The truth value of a compound

statement that contains the

word and and or
C4.3 (p.91)

Learning Outcomes (p.91)

4.3.6 Determine the truth value of a compound
statement which is the combination of two statements
with the word and

Set Induction (p.91)

p: Ah Peng is playing tennis. (True)
q: Samad is playing tennis. (True)
r: Samad is playing badminton. (False)
Combine the statements using the word and.
p and q: Ah Peng and Samad is playing tennis. (True)
p and r: Ah Peng is playing tennis and Samad is playing
badminton. (False)

Rules
For a compound statement that contains the word
and to be true, both statements must be true.

Truth table for and

p

p and q

True

True

True

True

False

False

False

True

False

False

False

False

Example 13 (p.92)
Determine

whether the following statements are true or

false.
(a) 42 7 x 2 = 12 and 12 is a multiple of 3.
(b) 2 and {2, 4, 6}{2}.
(c) 2n + 1 = 5 and 5t + 4x 4 = 0 are quadratic
p
q
p and
equations.
Solution:
(a)True
(b)False

(a) True
(b) True
(c) False

True
False
False

q
True
False
False

Exercise 4.3C (p.94)

1. Determine whether the statement containing the word
and is true or false.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)

There are 7 days in a week and 12 months True

in a year.
True
13 is an odd number and a prime factor of 26.
False
36 and 50 are perfect squares.
False
9 is a factor of 18 False
and 56.
ABA and ABA.
True
The values x = 0
and x = 2 satisfy the equation -1 < x 2.
False
-5 < -6 and 12 > 2.
True
The number 2.7 x 104 is written in standard form and is
equal to 27 000.

Learning Outcomes (p.91)

4.3.7 Determine the truth value of a compound
statement which is the combination of two statements
with the word or

Set Induction (p.92)

I have a pen
Means

or pencil.

1) I have a pen but not a pencil.

2) I have a pencil but not a pen.
3) I have both a pen and a pencil.

Rules
For a compound statement that contains the word or
to be true, either one statement is true or
statements are true.

both

Truth Table for or

p

p or q

True

True

True

True

False

True

False

True

True

False

False

False

Example 14 (p.93)
Determine
whether the following statements are true or false.

(a)28x2y 7x + 1 = 4xy + 1 or 12 is a factor of 6.

(b)4{2,4,6} or {2,4,6}{2,4,6} = {2,4,6}.
(c) 6 is a factor of 14 or a multiple of 12.
Solution:
Let p and q be the first and the second statements in the compound
statements.
(d)True
(e)True
(f) False

p
(a) True
(b) True
(c) False

q
False
True
False

p or q
True
True
False

Exercise 4.3C (p.94)

2. Determine whether the statement containing the word
or is true or false.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)

False
2.5 kg = 250 g or -92 = 81.
True
23 is a prime number or a prime factor
of 46.
True
9 or 64 are perfect cubes.
True
6 is a factor of 18False
or 54.
ABB or ABA.
True
The values x = 1 or True
x = -1 satisfies the equation x > -1.
-5 + 4 < -6 or -9 + 12 > 2.
True
7rst and rts are like terms or 2-3 is equivalent to .

Reflections
Determine the truth value of a compound statement
which is the combination of two statements with the
word and and or