SUBMITTED BY-

NIRMAL YADAV
CS 62
1112210055
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

First of all, I am grateful to God for establishing me to
complete this seminar report. I am thankful to college for
providing me with all the necessary facilities. I wish to
express my sincere thanks to our Director, Mr. R. K.
Jaiswal for his exemplary encouragement and support. I
would like to express my deepest appreciation to the
Head of Department (CSE), Mr. Alok Mishra, who
continually and convincingly conveyed a spirit of interest
in regard to seminar report

I owe my profound gratitude to our seminar guides, Mr.
Sandeep Dubey and Dr. Jayant Mishra who guided me all
along till the completion of my report by providing me
resources necessary to develop a good report.
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CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION
2. WHAT IS BRAIN FINGERPRINTING
3. TECHNIQUE USED
4. WORKING PROCEDURE
5. OPERATIONAL MECHANISM
6. COMPARISONS WITH OTHER TECHNOLOGY
7. APPLICATIONS
8. ADVANTAGES
9. LIMITATIONS
10.CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
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Invented by Dr. Lawrence Farwell in
1995.

He is the chief scientist and President of
Human Brain Research Laboratory, USA.

This technology has been proven
successful over 170 cases with a record of
100% accuracy including tests on FBI
agents, tests for a US intelligence agency and
for the US Navy.
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Dr. Lawrence Farwell
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WHAT IS BRAIN
FINGERPRINTING ?
Brain Fingerprinting is a scientific,
computer based technique which is used to
determine whether a specific information is
stored in an individual's brain or not.

It measures recognition of familiar stimuli
by measuring electrical brain wave
responses to words, phrases, or pictures
that are presented on a computer screen.

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It is based on the theory that throughout any action,
the brain analyze , executes and records that action.

And when the brain recognizes something then there
is some changes in the neurons activity ,due to which
there is changes in brainwave signals .On the basis of
these changes in brain wave signals scientists
determine that a particular information is present in
the subject mind or not.

The brain wave signal which is used in this technique
is well-known brain wave p 300-MERMER.



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P300 - MERMER
Memory and Encoding Related Multifaceted
Electroencephalographic Response

Electrical signal known as P300 is emitted from
an individuals brain beginning approximately 300
milliseconds after it is confronted with a stimulus
of special significance.

The P300 wave is an event related potential
(ERP) which can be recorded via
electroencephalography (EEG) as a positive
deflection in voltage at a latency of roughly 300
ms in the EEG.



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EEG ELECRTOENCEPHALOGRAPHY

When a stimulus appears, the EEG
breaks into a series of larger peaks and
troughs which constitutes the ERP.

Voltage difference between a pair of
electrodes are measured, filtered,
amplified and recorded for analysis.


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First of all the suspect wears a special headset on which many
sensors are fitted to capture the brain wave signals. He is seated
before a comp. system on which stimulies are presented.

3 TYPES OF STIMULIES

Target : The target stimuli are made relevant and
noteworthy to all subjects.

Irrelevant : These have no relation to the
situation under investigation.

Probes : Probes are the stimuli that are relevant
to the situation under investigation.


WORKING PROCEDURE
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OPERATING MECHANISM

Picture/wor
d shown to
the suspect
Triggers

neurons
of brain
Generates
brainwave
(P300)
Electrical
Potentials
Accumulate
in brain
(MERMER)

Headgear fitted
with
Electrodes placed
on scalp
Potential
differences are
measured and
compared using
EEG.
Generates

analog
signals
EEG
amplifier
Wave
pattern

computer
analysis


Information
Present/ Absent
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POLYGRAPH TEST : The existing polygraph test
rely on emotional response. It
measures changes in facial expressions , heartbeat
and sweat on palms. One can pass polygraph test
falsly if he controls these emotional response.

While in Brain Fingerprinting u cant stop ur brain
responsing. It will surely respond to the familiar
stimuli. So this technology is superior to polygraph
test.
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CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS
The application of Brain Fingerprinting
testing in a criminal case involves four
phases:
investigation,
interview,
scientific testing,
and adjudication.
The first phase is undertaken by a skilled
investigator
The second by an interviewer
Only the third one is in the domain of
science.
Fourth by a judge and jury.

APPLICATIONS
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ADVERTISING
What elements do people pay most
attention to ?
What type of media is most effective
How to advertise to people all over
the world
how effective is the product
branding strategy is


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Counter Terrorism
In determining who has participated in
terrorist acts, directly or indirectly.

In identifying trained terrorists with the
potential to commit future terrorist acts, even
if they are in a sleeper cell and have not
been active for years.

Help to identify people who have knowledge of
terrorist training camps.

Help to determine if an individual is in a
leadership role within a terrorist organization
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ADVANTAGES
Identify criminals quickly and scientifically.

Reduce expenditure of money and other
resources in law enforcement.

Reduce evasion of justice.

Access criminal evidence in the brain.

Suspect may lie but the brain never lies.

Record of 100% accuracy.

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LIMITATIONS

It does not indicate intent of the crime.

This technology is a little bit
controversial.

Difficult to distinguish the criminal and
a witness who saw all the criminal
activity happen.

It can detect what information is stored
in the subjects brain. It cant detect
how that information got there.

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CONCLUSION
Brain Fingerprinting is a revolutionary
new scientific technology for solving
crimes, identifying perpetrators, and
exonerating innocent suspects, with a
record of 100% accuracy in research
with US government agencies, actual
criminal cases, and other applications.

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REFERENCES
1) Farwell LA, Donchin E. The brain detector: P300 in the
detection of deception. Psychophysiology
1986; 24:434.
2) Farwell LA, Donchin E. The truth will out: interrogative
polygraphy ("lie detection") with event-related brain
potentials. Psychophysiology 1991;28:531- 541.
3)Picton TW. Handbook of electroencephalography and
clinical neurophysiology: human event-related
potentials. Amsterdam
4) BRAIN FINGERPRINTING
ISSN: 0975 6779| NOV 12 TO OCT 13 | VOLUME 02,
ISSUE - 02|
ASHWINI V. SHARMA ,1Dr. GANESH S. SABLE
Department of Electronics Engineering, Savitribai Phule
Womens Engg. college,
B.A.M.U. University, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India.
5) www.wikipedia.org/brain_fingerprinting
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ANY QUERIES???
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