Meaning Importance Hystorical

Contributions-System

View Of Operation Managenet

Operation Strategy and competativeness Functions of an operation Management Types of Production system

Operation Mgt
OM involves a set of activities performed to manage the avilable resources in an efficient manner in order to convert its inputs into desired outputs. Which includes such activities as Material mgt,Machine,Inventory management and control.

Defination of POM
Sherin Siegel and Joel G.Siegel POM Is the management Of all activities directly related to the production of goods and services It may be remembered that goods are produced and services are rendered.

Objective Of POM

Customer Satisfaction: Quality of the product as per the acceptable standards Easy maintenance and reliabilty of the product Functinality of the product as offered by the seller. Profitability: A good organization produces the right quality that meets all product specifications,at optimal cost.The organisation should focus on minimizing costs and maximizing revenue for increasing profitability. Timeliness: The product produced and service rendered may be qualitative and cost competative but if it does not reach the customer when they require it,the organisation loses.

To achive high product efficency. To decide the nature and magnitude of different input factors to produce the output. To coordinate the different resources such as labour,machine s,equipment,etc,effectively and economically and to coordinate with various departments. To maintain optimum inventory level. To maintain flexibility in manufacturing operations. To plan for plant capacity for future requirement. To ensure smooth flow of materials eliminating ,bottel necks,if any in production.

Scope Of POM

Product selection and Development Process Selection Facilities location Layout planning Material handling Manufacturing System Production Planning and Production Control:Different kinds of manufacturing system.includes method followed for job loading,scheduling,dispatching,PERT/CPM and linear programming etc. Work Studies: method study and work measurement. Material Management: control inventory analysis etc. Quality: Standard and techniques ,TQM,Six Sigma. Saftey management: To ensure saftey at work place.

Different Production System and Manufacturing System

Manufacturing System Continuous project Intermittent Process Mass and flow Batch Job

Continuous production system.

Involves continuous or almost continuous physical flow of materials .The process usually operate round the clock to maximize utilization and to avoid expensive and timeconsuming shutdowns and start-ups. 1.Process production: The name is derived from the way materials move through the process. This system is used for manufacturing items for which the demand is continuous or high. Example: Integrated steel plant, Petroleum refining. 2.Mass or Flow Production: Few types of products are manufactured in large quantities. The volumes are high and products are standardized which allows resources to be organized around particular products. Example: Automobiles, appliances, computers etc.

Intermittent production system

In this system, the goods are generally manufactured to fulfill customers orders rather than producing against stock. 1.Job production: Wide variety of products relatively in low volume. General purpose machine and equipment to perform wide range of operations. High skilled operators and supervisors are required. Example: machining a metal casting, producing customized shelves and cabinets. 2.Batch production: Here ,items are processed in lots or batches and a new batch is under taken for production only when the production on all items of batch is complete. Example: Chemical industry where different medicines are manufactured in batches.

Pre-planning
productio n

Planning

Controlling
7 Dispatchin g

develo pment &desig n

Sales forec astin g

Factor y layout

1 Materials

4 Routin g

2 Methods

5 Estimatin g

8 Inspection 9 Expeditin g 10 Evaluatin g

Equip ment policy

Prepla nning produc tion

3 Facilities,mac hines&manpo wer

6 Schedulin g

3 phases of production Function

1.Pre-planning 2.Planning 3.Controlling

Pre Planning phase:

Pre planning is decision making of data collected on 4ms I,e material,machine,method,and man power. a) product development and design b)Sales forcecasting c) Factory Layout d)equipment planning e)pre planning production

Planning phase
We decide to select the appropriate materilas,methods,facilites by means the work can be accomplished. 1.Materila mgt. 2.Method planning. 3.Machine and equipment planning(Facility planning). Control Phase: Provides the main sources of feed back information to ensure necessary corrective actions. 4.Routing/Process planning. 5.Estimating. 6.Scheduling. 7.Dispatching. 8.Expediting/Follow up. 9.Inspection. 10.Evaluation.

10 functions of production and Operation management

1.Material Management: Material planning functions which covers fixation of material standards, Batch quantities, delivery dates, standardization and reduction of varities,procurement of parts and raw materials and inspection of material and finished parts. 2.Method planning: Identifies the alternate methods of manufacturing ,evaluates them and selects the best compitable with a given set of circumstances and facilities.

3.Machine and equipment(Facility planning): Is concerned with procurement of machines and equipment and specification of standards tools, design and manufacturing of special tools.i,e:Jigs and Fixtures etc.

4.Routing/Process planning: Determines sequences of operations followed in the process. Determines the functions. What work will be done on the product? Where these operations will be performed? How the operations will be performed? In which sequence the job will move in the plant?

5.Estimating: Extensive use of operation analysis in conjunction with methods and routing as well as work measurement in order to set up performance standards. 6.Scheduling:Fixing priorities for each job and determining the starting time and finishing time for each operations, the starting dates and finishing dates for each parts, subassembly and final assembly.

7.Dispatching:Is the the execution phase of planning, Dispatching is routine setting of production activitys in motion through through the release of orders and instructions in accordance with the previously planned time schedules and rating.

8.Expediting/Follow up: Is the control function that keeps track of the progress of work in accordance with planned schedules

9.Inspection. 10.Evaluation.