Carry-Lookahead Adders

CPE166/EEE 270 Handout

Basic Signals
Generate signal:
Propagate signal:

Carry recurrence

ci+1 = gi + cipi

gi = xiyi
pi = x i yi

Unrolling Carry Recurrence

ci = gi-1 + ci-1pi-1 =
= gi-1 + (gi-2 + ci-2pi-2)pi-1 = gi-1 + gi-2 pi-1 + ci-2pi-2pi-1 =
= gi-1 + gi-2 pi-1 + (gi-3 + ci-3pi-3)pi-2pi-1 =
= gi-1 + gi-2 pi-1 + gi-3 pi-2pi-1 + ci-3pi-3pi-2pi-1 =
= .. =
= gi-1 + gi-2 pi-1 + gi-3 pi-2pi-1 + gi-4pi-3pi-2pi-1 + .. +
+ g0p1p2pi-2pi-1 + c0p0p1p2pi-2pi-1 =
i-2

i-1

i-1

j=k+1
j=0pj
gi-1 +
pj + c0
k=0gk

4-bit Carry-Lookahead Adder (1)

c4 = g3 + g2 p3 + g1 p2p3 + g0p1p2p3 + c0p0p1p2p3
c3 = g2 + g1 p2 + g0 p1p2 + c0p0p1p2
c2 = g1 + g0 p1 + c0p0p1
c1 = g0 + c0 p0
s0 = x0 y0 c0 = p0 c0

s 1 = p1 c 1

s 2 = p2 c 2

s3 = p3 c3

4-bit Carry-Lookahead Adder (2)

c4 = g3 + c3p3

3 gates less

c3 = g2 + g1 p2 + g0 p1p2 + c0p0p1p2
c2 = g1 + g0 p1 + c0p0p1
c1 = g0 + c0 p0
s0 = x0 y0 c0 = p0 c0

s 1 = p1 c 1

s 2 = p2 c 2

s3 = p3 c3

4-bit Carry Network with Full Lookahead

4-bit Lookahead Carry Generator

Equations
ci+3 = gi+2 + gi+1 pi+2 + gi pi+1pi+2 + cipipi+1pi+2
ci+2 = gi+1 + gi pi+1 + cipipi+1
ci+1 = gi + ci pi

g[i..i+3] = gi+3 + gi+2 pi+3 + gi+1 pi+2 pi+3 + gi pi+1 pi+2 pi+3
p[i..i+3] = pi pi+1 pi+2 pi+3

4-bit Lookahead Carry Generator

Schematic