VIGNANS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

IMPLEMENTATION OF MULTI-LEVEL INVERTER USING HYBRID ENERGY SYSTEM

Presented by
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF V. KIRAN BABU (Asst.professor) G.NAGARJUNA (10UQ1A0212) CH.SRUJANA (10UQ1A0206) T.RAJEEV KUMAR (10UQ1A0236) D.RAJESH (09UQ1A0233)

ABSTRACT

In the current global scenario demand for renewable energy resources like photovoltaic and wind energy has increased due to environmental impact and limited resources.
Multilevel inverter enables the output voltage to be increased without changing the voltage ratings of switching components. They offer the direct connection of renewable energy systems to the grid connected system without using expensive and bulky transformers. The proposed system is illustrated, modeled and is being verified by using MATLAB-SIMULINK.

BLOCK DIAGRAM

BASIC INVERTER : Inverter circuit converts DC power to AC power. Multi-level inverters are the modification of basic bridge inverters. The number of levels in an inverter bridge defines the number of direct current (DC) voltage steps.

As the power semiconductor switches have limited voltage capability, the total DC voltage of an inverter is divided into a number of voltage steps.

MULTILEVEL INVERTER TOPOLOGIES

The best known multilevel inverter topologies are : 1)Diode-clamped 2) Flying capacitor 3)Cascaded inverter

Diode clamped converter is the most popular converter in renewable energy systems due to its simple structure.

DIODE CLAMPED INVERTER

 The number of main switching devices used in a m-level diode clamped inverter is 2(m-1) Number of dc bus capacitors used is (m-1) Number of main diodes used will be 2(m-1)

 A three-phase six-level diode-clamped inverter is shown in Figure.

Each of the three phases of the inverter shares a common DC bus, which has been subdivided by five capacitors into six levels. The voltage across each capacitor is Vdc, and the voltage stress across each switching device is limited to Vdc through the clamping diodes.

TYPES OF SWITCHING DEVICES

The four most important families of switching devices used are:

1) Bipolar junction transistor (BJT)

2) Metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) 3) Insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) 4) Gate turn-off thyristor (GTO) The switching devices used here are IGBT with body diode.

WHY IGBT??
The IGBT is a hybrid device which combines the best features of the MOSFET and the BJT.

IGBT has the output characteristics of a BJT, but is controlled like MOSFET.

 IGBT has low on-state conduction losses. It provides high switching speeds. It only requires a small voltage on the Gate to maintain conduction through the device unlike BJT.

PULSE WIDTH MODULATION

The PWM technology is used to correct the output voltage according to the value of the load by changing the Width of the switching frequency. Sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) is applied in the proposed inverter since it has various advantages over other techniques.

Sinusoidal PWM inverters provide an easy way to control amplitude, frequency and harmonics contents of the output voltage.

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT : MATLAB-SIMULINK MATLAB is the matrix laboratory, that provides powerful programming language. Simulink is used to do simulations. It is the graphical extension of MATLAB.It has many blocks, you just need to drag and connect them as you need.

INTRODUCTION TO SIMULATION
Simulink is a MATLAB tool used for the simulation of the various systems whether linear or non linear. It is a graphical, drag and drop environment for building simple and complex signal and system dynamic simulations. There are different blocks in the Simulink tool used in the circuits. The parameters of each signal and system block is configured by the user (right click on block).

SIMULINK CIRCUIT

SIMULINK RESULTS

Output Phase Voltage for 50Hz Frequency

ADVANTAGES : The harmonic content decreases as the number of levels increases and filtering requirements are reduced. The output voltage and power increase with number of levels. DISADVANTAGE: A high number of levels increases the control complexity and introduces voltage imbalance problems.

APPLICATIONS
Used in adjustable speed drives. Multilevel inverters are used in high power applications.

THANK YOU