BASIC CONCEPTS

OF
TURBOGENERATORS

By: Devinder

Kumar

WORKING PRINCIPLE OF TURBOGENERATOR

WORKING PRINCIPLE OF TURBOGENERATOR

An AC Generator or Alternator uses the

principle of Electromagnetic Induction
to convert Mechanical Energy into
Electrical Energy.

TURBOGENERATOR OUTPUT
EQUATION
MVA = K D2 L n Bi Ai
MVA --- MEGA VOLT AMPERE
K

--- CONSTANT

--- DIAMETER OF TG ( TRANSPORT LIMITATIONS)

--- LENGTH OF TG (CRITICAL SPEED LIMITATIONS)

--- SPEED IN RPM ( MINIMUM 2 POLES LIMITATIONS)

Bi

--- MAGNETIC LOADING (SATURATION LIMITATIONS)

Ai

--- ELECTRICAL LOADING (OPTION OPEN WITH

P D2 . L . n . Bi . Ai

TYPES OF COOLING IN TURBOGENERATORS

DEFINING THE TURBOGENERATOR MODULES

EXAMPLES
TARI 108/46 means

THDF 115/59 means

T Turbogenerator

T Turbogenerator

A Air-Cooled

H Hydrogen Cooled

R Radial-Cooled

D Direct Axial Cooled

Rotor
I Indirect-Cooled
Stator
108 Rotor Barrel Dia,
cm
46 Core Length, dm

Rotor
F Water Cooled Stator
115 Rotor Barrel Dia,
cm
59 Stator Core
Length, dm

RANGE OF SIEMENS GENERATOR DESIGNS

CAPACITY OF TURBOGENERATOR DESIGNS

TURBOGENERATOR PRODUCT PROFILE OF BHEL

LARGE
RATINGS
MANUF.
UNIT

RATING
(MW)
100 (TBO)

IN COLLABORATION WITH
ELECTROCILA, RUSSIA

200 (THW)
210 (THW)
HARIDWAR

235 (THW)
250 (THRI)

SIEMENS, GERMANY

500 (THDF)
660 (THDF)
800 (THDF)
130 (TARI)
HYDERABAD 110
BHOPAL

120

CZECHOSLOVAKIA
U.K

ADVANTAGES OF H2 GAS COOLING

LIGHTER GAS

LOW WINDAGE & FRICTION LOSSES

HIGH EFFICIENCY OF TURBOGENERATOR

MORE HEAT CARRYING CAPACITY, HENCE

BETTER COOLING MEDIUM

Cooling Power and Thermal Conductivity

MEDIUM

APPROX. REL

RELATIVE

HEAT REMOVAL
CAPABILITY

THERMAL
CONDUCTIVITY

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Air

1.0

1.0

Hydrogen at 3.1 bar 4.0

Water
VPI insulation

50

4.0
-

9.3

THERMAL CLASSIFICATION
OF
INSULATION SYSTEMS
CLASS O 90C
CLASS A
105C
CLASS E
120C
CLASS B
130C
CLASS F
155C
CLASS H
180C
CLASS C > 180C

THERMAL CLASSIFICATION OF INSULATION SYSTEM

CLASS O
cotton, silk, paper and paper products without impregnation
CLASS A
cotton, silk and paper products impregnated in dielectric liquid
CLASS E
polyethylene, terephthalate film or fibre cotton fabric laminations and
paper laminations bonded with suitable resins
CLASS B
Mica, glass fiber, with suitable EPOXY based bonding material
CLASS F
Mica, glass fiber, asbestos with beter EPOXY bonding material
CLASS H
Silicon, elastomer and combination of fiber glass, mica, asbestos suitably
bonded with silicon resins
CLASS C
Mica porcelain, glass, quartz with or without an inorganic binder

WINDING INSULATION SYSTEMS

THERMO PLASTIC INSULATION SYSTEMS

THERMO REACTIVE INSULATION SYSTEMS
MICALASTIC INSULATION SYSTEMS
INDIVIDUAL BAR IMPREGNATION SYSTEMS
TOTAL IMPREGNATION SYSTEMS

M
O F TE
Y YS
R
S
O
THERMOPLASTIC INSULATION
T
N
S IO
I
SYSTEM
H T
A
L
BITUMEN MICA FOLIUM WRAPPED SYSTEM
U
S
IN

BITUMEN MICA TAPED & PRESSURE IMPREGNATION

SYSTEM
THERMOSETTING INSULATION
SYSTEM
RESIN RICH
RESIN POOR
BAR IMPREGNATION
FORM
IMPREGNATION
TOTAL IMPREGNATION

ADVANTAGES OF AIR COOLED DESIGNS

SIMPLE DESIGN
CYCLE TIME REDUCTION IN
MANUFACTURING
LESS GESTATION PERIOD
NO AUXILLIARY SYSTEMS REQUIRED
CHEAPER IN COST
MAINTENANCE FRIENDLY
NO H2 GAS HANDLING HAZARDS

Thank You