Periodic Table Geography

The elements in any group

of the periodic table have
similar physical and chemical
properties!

The vertical columns of the periodic table

are called GROUPS or FAMILIES.
The horizontal rows of the periodic table
are called PERIODS or SERIES.
 alkali metals are all
highly reactive and are
never found in
elemental form in
nature

Group IA:
Alkali Metals
 owes its name to their
oxides that simply give
basic alkaline solutions

Group IIA:
Alkaline Earth Metals
 the name transition
comes from their
position in the periodic
table of elements

Groups IB to VIIIB:
Transition Metals
 used in the production
of coins

Group IB:
Coinage Group
 These elements are
also called the rare-
earth elements.

Lanthanide & Actinide Series:

InnerTransition Metals
The name means "ore
former" from the
Greek chalcos "ore"
and -gen "formation".

Group VIA:
Chalcogens
The name means salt
former" from the
Greek halas salt" and
-gen "formation".

Group VIIA:
Halogens
Noble gas is
translated from the
German noun Edelgas
indicating extremely
low level of reactivity

Group VIIIA:
Noble Gases
Blocks in the Periodic Table
s
1
p
2
3 d
4
5
6
7
6
f 7
1998 by Harcourt Brace & Company
 The s and p block elements
are called
REPRESENTATIVE ELEMENTS.
 Family A or B???
Elements belonging to the A families
actually has incompletely filled s or p
subshells in their outermost energy
level or highest energy level except
for group VIIIA, in general, which
has completely filled p subshells.
 Family A or B???
Elements belonging to B families,
however, have incompletely filled d or
f subshells.
METALS
NONMETALS
METALLOIDS
The periodic table is the most important
tool in the chemists toolbox!