VAJIRAM IAS TEST SERIES

GENERAL STUDIES 2012 G.S. TEST 10 FINAL TEST (22-04-12) ANSWERS & EXPLANATIONS

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30.

(c) (b) (b) (d) (a) (c) (d) (c) (b) (b) (c) (b) (b) (b) (c) (c) (d) (b) (d) (c) (a) (d) (d) (b) (c) (b) (a) (d) (c) (a)

31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60.

(c) (b) (d) (a) (d) (d) (a) (c) (d) (d) (d) (b) (d) (b) (d) (c) (b) (b) (b) (a) (b) (a) (d) (a) (d) (b) (d) (a) (d) (c)

61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90.

(a) (d) (d) (c) (c) (c) (d) (b) (d) (b) (b) (b) (d) (b) (c) (d) (d) (c) (b) (c) (a) (d) (d) (b) (b) (b) (d) (d) (d) (a)

91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99. 100. 101. 102. 103. 104. 105. 106. 107. 108. 109. 110. 111. 112. 113. 114. 115. 116. 117. 118. 119. 120.

(a) (b) (c) (c) (a) (b) (a) (a) (b) (c) (a) (b) (a) (c) (d) (d) (c) (d) (d) (d) (b) (b) (b) (c) (c) (a) (b) (d) (c) (b)

121. 122. 123. 124. 125. 126. 127. 128. 129. 130. 131. 132. 133. 134. 135. 136. 137. 138. 139. 140. 141. 142. 143. 144. 145. 146. 147. 148. 149. 150.

(a) (d) (c) (c) (d) (a) (b) (c) (d) (d) (c) (b) (d) (c) (a) (a) (a) (d) (d) (b) (a) (a) (d) (d) (c) (d) (a) (c) (d) (b)

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EXPLANATIONS 1. The Joint Committee was first constituted to frame rules under the Salaries and Allowances of Members of Parliament Act, 1954. It consists of 10 members from Lok Sabha and 5 from Rajya Sabha. The members of the Joint Committee elect its Chairman. The Joint Committee is a standing Committee of Parliament and a member of that Committee holds office as such member for one year from the date of his nomination. The Committee determines its own rules of procedure. Ecad: is a population of individuals which although belong to the same genetic stock but differ markedly in vegetative characters such as size, shape, number of leaves etc. These variations are simply environmentally induced and are reversible. Ecotone: Zone of transition between two different communities. 4. Akho/Akha Bhagat was a medieval period Gujarati poet who wrote in the tradition of Bhakti movement. Akbarnama was commissioned by Akbar and written in Persian by court historian Abul Fazl, containing a number of paintings supporting the text. 6. Photochemical smog, first described in the 1950s, is the chemical reaction of sunlight, nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere. Photochemical smog is therefore considered to be a problem of modern industrialization. It is present in all modern cities, but it is more common in cities with sunny, warm, dry climates and a large number of motor vehicles. Because it travels with the wind, it can affect sparsely populated areas as well. The Sanyasi and Fakir rebellions in Bengal:- Sanyasi or Fakir refers to a large body of ascetics both Hindu sannyasis and Muslim madaris, religious fakirs that travelled from North India to different parts of Bengal to visit shrines. On route to the shrines, it was customary for many of these holy men to exact a religious tax from the headmen and zamindars or regional landlords. In times of prosperity, the headmen and zamindars generally obliged. However, since the East India Company received the diwani or right to collect tax, many of the tax demands increased and the local landlords and headmen were unable to pay both the ascetics and the English. Crop failures, and famine, which killed ten million people or an estimated one-third of the population of Bengal compounded the problems since much of the arable land lay fallow. In 1771, 150 fakirs were put to death, apparently for no reason. This was one of the reasons that caused distress leading to violence, especially in Natore in Rangpur, now in modern Bangladesh. To the British, both the Hindu and Muslim ascetics were looters to be stopped from collecting money that belonged to the Company and possibly from even entering the province. It was felt that a large body of people on the move was a possible threat. When the Company's forces tried to prevent the sannyasis and fakirs from entering the province or from collecting their money in the last three decades of the 18th century, fierce clashes often ensued, with the Company's forces not always victorious. Most of the clashes were recorded in the years following the famine but they continued, albeit with a lesser frequency, up until 1802. The reason that even with superior training and forces, the Company was not

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able to suppress sporadic clashes with migrating ascetics was that the control of the Company's forces in the far-removed hilly and jungle covered districts like Birbhum and Midnapore on local events was weak. The Sannyasi rebellion was the first of a series of revolts and rebellions in the Western districts of the province including (but not restricted to) the Chuar Revolt of 1799 and the Santal Revolt of 185556. What effect the Sannyasi Rebellion had on rebellions that followed is debatable. Perhaps, the best reminder of the Rebellion is in literature, in the Bengali novel Anandamath, written by India's first modern novelist Bankim Chandra Chatterjee. 8. Epiphytes are generally characteristic of Tropical Rainforest. These are plants which grow on others to climb to a height to get sunlight. The other three represents Xerophytic adaptations: (i) Spines replacing leaves; and (ii) Succulents: Plants with fleshy stems; and (iii) Taproots to seek water from deeper layers of soil. 9. 10. India is not the only country which recruits the nationals of Nepal, as United Kingdom also recruits them. When the firm of a country imports goods for the purpose of exporting the same to the firms of some other country with or without making any change, it is known as entrepot trade or re-export trade for that country. For example, if an Indian company imports rubber from Thailand and exports it to Japan then it is called Entrepot trade for India. Now you must be thinking, why India comes between Thailand and Japan. Why doesnt Japan directly imports rubber from Thailand? Let us see what could be the possible reasons for this. A country cannot import goods directly from others because of the following reasons: The exporting country may not have any accessible trade routes connecting the importing country; or The goods imported may require processing or finishing before exporting. And these facilities may be lacking in the exporting or importing countries; There may not be any trade agreement between both the countries. 11. Composition of the Press Council of India according to the Press Council Act 1978. The Press Council shall consist of a Chairman and twenty-eight other members. The Chairman shall be a person nominated by a Committee consisting of the Chairman of the Council of States (Rajya Sabha), the Speaker of the House of the People (Lok Sabha) and a person elected by the members of the Council. Iris is that part of the eye which is responsible for one's eye color. It acts like the diaphragm of a camera, dilating and constricting the pupil to allow more or less light into the eye. Vinaya Patrika is a devotional poem composed by the 16th-century Indian poet, Goswami Tulsidas containing hymns to different Hindu deities especially to Lord Rama in extreme humility. Vinaya Patrika is an important work of medieval Hindi

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Literature and Bhakti movement. The language of the text is Braj Bhasha, a dialect of Hindi. Bijak is the holy scripture for followers of the Kabirpanthi religion. It is one of the earliest of the major texts in modern Hindi. The term Bijak is derived from Bija, meaning a document containing sacred texts. Bhavartha Ramayan is a Marathi translation of Ramayan, done by Eknath in 16th century. The story of Bhramara Geet is found in Bhagavata Purana and poets like Surdas, Nandadas and Jagannath Prasad Ratnakar have adapted it into Hindi Literature. It is a beautiful exposition of vipralambha srngara found in the Purana. Taking a bumblebee (bhramara) as the messenger of Lord Krishna, a gopi (considered by many as Radha herself) confides her feelings and conveys her pangs of separation from the Lord. 14. Alpha Diversity: This refers to number of species in a single community. This diversity comes closest to the popular concept of species richness. Gamma Diversity: This is defined as the rate at which additional species are encountered as geographical replacements within a habitat type in different localities. 15. Fort William College was an academy and learning centre of Oriental studies established by Lord Wellesley in 1800 within the Fort William complex in Calcutta. During the tenure of Warren Hastings as the Governor General of India from 1773 to 1785, Pitts India Act, an Act of the Parliament of Great Britain was passed in 1784, to address the shortcomings of the Regulating Act of 1773 by bringing the East India Company's rule in India under the control of the British Government. 16. Since 2002, Foreign investment in the film sector has been considerably liberalized, by allowing 100% FDI (foreign direct investment) in Indian companies that are involved in film financing, production, distribution, exhibition, marketing and/ or associated activities relating to the film industry. India allows FDI in defence sector up to 26% and is considering to allow FDI up to 74%. The Government's support to the Central plan is called the Gross Budgetary Support. The GBS includes the tax receipts and other sources of revenue raised by the Government. In the recent years the GBS has been slightly more than 50% of the total Central Plan. The Planning Commission aggregates and puts forward the demand by various administrative Ministries in a consolidated form to the Finance Ministry for the budgetary support required from the Government. Extinct: Species that are no longer known to exist in the wild. Endangered: species that have a high likelihood of going extinct in the near future. Vulnerable: species that may become endangered in the near future because populations of the species are decreasing in size.

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Rare: Species that have small total numbers of individuals often due to limited geographical ranges or low population densities. 22. Myron Leon "Mike" Wallace (died April 7, 2012) was an American journalist, game show host, actor, and media personality. Alexander (Sndor Krsi) Csoma was a Hungarian philologist and orientalist, author of the first Tibetan-English dictionary and grammar book while living at Zangla Monastery in Zanskar in 1823. In 1831, he settled in Calcutta, where he compiled his Tibetan Grammar and Dictionary and catalogued the Tibetan works in the library of the Asiatic Society. De Krs is widely seen as the founder of Tibetology. Martin Wolf, is a British journalist, widely considered to be one of the world's most influential writers on economics. He is the associate editor and chief economics commentator at the Financial Times. Lloyd Craig Blankfein is currently the CEO and Chairman of Goldman Sachs. 23. 26. All these are a majority of VAS revenues area for Telecom Operators as per Annual Report of Telecom Ministry 2012. Biological magnification often refers to the process whereby certain substances such as pesticides or heavy metals move up the food chain, work their way into rivers or lakes, and are eaten by aquatic organisms such as fish, which in turn are eaten by large birds, animals or humans. The substances become concentrated in tissues or internal organs as they move up the chain. Bio-accumulants are substances that increase in concentration in living organisms as they take in contaminated air, water, or food because the substances are very slowly metabolized or excreted. Total nuclear power production as percentage of Total electricity generation is as follows:Slovak Republic 51%, Hungary 42%, Sweden 38%, India 3%.

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Jaunsari tribe is found around Dehradun. Jamatia tribe is concentrated in forest areas of South Tripura. Nishis tribe of Arunachal Pradesh practice shifting cultivation.

37. 46.

Large-sized trees with dense population do not necessarily mean that the forests would be more efficient in terms of primary production than a pond. It is in line with WTOs Hong Kong Ministerial Mandate. India has concluded 5 Limited Scope PTAs, 10 FTAs. India-Japan CEPA is latest to come into force from August 1, 2011. The first census (non synchronous) was in 1872. The first synchronous census was in 1881.

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49. 50.

GSLV-D3 mission failed, which was to put GSAT-4 into GTO. Mandana is a folk art of Rajasthan. Barpetas Bhortal Nritya is known to have been developed by Narhari Burha Bhakat, a well-known Sastriya artist. Gundecha Brothers received conventional university education and learned the Dhrupad vocal art under the renowned Dhrupad vocalist Ustad Zia Fariduddin Dagar and also with Ustad Zia Mohiuddin Dagar (the distinguished performer of Veena) in Dhrupad Kendra, Bhopal.

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It was enacted in 1995. 96% of the land covered with ice in the world is in Antarctica and Greenland. Antarctica represents about 85% of worlds land-ice total. Haripur is in West Bengal. Naqshbandi Silsila flourished in India during the Mughal period. SMRSat is to address the problem of global warming. Operation Hakka is an anti naxal operation undertaken in Chhattisgarh. Operation Good Samaritan is undertaken in Nagaland and Arunachal Pradesh. As Earth and its Moon orbit the Sun together as a system, they rotate around the centre of mass for the Earth-Moon System. It is located within Earths Mantle at a point about 4700 metre from our planets centre. NCMRWF NOIDA IITM Pune O2 is 46% whereas Silicon is 28% of Earths Crust by weight. Aurorae are created when streams of charged particles from the Sun collide with molecules of air in the upper atmosphere and are deflected towards the magnetic poles. Density of moist air is less than dry air. Refractive Index = (R.I.) Speed of light in air Speed of light in medium

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Yellow Book, page 69. Solifluction: A special form of creep that produces a distinction surface appearance, is SOLIFLUCTION (meaning Soil Flowage), process largely restricted to high altitude and high latitude Tundra Landscape. During the summer, the near-surface portion of the ground (called the active layer) thaws, but the melt-water cannot percolate deeper because of the Permafrost below. The spaces between the soil particles become saturated, and the heavy surface material sags slowly downslope. Food and Nutrition Board is in the Ministry of Women and Child Development.

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Lepakshi temple represents Vijayanagara style of architecture. It is famous for Indias biggest monolithic nandi and famed hanging pillars. Sajjangarh Palace also known as Monsoon Palace is a hilltop palatial residence in Udaipur, overlooking the lake Pichola, named after Maharana Sajjan Singh of Mewar dynasty. 100. There were 18 Siddhas according to tradition of whom Agasthiyar was the topmost. Its basic concepts are similar to those of Ayurveda. Nagarjuna was an important Buddhist teacher and philosopher. He is credited with founding Madhyamaka School of Mahayana Buddhism apart from developing the philosophy of Prajnaparamita sutra. He was also associated with Nalanda University and gave the concept of Shunyta (emptiness). 101. Pantanal: Swampy lowland in Western Brazil and bordering Bolivia and north Paraguay. 106. MDR TB Not affected by one or more of the antibiotics used to treat TB. XDR TB Extensively drug resistant TB. XXDR TB Extremely drug resistant TB. TDR Totally Drug Resistant TB. MDR XDR XXDR TDR 107. Taifu Japan Nowaki Japan (in olden days) Typhoons Seas Off China 114. CT Scan uses X-rays. 116. The cost of AKASH is US $35. Datawind is a U.K. based Company. 120. NIC and US General Services Administration are working together on combining and expanding the best features of India.gov.in and the US data.gov websites. The purpose of the platform is to enhance access and use of government data to foster innovation, improve delivery of government services for interested countries and cities around the world and promote government transparency, accountability and public participation. 132. Orbital Velocity (v) = VA/VB = R/4R 3V/V2 = R/4R V2 = 6V 134. C/5 = F-32/9 C = F-32/9 x 5 = 140-32 x 5 9 = 60 C. On Centigrade scale, boiling point of water is 100 C. Therefore the fall in temperature registered by the centigrade thermometer is

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= 100 60 = 40 C. 135. Sclerophyllous Vegetation: Typically scrub, but also forest, in which the leaves of the trees and shrubs are evergreen, hard, thick, leathery and usually small. These adaptations allow the plants to survive the pronounced hot, dry season of the Mediterranean type climate in which sclerophyllous is best developed. 149. Although the land area comprises much less than Ocean area, it still produces double of what Ocean does, as much of Ocean is essentially desert.