Weld Joint Geometry and

Welding Symbols

Types of welds
Groove welds
Welding Technology
Lee Co. ATC
Images compliments of
the American Welding Society

Types of Welds
Numerous welds can be applied to
the various types of joints
Considerations when choosing joint
geometry and weld types:

accessibility to the joint for welding

type of welding process being used
suitability to the structural design
cost of welding

Types of Welds
There are nine categories of welds
associated with weld symbols

Groove welds
Fillet Welds
Plug or Slot welds
Stud welds
Spot or projection welds
Seam welds
Back Or Backing welds
Surfacing welds
Flange Welds

Types of Welds
Groove Welds
A groove weld is a weld made in a
groove between the work pieces
There are eight types of groove welds

Square-groove
Scarf
V-groove
Bevel-groove
U-groove
J-groove
Flare-v-groove
Flare-bevel-groove

Groove Welds
Square and double squaregroove welds

Square-groove welds are the most

economical to use, but are limited by
thickness of the members
Welds for one side are normally limited to a
1/4 inch or less

Groove Welds
V-and double V-groove
welds

With thicker materials joint accessibility

must be provided for welding to ensure weld
soundness and strength

Groove Welds
Bevel- and double-bevelgroove welds

Bevel- and J- groove welds are more difficult to

weld than V- or U- groove welds
Bevel welds are easier in horizontal

Types of Welds
U-groove and Double Ugroove

Welds in using J- and

U-grooves can be
used to minimize weld
metal
These welds are very
useful in thicker
sections

Groove Welds
J-and double-J-groove
welds
J-groove are more
difficult to weld
because of the one
vertical side
(except in
horizontal)
J-and U- are used
when economic
factors outweigh
the cost of edge
preparation

Groove Welds
flare-bevel and flare-vgroove welds
Flare -bevel and
flare-v-groove
welds are used in
connection with
flanged or
rounded member

Groove Welds
Scarf
Scarf is used for
brazing

Groove Welds
Their names imply what the actual
configurations look like when viewed in a
cross section
Single groove welds are welded from only
one side
Double groove welds are welded on both
sides
Groove welds in many combinations are
used selection is influenced by
accessibility, economy, adaptation to
structural design