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BIOMEDIK I
Anatomidan Fisiologi
Dr.Joy A.M.Rattu,MS,PhD,AIFO
TINJAUAN UMUM
ANATOMI DAN FISIOLOGI
TUBUH MANUSIA
Levels of
Organization
Tingkat Struktural
Organisasi Tubuh
3 Tissue level
Tissues consist
of similar types
of cells
Smoot
h
muscle
tissue
Cardiovascula
r system
Atoms
1 Chemical level
Atoms combine
to form
molecules
Hear
t
Blood
vessel
s
Epithelial
tissue
Smooth
Blood
muscle
vessel
tissue
(orga
n)
Connectiv
e tissue
4 Organ level
Organs are made up of
different types of
tissues
6 Organismal level
The human organism
is made up of many
organ systems
SEL TULANG
Cell
s
Sel Saraf
Sel bronkial
JARINGAN
Tissues
Organ
Organ Systems
Each organ in the human body is
part of an organ system, a group of
organs that work together to perform
a major function.
Heart is part of circulatory system,
which carries oxygen and other materials
throughout the body.
Besides the heart, blood vessels are organs
that work in circulatory system.
ORGAN SYSTEMS
Section 35-1
Nervous System
Integumentary System
Skeletal System
Muscular System
Circulatory System
Nervous System
Integumentary System
Skeletal System
Muscular System
Circulatory System
Nervous System
Integumentary System
Skeletal System
Muscular System
Circulatory System
Nervous System
Integumentary System
Skeletal System
Muscular System
Circulatory System
Nervous System
Integumentary System
Skeletal System
Muscular System
Circulatory System
Nervous System
Brain, Spinal cord, periperal nerves
Function: Coordinates the bodys
Integumentary System
Skin, hair, nails sweat and oil glands
Function: Serves as a barrier against
Respiratory System
Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea,
Digestive System
Mouth, pharynx, esophagus,
Excretory System
Skin, lungs, kidneys, ureters, urinary
bladder, urethra
Function: Eliminates waste products
of metabolism from the body;
maintains homeostasis
Skeletal System
Bones, cartilage, ligaments,
tendons
Function: Supports the body;
protects internal organs; allows
movement; stores mineral
reserves; provides a site for
blood cell formation
Muscular System
Skeletal muscle, smooth muscle,
cardiac muscle
Function: Works with skeletal system
to produce voluntary movement;
helps to circulate blood and move
food through the digestive system
Circulatory System
Heart, Blood vessels, blood
Function: Brings oxygen, nutrients,
Endocrine System
Hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid,
Reproductive System
Testes, epididymis, vas deferens,
Lymphatic System
White blood cells, thymus, spleen,
Lets Review.
1st Level:
Cells
2nd Level:
Tissues
3rd Level:
Organs
4th Level:
Organ Systems
5th Level:
Organisms
Organism
A single living organism.
Example: Humans, Cows, Birds,
Trees.
Population
A group of organisms of one
Community
POSISI ANATOMI :
BIDANG ANATOMI
Bidang median:
bidang yang membagi tepat tubuh
Bidang horizontal:
bidang yang terletak melintang
Bidang koronal:
bidang vertikal yang melalui
KEDUDUKAN :
Superior (=atas) atau kranial lebih
dekat ke belakang.
Contoh: Jatung terletak posterior
terhadap tulang rusuk.
Superfisial: lebih dekat ke / di
permukaan.
Contoh: Otot kaki terletak
superfisial dari tulangnya.
permukaan.
Contoh: Tulang hasta dan
pengumpil terletak lebih
profunda dari otot lengan bawah.
Medial (=dalam): lebih dekat
ke bidang median.
Contoh: Jari manis terletak
medial terhadap jari jempol.
median.
Contoh: Telinga terletak lateral
terhadap mata.
Proksimal (=atas) lebih dekat
dengan batang tubuh / pangkal.
Contoh: Siku terletak proksimal
terhadap telapak tangan.
Distal (=bawah) lebih jauh dari
batang tubuh atau pangkal.
Contoh: Pergelangan tangan terletak
distal terhadap siku
GERAKAN ANATOMI
Adanya persendian memungkinkan
membengkokkan.
Contoh: gerakan ayunan lutut pada kegiatan
hiperekstensi.
tubuh.
Contoh: bila kaki digerakkan kembali ke
(elevasi)
Depresi gerakan menurunkan.
Contohnya: Gerakan menutup mulut
(depresi)
Gerakan pundak ke atas (elevasi) dan ke
bawah (depresi)
menengadahkan tangan.
Pronasi gerakan
menelungkupkan.
Istilah supinasi dan pronasi hanya
digunakan untuk wilayah
pergelangan tangan saja
ENDOROTASI DAN
EKSOROTASI
Endorotasi gerakan ke dalam
Rongga Tubuh
Rongga tubuh dorsal :
a. Rongga kranial : berisi otak
b. Rongga spinal : berisi medulla spinalis
TUGAS
PERHATIKAN GAMBAR TERLAMPIR !
ISILAH KEDUDUKAN ANATOMIS
CONTOH :
TIBIA terletak MEDIAL terhadap FIBULA.
GLUTEUS terletak SUPERIOR terhadap
GASTROCNEMIUS.
PECTORALIS MAYOR terletak ANTERIOR terhadap
LATTISIMUS DORSI.
EXTENSOR CARPI ULNARIS terletak DISTAL terhadap
TRICEPS
Great Job!!!