CONTACTLESS

TACHOMETER
Group members:
Moruboyina Alekhya
Kodi Padmasree
D.Hima Varsha

Indian Institute of Technology

Hyderabad
INTRODUCTION
Definition: Components
An electrical Wheel coloured as
instrument used to required
measure the speed of Micro
a rotating object with controller(at89c52)
out any physical IR sensor
contact.
Motor
In general these
Battery
tachometers can
measure through a LCD screen
distance of 1m Conducting wires
 WORKING PRINCIPLE
The main thing in tachometer is counting,which is done by
microcontroller.
MICRO CONTROLLER:
Micro controller is a type of CPU which is used on the
circuits and contains RAM input and output
PARTS OF MICROCONTROLLER
 PROXIMITY SENSOR
A sensor which detects some things near by with out any
physical contact is called proximity sensor
IR sensor is nothing but an diode in which the diode
produces a small current when the light falls on it
These currents are very small to detect so we use operation
amplifier to detect the small voltage changes.
Transistor amplifies the current.
Principle of counting
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
PROGRAM FOR
MICROCONTROLLER
TO COUNT THE PULSE
First the program is written to set up the counter and stater to
be at zero as soon as we start
EA = 1; // be used in in the tachometer
ET0 = 1; //set the Timer/counter 0
TR0 = 1; //Enable Timer/counter 0 to count
TMOD = 0X25; //counter 0 in mode 1 (16 bit counter),
//timer 1 in mode 2 (auto reload from TH1)
TH1 = 0; //start counter from 0
ET1 = 1; //enable timer 1
TR1 = 1; //Enable Timer/counter 1 to count
PT0 = 1; //Setup the priorities of timer 1 and timer 0, a 0 gives a
PT1 = 0; //higher priority.
Storing the counting number and calculating it per min.
 EXPLANATION OF CIRCUIT
LCD is connected through some resistors to the ports of the
micro controllers.
The LEDs and LCDs are always connected through the
resistor. They are very sensitive to the high voltages(at max
5 volts).
The wire connection P1, which is connected to the output of
the sensor, is connected to the pin 3.4 of the microcontroller,
this pin has a dual function which is to count incoming pulses
and increment a 8, 13, or 16 bit register according to the
configuration of the timer T0.
 The idea behind most digital counting device, frequency
meters and tachometers, is a micro-controller, used to count
the pulses coming from a sensor or any other electronic
device. In the case of this tachometer, the counted pulses will
come from proximity sensor, which will detect any reflective
element passing in front of it, and thus, will give an output
pulse for each and every rotation of the shaft.
Those pulses will be fed to the microcontroller and counted.
to understand the microcontroller counts pulses and deduce
the frequency of those pulses.
ADVANTAGES OF CONTACTLESS
TACHOMETER(over traditional)

The current design is an Embedded application which is used to

calculate the speed of the motor without the need of tachometer.
In this application IR frequencies are used to calculate the speed
of the motor.
It gives better performance and reliability.
Light in weight as compared to the conventional tachometer.
Compact in size.
It is portable so we can carry it to large rotating machine to note
the r.p.m
THANK YOU