology for SAFER
Raytheon BBN Technologies, a
wholly owned subsidiary of Raytheon
Company, has been awarded USD 1.9
million in defence research funding to
develop safeguards for military Internet
communications abroad.
Te award, issued by the Defense
Advanced Research Projects Agency,
is in support of the Safer Warfghter
Communications program, or
Lockheed Martin and Atmos Sistemas
sign agreement
Lockheed Martin and Atmos Sistemas Ltda. have signed a teaming
agreement to pursue the Brazilian Air Forces future Tree-Dimensional
(3-D) Long-Range Radar procurement programme, which seeks to
upgrade and enhance air space control over the country.
Te Brazilian Air Force has said it plans to modernise a network of
more than 60 sensors, including ground-based long-range radars, which
maintain security and air safety over the country.
Six Lockheed Martin TPS-77 3-D solid-state transportable radar systems
known locally as the TPS-B34 and installed between 2001 and 2005
are already in use with the Air Force. In 2008 and 2010, the Brazilian
government awarded Lockheed Martin contracts to maintain the radars.
Lockheed Martin contracted with Atmos Sistemas to provide logistics and
other functions.
TPS-77 is the latest confguration of the companys most successful
3-D solid-state radar. Te systems provide continuous high-quality
surveillance of airborne targets out to 250 nautical miles.
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Northrop Grumman Corporation completed the first of
three fuselages for the Broad Area Maritime Surveillance
Unmanned Aircraft System (BAMS UAS) System
Development and Demonstration (SDD) programme. The
MQ-4C fuselage will undergo final assembly and system
checkout at the company's Palmdale, California, facility
ahead of its first flight next year.
BAMS UAS is a versatile maritime intelligence, surveillance
and reconnaissance system to support a variety of missions
while operating independently or in direct collaboration with
fleet assets. When operational, BAMS will play a key role in
providing commanders with a persistent, reliable picture of
surface threats, covering vast areas of open ocean and littoral
regions, significantly augmenting the use of other manned
assets to execute surveillance and reconnaissance tasks.
The BAMS UAS programme is managed by the Navy's
Program Executive Office, Unmanned Aviation and Strike
Weapons' Persistent Maritime Unmanned Aircraft Systems
Program Office (PMA-262).
Fuselage developed for
BAMS UAS programme
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SAFER. Te goal of SAFER is to
develop technology that enables
protected, resilient Internet
communications for warfghters
deployed overseas.
Raytheon BBN Technologies proposes
a solution that incorporates several
innovative approaches, including
novel routing and packet delivery
techniques and new methods to increase
security.
"Raytheon BBN Technologies is focused
on developing capabilities that will thwart
intense Internet traf c monitoring and
protect our warfghters' communications
while abroad," said Josh Karlin, project
lead, Raytheon BBN Technologies. "Our
new technology for SAFER will support
applications such as instant messaging,
electronic mail, social networking,
streaming video, Voice over Internet
Protocol, video conferencing, and other
media."
Harris combines commercial
and government FMV
initiatives
Harris Corporation has combined
its commercial and government full
motion video initiatives into a single
organisation focussed entirely on
supporting the intelligence, surveillance
and reconnaissance (ISR) market for
full motion video (FMV) products
and systems. Te Harris full motion
video team will focus on government
customers' needs, promote the rapid
development of more advanced
ISR capabilities, and accelerate the
deployment of these solutions to assist
analysts in the feld to manage the
massive amounts of sensor intelligence
data being collected.
Te new Harris FMV organisation
will support all US government,
international military and federal law
enforcement activities for the Harris
Full Motion Video Asset Management
Engine (FAME) architecture and related
technologies and capabilities from
across Harris. FAME is a collaborative
platform that provides video, audio and
metadata coding, video analytics, and
archive capabilities - all within a unifed
digital asset management solution. "We
are leveraging Harris' strength and
footprint in the geospatial and broadcast
markets to further expand our FMV
portfolio, allowing us to push forward
COTS solutions faster in to the feld,
said Sheldon Fox, group president,
Harris Government Communications
Systems.
Orbit Logic signs agreement
with NGA
Orbit Logic Incorporated has signed a
Cooperative Research and Development
Agreement (CRADA) with National
Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA).
Under CRADA, Orbit Logic will work
Delivery of TSS follow-on production
units begins
Lockheed Martin recently began early delivery of Target Sight System
(TSS) follow-on production units for the US Marine Corps AH-1Z
Cobra attack helicopter. Te TSS units feature upgraded software to
provide additional targeting capabilities.
TSS is the multi-sensor fre control system for the AH-1Z, integrating
state-of-the-art sensors to provide pilots with enhanced capabilities to
acquire, track and designate targets. Te highly stabilised sensor suite
includes a laser designator, colour video display and a third-generation,
mid-wave, forward-looking infrared sensor with advanced image
processing.
Te integration of the TSS with the AH-1Z Cobra fre control system
gives pilots the capability to detect and identify targets before they fy
into the range of the threat, ensuring increased standof range and precise
target engagements in every climate and location.
Lockheed Martin delivered the frst follow-on production unit two
months ahead of schedule. Early integration of upgraded system software
provides enhancements based on fight test results and user feedback.
Additional targeting capabilities include a new target sizing function, refned geo-location accuracy
and superior weapon alignment. Te Cobra attack helicopter achieved initial operating capability in
February 2011.
Te Naval Surface Warfare Center awarded the initial TSS production contract in March 2008 and a
follow-on production contract in June 2010.
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with NGA to fnd ways to enhance
and apply its COTS planning software
to advance NGAs mission. According
to Orbit Logic, its COTS collection
planning software will be installed
at NGA facilities and confgured to
support multi-satellite collaborative
planning. NGA will provide evaluations
and feedback on the use of this
software and its integration into the
NGA process fow. Orbit Logic will
also be providing demonstrations and
workshops on its collection planning
software and its Collection Feasibility
Tool and UAV Planner software
products to NGA employees and
contractors under the CRADA contract.
Harris expands its geospatial
facility
Harris Corporation has unveiled its
expanded St. Louis facility, which
supports programmes for the National
Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA)
and other federal agencies in the area.
Te of ce, located in the historic Blanke
Building at 1310 Papin Street, now has
double the space previously available
for production of high-resolution,
imagery-derived geospatial data. Harris
provides imagery processing, feature
data extraction, mapping and charting,
and production management for the
NGA's Global Geospatial-Intelligence
(GGI) programme. Tese intelligence
products are provided by the NGA
to policy makers, military decision
makers and warfghters. Te products
also can be tailored to support civilian
federal agencies and select international
organisations.Te Harris facility in
St. Louis provides independent
quality assurance services of geospatial
data created by Harris in its
Melbourne, Florida production centers.
Te expanded space will provide
additional capacity for geospatial
production, data maintenance and
product on demand.
BAE completes acquisition
of Fairchild Imaging
BAE Systems has completed the
acquisition of the outstanding equity
of privately owned Fairchild Imaging,
Inc. Te proposed acquisition was
announced January 21, 2011.
Fairchild Imaging designs and
manufactures solid-state electronic
imaging components, cameras, and
systems. Tese components have
potential uses across diverse aerospace,
industrial, medical, and scientifc
imaging applications, including night
vision systems, thermal imagers, aerial
mapping, and missile seekers.
Fairchild Imaging employs
approximately 160 people at its
facility in Milpitas, California. Tese
operations will now become part of
the BAE Systems Electronic Solutions
sector headquartered in Nashua, New
Hampshire.
New capabilities added to
GEOINT software
BAE Systems has added new capabilities
to its geospatial-intelligence (GEOINT)
software, providing enhancements
that allow customers to import high-
resolution imagery from scanned flm
and digital airborne sensors. According
to the company, its SOCET GXP
software automates image processing to
make analysts more responsive in the
operational environment.
Te Frame-Advanced sensor model
is used in the geospatial production
process from frame import through
image registration to creating fnished
products, said Stewart Walker,
Director of product initiatives for the
Geospatial eXploitation Products
business. Analysts can more ef ciently
and accurately create photogrammetric
products, such as topographic map data
and high-resolution digital surface and
elevation models.
Te SOCET GXP v3.2 software
release also adds automated tools for
viewing and editing live video feeds,
and ef cient tools for converting
terrain analysis results from raster
to vector fle format. Furthermore,
hyperspectral and multispectral image
processing is extended with the capacity
to analyse additional bands of image
data, which minimises the dependency
Raytheon to supply advanced
imaging sensors
Raytheon Company has been awarded USD 50 million contract to deliver 50
AAS-44C(V) multi-spectral targeting systems for use on the US Navy's MH-
60R and MH-60S helicopters.
Tis airborne forward looking infrared targeting system provides video
imagery that helps soldiers, intelligence analysts and commanders in the feld
make critical operating decisions. Deliveries are expected to begin in 2011
and end in 2012. A variant of Raytheon's
Multi-Spectral Targeting System deployed with US rapid response
forces, the AAS-44C(V) employs a full-motion video camera for long-range
surveillance and high-altitude acquisition, tracking and laser designation
from a manned or unmanned aircraft.
Raytheon developed the system for use on the U.S. Navy's MH-60R and
MH-60S rotary-wing platforms. Te company also supplies it to military
forces throughout the world. Currently, it is pursuing foreign military sales
of its MTS family of sensor solutions with the naval forces of Australia and
India. Te MTS sensor family recently marked more than 1 million hours of
operational fight time.
on specialised software packages.
Using these tools, analysts can more
precisely identify ground features such
as distinguishing between camoufaged
fatigues and trees.
SOCET GXP is a geospatial-intelligence
software package that uses imagery from
satellite and aerial sources to identify
and analyze ground features quickly,
allowing for rapid product creation. Te
software is used to document geographic
attributes in images and live video
feeds and establish patterns of activity
over time, which broadens analytical
expertise. SOCET GXP v3.2 is available
on Microsoft Windows XP, Vista,
7 and Solaris 10 x 86 operating
systems.
Work begins on Defense
Weather Satellite System
Northrop Grumman Corporation has
received authorisation and funding to
proceed on a Department of Defense
weather satellite system projected for
launch in 2018. Te Defense Weather
Cassidian to develop solutions for ships
Cassidian will develop solutions to protect ships of the Canadian Navy against
new types of asymmetric threats. Under the designation LOCATES (Laser
optical countermeasures and surveillance against threat environment scenarios),
the Defence Research Development Canada (DRDC), Valcartier, Qubec,
awarded contract to Cassidian to apply new technologies to detect and counter
laser-based threats in harbours and littoral waters.
Te programme is meant to counter the increasing threats by laser designators
and laser-guided weapons which are widely distributed and easy to operate.
Navy ships are particularly vulnerable in a littoral environment where attacks are
dif cult to be detected without suf cient pre-warning time. LOCATES aims at
the development of a detection and tracking capability together with a reliable
laser countermeasure system. A prototype system shall be developed and feld
tested by 2013.
Satellite System (DWSS) will leverage
the accomplishments and momentum of
the National Polar-orbiting Operational
Environmental Satellite System
(NPOESS) programme.
DWSS will provide enhanced weather
information critical to battlefeld
operations, and deliver it more quickly
to the warfghter than current systems,
said the company.
DWSS is a critical successor
to the Defense Meteorological
Satellite Program (DMSP), which
has been delivering weather
data for military use since the
mid-1960s. Timely completion
of DWSS is essential to maintain
continuity with the current DMSP
satellites and establish a backup in
the event of a launch or satellite
failure on orbit for the remaining
two DMSP satellites. Time-sensitive
weather data delivered promptly
is critical to military operations
planning and warfghter and weapons
deployment.
DWSS is required to provide reliable,
high-fdelity, near real time information
about weather and environmental
conditions around the world to
inform aviation, naval and coastal
marine operations and land assets.
DWSS will also provide information
needed to protect space-based assets
from solar and other space weather
conditions.
New micro gyro technology
for DARPA
Northrop Grumman Corporation,
in partnership with the Georgia
Institute of Technology, has been
selected to develop a new type of
Microelectromechanical Systems
(MEMS) gyroscope technology for the
Defense Advanced Research Projects
Agency's (DARPA) Microscale Rate
Integrating Gyroscope programme.
Te MEMS technology developed by
the two during the initial 12-month
award period will form the basis for
a micro resonator gyro capable of
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Astrium launches
SCOTPatrol
Astrium has launched its next generation naval terminal SCOTPatrol
designed to extend satcom capabilities to smaller ships such as Ofshore Patrol
Vessels (OPVs).
With the capability to transmit large volumes of data over Ku, Ka and X
bands, SCOTPatrol can act as a beyond-line-of-sight (BLOS) relay for
video, multispectral and radar imagery, from intelligence, surveillance and
reconnaissance (ISR) assets such as helicopter UAVs.
According to the company, SCOTPatrol is precision manufactured from
carbon fbre which gives it a reduced magnetic footprint, exceptional strength
to withstand shock, vibration and harsh operating environments, while
making it the lightest ever naval satcom terminal of its type. Te reduced
top-weight, together with a compact footprint above and below decks makes
for easier integration on smaller vessels such as OPVs. In addition, through-
life performance benefts can be derived from easier logistics and materials
handling, and less stress on mechanical components such as motors and
bearings.
SCOTPatrol benefts from an
advanced 3-axis stabilised
platform designed to
reject ship motion
from harsh sea
conditions, so
that the antenna
always remains
accurately
pointed at the
satellite without
the keyhole
efect of 2-axis
systems.
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achieving navigation grade performance.
Utilising a new MEMS fabrication
process, the team will produce a proof-
of-concept micro gyro that can perform
as well as current silicon MEMS devices
in a smaller size, lighter weight and
lower power package.
Talking about the programme,
Charles Volk, vice president and
chief technology of cer of Northrop
Grumman's navigation systems
division, said, "It will enable us to
move navigation technology forward
by creating miniature gyros which can
be utilised on a variety of applications,
from unmanned vehicles to hand-held
devices."
DARPA's Microscale Rate Integrating
Gyroscope programme seeks to develop
miniature navigation grade gyros for
use in personal navigation, unmanned
vehicle navigation, GPS denied/
challenged locations, and other size
and power constrained applications
requiring precision navigation.
New underwater ISR centre
General Dynamics Canada recently
announced the creation of a new
Underwater Intelligence, Surveillance and
Reconnaissance (UW ISR) Centre
of Excellence. According to the company,
the centre is designed to accelerate
the companys research and product
development eforts as naval feets around
the world look to reestablish this critical
capability in the face of new threats.
Located in Halifax, Nova Scotia, close to
key Canadian military naval and air bases,
the General Dynamics UW ISR Centre
of Excellence will leverage the companys
strong collaborative relationship with
Defence Research and Development
Canada Atlantic (DRDC Atlantic), said
the company.
Te Centre, which will be integrated into
the companys 46,000 square foot facility
in Halifax, will be stafed by an integrated
team of hardware and software engineers
and experts in underwater acoustics and
naval sonar operations. Te teams initial
focus will be further development of the
companys fagship acoustic products
SBIRS GEO-1 spacecraft
reaches orbit
Te frst Lockheed Martin-built Space Based Infrared System
(SBIRS) geosynchronous (GEO-1) spacecraft has successfully
reached its intended orbit and is performing as required following
its successful May 7 launch from Cape Canaveral Air Force
Station, Florida.
According to company, SBIRS GEO-1 is one of the most
technologically advanced military infrared satellite ever developed
and is meant to enhance early warning of missile launches around
the globe, support the nation's ballistic missile defence system,
greatly expand technical intelligence gathering capability, and
bolster situational awareness for warfghters on the battlefeld.
Te spacecraft includes highly sophisticated scanning and staring
sensors that will deliver improved infrared sensitivity and a
reduction in area revisit times over the current constellation,
the company adds. Te scanning sensor will provide a wide area
surveillance of missile launches and natural phenomena across the
earth, while the staring sensor will be used to observe smaller areas
of interest with superior sensitivity.
Te SBIRS team is led by the Infrared Space Systems Directorate
at the US Air Force Space and Missile Systems Center. Lockheed
Martin is the SBIRS prime contractor, with Northrop Grumman
as the payload integrator. Air Force Space Command operates the
SBIRS system.
- MATADOR Torpedo Detection System
and the TrailBlazer Mine and Obstacle
Avoidance Sonar.
General Dynamics bags
USD 83.6M contract
General Dynamics Information
Technology (GDIT) has received a
fve-year contract for USD 83.6 million
to provide information technology
(IT) enterprise network services to
the US Special Operations Command
(USSOCOM). Te contract has a ceiling
value of USD 125 million.
Trough the contract, General
Dynamics will provide enterprise-wide
network support services to manage
USSOCOMs global enterprise IT
infrastructure which includes data, voice
and video communications networks
for USSOCOM headquarters, the
service component commands, the
Teater Special Operation commands
and subordinate organisations. Work
performed will consist mostly of systems
and network engineering, operations and
maintenance and technology refreshes.
Te company will also operate the Global
Network Control Center on behalf of
USSOCOM.
Te company will support 75,000
users with approximately 120,000 user
accounts, on multiple networks, all
while providing multi-level security for
information assurance. Te majority of
the work will occur at MacDill Air Force
Base, Florida, and Fort Bragg, N.C.,
with a large contingent of staf deployed
overseas to provide in-garrison and in
theater operator support.
R&D centre inaugurated in
Brazil
Saab recently of cially inaugurated the
Swedish Brazilian centre of research and
innovation at So Bernardo de Campo,
Brazil. Te of cial name of the centre is
Centro de Inovao e Pesquisa Sueco-
Brasileiro (CISB).
Te concept of the centre is to gather
main stakeholders from the public,
academia and industry to tackle key
societal challenges with technology. So far
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the centre has attracted over 40 partners.
Te partners and organisations involved
will be members of the CISB association
who will be active partners in the specifc
projects.
Te areas of focus for the R&D centre
will be defence and security, transport
and logistics and urban development with
a focus on energy and the environment.
Te centre will create small teams of
project experts to address diferent R&D
challenges of their shareholders.
L-3 STRATIS awarded Special
Operations Contract
L-3 Communications recently announced
that its STRATIS division has been
awarded a one year USD 84.9 million
frm-fxed price, indefnite-delivery/
indefnite-quantity (ID/IQ) contract
under the US Special Operations Forces
Information Technology Enterprise
Contract (SITEC) Distributed
Computing Management Services
(DCMS) programme. Te contract has
a four-year period of performance with
a maximum value of USD 400 million,
if all option periods are exercised and
incentive fees are earned.
Under it, L-3 STRATIS will support
USSOCOM and the DCMS programme
by sustaining and maintaining its
distributed global enterprise information
technology computing environment.
New VP of Intelligence
Systems Division
Northrop
Grumman
Corporation
has named
David Ryan
vice president
and general
manager of its
Intelligence
Systems
Division, one of five divisions within
the company's Information Systems
sector.
Ryan has operational, business
development and strategic leadership
experience within the defence, space
and intelligence communities. In
this new role, his group will provide
enterprise and mission solutions
in areas like integrated intelligence
systems, geospatial intelligence,
and intelligence, surveillance, and
reconnaissance processing.
Ryan joined the company in 2005,
serving in senior management
roles across the company's space,
defence and intelligence businesses,
including as vice president of
programmes and general manager
of the Civil Systems Division in the
company's space business.
Raytheon appoints VP
of Mission Operations
Solutions
Ron Stefano has been named vice
president of mission operations
solutions (MOS) for Raytheon's
intelligence and information systems
business, with headquarters in
Garland, Texas.
Stefano will be responsible for
MOS programme and financial
performance, new business
development and strategic planning.
MOS provides integrated mission
support and systems engineering
for civil, intelligence and defence
agencies in the US and abroad.
PEOPLE I N NEWS
For the past five years, Stefano
led the Enterprise IT solutions
business area for Lockheed Martin
Information Systems and Global
Solutions.
Stefano began his career in 1977
as a software engineer for the
US Air Force, and then joined
McDonnell Douglas as a software
systems engineer. He completed
his bachelors degree in computer
science from Hawaii Pacific
University.
Boeing names
new president for
Middle East
Jeffrey Johnson is the new
president of Boeing Middle East.
Johnson succeeds Paul Kinscherff,
who has been appointed chief
financial officer for international
finance.
Johnson will be based in Dubai,
United Arab Emirates (UAE) and
will be responsible for the companys
growth and productivity plans across
the Middle East region, working
closely with Boeing Saudi Arabia
president Ahmed Jazzar.
He will report to Shep Hill,
president of Boeing International
and senior vice president of business
development and strategy.
Prior to this appointment, Johnson
was a senior director of business
development for Boeing Defense,
Space & Security (BDS). Before
that, he served as the Middle East
and Africa business development
director for BDS.
Johnson joined Boeing in
1982 and has managed
programmes in more than 40
countries so far. He has also worked
in design engineering, electronics
design and manufacturing,
system engineering, programme
management and flight test
engineering.
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Can you describe the role of Directorate
General of Information Systems?
Directorate General of Information Systems (DGIS) is
responsible to facilitate the transformation of Indian
Army towards net centricity by developing various
Operational Information Systems (OIS) along with
associated Geographical Information System (GIS) as
well as automation of Management Information
Systems (MIS).
Lt Gen N B Singh
Director General of
Information Systems
Directorate General of
Information Systems,
India
I NTERVI EW
Directorate General of Information Systems
(DGIS) is responsible for transforming Indian
Army into a net-centric force. But this isnt an
easy process given the kind of challenges that
our territory faces and the nature of operations
that Army is involved with. Lt Gen N B Singh,
Director General of Information Systems,
India, tells us that despite diffculties, DGIS is
committed to its mission.
delay and how long will it take before the Force
achieves 100 per cent network enabled status?
Net centricity for the Indian Army is much more complex
than establishing commercial internet connectivity. Te
media connectivity, applications, security infrastructure,
exchange protocols are complexities that require dedicated
solutions.
In a large army such as ours, induction of new equipment
and technologies has to be spread over time. Systems being
developed need to be validated under feld conditions,
changes made based on the test results, necessary
certifcations need to be taken and the revised system needs
to be retested before the process of induction starts.
As regards the timelines for achieving full network
enabled status is concerned, I am of the opinion that it is
a continuous process and will take some time. Even the
advanced armies of Western and European countries are yet
to achieve full net centricity. But I would like to add that as
far as certain applications and services are concerned, Indian
Army enjoys network connections down to unit level. Te
army intranet is one such example.
Net centricity for the Indian
Army is much more complex
than establishing commercial
internet connectivity
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What all projects have been taken up by
DGIS since its inception and how are they
progressing?
Te various projects that are in diferent phases of
development and felding include the Army Strategic
Operational Information Dissemination System
(ASTROIDS) for providing OIS at Army HQ, Command
HQs and Corps HQs level. At the operational and tactical
level, the Tactical Command, Control, Communication
and Information Systems (Tac C3I) is being developed to
provide net centricity; and at the cutting edge of operations,
Battlefeld Management System (BMS) for units and below
level is planned. Since its inception, the directorate has
been able to successfully feld Artillery Combat Command
& Control System (ACCCS) as part of Tac C3I Sys in the
Indian Army. Command Information and Decision Support
System (CIDSS) is the hub of Tac C3I Sys and has been
successfully felded in the test bed and is now progressing
forward for pan Army felding. Similarly, Battlefeld
Surveillance System (BSS) has been validated in the test
bed by users and is now on its way to be felded across the
Indian Army. Air Defence Control & Reporting System (AD
C&RS) is another system under development and will be
felded in the test bed soon.
Since GIS plays a crucial role in all operational systems,
we are also closely involved in the preparation of geospatial
data, standards and protocols to ensure seamless geospatial
interoperability amongst various command and control
systems.
In the feld of Management Information Systems, certain
applications have been developed for personnel and
equipment management.
Progress on most of the projects is perceived
to be rather slow. What are the reasons for the
A related aspect is the dissemination of vector maps.
Formulating a suitable Spatial Data Model Structure and
putting it in a format that can retain the symbology across
diferent systems is one area we are focusing. We are looking
at various options to address this issue. Another area we
are looking at is the scale of maps. Te existing scales of
1:50k are too small for the level of details required in the
automated systems. We are in the process of identifying
the requirements and some pilot projects are underway to
evaluate the ef cacy of large scale maps.
GIS is yet to be elded in the Indian Army.
Request for Information (RFI) for an Enterprise
GIS was oated more than a year ago. When
can we expect the RFP?
It needs to be understood that a Request for Information
is only to gather information about a prospective project
and the RFI in no way binds the user from issuing the
RFP. Having said that, let me clarify that dissemination
of geospatial data to the users in the Indian Army stays a
priority for us. Whether it is in the form of an Enterprise
GIS or Defense Spatial Data Infrastructure (DSDI), is
As you mentioned, GIS plays a crucial role in all
operational systems. What is being done in the
eld of GIS by your Directorate?
GIS continues to be the hub of all OIS since all information
in the operational domain has a spatial component. GIS
issues continue to remain the major challenge in the
development of command and control systems. When we
look at GIS, we are mainly concerned with GIS application
and geospatial data. At the application level, in the long
run, we are looking at integrating GIS functionality in the
main Command & Control application itself. To ensure
interoperability, we are looking at various options including
development of suitable protocols and formats for exchange
of user created vector data. Development of a Common
Military Symbology standard is also an area we are currently
working on. As regards geospatial data is concerned, we
are addressing the challenges in using digital topographic
data. Te systems being developed require GIS ready map
data that can be exploited by using various analytical tools.
Converting the existing digital maps, prepared for a printed
output, into GIS ready data is an enormous challenge.
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another question. Te responses
to the RFI and subsequent
deliberations do highlight the
fact that while technology for
dissemination of geospatial
data is readily available, the
real challenge lies in populating
the geospatial databases. An
enterprise GIS will be of little
use if only a small subset of
geospatial data required by the
users can be hosted over it.
While the RFP is being
prepared, simultaneous eforts
are on to create the requisite
GIS ready data that will be
hosted on such a system.
Since the systems
were conceived and
developed in standalone
modes, the biggest
challenge facing any
organisation is to
integrate them with
other systems in a
seamless manner. Your
comments.
Integration and interoperability
are perhaps least understood
terms when it comes to
command and control systems.
While integration of disparate
systems is technologically possible through translation
approach at the database level and by use of gateways at
the interface level, this comes at the cost of time penalties,
additional hardware, processing power and bandwidth.
While many solutions for integration are being evaluated
by us, we are also working on creating standard data
structures for essential information that is to be exchanged
between diferent systems, both for spatial as well as
non-spatial data. We are continuously interacting with
the industry to identify solutions that can meet our
requirements. Some studies within DGIS are underway to
address this issue and one of our current projects aims to
address the issue of Common Military Symbology which
will go a long way in creating standards that will lead to
seamless interoperability.
Situational awareness relies on streaming
videos and real-time inputs from surveillance
systems rather than old and susceptible
voice communications. Whats being done in
this regard?
In Command & Control Systems, it is the real time inputs
that lead to a better situational awareness. Every optical
sensors output need not be streamed to all users. Streaming
video is required only in certain situations; the challenge
however lies in extracting the relevant information from
any sensor output and disseminating the situation to all
concerned users. In all our projects, we are looking at high
bandwidth data capability. In times to come, all voice only
communication devices will be replaced by data enabled
devices.
For an effective Network-Centric Warfare
(NCW), one requires equipments and weapon
systems which are network enabled. While
Indian Army is already doing that for its existing
weaponry, how is it ensuring that future
purchases integrate seamlessly with its existing
systems? Does this form a part of its RFP for
any future purchases?
In the ultimate analysis, unless all elements operating
in the battlefeld are on a common platform to provide
Situational Awareness (SA), the concept of NCW will remain
unexploited.
However, direct integration of weapon systems with
computing devices will take place only when such weapon
systems are developed and inducted. Project BMS aims
to integrate all fghting and support platforms down to
individual tanks/ specialist or modifed vehicles with varying
scales of SA capability, hence the transformation will be
selective based on our operational requirement. However, for
all future procurement of weapon systems and equipment,
the aspect of integration with our command and control
systems is very much considered.
The available constellation of Global Navigation
Satellite System (GNSS) do not provide
adequate coverage under buildings as well
as thick foliage. There is a need to have an
GIS continues to be the hub
of all OIS since all information
in the operational domain
has a spatial component. It
continues to remain the major
challenge in the development
of command and control
systems.
navigation, time/ angle of arrival are available making
use of the data radios. In the commercial domain, such
services are being provided by cellular operators by using
the assisted GPS technologies. However, for the military
usage, not all technologies are suitable. We are also certain
that availability of GNSS will be further boosted once our
own Indian Regional Navigational Satellite System (IRNSS)
becomes operational.
Interoperability between the three services is
a problem faced by armed forces around the
world. How exactly are you planning to resolve
the problem?
I am of the opinion that interoperability at strategic level can
only be achieved by working towards integration at tactical
level. Te Tri Services issues are being dealt by HQ IDS.
However, we continue to participate in all forums pertaining
to interoperability amongst information systems. Certain
standards are in the process of being created which will
ensure that the information exchange between the services
is seamless. Notable amongst these are the development
of common waveforms for radio communication and the
common geographic reference framework. With standard
exchange protocols and dissemination formats in place, the
issue of interoperability will be addressed in an ef cient
manner in times to come.
alternate technology to assist in navigation
and tracking in situations when GNSS based
navigation fails. Your take?
Tis is a serious challenge faced by armies all over the
world. However, various options are available to overcome
this limitation. For all our systems targeted at mobile
users, this aspect has been given adequate attention.
Technologies such as dead reckoning, personal inertial
In Command & Control
Systems, it is the real time
inputs that lead to a better
situational awareness. The
challenge lies in extracting
the relevant information
from any sensor output and
disseminating the situation to
all concerned users.
Better decisions for a changing world.
And those responding to it.

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GeoEye
puts analysts, warghters and responders in touch with critical GEOINT in

real time to protect lives, manage risk and optimize resources. Our analytics expertise
combined with the worlds most precise unclassied imagery allows users to uncover
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place. By providing online, on-demand access to geospatial information and insight,
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El evati ng I nsi ght for Better Deci si on Maki ng
Visit www.geoeye.com/ geoint to receive a geospatial analysis report using interrelated
GEOINT factors that yields new insights.
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UNCLASSI FI ED
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THE
KILLER
GEOINT
Intelligence gathered from
geospatial technology
helped US forces track its
most wanted man, Osama
bin Laden
by Aditi Bhan
Justice has been done. With these words, US President
Barrack Obama took the world by surprise on May 2,
2011, when he announced the elimination of the US
most wanted man, Osama bin Laden. Te news astonished
the world for yet another reason the surgical strike was
carried out with absolute precision in a foreign land,
Pakistan, without its governments knowledge. While people
reacted in diferent ways upon hearing the news, security
agencies around the world were in awe of the intensity and
intelligence involved in this operation. Te attack not only
established Americas military and intelligence superiority, it
also demonstrated the countrys strong political will to go to
any extent to stamp out its enemies.
Operation Neptune Spear (Operation Geronimo)
Day: Sunday
Date: May 1, 2011
Time: About 3.30 pm ET
Two MH-60 Black Hawk Helicopters carrying US Navy
SEALs enter a compound in Abbottabad, about 35 miles
north of Islamabad, the capital of Pakistan. One of the
helicopters develop technical snag and makes a hard landing.
A team of 24 SEALs storm the three-story building. A
frefght follows, resulting in the instant death of fve people
(four men and a woman) and injuring two women. One of
the dead is identifed as Osama bin Laden, 54, shot in the
face. No US casualty takes place. Te assault team destroys
the problematic aircraft and leave with bin Ladens body
in another aircraft which was at stand-by. Te mission is
accomplished in 40 minutes fat.
Later, DNA tests and facial-recognition technology help
confrm bin Ladens identity. His body is buried at sea. Te
whole operation gets over in 12 hours.
However, the eforts involved in making this operation a
success entailed years of hard work by
intelligence agencies.
Background
Post 9/11, the US directed its eforts in
strengthening its intelligence network
- both electronic and human. It spread
out its network to gather information
about Osama bin Laden and his
organisation, Al-Qaeda believed to be
behind the attacks.
Te CIA led the operation, and was
supported mainly by three agencies -
the National Security Agency (NSA)
responsible for monitoring and
intercepting communications around
the world, the National Geospatial-
Intelligence Agency or NGA
(responsible for collection, analysis and
distribution of geospatial information),
and National Reconnaissance Of ce
(provides spy satellite images).
Years of interrogation of detainees captured by US in
Afghanistan, and with the help of Pakistan, helped
intelligence agencies identify one of bin Ladens most trusted
couriers, Abu Ahmed al-Kuwaiti (his true identity is still
debated but his real name is believed to be Sheikh Abu Ahmed,
a Pakistans resident born in Kuwait). However, it was only
last year that the intelligence agencies (NSA) were able to
intercept his phone call, which ultimately led them to the
compound in Abbottabad in August 2010.
Hunt for Osama
Experts say two theories are likely to have been used to
determine Osamas whereabouts Distance-decay theory,
and Teory of Island Biogeography.
Distance-decay theory It states that the interaction
between two locales declines with an increase of distance
between them. Once the distance is outside of each others
activity space, their interactions begin to lessen.
As per this theory, bin Laden was likely to be closest to the
point where he was last seen and within a region that had
a similar physical and cultural composition (that is, similar
religious and political beliefs). In other words, the further he
moved into the interiors of Pakistan or India, the greater the
chances of him getting captured or eliminated.
Teory of Island Biogeography As per this theory, species
on a large island are less likely to go extinct following a
catastrophic event than species on a small one. It basically
states that a person is likely to go to a region with a low
extinction rate, for example, a large town, for survival.
What really set the alarm
bells ringing among intelligence
were the location and design
of the compound. Also, the
property, which is worth USD 1
million, had no phone or Internet
connection.
The helicopters used in the operation are reported to be radar-avoiding modied Black
Hawk MH-60
(Source: Naval Technology)
Hence, bin Laden was likely to be in a larger town than a
smaller and isolated one where extinction rate would be
higher.
Based on these two theories, in 2009, UCLA students led
by professors Tomas Gillespie and John Agnew, authored
a paper predicting Osama bin Ladens whereabouts. Tey
used probability models that are usually applied for studying
endangered species, and information from satellites and other
remote sensing systems, and concluded that he was living
in a city, not a village or cave as was widely presumed. As
per their study, there was 81 per cent chance that he was in
Abbottabad.
The geospatial edge
Based on the above-mentioned theories and assisted by
satellite imagery, high-resolution images of cities were used
to identify individual buildings that match bin Ladens
life history characteristics (see Table 1 for a complete list of
life history characteristics used to derive structural building
requirements).
Satellite images and imagery gathered from drones revealed
that the compound was relatively secluded when it was built
in 2005. Te main structure was a three-story building with
hardly any windows. What really set the alarm bells ringing
among intelligence were the following:
Te location and design of the compound.
Te building had a terrace on the third foor which had a
seven-foot wall.
It had 12-18-foot walls topped with barbed wire. Also,
internal walls sectioned of diferent portions of the
compound to provide extra privacy.
Access to the compound was restricted by two security
gates.
Unlike their neighbours who put the trash out for
collection, the residents burnt their trash in the
compound itself.
Moreover, intelligence gathered also revealed that the
property, valued at about USD 1 million, had no phone or
Internet connection.
Te above observations concluded that the compound was
Life History Characteristics Physical Structure Attribute
64 tall Tall building
Requires a dialysis machine Electric grid hookup or generator
that uses electricity
Prefers physical protection Walls over three meters high
Enjoys personal privacy Space between structures
Retains a small number of More than three rooms
body guards
Prefers to remain protected Trees for cover when outside
from aerial view
Life history characteristics used to derive structural building
requirements of Osama bin Laden
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Table: 1
28 I GEOINTELLIGENCE MAy JUN 2011
custom built to hide someone very signifcant. Having
discovered that it was the residence of bin Ladens trusted
courier, the CIA suspected the presence of Osama at this
heavily fortifed complex. However, US of cials werent sure
about the identity of the person inside until the last moment.
NGAs role
Once the intelligence agencies zeroed in on the compound,
NGA began to study it intensively. Using imagery from spy
planes, satellites from commercial imagery providers like
DigitalGlobe and GeoEye, and spy satellites (provided by
National Reconnaissance Of ce), RQ-170 Sentinel Stealth
Drone, and information from several sources including
transcripts of intercepted phone calls, the NGA produced
detailed maps of the compound its dimensions and
features.
Its ability to conduct imagery analysis in all weathers
(the hyperspectral and multispectral sensors on satellites
and drones are so powerful that they can see through thick
clouds) ensured that the target was never out of sight.
Moreover, by performing sophisticated pattern analysis of
human characteristics, like body size and gait, NGA analysed
the pattern of life of the inhabitants of the compound the
height and gender of the people living there, people coming
in and leaving the compound; and even what was happening
inside the compound.
Te study was so intensive that the US, at the time of
operation, was aware about the number of people living
inside the compound. Of cials believe there were 22 people
living in the compound.
After working on the details within the compound, NGA
also helped the Joint Special Operations Command (the
Using imagery from spy planes,
satellites and other sources, NGA
produced detailed maps of the
compound its dimensions and
features. It even estimated the
number of people living inside the
building.
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MAY JUN 2011 GEOINTELLIGENCE I 29
Navy SEALs) prepare for the D-day by:
Creating mission simulators for the pilots who
few the helicopters
Producing three-dimensional rendering of the compound
Its capability to determine the composition of an object
or a building from a distance helped the aircraft to land at
the right place inside the compound
Tis helped the forces create a replica of the compound
(replica was built inside Camp Alpha, a restricted section
of the Bagram military base in Afghanistan) wherein Navy
SEALs are said to have carried out practice runs on April 7
and April 13.
The D-Day
Despite scrutinising the site for months, satellites were
unable to capture an image of bin Laden. Tis acted as a
hindrance to the operation, even though every evidence
gathered suggested otherwise. In fact, White Houses original
plan is said to have been to bomb the house, but President
Obama decided against that. And the rest, as we know,
is history.
(With inputs from Brig A S Nagra,
www.seattlepi.com, www.nationaljournal.com,
www.bbc.co.uk, www.seattlepi.com,
www.gizmodo.com.au,
www.spaceightnow.com,
http://web.mit.edu/mitir/, Wikipedia)
TOOLS USED
RQ-170: The Lockheed Martin RQ-170 drone is built
exclusively for reconnaissance missions. It has a 20m
wingspan, can y as high as 15,000m and uses video
cameras and hyperspectral sensors to collect data.
Data from RQ-170 was analysed by NGA before, during
and after the raid on the compound.
MH-60 Black Hawk Helicopter: The stealth helicopter/
night stalker helicopter is especially designed for special
missions. It can carry about 12 soldiers, is equipped with
infra-red jammers to mislead missiles, and can support
three types of guns (mini, chain, gatling).
GPS satellites: GPS satellites aided the helicopters, used in
the operation, to y into Pakistan beneath radar coverage,
orbiting at 12,500 miles above Earth.
Hyperspectral Image Sensors: These sensors use the
invisible chemical properties of objects to form an image
thats beyond human beings visible spectrum. These
sensors, which were mounted to aircraft used for the
operation, enabled forces to gain high resolution photos of
the compound in total darkness.
Satellite-Linked Helmet Cameras: The helmets used in the
operation are reported to have been equipped with video
recorders, which transmitted the live action to the White
House via satellite.
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Intelligence plays a key role, in fact the most prominent
role in the decision making process of any nation or
organisation. Te foreign policy of a nation, its economic
policies and its national security is closely interlinked
with its intelligence gathering capabilities. Te emerging
world order and emergence of threat from international
terrorism has forced the governments world over to opt for
organisational restructuring to deal with aspects of national
security. In the feld of terrorism, the stress is more on state
to state cooperation and exchange of information rather
than pursuing an independent agenda. Unlike conventional
warfare, terrorism is not restricted to specifc battle ground or
geographic space. It can manifest in attacks and threats in the
hinterlands at any place and any time. Tus the geographic
I NTERNAL SECURI TY
Col Sunil Mishra
Director, BMS
Indian Army
suna2003sm@yahoo.co.in
Strengthening
geospatial intelligence
Internal security in a country with porous border along many
neighbours, as well as a large coastline, diferent languages
and cultures with varying demography, is a challenge.
Internal security threats
Te changing security scenario in the region has a direct
impact on our internal security. While terrorists infltrating
from across the border will always remain a threat, its the
home grown terror outfts which will pose a greater challenge
since they will not have to cross any borders. Te situation
in our neighbourhood compounds the problem when the
outfts on either side join hands. Te traditional focus on
securing our borders, therefore, may not be suf cient.
If we look at the threat from the law and order point of
view, organised crime with possibility of links to terrorism,
communal violence and even man-made disasters which can
be exploited by vested interests, emerge as major threats to
the internal security. Tere is thus, a need to look beyond
the traditional approaches when it comes to dealing with
the emerging threats to internal security. Te available
technology will have to be harnessed in a more cohesive
and proactive manner. GIS is one such area that is yet to be
exploited to the desired level.
Geospatial intelligence in the context of
internal security
Geospatial intelligence has been defned by National Imagery
and Mapping Agency (NIMA, predecessor to NGA) as
Te exploitation and analysis of imagery and geospatial
information to describe, assess and visually depict physical
features and geographically referenced activities on the
earth. Te defnition clearly depicts the magnitude of the
efort required to build a database of geospatial intelligence
so as to provide support to government agencies entrusted
with the task of national security. However, while collecting
such data about other countries may be a major challenge,
collecting geospatial data within the country would be a far
easier task provided all resources at the disposal of the nation
are exploited in a complimentary manner.
database for national security is no more restricted to areas
adjoining international borders, rather the efort has to
include own territory as well. In dealing with aspects of
national security, majority of intelligence inputs have a
spatial signifcance.
In the last two decades, India has witnessed an escalation
in the acts of violence and terror against its people. It is
however, in the last decade, that the threat from within has
taken the centre stage. If 26/11 was a reminder of the threat
of asymmetric warfare from so-called non state actors from
hostile neighbours, the Dantewada ambush is a pointer to
threats from within. It is not only cities, but even the villages
and forests in the heart of India which are now at threat.
The changing security scenario in
the region has a direct impact on our
internal security. While terrorists from
across the border will always remain
a threat, its the home grown terror
out ts which pose a greater challenge
International terrorism and
unconventional warfare are the most
challenging threats facing security
forces worldwide. The fact that attacks
can take place anywhere anytime
has necessitated the need to obtain
complete geospatial information of our
territories.
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Te capability of any application based on Geographic
Information System (GIS) is limited to the quantity and
quality of data provided as input. A digitised cartography
map needs a huge volume of attribute data before it becomes
suitable as GIS input. While generally this data has been
assumed to pertain to terrain feature only, a true GIS ready
map should logically cover the complete spectrum of data
required by various disciplines of geodetic science. Tis
defnitely calls for inputs even from agencies other than those
dealing with topographic survey.
However, the biggest challenge is providing geospatial
data at scales and accuracies required by forces operating
over rural terrain in the hinterland. As part of the
development plans, we have been mapping our cities and
urban areas and certain areas in the hinterland where
major national projects have been initiated. However,
tribal areas were not mapped. Tey had been left out even
during the British rule and the situation has not changed
much. Our security requirements necessitated coverage
along and across our borders. Tese areas have been
adequately surveyed. It is the areas in the hinterland
which are now seeing a scale of violence that requires
large presence of security forces.
Te troops on ground need access to high resolution and
large scale data, giving details to include each hut, hamlet,
water source, trail etc. Tis poses additional challenge in
areas where the forest cover prevents high resolution imagery
and UAV borne sensors lose their ef cacy.
Te geospatial data required to deal with threats to internal
security would include the coverage of entire country
including the border areas since border management also
has a direct bearing on internal security. Te data required
wouldnt be restricted to maps and imagery alone. In dealing
with the entire spectrum of internal security including
law and order, data about weather, population, type of
vegetation, traf c conditions, crowd patterns etc assume
signifcance. Te stampede at New Delhi railway station,
sometime back, is a case in point. Imagine a situation
where such crowded areas are targeted by terrorists. In such
situations, crowd pattern prediction and monitoring of
crowd movement would play a crucial role.
Geospatial data
Te geospatial data requirement for internal security is going
to be highly demanding. While Survey of India may be
able to provide digital topographic data, the security forces
would require 3D models depicting foliage, buildings etc.,
and in case of urban areas, even the foor plan of building
that is threatened. Cartography in an urban environment is
a challenging task due to lack of natural features that can be
selected as control points and the problem of line of sight
in surveying. Te requirements of security forces are also
very demanding in an urban setup. Layout of the sewage
system, the power and telephone lines/distributors, other
communication infrastructure, traf c conditions at various
time of the day, location of medical and health centres,
the demography pattern including ethnic and communal
break up of population, location of trouble spots, layout
of sensitive buildings etc are some disparate sources of
information which are required in planning to deal with the
threat and mitigation.
In rural areas, lack of infrastructure is a major hindrance in
the preparation of large scale data. For the security forces,
the prominent landmarks will be few and far away. Many
features may not even be marked on maps of smaller scales.
Local names used by tribes or villagers may not even be
mentioned on maps. In areas with heavy forest cover, even
satellite imagery will be of little help. Global Positioning
Systems are also of little help in such kind of terrain without
matching maps. Mapping such areas will require active
participation of security forces in collecting data for updating
of existing maps and preparation of new maps. Attribute
data from other sources such as census data will have to be
acquired centrally to prepare geospatial data rather than plain
digital maps.
Tis task is very large and cannot be undertaken in
compartments. A central agency may have to be created to
take inputs from various sources and compile all data to
create a meaningful GIS ready product.
Infrastructure for maintaining and
exploiting geospatial intelligence
Some of the major nations are well on their way to establish
agencies dealing with this important aspect of intelligence.
Post 9/11, USA has carried out a major restructuring of the
government agencies, and set up the National Geospatial
Intelligence Agency (NGA) by merging elements from CIA,
Defence Intelligence Agency, National Reconnaissance
Organisation (NRO), State Department etc is a step in this
direction. NGA having its mission statement to Provide
accurate and timely geodetic, geophysical, geotechnical
analysis and geospatial intelligence information to support
A true GIS ready map should
logically cover the complete
spectrum of data. The biggest
challenge is providing geospatial
data at scales and accuracy
required by forces operating over
rural terrain in the hinterland.
national security, Department of Defence, and intelligence
objectives is undoubtedly a major arm of the US
government assisting in implementing the national goals of
the country.
For production and analysis of data required as base for
geospatial intelligence, numerous agencies are involved.
Tis would include high resolution imagery products,
elevation data through ground, air and space based survey,
cartography data, inputs from security forces, urban and
rural development agencies, forest management agencies,
intelligence community and so on. It is only when the
seemingly unrelated events collected individually by these
agencies are merged; a comprehensive intelligence picture in
the relevant geographic domain can emerge.
Ideally, a comprehensive geospatial intelligence data set
should be able to generate large scale maps, surface models
to include natural and man made structures, walk through
critical infrastructure/ buildings, computer models to predict
and manage natural disasters and many other functions
required to support aspects pertaining to nation building
as well as national security. Te National Spatial Data
Infrastructure (NSDI) initiative is one correct step in this
direction, however, its role will have to be enhanced to deal
with data beyond topographic maps. Te National Disaster
Management Authority is another agency which would
require access to such a large geospatial data set. Collation of
data from various agencies spread all over the country
would also necessitate a dedicated information network,
central data repository and relevant policy formulation so
that user agencies can be supplied the relevant data at the
correct time.
Conclusion
Be it military operations, disaster management, communal
riots or counter-insurgency operations, the disparate
information held by diferent agencies has to be fused to
form an intelligent picture before successful operations can
be planned and executed. Tus, the need to bring intelligence
and geospatial information under the aegis of a single agency
cannot be underestimated. As we transform our forces to
optimally exploit technology, the employment of automated
command and control system by all security agencies in
times to come is certain. It is therefore essential that we
simultaneously address the preparation of geospatial data
that will be required by such systems and also commence
work on refning our existing infrastructure to deal with
geospatial data at the national level. A holistic view of the
necessary organisation in the feld of geospatial intelligence
at the national level is essential to lay down a framework for
transformation of our national security apparatus to meet the
future challenges.
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From the western coast of California
to the east coast of Japan, the world
presents a diverse canvas in terms
of varied geographies, geopolitical
situations and levels of technical
know-how for defence forces. Can you
describe the geospatial solutions being
provided by Esri to suit the needs of its
customers?
Asia Pacifc is very broad region of the world, and although
we can say there is much diversity in geopolitics and
technical know-how in each country, we fnd one primary
goal for all defence forces; and that is the desire to acquire,
manage and exploit spatial information suitable for awareness
and agile decision support. It is a key for every defence force
to know more than their adversary and use technology to
their advantage.
We fnd that geospatial requirements vary within any given
defence organisation and our technology has matured to
support users at all echelons across their enterprise. Te Esri
solution is a geospatial platform that can be confgured and
deployed from headquarters situation rooms down to the
tactical units. Tis provides continuity and ef ciencies to the
end user because our capabilities can be reconfgured for a
specifc mission. By providing a common platform across the
national security community, we enable unparalleled unity of
action.
We are also great believers in the geographic approach-
using geographic science supported by GIS as a framework
to solve problems. Once you have embraced the geographic
approach to problem solving, youll fnd that you can apply
it to many types of problems in your feld of expertise or
outside. One very good example is how a geographer with
a civilian background was quickly able to take an analytical
John Day
Director Defense Business Development
Esri
I NTERVI EW
Think global,
act local
model for locating camp sites suitable for recreational
vehicles (RV) and repurpose this for locating suitable launch
sites for mobile missile launchers. Site selection for an RV
campsite involves fnding fat areas with frm ground and
little to no slope that are close to main roads. Using the
geographic approach to solving problems, the same analyst
who created the model for the RV is able to reuse the model
for the Shahab-3 mobile missile launcher. It too has similar
requirements when determining site selection for hide,
launch and refuelling frm, fat ground close to main
roads. When you design systems and develop staf based on
understanding the fundamentals of approaching problems
in the context of geography, they understand how to utilise
their skills for multiple problems in this way. Tats the
power of the geographic approach to problem solving.
You led Esris activities with the
Commercial Joint Mapping Toolkit
(CJMTK). CJMTK replaced the
government-owned software package,
Joint Mapping Toolkit (JMTK) and is
now the United States Department of
Defenses (DoD) standard mapping
toolkit for C2I software. Can you tell us
about it?
Te CJMTK programme was a recognition that rapid
technology growth in Commercial Of-Te-Shelf
(COTS) GIS software could provide a vast majority of
geospatial capabilities for C2I systems, and respond to new
requirements more quickly than government-developed
technology.
Tis acquisition provided many benefts to defence
programmes by allowing them to develop using a standard
set of APIs and capabilities. While successful CJMTK
technology is not a panacea good systems architecture
design and information management strategies are essential
if true interoperability and information exchange are to
be enabled. If developers arent careful then CJMTK
can provide a bewildering array of options and
increasingly there is recognition of the need
for governance within and between
programmes of record if they are
to achieve the full geospatial
benefts of CJMTK. Indeed,
I believe this is one of
the major drivers in
the creation of
the US Armys
Geospatial
Center
and the
appointment of an Army GIO who is charged with ensuring
standardisation, interoperability and best practices across US
Army systems.
You have around three decades of
experience in geospatial technology.
How has the technology evolved in all
these years vis--vis its utility for defen
ce forces and how do you think it can
alter the balance in ones favour in the
battleeld?
Tree decades is a long time in the ICT industry. If you
follow Moores law for 30 years, the growth is not linear but
exponential, and capability is doubling every 18 months. Te
technology was originally hosted on a mainframe computer
providing the defence mapping agencies the ability to
automate production of hardcopy maps. Interconnection
was only of mainframe computers and the interface was
command lines on a terminal. Trough DARPA, the defence
industry led the revolution and today we see the defence
market beneftting from these advancements and repurposing
commercial technology for their use. Tis is providing
tremendous cost savings in areas of research and development
when defence forces can grab something of-the-shelf,
prototype and deploy solutions in a matter of days, weeks
and months.
Today, digital spatial information is everywhere. I cant drive
or walk down a street without seeing someone searching
or viewing information for a location on a laptop or
smartphone. Car navigation systems are a commodity and
very simple to use. For Esri, mobile systems are where we see
tremendous growth as portable smart devices allow soldiers
as well as citizens to become sensors to feed back to the
headquarters. At the same time, the tempo of data being fed
Notebook, has transformed this collection and analysis.
Coupled with closer integration with other intelligence
sources and geographic methods, we are seeing greater utility
from all these tools.
Force Protection remains a major challenge. To locate IEDs
in Northern Ireland, we conducted change detection using
manual processes from analog flm images captured from
aircraft. Wet flm processing and analysis were slow and
time consuming. Today, we see the integration of digital
imagery and image processing software providing improved
capabilities in real-time. And when combined in a common
geographic framework with other intelligence sources, such
as SIGINT on cell phones and video from UAS, actionable
intelligence can be derived more completely and quickly.
We are witnessing tremendous
integration and convergence in
geospatial technology space. How is
this improving the wherewithal of a
soldier in the battleeld and changing
the war scenario? What do you
envisage for the future?
Predicting the future beyond a year or two is a fools
errand avoided by most IT professionals. But it is safe to
say that geospatial technology is going beyond a single
analytical workstation to providing an ecosystem to support
measurement, storage, analysis, visualisation, planning,
decision making, taking action, and then supporting more
measurement and so on, in a cyclical manner. Tis is changing
how we do business itself, not just how we use GIS. Tese
are very exciting times as ease of integration and convergence
is occurring throughout the geospatial industry. We see very
interesting marriages between diferent intelligence and
operational practices in defence. Tis is all happening through
better understanding of government and industry standards,
and fostering the collaboration of often diferent cultures
within a defence force. New practices and tradecraft are
appearing as quickly as the technology is changing.
Maps used to represent a static interpretation of information
whether it was a topographic base map or acetate overlay.
While that is still a valid role for sharing information, today
we see that the geographic display is used in much more
powerful and interesting ways. Geospatial displays are used
by planners to collaborate, to consider courses-of-action, and
then to present options to commanders. Decisions are made
in the map environment and then plans are distributed as
electronic maps not just within the HQ but down to the
deployed and mobile forces. It will be interesting to see when
the digital display is trusted in lieu of the paper map. Some
say never but the US Navy no longer has chart lockers in its
submarines, and fully digital bridges on surface ships is only
a matter of training and certifcation away.
With mainstreaming of geospatial
technology, we see a higher degree
to the tactical units is more accurate and can be near real-
time. For an infantry solider or mechanised unit to be terrain
aware frst, to reason frst, and to maneuver frst, it is a force
multiplier and an advantage that is essential.
The major challenge facing the security
forces in the world today is terrorism or
asymmetric warfare. As an army ofcer,
you have been involved with a number
of counter-terrorism activities. How can
geospatial technology help defence and
internal security forces gain an edge in
this kind of warfare?
In over three decades of involvement with terrorism and
asymmetric warfare, I have watched the advancement of
geospatial activities with great interest. From my early days
in Northern Ireland through to the present day, I see many
similar problems being addressed using digital IT rather than
analog pen and paper processes.
Paper maps showing population distribution based on
religion were called tribal maps in Northern Ireland green
for catholic, orange for protestant, yellow for mixed, with
white roads indicating those providing relatively safe transit.
Today we are exploiting all the power of human geography
in GIS for what we now call Human Terrain, and we are
integrating human geography with all sources of intelligence.
Te maps back then were static and of limited value. In
todays digital world, the data is dynamic and the maps
can be provided and updated in near real-time. Not only
is this critical in the planning of operations but by using
mobile devices, intelligence and situational awareness is now
available to deployed forces. Patrols can also contribute more
quickly and completely to the intelligence picture long before
their debrief back at base.
Ofensive operations against terrorist cells require
intensive data capture and correlation. Intelligence of cers
retained most of this in their heads or on display boards.
Mostly this intelligence was lost when they rotated out
of theater at the end of their tour. Link analysis or social
network analysis, using software such as i2s Analyst
36 I GEOINTELLIGENCE MAy JUN 2011
Today we see the integration
of digital imagery and image
processing software providing
improved capabilities in real-
time. And when combined in
a common geographic framework
with other intelligence sources,
actionable intelligence can
be derived more completely
and quickly.
of collaboration/integration between
defence and commercial/consumer/
individual use of geointelligence
information and tech. Do you see this
as a positive trend? What about the
repercussions of misuse?
Absolutely a positive trend. Commercial consumers and
individuals bring fresh ideas to the geospatial melting pot
and to the defence industry. Its just an explosion of Whats
New in the GIS world, and we are in the middle of huge
internet research, test and evaluation playground. What I
fnd interesting about geospatial technology in the public
internet cloud are those solutions that go through stages
of being fun and popular, to those that are able to sustain
themselves, and eventually solutions that can continually
evolve to and expand in many markets.
Billions of smartphones are on the horizon - the iPhone, the
Android phone and Windows phone. We are putting ArcGIS
in that environment. People are very interested but most of
them are not GIS professionals. Teyre accessing the map
services using ArcGIS online and just having a lot of fun.
Our initiatives here are to empower access to services, but
also to bring community information back into the system.
And thats from citizens or from mobile workers, so that the
enterprise is connected with everyone else. Increasingly we
will want and need to take into consideration information
from sources such as NGOs and interested citizens.
Volunteered geographic information will often be the frst
source of intelligence available, as was the case in Haiti and
Egypt for example. All-source integration and analysis must
now include the ability to use Twitter, Ushahidi, Flickr and
YouTube.
Tere is always a danger of misuse of any technology and
information. In the military, we are familiar with risk
management and are used to having to consider the source
and accuracy of information intelligence staf have always
done this. It is true that this will become more challenging
as more and more sources become available, but good
governance and transparency takes care of a lot of these bad
practices of misuse. Technology alone is not the answer.
Good governance what we usually call leadership and
management is the most vital ingredient.
Today, the need for real-time
geointelligence information is on
the rise. Is technology playing
catch up? Any specic solutions
from Esri?
In defence, we operate in a time-dominant environment.
GIS has been very active in near real-time data for over a
decade and one of the leaders of putting temporal data in the
context of spatial location, along with analysis to understand
temporal patterns that occur over seasons, years, months,
weeks, days, hours or minutes. All our products are time
aware. Our database technology now includes time as an
attribute to support analysis and visualisation. For some
years, our server technology has been able to accept
and log track feeds from various sources to provide
near real-time insertion.
Tis has been important for many intelligence and military
systems whether the feeds are from intelligence sources for
analysis, or for situational awareness as part of a common
operating picture. Imagery is now completely integrated
into our server technology to provide strong management,
dissemination, visualisation and analysis. Tese capabilities
are provided using on-the-fy image processes so that new
imagery is available as soon as it can be delivered to the
server. Tis too is a major advance in collapsing the time
from sensor to shooter. All this means that our client
technology from professional desktops to browsers have
the ability to exploit time.
What is the business strategy of
Esri to cater to varying needs of
defence forces in Asian region in
general and South Asian region in
particular?
Our strategy is same for domestic as well as international
market, and that is to bring proven COTS technology
that immediately elevates the capabilities to ISR, defence
mapping and C2 systems, all without waiting for technology
to be incubated, matured and developed with large internal
development teams. Our goal to our customers in South Asia
is to ofer ef cient, cost reducing technology over the life-
cycle of a deployed system.
Te burden of research and development, sustaining
technology and supporting this over extended periods is now
shared through broader user community in the public and
commercial sectors, and to the beneft of defence forces. As
a global company, we continue to support our customers in
this region with core technology and expertise from the US
coupled closely with our network of distributors and partners
located in the region. I consider this thinking globally but
operating locally.
Our strategy is same for domestic
as well as international market,
and that is to bring proven COTS
technology that immediately
elevates the capabilities to ISR,
defence mapping and C2 systems,
all without waiting for technology
to be incubated, matured and
developed with large internal
development teams.
Modern battleeld demands intelligence
acquisition, processing, correlation, fusing
of information from multiple sources and
dissemination of fused information to
enhance battleeld situational awareness,
thereby permitting quick decision making
by eld commanders at tactical and
operational levels. Operational and tactical
simulators have long been used in the armed
forces to train commanders to take the
right decision in any situation. A map is
a proven tool for making better decisions.
Cdr VS Renganathan (retd)
Managing Director
Radiant Coral Digital Technologies
vsrenga@coraltechnologies.co.in
K Kirubanantham
Team Lead (Simulation)
Radiant Coral Digital Technologies
kiruba@coraltechnologies.co.in
SI MULATORS
GIS enabled tactical and war
gaming simulators are helping field
commanders in taking smart decisions
The War
Games
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In days of yore, commanders used sand
models and war room plotting tables. With
Geographic Information Systems (GIS),
computers and network centric operations,
military commanders and decision makers
are equipped to have better situational
awareness and hence are better informed to
make the right decisions that are crucial in
any conict.
Tactical Situation Displays:
Te GIS based tactical situation displays form part of both
the Exercise Controller (Instructor) and the Command
and Action Information Console (C2I system). Te S-57
Electronic Nautical Chart (ENC) display includes IMO
Standard symbols and colours (IHO S-52) and includes
support for S-63 ENC (S-57 compressed and encrypted).
Tese ENCs form an underlay on the Tactical situation
display with Computer generated forces (CGF or entities or
agents) from the exercise controller displayed on these charts
as multiple layers to form the complete situation awareness
display. Te CGF or entities are positioned initially as per the
tactical game or scenario created by the Exercise controller
or instructor and the entities, various sensors, weapon FCS
(Fire control systems) and C2I systems (Command, Control
and Intelligence) move as per plans fed in by the trainee feld
commander.
Te trainee operators follow procedures and apply decisions
as the game progresses at their respective consoles and train
themselves on analysing situations, appreciating enemys
intentions and making decisions. Trainee commanders are
trained in these simulators to maintain situational awareness,
execute current operations, monitor own war fghting
capability and resources, manage his command and control
resources and plan future operations. Tey are trained to
observe, orient, decide and act. Te simulators have facility
to store, pause and replay any game for debrief by the
Instructor.
Te numerous features and symbols as per IHO S-52
standard that are embedded in the S-57 vector chart can
either be displayed all together or selectively displayed to
de-clutter the display. Several tactical tools are available to
measure absolute or relative bearing, range, query depth,
plot depth in 3D, solve relative velocity problems, calculate
closest point and time of approach, mark areas and points of
interest, draw boundaries, shapes, lines, waypoints, routes,
anchor swing circles and set anchor drag alarms.
Te S-57, S-63 ENC capability along with the numerous
tactical tools are all being integrated into an Electronic Chart
System (ECS) enroute to development, qualifcation and
type certifcation of a full-fedged ECDIS system for ocean
going vessels including Naval warships.
For the Army and Air Forces terrain based operational
and tactical war gaming simulation needs, the capability
to read and render Tif (raster maps), DGN (Microstation
v7.0 vector charts) and underlay geotif, DEM and DTED
data for obtaining terrain elevation information has been
developed. Tis capability is now being deployed to develop
a tri-services war gaming simulator for joint war gaming
simulation. Almost all plans related to Army operations,
intelligence and logistics are realised on terrain. In defence,
it is important to know the location where enemy has placed
Trainee commanders
are trained in simulators
to maintain situational
awareness. They are trained
to observe, orient, decide
and act.
Figure 1 S-57 ENC based tactical situation display for C2I systems simulators
Figure 2 Exercise controller for tactical training simulation
his assets and react in time to position own forces so as to
be able to thwart the enemys plans. In ofensive operations,
it involves knowing the location which is the weakest point
of the enemy so as to be able strike efectively. In order to
improve the speed and quality of decisions the simulation
is being developed as a system that has terrain centered
operational visualisation capability. Te of cers are trained
to observe, orient, decide and act. Te simulators have
facility to store, pause and replay any game for debrief by the
instructor.
1: 50,000 and 1:250,000 scale maps are used for Army war
game simulations and 1:1,000,000 scale maps are used for
Air Force war game simulations. Geotif or DEM or DTED
Level 1 or level 2 data or geotif data may be underlaid
beneath the DGN charts to obtain terrain elevation.
Tactical tools are available to overlay tactical symbols of
entities, mark points and areas of interest, lettered positions,
check intervisibility, plot terrain gradients, draw roads,
tracks, routes, waypoints, circles, lines, free hand curves
or boundaries/line of control, place arrows, place and
store attributes like soil type, tree cover density and other
geographical data. Te S-57 charts for Navy and DGN
charts for Army and Air Force are linked with geographically
referenced meteorological, tidal, wind, sunrise, sunset,
moonrise and moonset data that can be used by the players
to make their decisions on mission planning and logistics.
All the geographical information layers and the entity
capabilities can be edited by the exercise controller or
instructor to create hypothetical situations to train future
commanders for wars. 3D visualisation of the terrain is
provided in the simulations with the help of Google Earth
and Flightgear, an open source fight simulation software,
by using its geographically accurate DTED Level 1/2 based
terrain rendering engine. Te S-57, S-63 ENC, DGN,
Geotif, DEM, DTED reading and rendering libraries are
also available as API (application programming interface) for
easy integration into customers application.
Te basic purpose is to ensure that our feld commanders
and decision makers get the required training in the most
efective, economical and smart way; so that when the threat
is real, they take informed decisions.
Figure 3 S-57 and S-63 ENC based electronic chart system
Figure 5 Intervisibility ray trace overlay on DGN charts
Figure 4 DGN vector maps for Army and Air Force war gaming simulation
Figure 6 Entitities, roads, rivers etc overlaid on raster map to create a war gaming a
hypothetical scenario for training
jan feb 2011 GEOINTELLIGENCE I 41
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PRODUCT PORTFOLI O
Product Name: ConnectPlus
PRODUCT FEATURE / OVERVIEW
ConnectPlus supports basic mapping, routing, and navigation
functions, and allows cross-border routing to link the
ConnectPlus road network to MultiNet (another map product
by Tele Atlas) covered areas.
Contact Details
mark.forentino@tomtom.com
Software Products
GIS component >>
Product Name: GeoMedia
Te GeoMedia product suite is a set of well-integrated
applications that provide the full breadth of geospatial
processing capabilities to customers. It can access geospatial
data in almost any form and has a broad set of powerful
analytic and editing tools.
Contact Details
http://www.intergraph.com/contact/default.aspx
Product Name: ArcGIS Defense Solutions
ArcGIS Military Analyst: ArcGIS Military Analyst provides
display and analysis tools to support defense and intelligence
planning.
Military Overlay Editor: Military Overlay Editor (MOLE)
provides MIL-STD-2525B symbology for defense and
intelligence mapping and visualization.
Grid Manager: Grid Manager is a suite of tools for creating
multiple grids, graticules, and borders for a variety of map
products.
Contact Details
380 New York Street
Redlands, CA 92373-8100, USA
Tel: 909-793-2853
Data providers
Satellite Imagery >>
Product Name: AssuredLook
AssuredLook extends temporal coverage of important sites
beyond standard collection capabilities to provide relevant and
timely information necessary for assessments and informed
decision-making.
Contact Details
http://www.digitalglobe.com/index.php/15/Support
Product Name: High-resolution Satellite Imagery
Products and Information Services
GeoEye owns and operates the worlds highest resolution
satellite, GeoEye-1, which provides users with the high quality
satellite imagery available. GeoEye-1 provides 41 cm (16 in)
panchromatic and 1.65 m (5.4 ft) multispectral imagery in
15.2 km (9.4 mi) swaths.
Contact Details
Andy Stephenson, Sr. Director, Regional Sales Asia
Email: Stephenson.andy@geoeye.com Phone: +65.6232.2970
www.geoeye.com
Navigation data >>
Product Name: Navteq Maps
NAVTEQ is the leading global provider of location content
in the form of maps, traf c and location data that enables
navigation, location-based services and mobile advertising
around the world. NAVTEQ maps span 84 countries and
territories on six continents. NAVTEQ is headquartered in
Chicago, IL, USA, with approximately 5,600 employees
worldwide located in 213 of ces in 50 countries.
Contact Details
Pooja Goyal +91 95604 00467
Bentley Map: Comprehensive GIS software used to create,
Edit, Analyze and Publish geospatial data in 2D and 3D with
Geometric level accuracy.
Bentley Descartes: High Quality Imaging software used
for Raster to Vector Conversion, Image enhancements and
manipulations, Auto conversions etc.
GEOPAK Site: A comprehensive digital Terrain Modeling tool
for create, edit, Analyze and Visualize terrain data in 3D.
Bentley Geospatial Server: An Enterprise level Geospatial
tool for Data Archiving, Manage, Secure, Authenticate and
Collaboration.
Geo Web Publisher: A web-based GIS software for Web
publishing of GIS data with high quality streaming.
Contact Info
Bentley Systems India Pvt. Ltd.
+91-11-4902 1100
Contact Details
Abhinav Sapru
Account Manager and
Pranav Chaturvedi
Regional Account Manager
Product Name: Autodesk GIS Design Server
Autodesk GIS Design Server is an enterprise spatial data (GIS)
server that provides sophisticated data integrity, management,
and analysis capabilities for organisations that need multiple
users to work concurrently on a single seamless spatial database
that can also store nonspatial data.
Autodesk GIS Design Server stores and manages intelligent
maps and designs within a nonproprietary Oracle
database, providing access to this data via desktop
(AutoCAD Map 3D software) and web (Autodesk MapGuide
software).
Contact Details
gis.design.server@autodesk.com
Tel: +1-613-755-5020
Image Processing >>
Product Name: ERDAS IMAGINE / ERDAS APOLLO
ERDAS IMAGINE incorporates geospatial image processing
and analysis, remote sensing and GIS capabilities into a
powerful, convenient package. ERDAS APOLLO is the
market-leading geospatial solution for managing and serving
imagery, consistently delivering virtually any digital object in
an enterprise faster, and with less hardware than competing
server-based products.
Contact Details
Amber Chambers,
Tel.: 770-776-3400;
Email: info@erdas.com
Product Name: GeoImaging Accelerator (GXL)
Technology
GXL-Satellite technology combines high-performance
computing with PCI Geomatics expertise to provide signifcant
improvements in automation, speed and ef ciency. By
optimizing and distributing automated workfows, traditional
imageprocessing is elevated to industrial-strength production.
Contact Details
PCI Geomatics Headquarters
50 West Wilmot Street, Richmond Hill,
Ontario, Canada L4B 1M5
Phone: (905) 764-0614, Fax: (905) 764-9604
Email: info@pcigeomatics.com
Product Name: ENVI
Te ENVI product family provides a variety of software
solution for processing and analysing geospatial imagery.
ENVI solutions combine the latest spectral image processing
and image analysis technology with an intuitive, user-friendly
interface to help get meaningful information from imagery.
Te ENVI product family Includes: ENVI; ENVI for ArcGIS
Server; ENVI Modules; ENVI EX; and SARScape.
Contact Details
Tel: 303-413-3920
http://www.ittvis.com/Support.aspx
Product Name: IGIS
IGIS provides the following: Image rectifcation and geometric
registration; Image enhancement; Image processing; Image
classifcation; Image analysis; Image interpretation;and
Hyperspectral data processing and analysis.
Contact Details
Col. A K Singh
Email: aksingh@scanpointgeomatics.com
Product Name: OrthoMaster
OrthoMaster generates high quality orthophotos, that is,
digital images with constant scale, using digital aerial images,
their exterior orientations and digital terrain models (DTMs)
as the source data. It comes with a built-in gridding module,
for generating DTMs on-demand, from a set of arbitrarily
distributed XYZ points and break lines. It is designed for
processing the most demanding photogrammetric projects
with block sizes of 20,000 images and even more.
Contact Details
Smaragdweg 1, 70174 Stuttgart, Germany
Phone: +49-711-228810
E-mail: sales@inpho.de
Photogrammetry >>
Product Name: LPS
LPS is a powerful, workfow-oriented photogrammetry system
for production mapping, including full analytical triangulation,
the generation of digital terrain models, orthophoto
production, mosaicking, and 3D feature extraction.
Contact Details
Amber Chambers, ERDAS,
Tel.: 770-776-3400;
Email: info@erdas.com
Product Name: SOCET GXP software
SOCET GXP software is a geospatial-intelligence software
package that uses imagery from satellite and aerial sources to
identify and analyse ground features quickly, allowing for rapid
product creation. Te software is used to document geographic
attributes in images and live video feeds and establish patterns
of activity over time, which broadens analytical expertise.
Contact Details
Mr Rajnish Bhatia
Regional Manager Geospatial eXploitation Products,
Indian Region, Tel: +91 (11) 43412345;
Email: rajnish.bhatia@baesystems.co.in
Mr. Rob Lacey
Director, Sales and Marketing,
Geospatial eXploitation Products Asia,
Australia, and Pacifc Rim (APAC)
BAE Systems Australia; Tel: +61 (2) 6229 1665;
Email: rob.lacey@baesystems.com
Lidar >>
Product Name: Lynx Mobile Mapper
Lynx Mobile Mapper generates rich survey-grade lidar and
image data from moving vehicles at highway speeds. It
delivers high-accuracy urban environment data; engineering-
grade applications and solutions; unprecedented detail for
rail asset management; rapid 3D data mapping of highways,
infrastructure and buildings.
Contact Details
300 Interchange Way, Vaughan, Ontario L4K 5Z8
Tel: 905-660-0808
www.optech.ca
Product Name: LIDAR Ceilometers CHM 15k
Te CHM 15k and CHM 15k-x ceilometers of the CHM 15k
product family measure highly resolved laser backscatter data
from atmospheric aerosols or droplets using LIDAR. From
the measured data aerosol height profles, cloud base heights,
penetration depths, mixing layer height, vertical visibility and
cloud amount are determined. Within their operating range of
up to 15 kilometers (50,000 feet), the CHM 15k ceilometers
reliably detect multiple cloud layers and cirrus clouds.
Contact Details
JENOPTIK AG
Carl-Zeiss-Strasse 1, 07739 Jena, Germany
Phone +49 3641 65-1000 Fax +49 36 41 424514
Product Name: LiDAR Compressor
LiDAR Compressor compresses your LiDAR data to the
industry standard MrSID format, trusted as a raster format by
geospatial professionals since 1992 and supported in virtually
all GIS applications. With 2009s release of LiDAR Compressor
LizardTech unveiled a new and improved version of the
format, MrSID Generation 4 (MG4). Its still LizardTech and
its still MrSID, so you know youre using the highest quality
fle format with the most advanced compression technology
available. MG4 is already supported in Global Mapper, MARS
and ArcGIS 3D Analyst, and more third-party support is on
the way.
Contact Details
Alistair Maclenan
alistair@lizardtech.com
Product Name: Fugro EarhData LiDAR
Fugro EarthData operates multiple airborne LiDAR sensors
to provide a full complement of solutions that meet customer
needs for fast and accurate elevation data. Trough constant
improvements to our sensors, processing software, and
production techniques, Fugro EarthData is a LiDAR mapping
leader. Applications for our LiDAR mapping services include
foodplain mapping, forest inventory, transportation and
utility corridor mapping, land-use/land-cover classifcation,
3D urban modeling, and line-of-sight analysis, among others.
Contact Details
Kim Hansen
khansen@earthdata.com
Product Name: Intermap Technologies LiDAR
Intermap Technologies LiDAR / optical data services
provides accurate and seamlessly fused mapping products
for commercial and government resource management and
planning applications at scales of 1:10K or greater. Our
services help you maximize your spatial data investment by
ensuring that the scale of your data is matched to your unique
requirements, and that your existing or newly acquired datasets
are seamless and consistent.
Tis allows you to focus on using the data to build geospatial
solutions, rather than taking the time to resolve diferences
between the multiple datasets needed for your mapping
program. Our LiDAR / optical data services allow you to
obtain more coverage while providing the appropriate accuracy
and resolution needed to match the varying requirements of
your project area.
Contact Details
Intermap Technologies, Inc.
Level 16, 1 Sentral
Jln. Stesen Sentral 5, 50470 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Phone: +60-3-20929473 Fax: +60-3-20929201
info@intermap.com
Database >>
Product Name: Oracle Spatial 11g
Often referred as Spatial, it is an integrated set of functions
and procedures that enables spatial data to be stored, accessed,
retrieved and update in an Oracle database.
Contact Details
Oracle Corporation, 500 Oracle Parkway
Redwood Shores, CA 94065
Tel: +1.650.506.7000
Product Name: Microsoft SQL Server 2008
Microsoft SQL Server 2008 features include: Store large and
complex spatial objects; seamlessly incorporates spatial data
into line-of-business applications; simple projection and
zoom/pan capabilities for quick investigation; and uses spatial
standards support to integrate applications
Contact Details
http://support.microsoft.com/contactus
Product Name: IBM Maximo Spatial Asset
Management
Built to work with Java components in ESRIs ArcGIS Server,
IBM Maximo Spatial Asset Management provides users with
the facility to capture, analyse and display assets, locations and
work orders in a geospatial perspective. Further, it can leverage
data from virtually any external GIS data source.
Contact Details
http://www.ibm.com/contact/us/en
Hardware Products
Surveying >>
Product Name: Trimble S8 Total Station
It provides the following: Video-assisted control; Video-assisted
documentation; Long-range accuracy; Trimble FineLock technology
allows the instrument to detect targets without interference from
surrounding prisms for precision-build applications
Contact Details
http://www.trimble.com/contacts.shtml
Product Name: Series50X
Te Series50X total stations provide exceptionally dependable
performance at afordable costs. Extended measuring
range, increased measurement speed, feld-proven accuracy,
all-weather dependability, easy-to-use powerful onboard
software, and a variety of data management capabilities -- all
the advanced features are packaged in a tough and compact
body.
Contact Details
Sokkia Singapore Positioning Sales Pte Ltd
60 Alexandra Terrace, #08-27 Te Comtech,
Singapore 118502
Tel: +65 6479 3966 Fax: +65 6479 4966
Cameras >>
Product Name: Leica RCD30
60 MP single camera head delivers co-registered, multispectral
RGBN imagery 2D mechanical motion compensation along
two axis Ruggedized and thermal stabilized lens system with
innovative bajonet mount and user replaceable central shutter
Modular concept for single standalone and multihead-
confgurations Full integration with Leica ALS LIDAR and
other third party sensors
Contact Details
Leica Geosystems AG
Ruediger Wagner
Heinrich Wild-Strasse, CH-9435 Heerbrugg
Phone: +41 71 727 31 31, Fax: +41 71 726 46 74
http://di.leica-geosystems.com
Product Name: DMC II250 Camera System
Intergraph is a world leader in providing photogrammetric
solutions that support the earth imaging requirements of
mAy jun 2011 GEOINTELLIGENCE I 47
our customers, from data acquisition to exploitation and
data distribution. Now, Intergraph introduces the DMC II
camera family, Z/I Imagings next generation sensors. Te
new DMC II camera family uses the RMK D as a common
basic platform. Te DMC II250 is a large-format narrow angle
camera based on a 250 MPixel single monolithic PAN camera
head.
Contact Details
http://www.intergraph.com/contact/default.aspx
Product Name: Microsoft UltraCam Eagle
Te Microsoft UltraCam Eagle represents a revolution
in digital photogrammetric camera systems and sets new
industry standards for digital aerial photography, enabling
customers to soar to new heights with their mapping
projects. UltraCam Eagle builds on the award-winning
UltraCam legacy and reputation; Microsoft has further
developed nearly every component of the camera, while still
delivering a reliable and economical solution that captures
breathtaking images
Contact Details
Anzengrubergasse 8
8010 Graz, Austria
Main Phone: +43 316 84 90 66 0,
Fax: +43 316 84 90 66 999
Email: mpsinfo@microsoft.com
Plotters and Scanners >>
Product Name: HP Designjet T1200 HD
Take advantage of an integrated scanning, copying,
and printing experience. Enhance the productivity with
fast, right-click printing, and high-quality color for all
jobsfrom fne lines to photographs and everything in
between.
Contact Details
http://www.hp.com/sbso/assist/index.html
Product Name: imagePROGRAF iPF825 MFP
A 44-inch wide powerhouse scan-to-copy / fle / e-mail
system designed to enhance productivity for medium to large
workgroups, with dual media rolls and high speed throughput,
the imagePROGRAF iPF825 MFP is a complete production
imaging solution. Designed for AEC, CAD and GIS technical
documents and general use, the iPF825 MFP provides a fast
and efective system for copying, archiving and distributing
maps, drawings, renderings, site and facilities management
plans, design and layout proofs, posters and more.
Contact Details
http://www.canon-asia.com/business/contact
Product Name: Contex HD3650 MFP Solution
It streamlines the workfow and maximizes printer
productivity with a common front-end that works with the
existing equipment. Tis high speed, versatile MFP solution
distributes color and monochrome printing jobs and keeps
the printers running at full speed. Highly versatile and easy
to-operate system supports up to 36-inch wide documents.
With ATAC, ALE, 48-bit color, full-sized CCD cameras and
a color-matched lamp, this system captures and copies various
media types including documents that are thick, thin, folded,
wrinkled, old and new.
Contact Details
2 Svanevang
DK-3450 Alleroed
Denmark
Phone: +45 4814 1122
Servers >>
Product Name: HP Superdome
HP Integrity Superdome can handle online transaction
48 I GEOINTELLIGENCE MAy Jun 2011
processing (OLTP), data mining, customer relationship
management, enterprise resource planning, database hosting
and high-performance computing. Tis Superdome scales to
64 processors and 128 cores with 2 TB of memory and 192 I/O
slots in a single server.
Contact Details
http://welcome.hp.com/country/us/en/contact_us.html
Product Name: zEnterprise System
Te zEnterprise is a heterogeneous compute system capable
of hosting many workloads integrated together, each one
optimised to meet individual business goals on an IT
infrastructure managed as one single entity.
Te IBM zEnterprise System includes the zEnterprise 196
(z196), the zEnterprise BladeCenter Extension (zBX) with its
integrated optimisers and/or select IBM blades and the Unifed
Resource Manager (zManager).
Contact Details
http://www.ibm.com/contact/in/en
Product Name: DELLTM PowerEdgeTM R910
Te DellTM PowerEdgeTM R910 is a high-performance
4-socket 4U rack server that features built-in reliability and
scalability for mission-critical applications.

Built-in reliability features at the CPU, memory, hardware
and hypervisor levels

Integrated systems management, Lifecycle Controller and
embedded diagnostics to help maximise uptime

Internal Dual SD Module providing superior hypervisor
redundancy
Contact Details
http://www.dell.com
The pulse of
GEOSPATIAL INDUSTRY
The premier geospatial industry magazine
with 16,000 COPIES circulated in over 140 COUNTRIES
HIGHLIGHTS
Latest news, views and analysis
Exclusive interviews with industry stalwarts
Policy and advocacy
360-degree analyses of issues
In-depth articles and unique case-studies
To subscribe to Geospatial World,
visit www.geospatialworld.net
or write to info@geospatialworld.net
May
International Military Helicopter
11-13 May, 2011
Olympia Conference Centre
London, UK
http://www.militaryhelicopterevent.com/
Event.aspx?id=421444
Geospatial Intelligence
Middle East 2011
15-18 May, 2011
Abu Dhabi
United Arab Emirates
www.geospatialdefence.com
Cyber Defence
16-17 May, 2011
Istanbul Marriott Hotel
Istanbul, Turkey.
www.smi-online.co.uk
MilSatCom Asia
23-24 May 2011
Singapore
http://www.smi-online.co.uk/events/
overview.asp?is=1&ref=3640
2nd Annual Irregular
Warfare Summit 2011
May 23 - 25, 2011
Key Bridge Marriott
Virginia, US
www.irregularwarfaresummit.com
2nd Annual Border Management
Summit Southwest
May 23 - 25, 2011
The Wyndham El Paso
Texas, USA
www.bordermanagementsummit.com
June
2nd Annual Geospatial Summit
1-3 June, 2011
Hotel Corinthia
Budapest, Hungary
http://www.emingeurope.com/
aviation-and-defence-conferences/
europe/2nd-annual-geospatial-
intelligence-summit
UDT 2011
7-9 June, 2011
ExCeL London,
London, United Kingdom
www.udt-europe.com
Soldier Technology 2011
7-10 June, 2011
Olympia Conference Centre
London, United Kingdom
www.soldiertechnology.com
GeoIntelligence Asia 2011
14-15 June, 2011
Manekshaw Centre
New Delhi, India
www.gisdevelopment.net/geointelligence
Future Artillery India
20 - 22 June, 2011
Le Mridien
New Delhi, India
www.FutureArtilleryIndia.com
Unmanned Systems Asia 2011
June 23-24, 2011
PARKROYAL on Beach Road
Singapore
http://www.unmannedsystemsasia.com/
Event.aspx?id=443582
International Defence Logistics and
Support
June 27 - 29, 2011
Le Plaza, Brussels
Belgium
www.wbresearch.com/
internationaldefencelogistics/home.aspx
July
Situational Awareness & Combat ID
July 11 - 12, 2011
Mayfair Conference Centre
London, UK
http://www.sa-combatid.co.uk/Event.
aspx?id=484464
9th Annual Military Satellites
July 12 - 14, 2011
America Square Conference Centre
London, UK
http://www.milsatellites.com/Event.
aspx?id=489790
Non-Traditional ISR 2011
July 13 - 14, 2011
Hesperia London Victoria
London, UK
http://www.nt-isr.com/Event.
aspx?id=480378
September
Cyber Warfare Europe 2011
September 27-28, 2011
Berlin Marriott Hotel
Berlin, Germany
http://www.cyberwarfare-europe.com
Future Mortar Systems 2011
September 27 - 28, 2011
Sheraton Park Lane Hotel
London, UK
http://www.future-mortars.co.uk/
GDI APAC: Geospatial Defence &
Intelligence APAC
September 28-29, 2011
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
http://www.geospatialdefenceasia.com
October
ISDEF 2011
October 31 - November 2, 2011
Israel Trade Fair & Convention Center
Tel Aviv, Israel
www.isdef.co.il
EVENTS
50 I GEOINTELLIGENCE MAY JUN 2011
I MAGE I NTELLI GENCE
Sudan boils again
As per the January referendum,
Southern Sudan is going to be an
independent country on July 9,
2011. However, on May 19, 2011,
ghting broke out among northern
and southern forces in the region
when the former accused the
latter of ambushing a UN convoy
carrying its troops. In retaliation,
northern troops attacked and took
control of Abyei (much disputed
region between the two sides), a
move condemned by the UN as a
breach of the 2005 Comprehensive
Peace Agreement. Both the forces
want to control Abyei. The conict
is now threatening to turn into a
full-edged war, endangering the
peace agreement that was signed
in 2005.
Image Courtesy: DigitalGlobe

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