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Population Ecology
Contents:
1. Concept of the Population
2. Characteristics of Population
3. Static Characteristics of Population
4. The Dynamics of Population
5. The Population Growth
Concept of the
Population
A population is a
summation of all the
organisms of the same
group or species,
which live in a
particular geographical
area, and have the
capability of
interbreeding.
Ecology is to
describe the
composition of
populations
through time and
understand
population
fluctuations
Static characteristics
of the population
The Dynamics
of Population
Mortality
Emigration
Immigration
Fertility is the
natural
capability to
produce
offspring.
Fertility
Mortality
Mortality
means the
death of
individuals per
time unit in
the absence of
limiting
factors.
Mortality rate, or death rate, is a measure of the number of deaths (in general, or due to a
specific cause) in a particular population, scaled to the size of that population, per unit of
time. Mortality rate is typically expressed in units of deaths per 1,000 individuals per year.
Migration
is physical movement by animals, birds, fishes, insects and
Immigration
Immigration is
the movement
of people into a
destination
country to
which they are
not native or do
not possess its
citizenship in
order to settle
Emigration
Emigration is
the act of
leaving one's
resident
country with
the intent to
settle
elsewhere.
Logistic growth
A population begins with slow
growth followed by rapid growth
before leveling off or slower growth
Exponential growth
Example for
exponential
growth
exponents equal 1, you'll find that we get this exact same pattern.
Logistic
population
growth
Graphing Logistic
Population Growth
If we look at a graph of a population
undergoing logistic population
growth, it will have a characteristic Sshaped curve. The population grows
in size slowly when there are only a
few individuals. Then the population
grows faster when there are more
individuals. Finally, having lots of
individuals in the population causes
growth to slow because resources are
limited. In logistic growth, a
population will continue to grow until
it reachescarrying capacity, which
is the maximum number of
individuals the environment can
support.
Equation for
Logistic
Population Growth
growth as a mathematical
equation.
Population growth rate is
measured in number of
individuals in a population (N)
over time (t).
The term for population
growth rate is written as
(dN/dt).
The d just means change. K
represents the carrying
capacity, and r is the
maximum per capita growth
rate for a population.