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COEXRIGHT DEPOSIT.

PAINT AND STAIN

FORMULAS
BY

ALONZO

A.

GOODYEAR

COPYRIGHT,
by

1922

ALONZO AUGUSTUS GOODYEAR

CARLISLE
,PA.

TT510

PRESS OF
(ARTZEUL.
CARl-ISl-E,

BROS.
PA.

OCT -9 V322

IC1.A686193

^'

O
.^

INDEX
Page.
2 to 15

'^Mahogany Formulas

0.ak

Wood Formulas

16 to 24 25 to 29

Mahogany, Cherry and Walnut

Matple

Wood
Oil Stain

30 31 to 34
35 to 37
37 to 38

Oak Wood and Walnut

French Polishing
Vlajmish

Remover
Cleaned

Stone

Sills

38
39
39

Golden Oak Filler

Apothecaries Weight

Avoirdupois Weight
Putty Formula

39
39 to 40 40 to 41
41 to 42 42

Waxing Floors
Flat Wall Painting

Enameling
Mixing Paints
43
for Graining
toi

71

Ground Colors

71
72

Walnut, Golden Oak

Prime Coat Formula

Paint Formulas
Colors, Tints

72
73 to 80

and Base

81 to 84
85

Walls, Ceiling, StencU

FRONTISPIECE
This book
is

made up

entirely of paint

and stain

formulas, and contains

much

valuable information

for the furniture finisher and the house painter.

I

am

sure that

its

value will be

much more

apprethis

ciated

when you become acquainted with

the most accurate way.

method of ''weighing out" for stains and

which
is

paints,

Digitized by the Internet Archive

in

2010 with funding from

Sloan Foundation

http://www.archive.org/details/paintstainformulOOgood

MAHOGANY FORMULAS
Use Lockwood's Prepared Wood Stain Powders,
314 West 14th Street,

New

York.
1

No.

Mahogany
1 1 1 1 1
oz.,

for Birch

oz.,

5 drachms, 1 scruple of scarlet. 2 R. L. 2 drachms, 2 scruples of nigrosine. J. B. oz. of orange yellow oz. of honduras brown
gal.

water

fill

with brown
No. 2

filler.

6 6
1/2

oz. oz. oz.

Mahogany Standard mahogany brown mahogany red bismark brown

water.

qts.

No. 3

Light

Brown Mahogany

2%
1/2

oz. of

brown mahogany red drachm of walnut crystal

oz.

of honduras

qts. of

water.

No. 4 Mahogany Standard for Birch

6 8
1
oz. of oz. of

mahogany brown mahogany red

water.
2

gal. of

No. 5

1%
20
1

oz.

Mahogany Brown honduras brown

J.

oz. nigrosine.

B.

grains picric acid gal. water.

No. 6 2^4
oz.

Mahogany Brown Adam honduras brown

J.

oz. nigrosine.

B.

gal. water.

No. 7
lO^/o oz.

Mahogany honduras brown

water.

Special

6
41/0

qts.

No. 8
oz. oz.

4 2

mahogany red mahogany brown

water.

gal.

3%
5 2

oz.

No. 9 bismark brown

oz.

mahogany red
water.

gal.

No. 10

6%
4
1

oz.

oz.

mahogany brown mahogany red

hot water.

gal.

For birch wood.

No. 11

Toona Mahogany

%
2
1

oz. caustic soda oz. spirit of nitre

oz. honduras gal. water.

brown
3

No. 12
2 oz. oz. 4 IV2 oz. bichromate of potash gal. water. 1 No. 13

Toona on Birch mahogany red mahogany brown

2
1 1

oz.

Antique Mahogany honduras brown

oz.

mahogany red
hot water.

gal.

No. 14 Standard Mahogany

6 6
1/1,

oz. oz. oz.

mahogany red mahogany brown

napthol yellow water. No. 15

gal.

Adam Brown Mahogany

1
oz. loutre

2 3
21/0

brown drachms mahogany brown

scruples napthol yellow
gals, water.

No. 16
1
1/2

oz.

oz. gal.

Prima Vera Mahogany mahogany brown mahogany red

hot water.

No. 17

Rosewood or Dark Mahogany

1
lb.

bichromate of potash

lbs.

mahogany brown
J.

2%
2

oz. nigrosine.
oz.

B.

methyl violet
water.

33

qts.

No. 18

Sheraton Mahogany
114 oz. mahogany brown 2 drachms, 2 scruples nigrosine. 1 scruple mahogany red gal. water. 1 No. 19
Spirit

J.

B.

Brown Mahogany

3
1

oz.

bismark brown

oz. nigrosine, soluble in alcohol

qts. alcohol.

No. 20

Brown Mahogany or Antique Walnut

1
1 oz. loutre
oz.

brown

1
1/2

walnut crystals oz. honduras brown

qts.

napthol yellow water.

No. 21

Mahogany Wood
1

1%
2
1

drachm honduras brwn drachms orange yellow drachms black walnut

oz.

qts.

No. 79 loutre brown. water. No. 22

4985

Mahogany Wood
2
1 1

drachms nigrosine. J. B. drachm orange yellow

drachm, 5 grains honduras brown
%,
qt.

water.
5

No. 23

Mahogany Wood
drachm nigrosine. J. B. scruples honduras brown 1 scruple canary yellow V> pt. water.
i/o

11/2

No. 24
oz. loutre

1/2

scruples scruple orange yellow 2-3 qt. water.

1/2

Mahogany Wood brown honduras brown

No. 25

21/2

scruples scruple canary yellow 1/2 oz. loutre brown 1^/4 Qts. water.
1/2

Mahogany Wood honduras brown

No. 26
2
11/2

drachms
pt.

scruples water.

Mahogany Wood brown honduras brown

loutre

No. 27

Mahogany Wood
2 2 3

drachms walnut crystals drachms loutre brown scruples honduras brown

No. 28

lU) pts. water.

2 3
1

Mahogany Wood loutre brown drachms scruples honduras brown

qt.

water.
6

No. 29

Mahogany Wood
2 drachms loutre brown 2 scruples honduras brown 114 pts. water. No. 30

Mahogany Wood
scruple walnut crystals scruple honduras brown scruple orange yellow scruples nigrosine. 5 J. B. 2-3 qts. water.
1 1 1
oz., 1/2

No. 31
2 3
1/2

Mahogany Wood drachms loutre brown scruples honduras brown

pt.

scruple walnut crystals water.

No. 32

Mahogany Wood
2 3
1

drachms loutre brown scruples honduras brown

qt.,

1 pt. water.

No. 33
2
11/2
1/2

drachms

scruples scruple canary yellow pt. water.

Mahogany Wood brown honduras brown

loutre

No. 34
2
11/2

Mahogany Wood drachms loutre brown drachms honduras brown

qt., 1/2 pt.

water.
7

No. 35

Mahogany Wood
2 3
1

drachms walnut crystals scruples honduras brown qt., Yo pt. water.

No. 36

Mahogany Wood
2 V/o

1%

No. 40

2 2 2
1

Mahogany Wood drachms loutre brown drachms honduras brown

drachms nigrosine. J. B. scruple orange yellow lyo pts. water.

No. 41

Mahogany Wood
5 4
1/2

scruples nigrosine. J. B. scruples honduras brown oz. walnut crystals

qt. w^ater.

No. 42

Mahogany Wood

%
1/2

5 5
1

oz. walnut crystals scruple canary yellow scruples honduras brown scruples nigrosine. J. B. qt. water.

No. 43

2
1/2

Mahogany Wood drachms loutre brown drachm honduras brown

scruple nigrosine. qt., 1/2 P^- water.
J.

1 1

"

B.

No. 44

Mahogany Wood
1/2

*"

1/2

ounce loutre brown scruples honduras brown scruple canary yellow

qts.

11^

water.

No. 45

Mahogany Wood
i/2

2
1/-

scruple canary yellow scruples honduras brown oz. loutre brown qt. water.

No. 46
2
1 1 1

scruples scruple orange yellow scruple, 5 gi's. brown mahogany No. 53 0.8 pt. water.

Mahogany Wood loutre brown

No. 47

Mahogany Wood
J. B. scruples nigrosine. scruples honduras brown V- oz. Walnut crystals 21/5 pts. water.

5 2

No. 48
2
11/2
1/2

Mahogany Wood loutre brown drachms scruples honduras brown

scruple canary yellow
pts. water.

VA
2
11/2
1/2

No. 49

drachms

scruples scruple canary yellow " pt. water.

Mahogany Wood brown honduras brown

loutre

No. 50
1
oz. loutre

Mahogany Wood brown

10

21/2 pts.

water.

No. 51

1
11/4

oz. loutre

Mahogany Wood brown

oz.

canary yellow
water.

21/2

pts.

No. 52

2
1
J/2

Mahogany or Walnut Wood For Queen Anne and Louis XVI Suits drachms nigrosine. J. S. drachm honduras brown drachms orange yellow
qt.

water.

No. 53

Walnut Antique
First Coat
1 1 1
oz.
oz.

bichromate potash carbonated soda

gal. water.

Second Coat
3 4
1

walnut crystals drachms nigrosine.

oz.

J.

B.

gal. water.

No. 54
IV2 oz. pyrogallic acid qts water 2 oz. carbonated soda 3 qts. water. 2 Mix separate, and then together.

No. 55
14 oz. sulphate of copper
1/2

pt.

oz.

water ammonia, 26 degrees.

11

No. 56

Mahogany Stain
6
1
lbs.

bichromate potash
water.

gal.

No. 57
11/4

oz.

1%
1

oz. gal.

mahogany brown mahogany red

water.

No. 58
12
i/>

oz.
"

Standard Brown Mahogany bichromate

oz. lye oz. lutre,

12 3
5 2 10

C 3381

drachms red mahogany drachms brown mahogany drachms nigrosine. J. B.

gals, water.

No. 59
2
1

2
1/2

scruples scarlet 2 R. L. scruple nigrosine. J. B. scruples loutre brown pt. water.

No. 60
4
1 1
i/>

scruples loutre brown scruple mahogany red scruple nigrosine. J. B. pt. water.

No. 61
1
oz.

First Coat Stain honduras brown

.q

At

2
1
1

pts.

water.
^/' iIj
i'

oz.
pt.

Second Coat honduras brown

water.

iinre.
r// .iq
t>\'

12

No. 62

Cedar Chest
2

%
^

drachms nigrosine.

J.

B.

11/2

draghm orange yellow drachms honduras brown

qt.

water.

No. 63

Red Mahogany
First Coat Stain

%
1

oz. pt.
oz.

honduras brown.
water.

1%
1/2

oz.

Second Coat honduras brown extreme bright red

water.

11/2

qts.

No. 64
2 2 6
1
Vi\

scruples scarlet scruples nigrosine. J. B. scruples loutre brown scruple mahogany red pt. water.

No. 65
2
1 1

%
2
1

scruples loutre brown scruple mahogany red scruple nigrosine. J. B. pt. water.

No. 66

drachms loutre brown scruple honduras brown

V2 pt. water.

13

No. 67

Dark Red Mahogany

1 oz.
qt.

for Birch or Poplar

Wood

First Coat

honduras brown
water.

Second Coat
4
1
oz.
qt.

honduras. water.

brown
No. 68

Red Mahogany on Birch

1
V-y

oz. oz.
qt.

First Coat honduras brown bichromate of potash

water.

12 4
1

oz.
oz.

Second Coat honduras brown bichromate of potash

water.

gal.

No. 69

Medium Red Mahogany Wood

First Coat
1 oz.
qt.

honduras brown
water.

2
1

oz.
qt.

Second Coat honduras brown

water.

No. 70

161/4-

For Touching White on Cedar Chest gi*ains honduras brown

grains scarlet grains bichromate

5 4

lyo gi'ains violet " 1 qt. water.

14

No. 71

Brown Mahogany
2
1 1

drachms nigrosine. J. B. drachm orange yellow

drachm, 1 scruple honduras brown
Qts.

1%
3
1 1

water.

Brown Mahogany
drachms walnut
oil

Oil Stain

stain

powder No. 6800

scruple oil nigrosine lumps No. 5687 pt. benzine or turpentine.

Walnut
3
1 1

Oil Stain

drachms walnut

oil

stain

powder No. 6800

drachm
pt.

nigrosine lumps No. 5687 benzine or turpentine.

oil

No. 16

Black Ebony Oil Stain

Drop Black.
If

on the greenish, add

linseed
oil,

raw

trifle of green to suit, turpentine and dryer as thinner.

No. 17

OAK WOOD
Standard Fumed Oak
First Coat carbonate of soda V2 3/2 oz. bichromate of potash " 1 gal. of water.
oz.

Second Coat
1/2

oz. nigrosine.

J.

B.

31/2 oz.

walnut crystals

2 "oz.

mahogany brown
ammonia, 26 degrees
water.

4
1

oz.

gal. of

15

No. 18

Dutch Brown
6
1
oz.

walnut crystals
No. 19

gal. of water.

li/o

oz.

Standard Jacobean 1220 H. oil soluble

benzol

oz.

21/2 oz. 4 oz.

burnt umber

lamp black ground

in oil

of turpentine IV2 qts. benzine. Gray Oaks such as silver pearls or standard First grays are produced by using this method sponge the wood so as to raise the grain, and then sand smooth, and a coat of gray stain, leave dry out and then a thin coat of white shellac, sand and fill with natural filler or sometimes with white lead filler, sand and wax either acid or water stains can be used.
1
pt.
:

Green and Blue Grays on Oak To produce a green gray on oak after the wood has been prepared in the same manner as for the
above gray:
stain and hours give it a shellac wash of orange shellac, and fill with white lead and natural paste filler, tinted with a little green paint just to tint filler; this will leave filler show up light enough as the filler should be. Prime with orange shellac and the blue stain and the yellow orange shellac will produce a very nice green gray color. And for blue gray color use white shellac instead of orange, then either varnish and rub, or wax, whichever is desired. 16

when

Stain the dried

wood with a blue water

out
for

twelve

No. 20

OAK WOOD
1 1
lb.

Jacobean Red burnt umber

turpentine.

qt.

No. 21

Fumed on Chestnut

%
1/2

oz.

oz.

First Coat bichromate of potash carbonate of soda. Second Coat

J.

%
4
1

oz. nigrosine.
oz.

B.

walnut crystals
water.

gal. of

No. 22

Antwerp
4
6 8
1 1 1
oz. oil

Oil Stain

black
oil
oil

drachms
grains
pt.

yellow light red bright

pt. boiled linseed oil

turpentine

gal. benzine.

No. 23
oz.,

V2

Austrian Oak 1 drachm honduras brown

30 30
1

grains nigrosine. J. B. grains walnut crystals gal. of water.

No. 24
1 1
oz.

1 1

Oak A mahogany brown drachm nigrosine. J. B. drachm bichromate of potash

Baronial

gal. of water.

17

No. 25 Chippendale Acid Stain

1
oz. nigrosine.
oz.
J.

B.

2 6 3

mahogany brown grains mahogany red

gals hot water.

No. 26 Baronial Oak

Yit

oz., 1

drachm honduras brown

30 30
1

"

J. B. grains nigrosine. grains walnut crystals

gal. of w^ater.

No. 27
1
oz.
oz.

Antwerp Oak mahogany brown

walnut crystals
J.

4
41/j

oz. nigrosine.

B.

31/2

g^l- of

water.

4
1
1/2

oz.

oz.
oz.
"

No. 28 Chinese Teak First Coat mahogany red napthol yellow

honduras brown
Second Coat antwerp stain powder
No. 29

3
4
1

gals, of water.
oz.

gal. of water.

Bog Oak
1
oz.

walnut crystals
J.

3
1

drachms mahogany brown

oz. nigrosine.

B.

gals, of water.

18

No. 30
Butler

Oak

%
2

lb.

Banner

lye

wood sand and apply second

10 oz. of water, sponge coat of 135 grains nigrosine. J. B. 12 grains napthol yellow 1 gal. of water.

gals, of water. Use 1 oz. of solution to

No. 31
Belgian
4
11/2

Oak

oz. oz.

walnut crystals

mahogany brown
J.

41/2

oz. nigrosine.

B.

gal.

of water.

No. 32

1 1 1

oz., 1

Hungarian Oak drachm mahogany brown drachm nigrosine. J. B.

water.

gal.

No. 33
Cathedral

Oak Old Way

2
1 1

First Coat drachms mahogany brown drachm napthol yellow

gal. of

water.

Cathedral

Oak

Second Coat
1

4
41/2

drachm mahogany brown drachms walnut crystals drachms nigrosine. J. B.

gals, of water.

19

No. 34
3
1
oz.
oz.

Oak mahogany brown

Cathedral
napthol scarlet water.

New Way

qts. of

No. 35 Early English

2 4
1
oz.

walnut crystals
J.

oz. nigrosine.

B.

14 oz.

Banner

lye

gal. 3 qts. of

water.

No. 36 Early English, Greenish Shade

1
lb.

nigrosine.

J.

B.

7
1

gal.

hot water

12

oz. picric acid oz. alcohol.

No. 37 Early English Windsor

J. B. 114 lbs. mahogany brown gal. of water. 36 No. 38 Drift Wood Old Way lbs. unslacked lime 5 gal. of water 2 Fill with zinc white colored gray.

4 oz. picric acid 6 1/2 lbs. nigrosine.

No. 39
60
1/4

60
3

Drift Wood New Way grains sulphate of iron dried J. B. oz. nigrosine. grains oxalic acid gals, of water.

20

2
1 1

oz.

No. 40 Early English Standard walnut crystals

J.

oz. nigrosine.

B.

gal. of water.

No. 41 English Oak

10
1
oz.

walnut

cryistals

14 oz.

Banner

lye

gal. of

water.

No. 42

Ebony Stain
3 2
oz. solid extract of
qts. of

logwood chips

water.

1/2

1
1/2

No. 43 Early English Antique First Coat oz. walnut crystals drachm honduras brown
oz. of lye gals, of water.

21/2

Second Coat
1/2

oz. tincture of oz. nigrosine.

iron
J.

%
i/i

B.

oz. walnut crystals gal. of water.

No. 44 Forest Green

First Coat
21/1,

oz. acid

green E.

gal. of water.

Second Coat
1/2 oz. picric acid " 1 gal. of water.

21

No. 48

Fumed Oak
First Coat 2
oz.

honduras brown

30 30
1

grains orange yellow grains napthol yellow gal. of water.

Second Coat
1/2

oz. scarlet

3 R. L.
J.

31/2

oz. nigrosine.

B.

2
1

drachms napthol yellow

gal. of

water.

No. 49

Fumed Oak
1
oz. oil

Oil

black
oil brown mahogany

30
1

grains
14 oz.
oil

pt. benzol.

No. 50

Fumed Oak
30 10
1

English

First Coat

grains orange yellow grains mahogany red pt. of water.

Second Coat
10
3

60 60
1

grains picric acid J. B. grains nigrosine. grains iron sulphate grains sulphate of soda qt. of water.

23

No. 51
G. R.

M. Standard Fumed Oak

First Coat

1/2
1/2

oz.
oz.

honduras brown

carbonate of potash g-al. of water.

Second Coat

1% 1%

oz.

drachms acid brown walnut crystals

34 oz. nigrosine. J. B. drachms napthol yellow 1 oz. sulphate brown 1 gal. of water.

Dark Red Mahogany

5
1/2

Oil Stain

drachms dark mahogany red drachm oil nigrosine lumps

pt.

14

benzine or turpentine.

Walnut for White Wood

1/2

oz. special

2
1 1 1

walnut No. 6767 drachms loutre brown walnut drachm black walnut drachm bright red mahogany No. 52
of water.

pt.

Brown Mahogany
1
1/2

for Chests

drachm nigrosine
draclim honduras brown No. 23
scruple orange yellow qts. of water.

24

Mahogany
oz., scruple walnut crystals scruple honduras brown scruple orange yellow scruples nigrosine. J. B. 5 2-3 qt. of water.

1 1

Brown Mahogany on Mahogany Wood

2^/2
11/2

drachms loutre brown drachms walnut crystals

pt.

of water.

Alcohol Stain Red

6

Mahogany
No. 350

scruples bismark brov/n. V2 pt. alcohol extra dark.

;

No. 1

Cherry Stain for Pine

2
oz.

honduras brown
napthol scarlet

10
1

oz.
oz.

bichromate of potash
water.

gal.

No. 2

Cherry Stain for Birch

2% "
1
1/2

oz. oz.

honduras brown

napthol scarlet oz. bichromate of potash gals, water. No. 3

Cherry Stain
21/2

"

%
1

drachms honduras brown drachm napthol scarlet drachm bright red mahogany
gal.

water.

25

No. 4

Cherry Stain
1 1
lb.
lb.

burnt sienna yellow ochre

No. 1

qts. turpentine.

Antique Walnut
1

2 3
2V:i

oz. walnut crystals drachms mahogany brown

qts.

scruples napthol yellow water.

No. 2

Walnut Brown for Hard Wood

12
i/o

oz. oz.

walnut crystals carbonated soda

No. 3

gal. water.

Vandyke Brown on
10
i/i

Gum

oz.

walnut crystals
J.

yo oz. nigrosine.
oz. lye

B.
]

gals, water.

No. 4

Walnut Wood
1
1 oz.

2 2 4

No. 79 loutre brown dracbm orange yellow drachms black walnut, 4985
water.

drachms honduras brown

qts., 1 pt.

For mixed

suits

where walnut and mahogany

wood are

used, full strength for mahogany posts and walnut sap, half strength for other parts and mahogany veneer.

26

No. 5

Brown Walnut
10
14,

for Soft

Wood

oz.
oz.

walnut crystals honduras brown

water.

gal.

No. 6
12
1

Standard Finishes for Walnut or Mahogany oz. walnut crystals i/2 oz. carbonated soda
gal.

water.

No. 7
12
1 1
oz.

y> oz.

walnut crystals carbonated soda

water.

oz. black, P. B.

gal.

No. 8
1
1/2

oz. loutre
oz. oz.
1/2

oz. yellow,
oz.

honduras brown No. 9803

12

sulphur brown
Babbitt's lye

6%
2 2
1

gals, water.

No. 9
oz. loutre. oz.

gal.

Indian yellow water.

No. 10

Walnut and Mahogany

1
oz. oz.

orange yellow
J.

2
1 1

oz. nigrosine.

B.

Indian yellow gal. water.

27

No. 11
1

2
1 1

oz. orange yellow oz. nigrosine. J. B.

drachm

scarlet

gal. water.

No. 12

4 2 4
21/2

Walnut Wood scruples loutre brown scruples Honduras brown

scruples acid yellow
oz.

walnut
water.

crystals.

gal.

No. 13

12
i/j.

oz.

Walnut Wood sulphur brown

water.

14
1

oz. orange yellow J. B. oz. nigrosine.

gal.

No. 14

Walnut Wood
1 1
oz.

2 2
1

walnut crystals scruple honduras brown scruples acid yellow scruples loutre brown scruple Babbitt's lye qts. water.
No. 15

1 1

drachm walnut crystals J. B. scruple nigrosine. IV2 scruples honduras brown 1/" pt. water.
28

No. 16
Italian

1
1

oz. nigrosine.

J.

B.

gal.

of water.

No. 17
1
1/2

drachm

loutre

brown

%
1 1
1/2

drachni honduras brown pt. water.

No. 18
crystals scruple nigrosine. J. B. scruple honduras brown pt. water.

drachm walnut

%
2

No. 19

Walnut
drachms nigrosine.
J.

B.

%
I/2

pt.

water.

No. 20

Walnut
1

drachm honduras brown drachm loutre brown

No. 21

V2 pt. water.

Standard American
1
1/0

oz. loutre C,
oz.
oz. "

3381

12
1/2

oz.

bro^^m mahogany, 3982 yellow H, 8903 sulphur brown Swiss

6%

oz. lye gals, water.

29

No. 23
Italian Renaissance
1

drachm,

scruple bichromate

3
1
21/2

grains lye

drachm, 1 scruple loutre grains mahogany red 4 grains brown mahogany J. B. IV2 grains nigrosine. 1 pt. water.

MAPLE
No.

Vn^OOD
1

Gray Maple
1

drachm

nigrosine.

J.

B.

5
1

4 2

gTains orange yellow oz. sulphate of iron oz. sulphate of soda gals, water. No. 2

Kaiser Gray
First Coat
1 1

drachm
qt.

oxalic acid

water.

Second Coat
1 1
oz. nigrosine.
gal., 1 pt.

J.

B.

water.

No. 3
Silver Oil Stain

colored with French Ochre, Raw Thinned raw Linseed Black. Add Oil, one-third, and Turpentine, two-thirds.

Whiting

Sienna and
drier.

Lamp

No. 1

OAK WOOD
Tobacco Brown Oak
First Coat

4
1/2

oz.
oz.

napthl yellow

honduras brown
water.

srals.

Second Coat
14
oz.
oz.

walnut crystals

1%
2

mahogany brown
5 pts. water.

gals.,

No. 2

Golden Oak Water Stain

3
1 1
oz. loutre

brown

napthol yellow gal. water.

oz.

No. 3

Fumed Oak
First Coat

2 30 30
1

oz.

bichromate of potash grains orange yellow grains napthol yellow gal. water.

Second Coat
3 " oz. nigrosine.
1
oz.

oz. scarlet

2RL.
J.

B.

2
1

walnut crystals drachms napthol yellow

water.

gal.

31

No. 4

Antwerp Oak
1
oz.

oz.

bichromate of potash sap brown powder

J.

41/2 oz. nigrosine.

B.

gals, hot water.

No. 5

Tobacco Brown (New Method)

First Coat

4
1/2

oz.

napthol yellow bichromate of potash gals, water.

oz.

Second Coat
14
oz.
oz.

1%
2

walnut crystals honduras brown

hot water.

gals., 5 pts.

No. 6

Malchike Oak
1
oz.

blue

blue

4 4

oz. acid

green

gals, water.

No. 7
Oriental

Oak

120

60
1

11/2 "

grains sulphate iron oz. sulphate of soda grains nigrosine. J. B. gal. water.

32

No. 8

Golden Oak Oil Stain

8 4
1
oz. oz.
oz.

drop black

crome yellow
burnt turkey Venetian red

umber

2
1

oz.

gal.

asphaltum
No, 9
Silver

gal. benzine.

Oak

First Coat

% %
1

oz.

honduras brown

oz.

Banner
water.

lye

gal.

Second Coat
3
1 1

antwerp powder drachm of blue X blue

oz.

gal.

water.

No. 10

Golden Oak Stain

Stain with asphaltum.
Fill

with 245

filler.

No. 11

Oak
1
oz. oil

Stain

nigrosine

2
Fill

qts. turpentine.

with burnt umber.

No. 12
Oil Stain for Poplar

Wood
oil

6
1/2

drachms dark red mahogany drachm oil nigrosine lumps

pt.

powder

turpentine or benzol.

33

No. 13

Dark Oak
Rav/ sienna

Oil Stain

Raw umber
Burnt umber.
One-third of each
;

thin with

raw

linseed

oil.

No. 14

Light Oak

Two -thirds
dryer.

rav/ sienna One-third raw umber. Thin with linseed oil a

little

turpentine, add

No. 15

Walnut
Burnt umber Vandyke brown. Thin with raw linseed

Oil Stain

oil

add dryer.

For Acid Proof Tops

Solution No. 1
1 1

analine hydrochloride ammonium chloride lbs. water.

lb.
lb.

Solution No. 2
y.y

lb. lb.

potassium, chlorate

copper sulphate
water.

lbs.

solution applied three times except the last of the second solution, and it must be scinibbed with soap and water and when dry apply a thin coat of linseed oil cut with turpentine.

Each

34

French Polishing
French polishing was a method of finishing furin some of the older countries before varnish came into existence, which seemed to be a slow and tiresome way.
niture

The idea was to take a piece of furniture and put a finish on it by rubbing it with a cloth in different motions, saturated with a liquid which had a tendency to build up a finished coat and also
polish at the

same

time.

This method is being practiced today, but only on furniture which has Jbeen varnished and become checked. This is called Frenching out checks or fixing up rough spots.

French polishing is a process of fixing up scars and blemishes which have been caused by some misfortune or recklessness, and the best results of this operation are only secured by experts, and which is a very quick way of getting a piece of furniture ready for shipment that has been marked by some reason or another.

The idea in this is pulling the varnish from one spot to cover the spot where it has been rubbed off. While doing this you are covering the spot and also polishing at the same time, and where the mark or blemish is too deep, it is necessary to stain and bum in with the proper shades of wax, which is done by the alcohol torch and knife.

When a scar or a dugout is burnt in good results are obtained by shaving the roughest of your wax down with a good sharp knife or chisel, and then using very fine sand paper and a block kept wet with benzine, which will give a nice, smooth surface if done right.
as

Polish Formula No. 1

1 1 1
1
14.

of water of linseed oil pt. of vinegar

qt.
qt.

parafine oil butter antonomy oz. rotten stone to each pint.

qt.

pt.

Polish Formula No. 2

1 1
gal.
gal.
oz.

20
12

oz.

parafine oil turpentine oil of cedar of oil of citronella.

Polish Formula No. 3

pt. spirits

of wine

2
14,

oz. oz.

14 oz. 14 gill of poppy oil. Place contents in a bottle

until dissolved.

gum benzoin gum sandarac gum anime

and put

in hot

water

Polish for Cleaning Varnish

IV2
14, 1/4

qts. of
qt. qt.

parafine oil of alcohol substitute turpentine.

Varnish Remover
2
1 1
qts. of
qt.
qt.

benzol

'

of alcohol of acitone oz. of parafine wax.

36

French Polish No.

6
1
oz.
qt.

"

'

of shellac

oz.

naptha sandarac
benzoin.

oz.

French Polish No. 2

of naptha 31/0 oz. of orange shellac 1/2 oz. of elima. Darken with red sanders wood.
1
pt.

Varnish Remover
95 wood alcohol benzol 4 oz. parafine wax. Dissolve wax in benzol in hot water bath, then mix with alcohol and finally reheat in a hot water bath, because the cold alcohol curdles the mixture. Keep Away from the Fire. Any water stain color can be made from the
3
1
qts.
qt.

powders below
Black P. B.

Brown

S.

Orange Y.
Red. Yellow. Nigrosine.
'

J.

B.

Napthalene B. Bismark.
Loutre.
Seal. Scarlet.

Coromosine.

Where water and alcohol stains are to be used, the wood should be water sponged and left dry out
for twelve hours,

and then sanded smooth, and 37

then apply stain leave stand twelve more hours and then apply a very thin coat of shellac, called a shellac wash, and then sand and fill with proper filler to match color and then prime with shellac and apply two coats of good varnish. And often in doing this, in the veneer you will discover a blister, which the glue has not taken hold of. These blisters can often be put down by heating a knife or an iron, and placing it on the blister, but not too hot, that may burn the wood.
;

If the piece of furniture

has finish already on, the

same process can be done, but the damage done by the hot iron, which is slight, can be touched up and Frenched over.
Stone
Sills

Cleaned

A paste of chloride of lime and water applied with an old brush, allowed to remain for two and one-half days, rinsed with cold water.
Formula No. 2

Good Cleanser for Stones

Apply a thick paste of ordinary lye and water, add some whiting and let remain for a day and wash off with clear cold water.
Filler
1 1 1 1
paii: corn starch part wheat flour part Japan drier part linseed oil.

Formula

Primer Formula
1

gal. of
gal. of
lbs.

varnish

brown Japan
38

of silex, very fine.

Golden Oak Filler

3 5
1
oz. of
lbs.
lb.

'

"\

raw sienna natural filler

Apothecaries Weight

burnt umber.

20 3 8 12

grains scruples

drams
ounces

1 scruple 1 dram 1 ounce 1 pound

Avoirdupois Weight
14 ounce
1/2

ounce ounce
ounces, or 7000 grains

109% 218%
1

grains grains 4371^ grains

16

pound

Lockwood's Stain Powders are to be used in these stain formulas.

314 West 14th Street,

New
5
1
lbs.

York.

Putty Formula
of whiting of linseed oil. Work to a stiff dough. Putty that is to be used for all natural finishes should not be matched exact but should be a trifle darker because the wood ages and gets darker and the utty does not as it may show a difference at first, but later it will not; but as this is or has been the old method of filling up nail holes and so forth, there is now another method where furniture is to be finished by staining.
lb.
;

39

First these nail holes and chipped out places should be filled up before staining with a water putty called tite fill, sold by McFadden. This water putty when firmly pressed into the intended places dries quickly and when sanded off will take the stain the same color as the wood and will not sink like the oil putty.

To cut dry orange shellac place 41/2 lbs. into a wooden keg or a stone crock, add 1 gal. of 95% wood alcohol, agitate or stir occasionally until gum
is dissolved, but do not leave shellac stand in tin parcels exposed to the air, as orange will turn very dark.

Waxing Floors

new oak

floors, such ^xs produce a nice satisfactory job, see that the floors are put in the right shape, such as being scraped evenly and sand papered to a smooth surface by the caii)enter, and then apply a coat of natural paste filler leave on about fifteen minutes and then grass and rag off clean; rub filler across grain of wood; leave filler dry for twelve to fifteen hours and then apply a coat of white shellac and let diy until next day, and then sand, and if only one coat is desired and the next application is the wax, apply a good coat of Johnson's floor wax with a piece of cheesecloth, rubbing it well over the floor, and this should be left dry about ten or fifteen minutes and then brush off with the floor brush, which is made for the purpose; then by placing a piece of felt beneath the brush and proceeding in the same manner, a very satisfactory wax polish is obtained. If the floors are old and have already been waxed and are tarnished from age and soiled by

In regard to

waxing hard wood

floors, to

40

being mopped over, to brighten them up for rewaxing, they should be cleaned. This can be done by using v/ood alcohol and a handful of clean waste, but in using this one should be well acquainted with the nature of alcohol, not to apply too much, just enough to take off the old wax and not to raise the under coat in doing this rag dry as you go and it will dry for rewaxing in about
;

one-half hour.
Flat Wall Painting

In doing over old walls, the good looking results of your job largely depencl on the condition of your foundation.

Before starting to paint, if the walls are old and have been whitev/ashed or calcimined, this should all be v/ashed and scraped off, and if broken out and full of nail holes, they should be plastered up nicely and sanded off smooth, and then you are ready to proceed with the coating. Sometimes the walls are sized before the first coat of pahit is applied and sometimes over the
first coat of paint.

This sizing should be made from a good grade of drying varnish thinned out very, very thin, just so that it forms a mere glaze. This is done in order to give the v/alls a smooth, hard surface and to help your coating to stand out better. This same process is used for oil painting also, at least forty-eight hours should be given for each coat to dry, and where the walls are new and nicely white coated, it is not necessary to do ap-y sizing unless one wishes to go to that expense. All flat Vv^all paint should be flowed on like enamel, with plenty of paint on your brush, and not brushed out like the house painter brushes his
;

paint.

41

the difference in applying these two The wall paint when applied like mentioned above will flow out itself and dry out nicely without brush mars but judgment must be used
is

That

paints.

so as to not have your paint run.

Flat wall paint can be cleaned bj' washing the walls with Ivoiy soap and warm water, and then rinse and dry thoroughly.

Enameling

To secure a nice white job of enameling, it requires three coats of flat white. For white enamel on new work, of which the first coat ought to be flat lead, and the other two coats be mixed with lead and zinc white, which will give your enamel a nice pure white ground.
These coats to be given sufficient time to diy and sanded well between coats, and then a coat of good enamel paint on.

For Increasing and Decreasing Formulas

In regard to these weighed-out paint formulas

which are found in this book, and which contains several hundred other useful formulas, one will
note the size of each fonnula as
it is.

To raise the formula to a larger amount it will be necessary to multiply the amount of lead and each of the other colors by the same number as you have multiplied the lead for a smaller amount reduce accordingly. Also the stain formulas for lighter shade, add more water or alcohol or oil, whichever stain it may be, and for darker shades increase the stain powder. 42

In mixing paints to match flat and varnished one will find it easier to match the flat plate if he has matched the flat plate and then varnishes it, it will look slightly different under the brilliancy of the varnish.
plates,
;

No. 4
Citrine
371/2 lbs.
71/2
lbs.
lbs. lbs.

2 3

white lead French ochre burnt sienna drop black.

No. 5

Cream
49
34,

lbs.
lb.

V2

lb.

white lead French ochre lemon chrome yellow.

No. 6

Drab
44
5
1
lbs. lbs.
lb.

white lead French ochre

lamp black.

44

No. 7

Fawn
47
lbs. lbs.
lb.

2%
V2

white lead French ochre burnt turkey umber.

No. 8

Green Stone
47
11/2

lbs. lbs. lbs.

white lead

IV2

medium Sylvan green raw turkey umber.

No. 9
Ivory

49
V2
1/2

lbs.
lb. lb.

white lead

raw sienna
lemon chrome yellow.

45

No. 10

Lead Color
49
1
lbs.
lb.

white lead

lamp

black.

No. 11
Lilac

48

lbs.
lbs.
lb.

1%
^2

white lead dark tuscan red ultramarine blue.

No. 12
Light Olive

35
71/2 21/2

lbs. lbs.
lbs.
lbs.

white lead French ochre

3 2

medium chrome yellow raw turkey umber

drop black.

lbs.

46

No. 19

Gray
481/2 lbs. white lead lb. French ochre 1
1/2

lb.

lamp

black.

No. 20

Sky Blue
491/2 lbs.
1/2

lb.

white lead Prussian blue.

No. 21

Spruce
40
5 3
lbs.

white lead

lbs.
lbs.

French ochre medium chrome yellow

bright Venetian red.

lbs.

49

No. 22

Straw
45
31/2
lbs. lbs.
lbs.

white lead French ochre

IV2

medium chrome

yellow.

No. 23

Tan
45
31/2
lbs.
lbs.,

1
1/2

lb.

white lead bright Venetian red medium chrome yellow

black.

lb.

lamp

No. 24

Terra Cotta
421/2 lbs.
71/2
lbs.

white lead burnt sienna.

50

No.
50
1/2

25Special

lbs.
lb.

white lead

21/2 lbs. 51/2 oz.

French ochre lamp black

Prussion blue

oz.

No.

26Special

25

lbs.
lb.

% 1 %

white lead

oz. oz.

French ochre medium chrome yellow lamp black.

No.
50
5
1
1/2

27Special

lbs. white lead oz. French ochre oz. lamp black oz. medium chrome yellow. oz. Prussian blue.

51

No.

28 Special
Maple

15
1/2

lbs.

oz.
oz.

white lead bunit umber

yellow ochre.

No. 29

Lavender
5
lbs.

1 1-3 oz. 1 1-3 oz.

white lead Indian red ultramarine blue.

No. 30 Purple
IV2
1
l^^s.

lb.

12

oz.

white lead Indian red ultramarine blue.

52

No. 31

Yellow
1 1
lb.

white lead

oz.

chrome yellow.

No. 32
Olive

1%

lbs.

white lead

141/2 oz. light chrome yellow oz. ultramarine blue 1 1 oz. Indian red

oz.

lamp

black.

No. 33
Light Green Special
10 11
lbs.

white lead

oz.

medicm chrome green

41/^ oz. light chrome yellow 1 1-3 oz. ultramarine blue.

53

No. 34

Blue
4 4 4 4
lbs.

oz.
oz. oz.

white lead Prussian blue ultramarine blue

lamp

black.

No. 35

Old Rose
10 18
lbs.

oz. 41/2 oz.

white lead Venetian red Indian red.

No. 36
Light Lavender
10 3
1
lbs.

oz. oz.

white lead ultramarine blue Indian red.

54

No. 37

Dark Lavender
10
51/2 lbs.

oz.

3 2-3 oz. oz. 9

white lead ultramarine blue Indian red drop black.

No. 38

Rose Pink
10
9
41/2
lbs.

oz. A^enetian

oz.

white lead red Indian red.

No. 39
Light
4 8
lbs.

Brown

oz.

white lead burnt turkey umber.

55

No. 40

Red Brown Special

4 8 8 8
lbs.

oz. oz. oz.

white lead burnt turkey umber Indian red

Venetian red.

No. 41
Seal

Brown

4
1

lbs.
lb.

burnt umber golden ochre.

No. 42

Sea Blue
9
lbs.

10 15

oz. oz.

white lead Prussian blue

raw

sienna.

56

No. 43
Heliotrope

20 30 40

oz. zinc

white

bright red oz. ultramarine blue.

oz.

No. 44

Yellow
10 20 20
41/2
lbs.

oz.

white lead golden ochre

oz.
oz.

medium chrome yellow

Venetian red.

No. 45
Light Blue
5
1
11/2

lbs.

oz. oz.

white lead Prussian blue

raw

sienna.

57

No. 46

Brick
10 5
5
lbs.

lbs.
lbs.

French ochre Venetian red white lead.

No. 47

Brown
10
lbs.

20 20
10

oz. oz.
oz.

white lead burnt umber French ochre drop black

No. 48

Chestnut
30 20
10
oz. oz.
oz.

Indian red lamp black yellow ochre.

58

No. 49

Copper
10
5 5
lbs.

medium chrome yellow

Venetian red

lbs.
lbs.

drop black.

No. 50

Nut Brown
10 10 61^
oz.
oz.

red yellow

lbs. black.

No. 51

Amber Brown
11/2 lbs.
lb.

burnt umber medium chrome yellow

burnt sienna.

lb.

59

No. 52

Aldemey Brown

8%
10 20 30

lbs.

lamp black
yellow

oz. lead oz. orange

oz.

chrome yellow.

No. 53

Argus Brown
6 2
1
lbs.

lbs.
lb.

lamp black orange yellow

chrome yellow.

No. 54

Bismark
10
5 5
lbs.
lbs. lbs.

lamp black
Indian red orange yellow.

60

No. 55

Bismark Brown
6
1 1
lbs.
lb.

lamp black
orange yellow

lb.

chrome yellow.

No. 56
Coffee

Cream Light

10 2

lbs. white lead oz. raw sienna 41/2 oz. chrome yellow oz. burnt umber. 1

No. 57
Indian
4 4 4
oz.
oz.

Brown

Indian red

lamp black
yellow ochre.

oz.

61

No. 58

Leather Brown
514, oz.

3%
31/4
li/i

yellow ochre Venetian red oz. white lead oz. of blue black.
oz.

AUTOMOBILE COLORS
No. 1
Light Blue
10
9
11/4

oz.

white lead ivory drop black oz. Prussian blue

lbs.

4 1-3

oz.

French chrome green

62

No. 2
Buff
10
9
51/2 lbs.

Brown Light

white lead

oz.
oz.

raw sienna raw umber

2 2-3 oz. chrome yellow 3 2-3 oz. French ochre 2 2-3 oz. burnt umber, turkey.

Peacock Blue Green

30 10
2
oz.

medium chrome green

drop black Prussian blue.

oz. ivory
oz.

Oriental
1 1
lb. lb.

Brown

4 4 4

oz. oz.
oz.

white lead French ochre burnt turkey umber burnt sienna

chrome yellow.

Army Drab
5
lbs.

white lead

30 59

oz. oz.

4 1-3 oz.

raw umber raw sienna medium chrome

green.

64

Champagne Color
10 lbs. white lead 2 2-3 oz. chrome yellow 3 2-3 oz. raw umber 1 oz. burnt turkey umber.

Light Sand Stone

10
9 9
lbs.

Special

white lead

oz.
oz.

raw umber
burnt turkey umber.

Columbia Green
18
6 6
oz.

ivory drop black

oz. oz.

medium French green French ochre.

65

Light Gray
10
9
lbs.

oz.

white lead ivory drop black.

Paris Gray

10 11

lbs.

white lead
ivoiy drop black Indian red

oz.

1 2-3 oz. 2 2-3 oz.

oz.

raw umber raw sienna.

Brown Light
5 5
lbs.
lbs.

burnt turkey umber burnt sienna.

66

Oriental

Brown Dark

5 2

oz.
oz.

French ochre burnt sienna.

Blue Gray
10 15

lbs.

oz.

white lead ivory drop black

Prussian blue.

1 2-3 oz.

Tan Color Light

8 5 3 2
oz. oz. oz. oz.

white lead French ochre burnt turkey umber burnt sienna.

67

Battleship
121/2 lbs. white lead oz. ivory drop black

Gray

37%

1%
71/j,

oz. oz.

Prussian blue raw umber.

Rolls

Royce Blue

10 6 16

lbs.

oz.
oz.

white lead Prussian blue

medium chrome green.

Pierce

Arrow Gray

Light

20 18
4 1-3

lbs.

white lead

oz.
oz.

lamp black
Indian red.

68

Pierce

Arrow Gray

Dark

20
9

lbs.

oz.
oz.

white lead Indian red

27l^

lamp

black.

Special Green

Dark

10

lbs.

white lead

22%
9

oz. oz.
oz.

271/4 oz.

lamp black chrome yellow

yellow ochre

18

medium chrome

green.

Biege Color Light

lbs. white lead 10 36 1-3 oz. ivory drop black oz. raw umber 18 oz. burnt turkey umber. 18

69

Cobalt Blue Extra

3
1
lbs.
lb.

Dark

ultramarine blue ivory drop black.

Brewster Green
1/2
1/2

lb. lb. lb.

lb.

lamp black
ultramarine blue

1/2 1/4

chrome yellow medium crome green.

Primrose Yellow Light

10
51/2
lbs.

white lead

oz. oz.

10

chrome yellow light chrome yellow.

70

Gray Green
10 11
lbs.

white lead

oz.

medium chrome green

41/2 oz. light chrome yellow 1 1-3 oz. ultramarine blue oz. lamp black.

1%

To bleach old floors where finish has been removed, or dirty floors that have had no finish on,
use dissolved oxalic acid in boiling water. Apply this, leave on ten or fifteen minutes, and then wash off with clear water.

GROUND COLORS FOR GRAINING

No. 1

White

lead,

Dark Oak raw sienna, raw umber and a

No. 2
Light Oak

little

ivory black.

White

lead,

raw

sienna, or

French ochre.

No. 3

Cherry

White
sienna.

lead,

raw

sienna,

tinged with burnt

No. 4

Mahogany
White
lead, ochre,

and Venetian
71

red.

No. 5

Walnut
White
lead,

ochre, Venetian red,

Vandyke brown, or burnt umber, and a trifle of ivory black.

No. 6

Golden Oak

White lead, raw sienna, ochre, and a little burnt sienna to redden it. Iron of any kind that is to be painted to preserve it should first be sand papered, and then a coat of good red lead applied, and then any other color that would be desired.

Prime Coat Formula

98
lbs.

paste red lead

1 2-3 gals, raw linseed oil 1 2-3 gals, of turpentine 14, gal. Japan drier.

72

No. 4
Brilliant

Green

Special

10 21
251/2

lbs.

white lead

oz.
<^z.

medium French green

chrome yellow
ivory drop black.

51/2 oz.

No. 5

Pink
10 6
lbs.

oz.

white lead Venetian red.

No. 6

Salmon
10 71^
lbs.

Dark

oz.

white lead burnt sienna.

73

No. 7

Salmon
1214, lbs. white lead 9 oz. raw sienna
IVj,

Light

oz.

burnt sienna.

No. 8

Red Brown

Special

10 lbs. white lead oz. burnt turkey umber 18 oz. ivory drop black 9 7Vi oz. Indian red.

No. 13
Light Gray Green
10
lbs.

white lead

14%
27 Vi11

oz.

medium French green

ivory drop black

oz.
oz.

burnt umber.

No. 14

Dark Gray Green

10
lbs.

white lead

23% 24%

oz.
oz.

medium French green burnt umber

drop black.

451/2 oz.

No. 15

Naples Yellow Dark

10
lbs.

white lead

41/2 oz.

13%

chrome yellow oz. raw sienna.

76

No. 16

Dark
10
o
21/2
lbs. vfhite

Coffee

Cream

lead

oz. oz.

burnt umber

raw sienna
chrome yellow.

5Vj

oz.

No. 17
Light Green Gra>^^ Special
10
9 9
lbs.

oz. oz. oz.

white lead burnt umber

medium French green drop black.

No. 18
Light Gray
10
6
lbs. v/hite

lead

oz. oz.

drop black raw umber.

77

No. 22

Dark Pea Green

10
7
lbs.

white lead

131/2 oz.
oz.

medium French green

French ochre.

No. 23

Medium Gray
10
lbs.

171/2 oz.
31/2 oz.

white lead drop black raw umber.

No. 24

Baby Blue
30
11/2

lbs.

white lead

oz.

French ochre
Prussian blue.

oz.

79

No. 25
Special

60 40

lbs.

white lead

oz.

French ochre

14 oz. Prussian blue.

No. 26
Special

10
9 4

lbs.

white lead

2234^ oz.
oz.
oz.

raw umber raw sienna

French ochre.

No. 27
Chocolate
10
5 5
lbs.
lbs.

Brown

white lead
Venetian red

lbs.

drop black.

80

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