HVAC Systems Primary Functions
Temperature Control
Cooling
Heating
Humidity Control
Humidification
Dehumidification
Air Quality Control
Ventilation
Cleaning
Mechanical Engineering Department
HVAC Systems Energy Considerations
Typical Energy Use in a Commercial Building
Mechanical Engineering Department
HVAC Systems
Efficient Use of Energy Requirements
Optimum Energy Designs
Well-Developed Energy Use Policies
Dedicated Management backed up by
Properly Trained and Motivated Operating Staff
Mechanical Engineering Department
HVAC Systems
Minimum Guidelines in Energy
Conservation, Design and Operation
ASHRAE Standard 90.1-1989, Energy Efficient Design of New
Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings
ASHRAE Standard 100, Energy Conservation in Existing Buildings
Mechanical Engineering Department
HVAC Systems
Typical Building Design Heat Losses or Gains
Mechanical Engineering Department
HVAC Systems
Some Relevant Energy/Emissions Statistics
Buildings account for:
36% of all the energy
66 % of all the electricity
used in the US
Emissions related to building energy use account for:
35% of CO2 emissions
47 % of SO2 emissions
22% of NOx emissions
Mechanical Engineering Department
HVAC Systems
Annual Energy Use Per Unit Floor Area
Mechanical Engineering Department
HVAC Systems
Capital Cost Estimating Factors
Mechanical Engineering Department
HVAC Systems
Schematic of a Typical Commercial Air-Conditioning System
Mechanical Engineering Department
HVAC Systems
Elementary Air Temperature Control System
Mechanical Engineering Department
HVAC Systems
Air Handler and Associated Controls for Simple Constant-Volume,
Single-Duct All-Air System
Mechanical Engineering Department
HVAC Systems
Schematic of a Blow-Through Air Handler With Hot and Cold Decks
and Zone Dampers
Mechanical Engineering Department
HVAC Systems
Simplified Control Schematic for a Constant-Volume reheat System
Mechanical Engineering Department
HVAC Systems
Simplified Control Schematic of a Single-Duct VAV System
Mechanical Engineering Department
HVAC Systems
Simplified Control Schematic of a Dual-Duct System
Mechanical Engineering Department
HVAC Systems
Multi-Zone System With Hot
and Cold Plenum Reset
Mechanical Engineering Department
HVAC Systems
Air-Water Induction Unit
From Central A/C Unit
Typically installed at
perimeter wall under
window or overhead
Hot or Chilled Water
Mechanical Engineering Department
HVAC Systems
Typical Fan-Coil Unit
Air-Conditioned Air
Mechanical Engineering Department
Chilled Water or Brine/
Hot Water or Steam or
Electric Heater
Recycles Room Air, Cheapest Perimeter
System, Ventilation Provided Separately
HVAC Systems
Typical Air-Conditioning
Ventilator with Separate Coils
Mechanical Engineering Department
HVAC Systems
Schematic View of a Room Air-Conditioner
Mechanical Engineering Department
