COMMUNICATION AND COMMUNICATION PROCESS:-

BY:Sheffy(11101065) Neha(11101002) Pooja(11101034) Ankita(11101063) Ashu(11101151)

COMMUNICATIONDEFINITION:Communication is an exchange of facts, ideas, opinions or emotions by two or more persons.

NEED OF COMMUNICATION:

Man is a social being. He is a member of society. As a member of society he has to constantly interact with his fellow being . He has emotions, feelings, likes and dislikes all of which he has to convey and let others know what he feels. Need arises from mans desires to express himself in a meaningful manner.

According to researchers, we spend 50%80% of our waking hours in communication. of this, About 45% is spent in listening About 30% is spent in speaking About 15% is spent in reading About 10% is spent in writing

Evolution of communication:

The art of communication is as old as man. Birds and animals also communicate. The sounds they make do carry meanings. Much before he learnt to speak, man had learnt to express himself through sounds, gestures and actions. It is not that those who cant speak, read or write cant communicate. A blind man resorts to oral & non verbal communication.

THE COMMUNICATIONProcess The Communication PROCESS:Basic Elements in the Communication Process

Social context

Sender

Encodes

Medium

Decodes

Receiver

Feedback Noise Noise

PROCESS OF COMMUNICATION:1. Ideation: The communication process begins with a sender having an idea. The intent and content of your idea will depend on your state of mood, cultural background, age, experiences, attitude.

2. Encoding the idea in message:- This symbolization of the idea is known as encoding. This involves the problem of choice of words, sentences, gestures, expressions, paralanguage, layout and design, etc.

3. Sending message over channel:Channel is the medium through which the message is transmitted from the source or sender to the receiver. There are various channels of communication such as internet, telephone, television, radio, FAX, personal, letter, report etc.

4. Decoding by receiver:-Just as the message is received, the receiver transforms the same into a thought. The communication will be assumed to have taken place only when the receiver understands the meaning intended by the sender.

5. Feedback from receiver to sender:Feedback is the response of the receiver to the message received and encoded. The feedback helps the sender to evaluate whether or not the message was received.

TYPES OF COMMUNICATION:

Personal communication Business communication Internal communication External communication Upward communication Downward communication

Formal communication Informal communication Lateral communication Interactive communication Mass communication Grapevine

PERSONAL COMMUNICATION:

It relates to the individual. It is the communication between individual and the individual and his family.

BUSINESS COMMUNICATION:

It is seen to happen among and between business entities, in market and within organizations. It takes place between owner and employees. It also takes place between buyers and sellers.

INTERNAL COMMUNICATION:

It takes place within the organization. It should be oral or written, visual or audio visual. It serves to inform, instruct, educate, develop, motivate people in the organization.

EXTERNAL COMMUNICATION:

It addresses people outside the organization like customers, competitors. It can also take any of the method of communication listed. Letters, notices. Business meetings are examples of this communication.

DOWNWARD COMMUNICATION: Flows from individual in higher levels of the organization to those in lower levels. Includes meetings, official memos, policy statements, manuals, and company publications.

UPWARD COMMUNICATION: Consists of messages sent up the line from subordinates to bosses. Includes (1) personal reports of performance, problems or concerns, (2) reactions to organizational policies, and (3) employee suggestions

FORMAL COMMUNICATION:- All

communication, flowing in any direction, which originates from and is disseminated to the people owing to their legitimate position in the organization, is known as formal communication.

INFORMAL COMMUNICATION:- Also

known as grapevine communication, is the transmission of information through non-official channels within an organization.

LATERAL COMMUNICATION: The horizontal information flow that occurs both within and between departments. The purpose of lateral communications is coordination.

INTERACTIVE COMMUNICATION:

It is a 2 way process. It takes place through meetings and conferences.

MASS COMMUNICATION:It addresses a large mass of people.

Public speaking, newspapers are means of mass communication.

GRAPEVINE:

It is a kind of informal communication that prevails in organizations and business. The source of communication may not be clear. It spreads by way of gossips and rumors.

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