SITE INVESTIGATION

PREPARED BY SARINA

Site Investigation (SI) is the

exploration or discovery of the ground

conditions to enable engineers to

make informed design decisions.

The British Standard Code of Practice BS 5930:1991 gives a list of the objects of site investigation as follows:

OBJECTIVE OF SI
The British Standard Code of Practice BS 5930:1991 gives
a list of the objects of site investigation as follows:

1. To assess the general suitability of the site and environs

for the proposed works

2. To enable an adequate and economic design to be

prepared, including the design of temporary works
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3. To plan the best method of construction

4. To determine the changes that may arise in the
ground and environmental conditions, either naturally
or as a result of the works, and the effect of such
changes on the works, and the environment in general

STAGE OF SI
1. DESK STUDY

2. SITE RECONNAISSANCE
3. DETAILED SITE EXPLORATION AND SAMPLING
4. FIELD TEST / IN-SITU TESTING
5. LABORATORY TESTING
6. REPORT

This is essentially the collection of a wide

variety of information relating to the site.
e.g. maps, drawings; details of existing or
historic development, local authority
information; geological maps, memoirs,
records; details of utilities, services,
restrictions, right-of way, ownership of
adjacent property; aerial photograph.

An early examination of the site by appropriate

experts is most desirable.
eg. Geologist, land surveyor, soils engineer,
hydrologist etc.
Information should be collected on the overall
site layout, topography, basic geology; details
of access, entry and height restrictions

HOW MANY BH OR OTHER SI METHOD

CRITERIA OF TERMINATING BH
FIELD TEST;CRITERIA & FREQUENCY
SAMPLING TYPE; CRITERIA & FREQUENCY
REFERENCE NOTE;FOR BUILDING & ROADS
PROJECT
DOCUMENTATION; DRAWINGS

PROJECT

DISTANCE
(m)

Projek
Sigle storey

10 - 30Jarak

Bangunan satu
tingkat
Multi Storey
HighwayBangunan Multi
Storey
Lebuh raya

15- 30
15- 30
250 - 500

Soil dam

40

Empangan tanah

9m)
10 - 30

250 -80 500

40 -80

DEPTH
Kedalaman

6 -9 m from foundation
6 -9 mbase
dari dasar asas
2 X Structure width
2 kali lebar struktur
Minimum 1- 1.5m below
subgred
Minimum
1- 1.5m di bawah
subdred
Minimum 12- 15 m atau 3
Minimum 12- 15 m atau 3 m
m in hard rock
dalam batuan keras

( No & Depth of Bore hole )

Investigation of detailed geology and subsurface soil conditions using surface surveys,
trial pits, headings, boreholes, sounding,
geophysical methods, as appropriate; survey
of groundwater conditions over a signification
period of time

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 MACINTOSH PROBE

CONE PENETRATION TEST, CPT

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SHALLOW EXPLORATION
TRIAL PITS
TRENCH
HAND AUGER

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DEEP EXPLORATION
PENJARAAN TUKUL (PERCUSSION BORING)
PENGGERUDIAN PUTAR (ROTARY DRILLING)
PENGGERUDIAN BASAH (WASH BORING)

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PENSAMPELAN

TAK TERGANGGU
(UNDISTURBED
SAMPLE)
* KEKUATAN RICIH
* PENGUKUHAN

TERGANGGU
( DISTURBED)

* PENGELASAN TANAH
*UJIAN PEMADATAN
HAD-HAD ATTERBERG

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THIN WALL SAMPLER

OPEN TUBE SAMPLER

SPLIT SPOON SAMPLER
PISTON SAMPLER
CONTINUOUS SAMPLER

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STANDARTD PENETRATION TEST

PLATE BEARING TEST

CONE PENETRATION TEST

VANE SHEAR TEST

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FOR DESCRIPTION, CLASSIFICATION &

CORRELATION - COLOUR, MOISTURE

CONTENT, SG, POROSITY , LL, PL, PI, SL,

PARTICLE SIZE

SHEAR STRENGH TRIAXIAL TEST, DIRECT

CORROSION pH, SULPHATE & CHLORIDE,

SHEAR TEST, CONSOLIDATION , PERMEABILITY

TEST

SALTS

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Details of geological study, including

structures, stratigraphy and mapping; results
of borings, etc., including log, references for
samples and stratigraphy interpretations as
requested; comments and recommendations
relating to the design and construction of the
proposed works; recommendations relating
to further investigating or testing, and to
ongoing or post-completion monitoring.

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