Professional Documents
Culture Documents
STEPHEN TOULMIN
MAJOR PUBLICATIONS
TOULMIN MODEL
Data
Claim
Statements that limit the strength of the argument that propose the conditions
under which the argument is true
Rebuttal
The general, hypothetical logical statements that serve as bridges between the
claim and the data
Qualifier
Warrant
Backing
(Wheeler, n.d.)
TOULMIN MODEL
LETS ARGUE
CHANGE OF PACE
BIOETHICS
BIOETHICS
COMMISSION
Beneficence
Justice
Informed consent
Risk/Benefit
Subject selection
Albert Jonsen
CASUISTRY
The devil lies in the details (Toulmin, 1997)
HISTORY OF CASUISTRY
Medieval Casuistry
ANTI-THEORY IN BIOETHICS
CASUISTIC REASONING
Paradigm Cases
Pure Cases
(Arras, 2010)
CASUISTIC REASONING
MORAL PARTICULARISM
ADVANTAGES OF CASUISTRY
CRITICISMS OF CASUISTRY
Moral laxity
(Cavalier, 2002)
THOUGHTS
http://videocast.nih.gov/launch.asp?17357
2004 interview with Stephen Toulmin by U.S. Dept of
Health and Human Services Office for Human
Research Protections
INWARD VS OUTWARD-LOOKING
APPROACHES
Inward
Philosophical or theoretical in
origin
Nursing-Researchers,
Theoreticians, and Administrators
Outward
(Rodgers, 2005)
DISCIPLINE
(Rodgers, 2005)
PROFESSION
Inseparable
Change within a discipline is facilitated by professional use of
knowledge
Social and contextual aspect of knowledge within a discipline
(Rodgers, 2005)
TYPES OF DISCIPLINES
Diffuse
Would-Be
SCIENTIFIC PROBLEMS
CONCEPTS
STRATEGIC CONSENSUS
(Rodgers, 2005)
REFERENCES