MATHEMATICS FORM 2

CHAPTER 3

ALGEBRAIC
EXPRESSIO
NS II
By : Pn Rosmawati bt Mat Yusop

SIMPLIFY ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS BY

GROUPING LIKE TERMS

EXAMPLE:
an algebraic expression
1. 7pq + 5 2pq + 3 Susun semula mengikut
sebutan yg serupa (unknown
= 7pq 2pq + 5 + 3 sama).
Tanda di depan setiap sebutan
= 5pq + 8
dibawa sekali semasa menyusun
Kira macam biasa

semula.

2. 2xy 5pqr + 4yx 3pqr

= 2xy + 4yx 5pqr 3pqr
= 6xy 8pqr

3.

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MULTIPLY AND DIVIDE ALGEBRAIC

EXPRESSIONS BY A NUMBER

Multiply an algebraic expression by a

number.
EXAMPLE: an algebraic expression
a number
1. 4(2p
+ 3)

Darabkan nombor dengan setiap sebutan dalam kurungan

4(2p + 3)4x2p + 4x3 boleh juga ditulis:

4(2p) + 4(3) ->tanda darab ditukarkan dgn kurungan
= 4x2p + 4x3
= 8p + 12

2. -2(3x 2y + 5)
= -2 x 3x
-(-2 x 2y)+(-2 x 5)
= -6x-(-4y)+(-10)
= -6x+4y -10

3.

Divide an algebraic expression by a

number. an algebraic expression
EXAMPLE:
1. (4y - 6) 2a number
= 4y 6Tukarkan kepada bentuk pecahan
2
= 4y - 6Bahagikan setiap sebutan dengan 2
2
2
= 2y - 3

2. (-4w 12v) (-4)

= -4w 12 v
-4
= - 4w - 12v
-4
-4
= w (-3v)
= w + 3v

3. (4xy2 - 6yz) (-8)

= 4xy2 - 6yz
-8
-8
= - xy2 - (-3yz)
2
4
= - xy2 + 3yz
2
4

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ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION INVOLVING TWO

ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS

To add two algebraic expressions.

EXAMPLE:
1st algebraic expression

2nd algebraic expression

1. (2ab 3) + (ab + 1)
Buangkan kurungan
= 2ab 3 + ab + 1
Susun semula mengikut
sebutan yg serupa (unknown
sama).

= 2ab + ab 3 + 1
= 3ab- 2

2. (4pq 3qr) + (2qp - 5qr)

Buangkan kurungan
= 4pq 3qr
+ 2qp+(-5qr)
= 4pq 3qr + -2qp
5qr

Susun semula mengikut

sebutan yg serupa (unknown
sama).

= 4pq + 2qp 3qr 5qr

= 6pq
- 8qr

3. (ab +3pqr) +(2pqr 7ab + cd)

= ab + 3pqr + 2pqr +(-7ab) +(+cd)
= ab + 3pqr + 2pqr 7ab + cd
= ab 7ab + 3pqr + 2pqr + cd
= -6ab + 5pqr + cd

To subtract two algebraic expressions.

EXAMPLE:
1st algebraic expression

2nd algebraic expression

1. (2ab 3) - (ab + 1)
= 2ab 3 - ab - (+1)
Buangkan kurungan

-1
= 2ab 3 ab

Susun semula mengikut

sebutan yg serupa (unknown
sama).

= 2ab ab 3 1

= ab- 4

2. (4pq 3qr) - (2qp - 5qr)

Buangkan kurungan
= 4pq 3qr
- 2qp-(-5qr)
= 4pq 3qr - 2qp
+ 5qr

Susun semula mengikut

sebutan yg serupa (unknown
sama).

= 4pq - 2qp 3qr + 5qr

= 2pq
+ 2qr

3. (ab +3pqr) - (2pqr 7ab + cd)

= ab + 3pqr - 2pqr -(-7ab) -(+cd)
= ab + 3pqr - 2pqr + 7ab - cd
= ab + 7ab + 3pqr - 2pqr - cd
= 8ab + pqr - cd

SIMPIFY ALGEBRAIC
EXPRESSIONS
EXAMPLE:
1. 4(2p + 3) -2(3p 2y + 5)
- 2x2y
= 4x2p
+ 4x3 ( 2x3p
+ 2x5)
= 8p + 12 (6p 4y + 10)
Buangkan kurungan
semula mengikut
= 8p + 12 6p + 4y Susun
10
sebutan yg serupa (unknown
= 8p 6p + 4y + 12 sama).
10
= 2p + 4y + 2