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08 - Probability Formulas

The document outlines fundamental probability formulas, defining probability as the ratio of favorable outcomes to possible outcomes, with values ranging from 0 to 1. It explains concepts such as sure events, impossible events, elementary events, and complementary events, along with examples involving coins, years, and dice. The document emphasizes that the sum of probabilities of all elementary events equals 1.

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GURUMOORTHY P
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18 views1 page

08 - Probability Formulas

The document outlines fundamental probability formulas, defining probability as the ratio of favorable outcomes to possible outcomes, with values ranging from 0 to 1. It explains concepts such as sure events, impossible events, elementary events, and complementary events, along with examples involving coins, years, and dice. The document emphasizes that the sum of probabilities of all elementary events equals 1.

Uploaded by

GURUMOORTHY P
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

PROBABILITY FORMULAS

Probability P(E) = (No. of Favourable Outcomes) / (No. of all Possible Outcomes)


 P(E) = n(E) / n(S)
Probability is an always a proper fraction.
 Sure Events P(E) = 1
 Impossible Events P(E) = 0
 0  P(E)  1
Only One Outcome = Elementary Event.
Sum of Probability of all Elementary Event = 1
 P (Ẽ) = 1 - P(E) (P(E) – Complementary Event)
Example:
a) Coin
1 Coin: s {H, T}
2 Coin: s {HH, TT, HT, TH}
3 Coin: s {HHH, TTT, HTT, TTH, HHT, THH, THT, HTH}
b) Year
Leap Year  366 Days  52 Weeks + 2 Days
Not a Leap Year  365 Days  52 Weeks + 1 Days
P (Getting Sunday) = 2 / 7 = s{ SM, MT, TW, WT, TF, FS, SS}
c) Disc (6 Side)
1 Dice = s {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
2 Dice = s [{1, 1}, {1, 2}, {1, 3}, {1, 4}, {1, 5}, {1, 6}
{2, 1}, {2, 2}, {2, 3}, {2, 4}, {2, 5}, {2, 6}
{3, 1}, {3, 2}, {3, 3}, {3, 4}, {3, 5}, {3, 6}
{4, 1}, {4, 2}, {4, 3}, {4, 4}, {4, 5}, {4, 6}
{5, 1}, {5, 2}, {5, 3}, {5, 4}, {5, 5}, {5, 6}
{6, 1}, {6, 2}, {6, 3}, {6, 4}, {6, 5}, {6, 6}]

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