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Music
Quarter 1 – Module 1:
20th Century Music
Music – Grade 10
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 1: 20th Century Music
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work
of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or
office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit.
Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of
royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from
their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim
ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education


Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module


Writers: Leah Santos-Olmos, Master Teacher I, Cayetano Arellano High School
Jezreel K. Lastra, Teacher I, Lakan Dula High School
Editors: Marcos S. Gomez, Head Teacher VI
Reviewers: Luis M. Anchilo, PSDS & Supervisor-in-Charge (MAPEH)
Illustrator:
Layout Artist: Leah Santos-Olmos and Jezreel K. Lastra
Management Team: Malcolm S. Garma, Regional Director
Genia V. Santos, CLMD Chief
Dennis M. Mendoza, Regional EPS In Charge of LRMS
Regional ADM Coordinator
Maria Magdalena M. Lim, CESO V, Schools Division Superintendent
Aida H. Rondilla, CID Chief
Lucky S. Carpio, EPS In Charge of LRMS

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education – NCR

Office Address: ____________________________________________


____________________________________________
Telefax: ____________________________________________
E-mail Address: ____________________________________________
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Music
Quarter 1 – Module 1:
20th Century Music
I. Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Music Grade 10 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on


20th Century Music!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators


both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in
helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while
overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration
their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher


This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

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For the learner:

Welcome to the Music Grade 10 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on 20th
Century Music!

The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in
your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be
enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to


check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link


the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be


introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of


the lesson. This aims to help you discover
and understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent


practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank


sentence/paragraph to be filled in to

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process what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will


help you transfer your new knowledge or
skill into real life situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your


level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given


to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of
the lesson learned. This also tends retention
of learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the


module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in


developing this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
understand and appreciate 20th Century music. The scope of this module permits it
to be used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the
diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the
standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be
changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

The module is divided into eight lessons, namely:


 Lesson 1 – Characteristics of 20th Century Music
 Lesson 2 – Analysis of 20th Century Music
 Lesson 3 – Understanding 20th Century
Music(Impressionism/Expressionism)
 Lesson 4 - Understanding 20th Century Music
(Electronic Music/Chance Music)
 Lesson 5 – Application of 20th Century Music
(Impressionism/Expressionism)
 Lesson 6 - Application of 20th Century Music (Electronic Music/Chance
Music)
 Lesson 7 - Evaluation and Assessment of 20th Century Music
(Impressionism/Expressionism)
 Lesson 8 – Evaluation of 20th Century Music
(Electronic Music and Chance Music)

After going through this module, you are expected to:


1. listen perceptively to selected 20th century music;
2. describe distinctive musical elements of given pieces in 20th century styles;
3. explain the performance practice (setting, composition, role of
composers/performers, and audience) of 20th century music;
4. explore other arts and media that portray 20th century elements through
video films or live performances;
5. evaluate music and music performances using guided rubrics.

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What I Know

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.
1. Which of the following music is impressionism?
A. Pierrot Lunaire
B. Claire de Lune
C. 4’33”
D. Poeme Electronique
2. What 20th century music is characterized by strong emotions?
A. Electronic Music
B. Chance music
C. Expressionism
D. Impressionism
3. Who is the composer of Claire de Lune?
A. Claude Debussy
B. John Cage
C. Edgard Varese
D. Arnold Schoenberg
4. Which of the following best describes electronic music?
A. Music is based on electric instruments.
B. Music style that uses synthesizers, tape recorders, and speakers
to produce different sounds.
C. Music that uses the sound of environment and records through
electronic machines.
D. Music is based on experimentation and requires improvisation
techniques.
5. Who is the composer of Pierrot Lunaire?
A. Claude Debussy
B. Edgard Varese
C. Arnold Schoenberg
D. John Cage
6. Who is the composer of “Mosaic Quartet”?
A. Claude Debussy
B. Henry Cowell
C. Arnold Schoenberg
D. Charles Ives

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7. Known as “Father of Electronic Music”
A. John Cage
B. Edgard Varese
C. Karlheinz Stockhausen
D. Claude Debussy
8. The composer who created a “prepared” piano
A. Charles Ives
B. Henry Cowell
C. John Cage
D. Claude Debussy
9. Who is the composer of Verklarte Nacht (Transfigured Night)?
A. Charles Ives
B. John Cage
C. Edgard Varese
D. Arnold Schoenberg
10. It refers to experimentations in music with the help of electronic
machines
A. Music Concrete
B. Computer Music
C. Music Concert
D. Chance Music

You may check your answer in the answer key page found at
the end of the module. Be honest not to look at the other
answer keys found on the same page.

Lesson
Characteristics of 20th
1 Century Music
The 20th century is the period of new musical styles in music moving away
from the conventional techniques of the previous period to improvisations and

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innovative style. These new styles were impressionism, expressionism, electronic
music and chance music.

What’s In

Activity 1: Word Search – Communication


Below are terms related to 20th century music. Encircle the words you will
find and write in your activity notebook.

Impressionism
Expressionism
Electronic
Chance
Debussy
Schoenberg

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What’s New

Activity 2: Let’s Listen! – Critical Thinking

Listen to the following music. Write your observations in your activity


notebook following the chart below:

20TH Century Title of Composer Sounds Moods /


Music Composition Observed Feelings
1. Impressionism Claire de Lune Claude
https://www.youtube.co Debussy
m/watch?
v=CvFH_6DNRCY
2. Expressionism Pierrot Lunaire Arnold
https://www.youtub Schoenberg
e.com/watch?
v=O5DNxRG2-ow
3. Electronic Poème Électronique Edgard
Music https://www.youtub Varese
e.com/watch?
v=zEvS0EthYbU
4. Chance Music Concert for Prepared John Cage
Piano And Orchestra
https://www.youtub
e.com/watch?
v=ms70jqdZHzs

Guide Questions for Reflections:

1. What types of sounds did you hear in each music?

2. Can you identify the moods or feelings you experienced while listening to each
music?

The sounds you heard in each music and the moods and feelings you felt
are characteristics of 20th century music. On the next page, you will
learn more about Impressionism, Expressionism, Electronic Music and
Chance Music. Ready? Let’s go!

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What is It

Impressionism
One of the earlier but concrete forms declaring the entry of 20th century music was
known as impressionism. It is a French movement in the late 19th and early 20th
century characterized by sublime moods and impressions. It was meant to create
an emotional mood rather than a specific picture. In terms of imagery,
impressionistic forms were translucent and hazy, as if trying to see through a rain-
drenched window. Claude Debussy is the the primary exponent of the
impressionist movement and the focal point for other impressionist composers.

Expressionism

Expressionism revealed the composer’s mind, instead of presenting an impression


of the environment. It served as a medium for expressing strong emotions, such as
anxiety, rage, and alienation. Arnold Schoenberg is the primary proponent of
expressionism in music.

Electronic Music

The capacity of electronic machines such as synthesizers, amplifiers, tape


recorders, and loudspeakers to create different sounds was given importance by
20th century composers like Edgard Varese.

cfa

Chance music refers to a style wherein the piece always sounds different at every
performance because of the random techniques of production, including the use of
ring modulators or natural elements that become a part of the music. Most of the
sounds emanate from the surroundings,both natural and man-made, such as
honking cars, rustling leaves, blowing wind, dripping water, or a ringing phone. As
such, the combination of external sounds cannot be duplicated as each happens by
chance. John Cage was known as one of the 20th century composers who
experimented with what came to be known as “chance music”.

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What’s More

Activity 3: Let’s Get Organized! – Critical Thinking


Use the diagram below to identify the characteristics of 20 th century music,
its composers and their composition. Write your answer in the activity notebook.

Impressionism
1. Characteristics
2. Composer
3. Compostition

Electronic
Music
20th Expressionism
1. Characteristics
2. Composer
Century 1. Characteristics
2. Composer
3. Compostition
3. Compostition Music

Chance Music
1. Characteristics
2. Composer
3. Compostition

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What I Have Learned

1. The 20th century gave rise to new musical styles. These new styles were
impressionism, expressionism, electronic music and chance music.
2. Impressionism is a French movement in the late 19th and early 20th century
characterized by sublime moods and impressions. It was meant to create an
emotional mood rather than a specific picture.
3. Claude Debussy is the proponent of Impressionism in music and one of his
famous work is Claire de Lune.
4. Expressionism revealed the composer’s mind, instead of presenting an
impression of the environment. It served as a medium for expressing strong
emotions, such as anxiety, rage, and alienation.
5. Arnold Schoenberg is the primary proponent of expressionism in music and one
of his famous work is Pierrot Lunaire.
6. Electronic music is the capacity of electronic machines such as synthesizers,
amplifiers, tape recorders, and loudspeakers to create different sounds
7. Technology has produced electronic music devices, which are used for creating
and recording music to add to or to replace acoustical sounds.
8. Edgard Varese is the distinct composer of electronic music and one of his
famous work is Poème Électronique.
9. Chance Music refers to a style wherein the piece always sounds different at
every performance because of the random techniques of production.
10.Most of the sounds in chance music emanate from the surroundings,both
natural and man-made, such as honking cars, rustling leaves, blowing wind,
dripping water, or a ringing phone.
11.John Cage was known as one of the 20th century composers who experimented
with chance music and his famous works are 4’33” and Concert for Prepared
Piano And Orchestra.

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What I Can Do

Activity 4: Speak out! – Creativity, Collaboration, Character


Building
While listening to Claire de Lune, imagine your are in your favorite place where you
always find peace. Now while listening, think of things that you would like to say to your
loved ones to inspire and share positivism in times of pandemic and crisis. Write your
answer in your activity notebook.

Assessment

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.
1. What 20th century music is characterized by strong emotions?
A. Electronic Music C. Expressionism
B. Chance music D. Impressionism
2. Which of the following music is impressionism?
A. Pierrot Lunaire C. 4’33”
B. Claire de Lune D. Poeme Electronique
3. Who is the composer of Pierrot Lunaire?
A. Claude Debussy C. Arnold Schoenberg
B. Edgard Varese D. John Cage
4. Which of the following best describes electronic music?
A. Music is based on electric instruments.
B. Music style that uses synthesizers, tape recorders, and speakers to
produce different sounds.
C. Music that uses the sound of environment and records through
electronic machines.
D. Music is based on experimentation and requires improvisation
techniques.
5. Who is the composer of Claire de Lune?
A. Claude Debussy C. Edgard Varese
B. John Cage D. Arnold Schoenberg

Additional
You may check your answer inActivities
the answer key page found at the end of
the module.

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1. Listen or watch a video of the following of 20th century music:
a. Debussy – Claire de Lune, La Mer, Children’s Corner Suite
b. Schoenberg – Verklarte Nacht
c. Cage – 4’33"; Metamorphosis, for piano
d. Varese – Hyperprism for wind and percussion

2. Write your reflections in your activity notebook based on the following


pointers:
a. Characteristics of music
b. Moods/Feelings related to the music

Notes to the Teacher


All reflection journals, portfolio and
activity notebooks will be collected at the
end of the quarter for assessment.

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Lesson
Analysis of 20th Century
2 Music
The new musical styles of the 20th century were truly unique and
innovative. Composers experimented with the elements of rhythm, melody,
harmony, tempo, and timbre in daring ways never attempted before. These
expanded the concept of music far beyond the conventions of earlier periods, and
challenged both the new composers and the listening public.

What’s In

Activity 1: Fill Me In! – Critical Thinking


Complete the table with correct descriptions. Choose from the
words/phrases below.

20TH Century Music Description Composer Composition

1. Impressionism

2. Expressionism
3. Electronic Music

4. Chance Music

John Cage strong emotions random techniques

Synthesizers Pierrot Lunaire Arnold Schoenberg

sublime moods Claude Debussy Poeme Electronique

Edgard Varese Claire de Lune

Concert for Prepared Piano and Orchestra

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What’s New

Elements of Music:
The following elements of music will be used to analyze 20 th century music.

1. Melody – the succession of notes of varying pitch arranged in ascending or


descending order to create a sound.
A. Consonance – melodic sound associated with pleasantness
B. Dissonance – melodic sound associated with harshness or
unpleasantness
2. Rhythm – pattern of beats in music
A. Regular Rhythm
B. Irregular Rhythm
3. Tempo – the speed in music
4. Texture – the thickness or thinness of a sound.
A. Monophonic – there is only one melodic line
B. Homophonic – there are 2 independent melodic line, it can be one melody
and an accompaniment or two different melodies
C. Polyphonic – there are 3 or more independent melodies heard/played at
the same time.
5. Timbre – the quality of sound in music

Activity 2: Let’s Listen! – Critical Thinking

Listen to the following music. Describe the music based on music elements
following the chart below. Write your answer in your activity notebook.
20TH Century Melody Rhythm Tempo Texture Timbre
Music Consonant, Regular, Slow, Monophonic, Voice,
Dissonant Irregular Moderate, Homophonic Instruments
Fast , Polyphonic , Things,
Animals
1. Claire de Lune
https://www.youtu
be.com/watch?
v=CvFH_6DNRCY
2. Pierrot Lunaire
https://www.youtub
e.com/watch?
v=O5DNxRG2-ow
3. Poème
Électronique
https://www.youtub
e.com/watch?
v=zEvS0EthYbU
4. Concert for
Prepared Piano
And Orchestra
https://www.youtub

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e.com/watch?
v=ms70jqdZHzs

What is It

20TH Century Music Melody Rhythm Tempo Texture Timbre


Consonant, Regular, Slow, Monophonic, Voice,
Dissonant Irregular Moderate, Homophonic, Instruments,
Fast Polyphonic Things,
Animals
1. Claire de Lune Consonant Regular Slow to Homophonic Instrument:
https://www.youtub moderate piano
e.com/watch?
v=CvFH_6DNRCY
2. Pierrot Lunaire Dissonant Irregular Moderate Polyphonic Voice,
https://www.youtube. Instrument:
com/watch? orchestra
v=O5DNxRG2-ow
3. Poème Dissonant Irregular Slow to Polyphonic Voice,
Électronique moderate instruments,
https://www.youtube. things,
com/watch?
animals
v=zEvS0EthYbU
4. Concert for Dissonant Irregular Slow to Polyphonic Instrument:
Prepared Piano moderate Piano
And Orchestra orchestra
https://www.youtube.
com/watch?
v=ms70jqdZHzs

Impressionism
In impressionism, the sounds of different chords overlapped lightly with each other
to produce new subtle musical colors. Chords did not have a definite order and a
sense of clear resolution. Other features include the lack of a tonic-dominant
relationship which normally gives the feeling of finality to a piece, moods and
textures, harmonic vagueness about the structure of certain chords, and use of the
whole-tone scale, which uses the notes with whole intervals.

Expressionism
Expressionism is characterized by a high level of dissonance, extreme contrasts of
dynamics, constantly changing textures, ‘distorted’ melodies and harmonies with
wide leaps. Expressionism uses the twelve-tone scale, basically applying all the
tones in music, which is also called chromaticism.

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Electronic Music
Electronic Music is the capacity of electronic machines to create different sounds.
Music that uses the tape recorder is called musique concrete, or concrete music.
The composer records different sounds that are heard in the environment such as
the bustle of traffic, the sound of the wind, the barking of dogs,or the strumming of
a guitar. These sounds are arranged by the composer in different ways, thus,
experimentation is always the process.

Chance Music
Music always sounds different at every performance because of the random
techniques of production, including natural elements that become a part of the
music. As such, the combination of external sounds cannot be duplicated as each
happens by chance.

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What’s More

Activity 3: Music Contour – Creativity, Communication


1. Choose from the following 20th century music and listen to it.
 Claire de Lune https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CvFH_6DNRCY
 Pierrot Lunaire https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O5DNxRG2-ow
 Poème Électronique https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=zEvS0EthYbU
 Concert for Prepared Piano And Orchestra
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ms70jqdZHzs

Illustration from Music and Arts Teacher’s Guide Grade 9

2. Following the example above, create your own graphic illustration of the
sounds you heard based on music elemnts: melody, rhythm, tempo, texture,
timbre.
3. Be guided by the checklist below:
My Checklist Guide Evident Not Evident
1. Did I draw my lines
to move along with
the melody?
2. Did I create
variations on the
lines I used?
3. Are my lines
creatively drawn
along with the other
lines?

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What I Have Learned

1. The elements of music give distinct characteristics to impressionism,


expressionism, electronic music and chance music.
2. Impressionism uses the whole-tone scale while expressionism uses the twelve-
tone scale.
3. Music Concrete is an electronic music that uses tape recorder to record sounds
that are heard in the environment.
4. In chance music, the combination of external sounds cannot be duplicated as
each happens by chance, thus, music sound different in every performance.
5. Music of the 20th century makes a wide-use of music elements to express,
impress, create and experiment.

What I Can Do

Activity 4: Hear Me! – Creativity, Collaboration

1. Watch John Cage’s chance music entitled 4’33”


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Oh-o3udImy8
2. Create your own version using improvised instruments. Perform it
and ask your friends or family to be your audience.
3. Write your reflections in your activity notebook based on the following
questions:
c. What are the reactions/feelings of your audience?
d. What did you feel? Why?
e. How can you apply what you’ve learned in this lesson?

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Assessment

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.
1. Which of the following is true about impressionism?
A. it uses whole-tone scale
B. it uses the 12-tone scale
C. it uses synthesizers, amplifiers, tape recorders and other electronic
equipment
D. it made use of different sounds of surrondings to create music

2. This 20th century music reveals the composer's mind, characterized by


strong emotions and uses the 12-tone scale. What music style is this?
A. Chance Music C. Expressionism
B. Impressionism D. Electronic Music

3. Which of the following best describes Chance Music?


A. Music is based on probabilities.
B. Most of the sounds came from the surroundings, both natural and
man-made.
C. Music based on combination of sounds from external sources which
cannot be duplicated.
D. Music always sounds different at every performance because of the
random techniques of production.

4. This music is a combination of sounds from instruments, animals, vehicles


and human voice recorded using speakers and tape recorders. What music
style is that?
A. ChanceMusic C. Impressionism
B. Electronic Music D. Expressionism

5. Musical elements give distinct characteristics to music. Which of the


following identifies the quality of sound?
A. Rhythm C. Texture
B. Melody D. Timbre

You may check your answer in the answer key page found at the end of
the module.

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Additional Activities

Draw the Music! - Creativity


The music elements such as melody, rhythm, tempo, texture and timbre
suggests moods, expresses the composer’s mind and gives other sensations as we
listen to the music. In this activity, listen to any of the suggested music, and draw
or paint what you feel or think based on the characteristics of the music.
Suggested Music:

1. Claire de Lunehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CvFH_6DNRCY
2. Pierrot Lunaire https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O5DNxRG2-ow
3. Poème Électronique https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zEvS0EthYbU
4. Concert for Prepared Piano And Orchestra https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=ms70jqdZHzs

Notes to the Teacher


All reflection journals, portfolio and
activity notebooks will be collected at the
end of the quarter for assessment.

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Lesson Composers of 20th Century
3 Music (Impressionism and
Expressionism)
The distinct musical styles of Impressionism and Expressionism would not
have developed if not for the musical genius of individual composers such as
Claude Debussy and Arnold Schoenberg. These composers clearly reflected the
growing globalization of musical styles in the 20th century.

What’s In

Activity 1: Crossword Puzzle – Critical Thinking


Using the crossword puzzle, identify the terms described. Write your answer in
your activity notebook.

What’s New

You may check your answer in the answer key page found at the end
of the module. Be honest!

Activity 2: Picture Perfect! - Communication

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Unjumble the letters to form the name of the composers. Write your answer in
your activity notebook.

by Unknown Author is licensed under by Unknown Author is licensed


under

You may check your answers in the answer key page found at the
end of the module.

What is It

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Claude Debussy (1862-1918)

 The primary exponent of the impressionist


movement and knwown as the “Father of the
Modern School of Composition”
 Debussy’s compositions is clearly seen by the
way he avoided metric pulses and preferred
free form and developed his themes.
 He was fascinated by the Javanese gamelan,
an ensemble with bells, gongs, xylophone,
and occasional vocal parts which he later
used in his works to achieve a new sound.
 He is the proponent of whole-tone scale.
 Images, Suite Bergamasque, and Estampes—
his most popular piano compositions; a set of
lightly textured pieces containing his
signature work Claire de Lune (Moonlight).
 His musical compositions total more or less
227 which include orchestral music, chamber
music, piano music, operas, ballets, songs,
and other vocal music. by Unknown Author is licensed under

Arnold Schoenbeg (1874-1951)


 He taught himself music theory, but took
lessons in counterpoint.
 His tonal preference gradually turned to
the dissonant and atonal, as he explored
What’s More  the use of chromatic harmonies.
His works were met with extreme reactions,
either strong hostility from the general
public or enthusiastic acclaim from his
supporters.
 He is credited with the twelve-tone system.
 His works include Pierrot Lunaire and
Verklarte Nacht (Transfigured Night, 1899),
one of his earliest successful pieces, blends
the lyricism, instrumentation,and melodic
beauty of Brahms with the chromaticism
and construction of Wagner.
 His works is a total of more or less 213
which include concerti,orchestral music,
by Unknown Author is licensed under piano music, operas, choral music, songs,
and other instrumental music.

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Activity 3: Let’s Get Organized! – Critical Thinking
Use the diagram below to differentiate the representative composers of 20 th
century music. Write your answer in the activity notebook.

Impressionism
Claude Debussy
1. Style in Music Compositions
2. Contributions to the
Development of Music
3. Title of Famous Compositions

20th Century
Music
Expressionism
Arnold Schoenberg
1. Style in Music Compositions
2. Contributions to the
Development of Music
3. Title of Famous Compositions

What I Have Learned

1. Claude Debussy is the exponent of Impressionism in music and one of


his famous work is Claire de Lune.

26
2. Claude Debussy is the primary proponent of whole-tone scale and his
musical works deviated from the conventional and traditional style of
Romantic period to a more free form and new tonalities and sounds.
3. Arnold Schoenberg’s tonal preference gradually turned to the
dissonant and atonal, as he explored the use of chromatic harmonies.
4. Schoenberg’s works were met with extreme reactions, either strong
hostility from the general public or enthusiastic acclaim from his
supporters.
5. Schoenberg is credited with the twelve-tone system.

27
What I Can Do

Activity 4: “Quote and Quote” - Creativity, Character


Building
1. Listen to the music of Debussy’s Claire de Lune and Schoenberg’s
Pierrot Lunaire.
Claire De Lune https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CvFH_6DNRCY
Pierrot Lunaire https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O5DNxRG2-ow
2. In a separate sheet, write a life quote that you can associate with the
music of Debussy and Schoenberg.

Assessment

Write TRUE if the statement is correct. Write FALSE if the statement is wrong.

1. Impressionism is a French movement wherein themes and melody are


in favor of moods.
2. Arnold Schoenberg is the proponent of the twelve-tone scale.
3. Claude Debussy is an impressionism composer.
4. Impressionism served as a medium for expressing strong emotions.
5. Expressionism uses the whole-tone scale in music.
6. Arnold Schoenberg is an expressionism composer.
7. Claude Debussy is the composer of Pierrot Lunaire.
8. Claude Debussy is the proponent of the whole-tone scale.
9. Impressionism is characterized by chromaticism.
10. The famous work of Arnold Schoenberg is Claire de Lune.

You may check your answer in the answer key page found at
the end of the module.

28
Additional Activities

Listening Activities:

Debussy – Claire de Lune, La Mer, Children’s Corner Suite


Schoenberg – Verklarte Nacht, Violin Concerto, Piano Concerto, Gurrelieder

Notes to the Teacher


All reflection journals, portfolio and
activity notebooks will be collected at the
end of the quarter for assessment.

29
Lesson Composers of 20th Century
Music (Electronic Music and
4 Chance Music)
The musical styles that evolved in the modern era were varied. Some of these
were short-lived, being experimental and too radical in nature,while others found
an active blend between the old and the new. Newinventions and discoveries of
science and technology lead to continuing developments in the field of music.

What’s In

Activity 1: Let’s Classify! – Critical Thinking


Write A if the word/s describe Claude Debussy. Write B if the word/s
describe Arnold Schoenberg.

1. Whole-tone scale
2. Strong emotions
3. Tweve-tone scale
4. Chromaticism
5. Claire de Lune
6. Dissonant and atonal
7. Impressionism
8. Expressionism
9. Father of the Modern School of Composition
10. Fascinated by the Javanese gamelan

You may check your answers in the answer key page found at the
end of the module.

What’s New
Activity 2: Picture Perfect! - Communication

Unjumble the letters to form the name of the composers. Write your answer in
your activity notebook.

You may check your answers in the answer key page found at the
end of the module.

What is It

by Unknown Author is licensed under by Unknown Author is licensed under

Edgard Varese

 known as the “Father of


Electronic Music” for his use of
new instruments and electronic
resources
 The musical compositions of
Varese are characterized by an
emphasis on timbre and rhythm.
 He invented the term “organized
sound,” which means that certain
timbres and rhythms can be
grouped together in order to
capture a whole new definition of
sound.
 His famous work is Poème
Électronique.
by Unknown Author is licensed under

John Cage
 He challenged the very idea of
music by manipulating musical
instruments in order to achieve
new sounds.
 He experimented with what came by Unknown Author is licensed under
to be known as “chance music.”
 In one instance, Cage created a
“prepared” piano, where screws
and pieces of wood or paper were
inserted between thepiano
stringsto produce different
percussive possibilities.
 Famous Works: Concert for
Piano and Orchestra, 4’33”

What’s More

Activity 3: Let’s Get Organized! – Critical Thinking


Use the diagram below to differentiate the representative composers of 20 th
century music. Write your answer in the activity notebook.
Electronic Music
Edgard Varese
1. Style in Music Compositions
2. Contributions to the
Development of Music
3. Title of Famous Compositions

20th Century
Music
Chance Music
John Cage
1. Style in Music Compositions
2. Contributions to the
Development of Music
3. Title of Famous Compositions

What I Have Learned

1. Edgard Varese is known as the “Father of Electronic Music” for his


use of new instruments and electronic resources.
2. The musical compositions of Varese are characterized by an
emphasis on timbre and rhythm.
3. Varese invented the term “organized sound,” which means that
certain timbres and rhythms can be grouped together in order to
capture a whole new definition of sound.
4. The famous work of Edgard Varese is Poème Électronique.
5. John Cage challenged the very idea of music by manipulating
musical instruments in order to achieve new sounds.
6. Cage experimented with what came to be known as “chance music.”
7. In one instance, Cage created a “prepared” piano, where screws and
pieces of wood or paper were inserted between thepiano stringsto
produce different percussive possibilities.
8. Some of John Cage’s famous works are Concert for Piano and
Orchestra, 4’33”

What I Can Do

Activity 4: Experiment Time! - Creativity


1. Using your mobile phone, record sounds that you hear in your surroundings
(electric fan, utensils, yawning,etc.)
2. Edit your recorded sounds through an audio/video editor in your smart
phone.
Guide Questions for Reflections:

1. How did you find the activity?


2. What are the hindrances you encountered while recording the sounds?
3. Will you recommend this kind of activity to encourage creativity and
optimism? If yes, how? If not, why not?

Assessment

Write TRUE if the statement is correct. Write FALSE if the statement is wrong.

1. John Cage is the proponent of chance music.


2. Edgard Varese is known as the Father of Electronic Music.
3. The use of tape recorder and loudspeakers are examples of electronic
music.
4. John Cage invented the term “organized sound”.
5. The composer of Poème Électronique is John Cage.
6. The "Prepared Piano Style" means screws and pieces of wood or paper
were inserted between the piano strings to produce different
percussive possibilities.
7. Edgard Varese is the composer of 4’33”.
8. John Cage challenged the very idea of music by manipulating musical
instruments in order to achieve new sounds.
9. The musical compositions of John Cage are characterized by an
emphasis on timbre and rhythm.
10. Edgard Varese is the composer of Concert for Prepared Piano
and Orchestra.

You may check your answer in the answer key page found at
the end of the module.

Additional Activities

Listening Activity: Try to search and listen to the following electronic


music and chance music to further appreciate these 20th century
music styles:
1. Varese – Hyperprism for wind and percussion, Octandre for seven
wind instruments and double bass, Intégrales for wind and
percussion, Ionisation for 13 percussion players
2. Cage – 4’33"; Metamorphosis, for piano; Five Songs, for contralto
soloist and piano; Music for Wind Instruments, for wind quintet

Notes to the Teacher


All reflection journals, portfolio and
activity notebooks will be collected at the
end of the quarter for assessment.

Lesson
Application of 20th Century Music
5 (Impressionism/Expressionism)
The period of 19th and 20th century perceived the two world wars and had
been a period of many changes: advancement of technology, a period of many
inventions such as telephone, television, electronic light, computers, cassette tapes,
synthesizers, CD players, and many others.

Because of these inventions, experimentations were made in the field of


music and arts.

What’s In

Activity 1: Face to Face! - Critical Thinking

What important contributions were handed down by Debussy and


Schoenberg in the world of music? How did they use these to enhance music
tradition? Write in in your activity notebook.

Debussy

Schoenberg

What’s New

Activity 2: Photonalysis! – Communication, Collaboration


Observe the pictures below. What can you say about it? Why is music
related to other art forms and media?

In this lesson, you will explore other arts and media that portray 20 th century
music elements through video films or live performances. You will discover your
creativity, music inclinations, and potentials through actual performance.

What is It
The 20th century covers the period from January 1, 1901 to December
31,2000.
This century is a full step forward from the rich culture and traditions. It
produced music composers, singers and musicians known to be artistic, dance and
music lovers, emotional, expressive, impressive, appreciative and religious.
Twentieth century composers use music in giving guidelines for behavior in
society, in giving power to the government, and in teaching. Music is also used to
arrive at an agreement and to get cooperation in the society.
Using Impressionism/Expressionistic music through the lens of other art
forms.

Im
Mary Wigman, Dancer Choreographer and pressionism music is used in RPG videogame The
pioneer of expressionist dance. Legend of Zelda: Breath of wild. It’s music that
Photo source Wikipedia you can’t sing, music that you might notice, but
music that describes the experience.
Photo source Wikipedia

Combining music and film, music and visuals, music and commercials, music and
dance can attract us and bring new perspectives to everyone involved. Music and
art feel like close siblings in the family of creative expression.
What’s More

Activity 3: Deeper Debussy! – Critical Thinking

The list of links was provided for you to have a deeper


understanding and appreciation of Debussy’s Claire de
Lune. The videoclips will also help you develop your
ability to analyze the use of music to other art forms
and media. After watching the videoclips, answer the
guide questions below. Write your answer in your
activity notebook.

Suggested listening/viewing resources:

 Claire De Lune (Modern)


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i4SWTITLGOM
 Claire De Lune (Dance)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=57Y_7ZTManw
 Claire De Lune (Background Music)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4lsAoGdbqX4
 Claire De Lune (Lexus Car Commercial)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=536L-IdpXg0
 Claire De Lune (Sand Art)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7mnawXawVOY

Guide Questions
1.Which of the video clips catches your attention? Why?
2. How is it music of 20th century related to other art forms and media?
What I Have Learned

1. The 20th century is a full step forward from the rich culture and traditions.
2. Impressionistic and expressionistic music can be applied not only in listening, it
can also apply to other media and art forms such as sand art, paintings, dance
accompaniment, films, animations, games commercials and advertisements
3. Combining music and film, music and visuals, music and commercials, music
and dance can attract us and bring new perspectives to everyone involved.

What I Can Do

Activity 4: Manila Home Idol! – Collaboration, Creativity


Instructions. Create an improvised 3-5-minute performance using
Impressionist/Expressionist music in other art forms and media. After you finish
your work, e-mail your video to your teacher together with your reflection journal.
Choose only ONE of the following:

 Product endorsement/ commercial shoot


 Visual arts/painting/sand art through listening activity
 Video clip of 4s anti-COVID19
 Dance performance

Reflect!
1. What style of 20th century music did you choose from the video? Why?
2. Were the emotions true to you as character?
3. What was your all overall opinion of applying impressionist/expressionist
music in other forms of arts or media?
4. Enumerate the problems you encountered while in the process of creating
the video
Assessment

Your performance in the activity will be evaluated using the following rubric

Manila Home Idol


Rubric for Presentation

Needs
Outstanding Satisfactory Improving Improvement
(20 pts) (16 pts) (13 pts) (10 pts)
Presentation of Content and Some information Presentation of
content is information is are content is not so
clear,accurate and clear,appropriate inappropriate,not so clear and confusing
appropriate; giving but not so much clear, and flow of due to lack of
all the necessary continuity of idea is ideas shows some continuity
information with shown lapses
continuity.

Notes to the Teacher


All reflection journals, portfolio and
activity notebooks will be collected at the
end of the quarter for assessment.
Lesson Application of 20th Century
6 Music (Electronic/Chance
Music)
The urge toward a totally controlled music had its counterpart in the desire
for greater, even total, freedom from all predetermined forms and procedures. This
type of music emphasizes the antirational element in artistic experience: intuition,
chance, spur of the moment.
Composers who wished to avoid the rational ordering of musical sound rely
on the element of chance and allow, for example, throw of dice or coin to determine
rhythm and melody, or perhaps build their pieces around random numbers
generated by the computer. The performance thus become a musical happening in
the course of which the piece is recreated afresh each time it is played.

What’s In

Activity 1: High Five! – Critical Thinking


Give five detailed hashtags that fit the 20th and 21st Century Music Styles.
Write your brief explanation why you write those hashtags in your activity
notebook.

Electronic Chance
Music Music
# #
# #
# #
# #
# #
What’s New

Activity 2: Photonalysis! - Communication

Can you tell me something about the pictures? What do you observe? What
kind of musical instrument/s did they use in each picture?

Contemporary styles have liberated not only forms but all the elements of music
from the rigid and restrictions of the past.

What is It
Music is everywhere. We can use any materials/instruments to create music. On
the next page, you will discover more about Chance music and how create
examples of it. Ready? Let’s go!
In the 20th century, chance music went from a novelty to serious business.
American composers Charles Ives in the early 1900s and Henry Cowell in the
1930s emptied chance techniques. Composer, John Cage, was a pioneer of what he
referred to as "Indeterminacy." Indeterminacy is a composing technique where
some aspects of a musical work are left open to chance or to the performer's choice.
No doubt, Chance music is a combination of external sounds that cannot be
duplicated as each happens by chance.

Water Walk Music, Now and Then…

John Cage performs his


Water Walk, performed by
Water Walk on I've Got a
Katelyn King (2016)
Secret" (1960)
Photo courtesy of YouTube and Wikipedia

On the other hand, Electronic music production starts with the combination,
modification, and control of sounds produced through oscillators. This is followed
by recording of the studios on tape, after which the composers have splice the
tapes and mix the output with recorded sounds of physical objects in motion or
those of singers or speakers. This tape now contains both its performance and
piece of music.
Science has brought about a tremendous expansion of musical resources by
making available to the composer a spectrum of sounds ranging from pure tones at
one extreme to random noise at the other. It has made possible the rhythmic
organization of music to a degree of subtlety and complexity hitherto unattainable. 

What’s More
Activity 3: Home Explorer! – Critical Thinking, Collaboration
Use the diagram below to categorize your artistic potentials in electronic and
chance music and possible sound productions/musical instruments inside your
home. Write your answer in the activity notebook.

Chance Electronic
Music Music

What I Have Learned

1. Composer, John Cage, was a pioneer of what he referred to as


"Indeterminacy." Indeterminacy is a composing technique where some
aspects of a musical work are left open to chance or to the performer's
choice.
2. Most of the sounds in chance music emanate from the surroundings,
both natural and man-made, such as honking cars, rustling leaves, blowing
wind, dripping water, or a ringing phone.
3. Electronic music production starts with the combination, modification, and
control of sounds produced through oscillators.
4. Science has brought about a tremendous expansion of musical resources by
making available to the composer a spectrum of sounds ranging from pure
tones at one extreme to random noise at the other.

What I Can Do

Activity 4: Chance with me! – Creativity, Collaboration


Produce a found instrument out of what is around you and use chance
method to create music with our instrument. Once your instruments are complete,
cover or create an original five-minute performance of Chance Music using your
digital cameras or mobile phones. You may join your family or relatives in making
the music video but make sure that you are practicing social distancing. After you
finish your video, e-mail it to your teacher together with your reflection journal.

Reflect!
1.What can you say about the flow of your music video?
2. Which instruments did you use to create a good chance music?
3. Enumerate the problems you encountered while in the process of creating the
video
Assessment

Your performance in the activity will be evaluated using the following rubric

PERFORMANCE RUBRIC
Indicators Levels of Performance
Excellent Good Fair Total
(20pts) (15 pts) (10 pts)
The song is
well chosen
for a music
video
The performer
exhibits
creativity in
creating the
music video
The music
video was
sung in
correct
melody,
dynamics and
rhythm.
The
performers
interpretation
in the music
video is a
soulful
performance
The
performance
displays
showmanship
and artistic
excellence
Total
Lesson

7& Application of 20th


Century Music
8
It has become evident that in the twentieth century the condition of art
music in Western culture has undergone a transformation that few could have
envisioned one hundred years ago. The reasons for this transformation are many
and varied including the influence of technology, the media, multiculturalism,
commercialism, the increased emphasis on visual media and various
philosophical, ideological and social changes.

What’s In

Activity 1: 4 pics one word – Critical Thinking


Guess the specific word that fits the theme of the four pictures presented.
Write it in your activity notebook.

1. 2. 3.

4. 5.
What is It

Twentieth century music brought independence and wide experimentation


with new musical styles and forms that challenged the accepted rules of music of
earlier periods. The invention of electronic instruments in the mid-twentieth
century revolutionized popular music and accelerated the development of new
forms of music.
All sounds around the world began to mix in some forms. Faster modes of
transportation allowed musicians and fans to travel more widely to perform or
listen. Amplification permitted giant concerts to be heard by those with the least
expensive tickets, and the inexpensive reproduction and transmission or broadcast
of music gave rich and poor alike nearly equal access to high quality music
performances.

What’s More

Activity 2: Emoji style! – Creativity, Communication


After recognizing the 20th & 21st musical styles. What emoji express your
feelings about them? Draw your emojis in your activity notebook, then write your
brief explanation of your chosen emojis.
Impressionism Expressionism Chance Music Electronic Music
What I Can Do

Activity 3: The 20th and 21st Finale! – Creativity,


Collaboration
Now you've learned all the lessons of 20th century music styles, it’s time to
showcase your tremendous musical talent!
1. From the influential listed 20th and 21st century musical styles discussed,
pick one of your prefered style that you think that suits you in making
music.

2. Create a ”TikTok” performance (singing, dancing, playing musical


instruments or acting) using any of the following 20th century styles as
background music:
a. Impressionism
b. Expressionism
c. Electronic music
d. Chance music

You may encourage to join your family members in making the music video
but make sure that you are practicing social distancing. After you finish your
TikTok video, e-mail it to your teacher together with your reflection journal that
includes a screenshot of the comments about your performance and the reason/s
why you like those comments.

Reflect! – Character Building

1. After you finished your TikTok video how do you feel? Why?

2. From which 20th and 21st century music you can relate your life? Why?
3. Enumerate the problems you encountered while in the process of creating the
video
Assessment

Your performance in the activity will be evaluated using the following rubric

PERFORMANCE RUBRIC
Indicators Levels of Performance
Excellent Good Fair Total
(10 pts) (7 pts) (5 pts)
The song is
well chosen for
a TikTok video
The student
exhibits
creativity and
resourcefulness
in creating the
TikTok video
The TikTok
performance is
informative yet
entertaining
The student’s
performance is
well rehearsed
The student
performs with
showmanship
and artistic
excellence
Total

Notes to the Teacher


All reflection journals, portfolio and
activity notebooks will be collected at the
end of the quarter for assessment.
Answer Key

Lesson 1

A. Assess B. What I
ment Know
1. C C. Answer Key
2. A
D. 1. B
3. C
4. B 6. D
5. A E. 2. C
7. B

F. 3. A
8. C

G. 4. B
9. D

H. 5. C
10.A

Lesson 2

I. Assessment

1. A
2. C
3. D
4. B
5. D
Lesson 3

B. What’s New C. Assessment


J. Claude 1. true
Debussy 2. true
3. true
K. Arnold 4. false
Schoenberg 5. false
6. true
7. false
8. true
9. false
10. false

A. What’s In
Lesson
4
A. What’s In B. What’s
O. Answer Key New
1. A M. Edgard
2. B Varese
3. B
N. John Cage
4. B
5. A
6. B
7. A
8. B
9. A
10. A

C. Assessment
6. true
7. true
8. true
9. false
10.false
11.true
12.false
13.true
14.false
15. false
Lesson 7-8

4pics 1 word
1. Electronic
2. Impressionism
3. Experimental
4. Expressionism
5. Chance
References
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https://globalnation.inquirer.net/111484/theres-a-kulintang-in-my-
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https://www.jstor.org/stable/27555724?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents
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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education - Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR)

Ground Floor, Bonifacio Bldg., DepEd Complex


Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600

Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985

Email Address: blr.lrqad@deped.gov.ph * blr.lrpd@deped.gov.ph

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