Professional Documents
Culture Documents
10 SSC
NEWTON
Music of Africa
1. Afrobeat-
Afrobeat is a
6. Juju- is
Reggae
Reggae is a Jamaican sound dominated by bass
guitar and drums
Samba
Samba is the basic underlying rhythm that typifies most Brazilian
music.
Soca
Soca is a modern Trinidadian and Tobago pop
music combining soul and calypso music.
Were
This is Muslim music performed often as a wake-up call
for early breakfast and prayers during Ramadan celebrations.
Zouk
Zouk is fast, carnival-like hythmic music, from the Creole
slang word for party, originating in the Carribean Islands of
Guadaloupe and Martinique and popularized in the 1980s.
A.Idiophones
B. Membranophones
C. Lamellaphone
percussion
instrument. Although known as a drum, it is not a
true
drum but is an idiophone. It is usually carved or
constructed
from bamboo or wood into a box with one or more
slits in
the top.
D. Chordophones
1. Musical bow
It consists of a single string attached to each end of a curved
stick, similar to a bow and arrow. The string is either plucked or
struck with another stick, producing a per-cussive yet delicate
sound. The earth bow, the mouth bow, and the resonator-bow are
the principal types of musical bows. The earth bow, ground bow, or
pit harp consist of a hole in the ground, a piece of flexible wood and
a piece of chord.
4. Zither
The zither is a stringed instrument
with varying sizes and shapes whose
strings are stretched along its body.
5.Zeze
The zeze is an African fiddle played
with a bow, a small wooden stick, or
plucked with the fingers. It has one or
two strings, made of steel or bicycle
brake wire.
E. Aerophones
Aerophones are instruments
which are produced initially by
trapped vibrating air columns or
which enclose a body of vibrating
air. Flutes in various sizes and
shapes, horns, panpipes, whistle
types, gourd and shell
megaphones, oboe, clarinet,
animal horn and wooden trumpets
fall under this category.
1. Flutes
are widely used throughout Africa and
either vertical or side-blown. They are
usually fashioned from a single tube
closed at one end and blown like a
bottle.
2. Horns
Horns and trumpets, found almost
everywhere in Africa, are commonly
made from elephant tusks and animal
horns.
Kudu horn
This is one type of horn made from
the horn of the kudu antelope. It
releases a mellow and warm sound
that adds a unique African accent to
the music. Today, the kudu horn can
also be seen in football matches,
where fans blow it to cheer for their
favorite teams.
3. Reed pipes
There are single-reed pipes made from hollow
guinea corn or sorghum stems, where the
reed is a flap partially cut from the stem near
one end. It is the vibration of this reed that
causes the air within the hollow instrument to
vibrate, thus creating the sound.
4. Whistles
Whistles found throughout the continent
may be made of wood or other materials.
Short pieces of horn serve as whistles,
often with a short tube inserted into the
mouthpiece.
5. Trumpets
Chajchas
rattle made from sheep, llama or goat hooves dried in the sun,
oiled and sewn into a wrist cloth bracelet.
Zampoas
-panpipes made of bamboo reeds
tied together.
Charango
Small ten-stringed guitar,
traditionally made from an armadillo
shell.
Quena
vertical notched reed flute originally made from
bones, clay or bamboo.
From Brazil:
Maracas
shakers traditionally made of gourd with
beans, seeds or small pebbles inside.
From Venezuela
Venezuelan
Ragtime
Scott Joplin
Big Band
The term Big Band refers to a large ensemble form
originating in the United States in the mid 1920s
closely associated with the Swing Era with jazz
elements.
Big band music originated in the United States and is
associated with jazz and the swing.
Bebop
Bebop or bop is a musical style of modern jazz
which is characterized by a fast tempo,
instrumental virtuosity, and improvisation. The
speed of the harmony, melody, and rhythm
resulted in a heavy performance where the
instrumental sound became more tense and free.
Dizzy Gillespie
Jazz Rock
Jazz rock is the music of
1960s and 1970s bands that
inserted jazz elements into
rock music.
Ryan Cayabyab
(Kay Ganda ng Ating Musika,
Kahit Ikay Panaginip Lang)
George Canseco
(Kapantay ay Langit,
Kastilyong Buhangin, Tubig at
Langis)
Philippines Jazz
Eddie Katindig
Bobby Enriquez
The Philippines also saw the rise of alternative folk music which was
different from the traditional and popular form. This new form
combined ethnic instrumentation with electronic accompaniment,
while presenting themes or issues of society and the environment.
Among other Filipino composers whose styles ranged from folk to
semi-ethnic werewere Freddie Aguilar, best known for his song Anak;
Yoyoy Villame, composer of Magellan; Florante, composer of Akoy
Isang Pinoy; and Gary Granada, composer of Ka Bayani.
PHILIPPINE ROCK
The year 1973 saw the birth of Philippine or Pinoy rock music which
successfully merged the rock beat with Filipino lyrics. This new sound
was introduced by the legendary Juan de la Cruz Band (with their song
Ang Himig Natin) which had for its members Joey Pepe Smith, Wally
Gonzales, and the originator of Jeproks, Mike Hanopol, who later became
a major symbol of Pinoy rock.
Continuing this legacy of Pinoy rock today are vocal groups and bands
that include River Maya, The Dawn, True Faith, The Eraserheads,
Wolfgang, Bamboo, Parokya ni Edgar, Hale, Sandwich, SugarFree,
Sponge Cola, and others
Pinoy Rap
In the Philippines, rap was also made popular by such
composers and performers as Francis Magalona (Mga
Kababayan Ko and Watawat) and Andrew E (Humanap Ka
ng Pangit).