LTI Discrete-Time

Systems in the
Transform Domain

August 9, 2016

Digital Signal Processing

DIGITAL FILTER
Classification

August 9, 2016

Digital Signal Processing

FIR Transfer Function

N

Y ( z)
n
H ( z)
h[n]z
X ( z ) n 0
Frequency Response
N

H (e ) h[n]e
j

jn

n 0

August 9, 2016

Digital Signal Processing

Y ( z)
H ( z)
h[0] h[1]z 1 h[2]z 2 .......... h[ N ]z N
X ( z)

IIR Transfer Function

Y ( z ) b[0] b[1]z 1 b[2]z 2 ....b[ N ]z N
H ( z)

1
2
M
X ( z ) 1 a[1]z a[2]z .......a[ M ]z

August 9, 2016

Digital Signal Processing

Apply IZT and convert the above expressions

into time domain eqn.

Use Time shifting Property

f n k z F [z ]
k

August 9, 2016

Digital Signal Processing

FIR Transfer Function

N

y[n] h[k ] x[n k ]

k 0

IIR Transfer Function

N

k 0

k 1

y[n] b[k ] x[n k ] a[k ] y[n k ]

August 9, 2016

Digital Signal Processing

Transfer Function
Classification

August 9, 2016

Digital Signal Processing

Transfer Function
Classification

August 9, 2016

Digital Signal Processing

Ideal Filters

August 9, 2016

Digital Signal Processing

Ideal Filters

August 9, 2016

Digital Signal Processing

10

Ideal Filters why pi is the

limit

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Digital Signal Processing

11

Ideal Filters

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Digital Signal Processing

12

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Digital Signal Processing

13

Ideal Filters
Obtain the inverse DTFT of the
frequency response HLP (ej) of the Ideal
Lowpass filter

Use IDTFT expression

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Digital Signal Processing

14

Ideal Filters
Answer

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Digital Signal Processing

15

Ideal Filters

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Digital Signal Processing

16

Ideal Filters

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Digital Signal Processing

17

Ideal Filters
Absolutely Summable

x[n]

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Digital Signal Processing

18

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Digital Signal Processing

19

Ideal Filters

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Digital Signal Processing

20

Bounded Real Transfer Functions

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Digital Signal Processing

21

Bounded Real Transfer

Functions

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Digital Signal Processing

22

Bounded Real Transfer

Functions

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Digital Signal Processing

23

Bounded Real Transfer

Functions

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Digital Signal Processing

24

Allpass Transfer Function

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Digital Signal Processing

25

Allpass Transfer Function

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Digital Signal Processing

26

Allpass Transfer Function

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Digital Signal Processing

27

Allpass Transfer Function

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Digital Signal Processing

28

Allpass Transfer Function

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Digital Signal Processing

29

Allpass Transfer Function

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Digital Signal Processing

30

Allpass Transfer Function

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Digital Signal Processing

31

Allpass Transfer Function

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Digital Signal Processing

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Problems
(1) Consider the first-order causal and
stable allpass transfer function
given by
*
1

1 d z
A( z )
z d1

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Digital Signal Processing

33

Determine the expression for

1 A( z )

0 for z 2 1

and show that

August 9, 2016

1 A( z ) 0 for z 1

2
0 for z 1
Digital Signal Processing

34

Solution

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Digital Signal Processing

35

August 9, 2016

Digital Signal Processing

36

(1) Show analytically the given transfer

functions are BR functions

2.6 2.6 z
(1) H1 ( z )
1
4.2 z

1.6 1.6 z
(2) H 2 ( z )
1
4.2 z
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Digital Signal Processing

37

Solution

(1)

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Digital Signal Processing

38

Solution
(2)

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Digital Signal Processing

39

Show analytically the given transfer

functions are BR functions

1
1
(1) H1 ( z ) 1 3 z
4

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Digital Signal Processing

40

Solution

August 9, 2016

Digital Signal Processing

41

Simple Digital Filters

August 9, 2016

Digital Signal Processing

42

Lowpass FIR Digital Filter

August 9, 2016

Digital Signal Processing

43

Moving Average System

1
y[n] x n x n 1 x n 2
3

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Digital Signal Processing

44

Moving-average Filter

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Digital Signal Processing

45

Moving-average Filter

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Digital Signal Processing

46

Lowpass FIR Digital Filter

August 9, 2016

Digital Signal Processing

47

Lowpass FIR Digital Filter

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Digital Signal Processing

48

Lowpass FIR Digital Filter

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Digital Signal Processing

49

Lowpass FIR Digital Filter

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Digital Signal Processing

50

Lowpass FIR Digital Filter

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Digital Signal Processing

51

Lowpass FIR Digital Filter

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Digital Signal Processing

52

Lowpass FIR Digital Filter

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Digital Signal Processing

53

Lowpass FIR Digital Filter

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Digital Signal Processing

54

Highpass FIR Digital Filter

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Digital Signal Processing

55

Highpass FIR Digital Filter

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Digital Signal Processing

56

Problem
(1) Design Bandpass and Bandstop FIR Digital
Filters
(i) Write their transfer functions
(ii) Explain their frequency response curves

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Digital Signal Processing

57