Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Music
Quarter 1 – Module 1:
20th Century Music
Music – Grade 10
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 1: 20th Century Music
First Edition, 2020
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work
of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or
office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit.
Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of
royalties.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from
their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim
ownership over them.
Music
Quarter 1 – Module 1:
20th Century Music
I. Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration
their needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:
As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
2
For the learner:
Welcome to the Music Grade 10 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on 20th
Century Music!
The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in
your own hands!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be
enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.
What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.
3
process what you learned from the lesson.
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
4
What I Need to Know
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
understand and appreciate 20th Century music. The scope of this module permits it
to be used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the
diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the
standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be
changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.
5
What I Know
Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.
1. Which of the following music is impressionism?
A. Pierrot Lunaire
B. Claire de Lune
C. 4’33”
D. Poeme Electronique
2. What 20th century music is characterized by strong emotions?
A. Electronic Music
B. Chance music
C. Expressionism
D. Impressionism
3. Who is the composer of Claire de Lune?
A. Claude Debussy
B. John Cage
C. Edgard Varese
D. Arnold Schoenberg
4. Which of the following best describes electronic music?
A. Music is based on electric instruments.
B. Music style that uses synthesizers, tape recorders, and speakers
to produce different sounds.
C. Music that uses the sound of environment and records through
electronic machines.
D. Music is based on experimentation and requires improvisation
techniques.
5. Who is the composer of Pierrot Lunaire?
A. Claude Debussy
B. Edgard Varese
C. Arnold Schoenberg
D. John Cage
6. Who is the composer of “Mosaic Quartet”?
A. Claude Debussy
B. Henry Cowell
C. Arnold Schoenberg
D. Charles Ives
6
7. Known as “Father of Electronic Music”
A. John Cage
B. Edgard Varese
C. Karlheinz Stockhausen
D. Claude Debussy
8. The composer who created a “prepared” piano
A. Charles Ives
B. Henry Cowell
C. John Cage
D. Claude Debussy
9. Who is the composer of Verklarte Nacht (Transfigured Night)?
A. Charles Ives
B. John Cage
C. Edgard Varese
D. Arnold Schoenberg
10. It refers to experimentations in music with the help of electronic
machines
A. Music Concrete
B. Computer Music
C. Music Concert
D. Chance Music
You may check your answer in the answer key page found at
the end of the module. Be honest not to look at the other
answer keys found on the same page.
Lesson
Characteristics of 20th
1 Century Music
The 20th century is the period of new musical styles in music moving away
from the conventional techniques of the previous period to improvisations and
7
innovative style. These new styles were impressionism, expressionism, electronic
music and chance music.
What’s In
Impressionism
Expressionism
Electronic
Chance
Debussy
Schoenberg
8
What’s New
2. Can you identify the moods or feelings you experienced while listening to each
music?
The sounds you heard in each music and the moods and feelings you felt
are characteristics of 20th century music. On the next page, you will
learn more about Impressionism, Expressionism, Electronic Music and
Chance Music. Ready? Let’s go!
9
What is It
Impressionism
One of the earlier but concrete forms declaring the entry of 20th century music was
known as impressionism. It is a French movement in the late 19th and early 20th
century characterized by sublime moods and impressions. It was meant to create
an emotional mood rather than a specific picture. In terms of imagery,
impressionistic forms were translucent and hazy, as if trying to see through a rain-
drenched window. Claude Debussy is the the primary exponent of the
impressionist movement and the focal point for other impressionist composers.
Expressionism
Electronic Music
cfa
Chance music refers to a style wherein the piece always sounds different at every
performance because of the random techniques of production, including the use of
ring modulators or natural elements that become a part of the music. Most of the
sounds emanate from the surroundings,both natural and man-made, such as
honking cars, rustling leaves, blowing wind, dripping water, or a ringing phone. As
such, the combination of external sounds cannot be duplicated as each happens by
chance. John Cage was known as one of the 20th century composers who
experimented with what came to be known as “chance music”.
10
What’s More
Impressionism
1. Characteristics
2. Composer
3. Compostition
Electronic
Music
20th Expressionism
1. Characteristics
2. Composer
Century 1. Characteristics
2. Composer
3. Compostition
3. Compostition Music
Chance Music
1. Characteristics
2. Composer
3. Compostition
11
What I Have Learned
1. The 20th century gave rise to new musical styles. These new styles were
impressionism, expressionism, electronic music and chance music.
2. Impressionism is a French movement in the late 19th and early 20th century
characterized by sublime moods and impressions. It was meant to create an
emotional mood rather than a specific picture.
3. Claude Debussy is the proponent of Impressionism in music and one of his
famous work is Claire de Lune.
4. Expressionism revealed the composer’s mind, instead of presenting an
impression of the environment. It served as a medium for expressing strong
emotions, such as anxiety, rage, and alienation.
5. Arnold Schoenberg is the primary proponent of expressionism in music and one
of his famous work is Pierrot Lunaire.
6. Electronic music is the capacity of electronic machines such as synthesizers,
amplifiers, tape recorders, and loudspeakers to create different sounds
7. Technology has produced electronic music devices, which are used for creating
and recording music to add to or to replace acoustical sounds.
8. Edgard Varese is the distinct composer of electronic music and one of his
famous work is Poème Électronique.
9. Chance Music refers to a style wherein the piece always sounds different at
every performance because of the random techniques of production.
10.Most of the sounds in chance music emanate from the surroundings,both
natural and man-made, such as honking cars, rustling leaves, blowing wind,
dripping water, or a ringing phone.
11.John Cage was known as one of the 20th century composers who experimented
with chance music and his famous works are 4’33” and Concert for Prepared
Piano And Orchestra.
12
What I Can Do
Assessment
Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.
1. What 20th century music is characterized by strong emotions?
A. Electronic Music C. Expressionism
B. Chance music D. Impressionism
2. Which of the following music is impressionism?
A. Pierrot Lunaire C. 4’33”
B. Claire de Lune D. Poeme Electronique
3. Who is the composer of Pierrot Lunaire?
A. Claude Debussy C. Arnold Schoenberg
B. Edgard Varese D. John Cage
4. Which of the following best describes electronic music?
A. Music is based on electric instruments.
B. Music style that uses synthesizers, tape recorders, and speakers to
produce different sounds.
C. Music that uses the sound of environment and records through
electronic machines.
D. Music is based on experimentation and requires improvisation
techniques.
5. Who is the composer of Claire de Lune?
A. Claude Debussy C. Edgard Varese
B. John Cage D. Arnold Schoenberg
Additional
You may check your answer inActivities
the answer key page found at the end of
the module.
13
1. Listen or watch a video of the following of 20th century music:
a. Debussy – Claire de Lune, La Mer, Children’s Corner Suite
b. Schoenberg – Verklarte Nacht
c. Cage – 4’33"; Metamorphosis, for piano
d. Varese – Hyperprism for wind and percussion
14
Lesson
Analysis of 20th Century
2 Music
The new musical styles of the 20th century were truly unique and
innovative. Composers experimented with the elements of rhythm, melody,
harmony, tempo, and timbre in daring ways never attempted before. These
expanded the concept of music far beyond the conventions of earlier periods, and
challenged both the new composers and the listening public.
What’s In
1. Impressionism
2. Expressionism
3. Electronic Music
4. Chance Music
15
What’s New
Elements of Music:
The following elements of music will be used to analyze 20 th century music.
Listen to the following music. Describe the music based on music elements
following the chart below. Write your answer in your activity notebook.
20TH Century Melody Rhythm Tempo Texture Timbre
Music Consonant, Regular, Slow, Monophonic, Voice,
Dissonant Irregular Moderate, Homophonic Instruments
Fast , Polyphonic , Things,
Animals
1. Claire de Lune
https://www.youtu
be.com/watch?
v=CvFH_6DNRCY
2. Pierrot Lunaire
https://www.youtub
e.com/watch?
v=O5DNxRG2-ow
3. Poème
Électronique
https://www.youtub
e.com/watch?
v=zEvS0EthYbU
4. Concert for
Prepared Piano
And Orchestra
https://www.youtub
16
e.com/watch?
v=ms70jqdZHzs
What is It
Impressionism
In impressionism, the sounds of different chords overlapped lightly with each other
to produce new subtle musical colors. Chords did not have a definite order and a
sense of clear resolution. Other features include the lack of a tonic-dominant
relationship which normally gives the feeling of finality to a piece, moods and
textures, harmonic vagueness about the structure of certain chords, and use of the
whole-tone scale, which uses the notes with whole intervals.
Expressionism
Expressionism is characterized by a high level of dissonance, extreme contrasts of
dynamics, constantly changing textures, ‘distorted’ melodies and harmonies with
wide leaps. Expressionism uses the twelve-tone scale, basically applying all the
tones in music, which is also called chromaticism.
17
Electronic Music
Electronic Music is the capacity of electronic machines to create different sounds.
Music that uses the tape recorder is called musique concrete, or concrete music.
The composer records different sounds that are heard in the environment such as
the bustle of traffic, the sound of the wind, the barking of dogs,or the strumming of
a guitar. These sounds are arranged by the composer in different ways, thus,
experimentation is always the process.
Chance Music
Music always sounds different at every performance because of the random
techniques of production, including natural elements that become a part of the
music. As such, the combination of external sounds cannot be duplicated as each
happens by chance.
18
What’s More
2. Following the example above, create your own graphic illustration of the
sounds you heard based on music elemnts: melody, rhythm, tempo, texture,
timbre.
3. Be guided by the checklist below:
My Checklist Guide Evident Not Evident
1. Did I draw my lines
to move along with
the melody?
2. Did I create
variations on the
lines I used?
3. Are my lines
creatively drawn
along with the other
lines?
19
What I Have Learned
What I Can Do
20
Assessment
Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.
1. Which of the following is true about impressionism?
A. it uses whole-tone scale
B. it uses the 12-tone scale
C. it uses synthesizers, amplifiers, tape recorders and other electronic
equipment
D. it made use of different sounds of surrondings to create music
You may check your answer in the answer key page found at the end of
the module.
21
Additional Activities
1. Claire de Lunehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CvFH_6DNRCY
2. Pierrot Lunaire https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O5DNxRG2-ow
3. Poème Électronique https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zEvS0EthYbU
4. Concert for Prepared Piano And Orchestra https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=ms70jqdZHzs
22
Lesson Composers of 20th Century
3 Music (Impressionism and
Expressionism)
The distinct musical styles of Impressionism and Expressionism would not
have developed if not for the musical genius of individual composers such as
Claude Debussy and Arnold Schoenberg. These composers clearly reflected the
growing globalization of musical styles in the 20th century.
What’s In
What’s New
You may check your answer in the answer key page found at the end
of the module. Be honest!
23
Unjumble the letters to form the name of the composers. Write your answer in
your activity notebook.
You may check your answers in the answer key page found at the
end of the module.
What is It
24
Claude Debussy (1862-1918)
25
Activity 3: Let’s Get Organized! – Critical Thinking
Use the diagram below to differentiate the representative composers of 20 th
century music. Write your answer in the activity notebook.
Impressionism
Claude Debussy
1. Style in Music Compositions
2. Contributions to the
Development of Music
3. Title of Famous Compositions
20th Century
Music
Expressionism
Arnold Schoenberg
1. Style in Music Compositions
2. Contributions to the
Development of Music
3. Title of Famous Compositions
26
2. Claude Debussy is the primary proponent of whole-tone scale and his
musical works deviated from the conventional and traditional style of
Romantic period to a more free form and new tonalities and sounds.
3. Arnold Schoenberg’s tonal preference gradually turned to the
dissonant and atonal, as he explored the use of chromatic harmonies.
4. Schoenberg’s works were met with extreme reactions, either strong
hostility from the general public or enthusiastic acclaim from his
supporters.
5. Schoenberg is credited with the twelve-tone system.
27
What I Can Do
Assessment
Write TRUE if the statement is correct. Write FALSE if the statement is wrong.
You may check your answer in the answer key page found at
the end of the module.
28
Additional Activities
Listening Activities:
29
Lesson Composers of 20th Century
Music (Electronic Music and
4 Chance Music)
The musical styles that evolved in the modern era were varied. Some of these
were short-lived, being experimental and too radical in nature,while others found
an active blend between the old and the new. Newinventions and discoveries of
science and technology lead to continuing developments in the field of music.
What’s In
1. Whole-tone scale
2. Strong emotions
3. Tweve-tone scale
4. Chromaticism
5. Claire de Lune
6. Dissonant and atonal
7. Impressionism
8. Expressionism
9. Father of the Modern School of Composition
10. Fascinated by the Javanese gamelan
You may check your answers in the answer key page found at the
end of the module.
What’s New
Activity 2: Picture Perfect! - Communication
Unjumble the letters to form the name of the composers. Write your answer in
your activity notebook.
You may check your answers in the answer key page found at the
end of the module.
What is It
Edgard Varese
John Cage
He challenged the very idea of
music by manipulating musical
instruments in order to achieve
new sounds.
He experimented with what came by Unknown Author is licensed under
to be known as “chance music.”
In one instance, Cage created a
“prepared” piano, where screws
and pieces of wood or paper were
inserted between thepiano
stringsto produce different
percussive possibilities.
Famous Works: Concert for
Piano and Orchestra, 4’33”
What’s More
20th Century
Music
Chance Music
John Cage
1. Style in Music Compositions
2. Contributions to the
Development of Music
3. Title of Famous Compositions
What I Can Do
Assessment
Write TRUE if the statement is correct. Write FALSE if the statement is wrong.
You may check your answer in the answer key page found at
the end of the module.
Additional Activities
Lesson
Application of 20th Century Music
5 (Impressionism/Expressionism)
The period of 19th and 20th century perceived the two world wars and had
been a period of many changes: advancement of technology, a period of many
inventions such as telephone, television, electronic light, computers, cassette tapes,
synthesizers, CD players, and many others.
What’s In
Debussy
Schoenberg
What’s New
In this lesson, you will explore other arts and media that portray 20 th century
music elements through video films or live performances. You will discover your
creativity, music inclinations, and potentials through actual performance.
What is It
The 20th century covers the period from January 1, 1901 to December
31,2000.
This century is a full step forward from the rich culture and traditions. It
produced music composers, singers and musicians known to be artistic, dance and
music lovers, emotional, expressive, impressive, appreciative and religious.
Twentieth century composers use music in giving guidelines for behavior in
society, in giving power to the government, and in teaching. Music is also used to
arrive at an agreement and to get cooperation in the society.
Using Impressionism/Expressionistic music through the lens of other art
forms.
Im
Mary Wigman, Dancer Choreographer and pressionism music is used in RPG videogame The
pioneer of expressionist dance. Legend of Zelda: Breath of wild. It’s music that
Photo source Wikipedia you can’t sing, music that you might notice, but
music that describes the experience.
Photo source Wikipedia
Combining music and film, music and visuals, music and commercials, music and
dance can attract us and bring new perspectives to everyone involved. Music and
art feel like close siblings in the family of creative expression.
What’s More
Guide Questions
1.Which of the video clips catches your attention? Why?
2. How is it music of 20th century related to other art forms and media?
What I Have Learned
1. The 20th century is a full step forward from the rich culture and traditions.
2. Impressionistic and expressionistic music can be applied not only in listening, it
can also apply to other media and art forms such as sand art, paintings, dance
accompaniment, films, animations, games commercials and advertisements
3. Combining music and film, music and visuals, music and commercials, music
and dance can attract us and bring new perspectives to everyone involved.
What I Can Do
Reflect!
1. What style of 20th century music did you choose from the video? Why?
2. Were the emotions true to you as character?
3. What was your all overall opinion of applying impressionist/expressionist
music in other forms of arts or media?
4. Enumerate the problems you encountered while in the process of creating
the video
Assessment
Your performance in the activity will be evaluated using the following rubric
Needs
Outstanding Satisfactory Improving Improvement
(20 pts) (16 pts) (13 pts) (10 pts)
Presentation of Content and Some information Presentation of
content is information is are content is not so
clear,accurate and clear,appropriate inappropriate,not so clear and confusing
appropriate; giving but not so much clear, and flow of due to lack of
all the necessary continuity of idea is ideas shows some continuity
information with shown lapses
continuity.
What’s In
Electronic Chance
Music Music
# #
# #
# #
# #
# #
What’s New
Can you tell me something about the pictures? What do you observe? What
kind of musical instrument/s did they use in each picture?
Contemporary styles have liberated not only forms but all the elements of music
from the rigid and restrictions of the past.
What is It
Music is everywhere. We can use any materials/instruments to create music. On
the next page, you will discover more about Chance music and how create
examples of it. Ready? Let’s go!
In the 20th century, chance music went from a novelty to serious business.
American composers Charles Ives in the early 1900s and Henry Cowell in the
1930s emptied chance techniques. Composer, John Cage, was a pioneer of what he
referred to as "Indeterminacy." Indeterminacy is a composing technique where
some aspects of a musical work are left open to chance or to the performer's choice.
No doubt, Chance music is a combination of external sounds that cannot be
duplicated as each happens by chance.
On the other hand, Electronic music production starts with the combination,
modification, and control of sounds produced through oscillators. This is followed
by recording of the studios on tape, after which the composers have splice the
tapes and mix the output with recorded sounds of physical objects in motion or
those of singers or speakers. This tape now contains both its performance and
piece of music.
Science has brought about a tremendous expansion of musical resources by
making available to the composer a spectrum of sounds ranging from pure tones at
one extreme to random noise at the other. It has made possible the rhythmic
organization of music to a degree of subtlety and complexity hitherto unattainable.
What’s More
Activity 3: Home Explorer! – Critical Thinking, Collaboration
Use the diagram below to categorize your artistic potentials in electronic and
chance music and possible sound productions/musical instruments inside your
home. Write your answer in the activity notebook.
Chance Electronic
Music Music
What I Can Do
Reflect!
1.What can you say about the flow of your music video?
2. Which instruments did you use to create a good chance music?
3. Enumerate the problems you encountered while in the process of creating the
video
Assessment
Your performance in the activity will be evaluated using the following rubric
PERFORMANCE RUBRIC
Indicators Levels of Performance
Excellent Good Fair Total
(20pts) (15 pts) (10 pts)
The song is
well chosen
for a music
video
The performer
exhibits
creativity in
creating the
music video
The music
video was
sung in
correct
melody,
dynamics and
rhythm.
The
performers
interpretation
in the music
video is a
soulful
performance
The
performance
displays
showmanship
and artistic
excellence
Total
Lesson
What’s In
1. 2. 3.
4. 5.
What is It
What’s More
You may encourage to join your family members in making the music video
but make sure that you are practicing social distancing. After you finish your
TikTok video, e-mail it to your teacher together with your reflection journal that
includes a screenshot of the comments about your performance and the reason/s
why you like those comments.
1. After you finished your TikTok video how do you feel? Why?
2. From which 20th and 21st century music you can relate your life? Why?
3. Enumerate the problems you encountered while in the process of creating the
video
Assessment
Your performance in the activity will be evaluated using the following rubric
PERFORMANCE RUBRIC
Indicators Levels of Performance
Excellent Good Fair Total
(10 pts) (7 pts) (5 pts)
The song is
well chosen for
a TikTok video
The student
exhibits
creativity and
resourcefulness
in creating the
TikTok video
The TikTok
performance is
informative yet
entertaining
The student’s
performance is
well rehearsed
The student
performs with
showmanship
and artistic
excellence
Total
Lesson 1
A. Assess B. What I
ment Know
1. C C. Answer Key
2. A
D. 1. B
3. C
4. B 6. D
5. A E. 2. C
7. B
F. 3. A
8. C
G. 4. B
9. D
H. 5. C
10.A
Lesson 2
I. Assessment
1. A
2. C
3. D
4. B
5. D
Lesson 3
A. What’s In
Lesson
4
A. What’s In B. What’s
O. Answer Key New
1. A M. Edgard
2. B Varese
3. B
N. John Cage
4. B
5. A
6. B
7. A
8. B
9. A
10. A
C. Assessment
6. true
7. true
8. true
9. false
10.false
11.true
12.false
13.true
14.false
15. false
Lesson 7-8
4pics 1 word
1. Electronic
2. Impressionism
3. Experimental
4. Expressionism
5. Chance
References
Books
Mojica, Angelina A., and Rodelia Natividad Tangco. 2015. Honing Your Skills
Through MAPEH 10. Jo-Es Publishing House.
Muyot, Fritzimarie R., Maria Clara G. Baarde, Maridina D. Garcia, and Esmeralda
Pastor. 2015. MAPEH On The Go!. Sunshine Interlinks publishing House Inc.
Internet
“Electronic Gadgets Icons Technology Electronics Vector Image”, n.d. Accessed May
22, 2020.
https://www.vectorstock.com/royalty-free-vector/electronic-gadgets-icons-
technology-electronics-vector-13740628.
Play Online Dice Games. 2020. “Online Mozart Dice Game”. Accessed 15 March
2020. http://www.playonlinedicegames.com/mozart
Stuart, K. and MacDonald, K., 2020. “The 50 Best Video Games Of The 21St
Century”. Accessed 23 May 2020.
https://www.theguardian.com/games/2019/sep/19/50-best-video-games-
of-the-21st-century
The Magazine for People in Politics: Campaigns & Elections. “The Magazine for
People in Politics | Campaigns & Elections”. Accessed May 22, 2020.
https://www.campaignsandelections.com/prestitial.