What is blood pressure?

The pressure of the blood flows through

the vessel against the walls of blood
vessel.
The force that drives blood through the
arteries and capillaries.
Healthy adult will have 120/80 mm Hg
120 refers to systolic (contraction)
pressure and 80 refers to diastolic
(relaxation) pressure
The regulatory mechanism
of blood pressure
How blood pressure is regulated
Regulated by negative feedback
mechanisms
Baroreceptors detect the pressure flowing
and send impulses continuously to the
cardiovascular centre in medulla
oblongata (in the brain) to help regulate
blood pressure
 Types of circulatory system

Two types of the circulatory system of

large organisms

 Open circulatory system

 Close circulatory system
 1. Open circulatory system
Consist of one or more heart, a network of
vessel and a large open space within the
body
Pump blood directly into the body cavity
In insects
 2. Close circulatory system
Blood flows within the heart and vessels
One or more heart pump blood into major
vessels that branch into smaller vessels in
organ where the chemical exchange occur
between the interstitial fluid and the body
cells.
In all vertebrates and invertebrates
The circulatory system in insects
One or more hearts pump haemolymph
through vessels and into haemocoel which
contain soft internal organs.
Here, chemical exchange occurs between
haemolymph and body cells.
When the heart relax, haemolymph is
drawn back into the heart through pores
called ostia.
When the heart contract, haemolymph
flows from the heart into the haemocoel
Differences between the circulatory
system in fish, amphibians and
humans
Comparing and contrasting the circulatory sys
humans.doc
 Exercise
 Differentiate between open circulatory
system and close circulatory system.
 What is meant by single circulatory
system and double circulatory system?
 In human heart, which valves control
blood flows between the heart’s upper
chambers and lower chambers?
 Differentiate between the pulmonary
circulation and systemic circulation.