Packaging of DNA

into a Chromosome

ARAGON, Brent Rza G.

BSEd IV F (Bio. Sci.)

DNA

Brief History of
DNA
Discovered
by
Frederich
Miescher (1800s)
James Watson, Francis Crick,
Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind
Franklin worked to make the
importance of the DNA clear.

Location of
DNA
Majority are found in the nucleus
Also found in mitochondria

Functions of
DNA
Stores genetic information
Encode the sequence of amino acid
residues in proteins
Provides instruction for an organism to
develop, survive, and reproduce.

Structure of
DNA
DNA is made up of
building blocks
nucleotides
phosphate
group
sugar
group
nitrogenous
bases

chemical
called the

Levels of DNA
Folding

 Nucleosome
Model
Solenoid Model
Nuclear Scaffold
Model
Chromosome

Nucleosome
Model

a model comprised by
histones and DNA; the primary
level of folding.

Histon
es

proteins that are responsible

for the compression of DNA;
DNA-binding proteins.

Types of
Histones
H2a
monomer
H2b
monomer

H3
monomer
H4
monomer

Histone
Octamers

the double tetramer structure

of histones.

Solenoid Model
the secondary level of folding;
a more complex model than
the nucleosome model,
wherein the nucleosomes are
further wrapped, forming a
solenoid-like structure.

Nuclear Scaffold
Model
tertiary level of folding;
solenoid model is further
wrapped, compressing the
DNA more, forming a
chromatin fiber.

Chromosome
Quaternary and last level of
folding of larger loops and
Product
coils of chromatins
Most compact chromatin
structure arrangement

Major Parts of
Chromosome
Centromer
e
Sister
Chromatids
Telomeres

Thank
You!