Digestive Changes on

Pregnancy and
Postpartum
Noor Fithriyah, S.Kep., Ns
 AIMS
Explore the changes of digestive
system on pregnancy and post
partum
Explore the problem of digestive
system caused by pregnancy and
post partum
 PREGNANT
Utery enlargement
Elevated progesteron & hCG
Elevated estrogen
 DIGESTIVE DISORDERS
DURING PREGNANCY
Mouth
Gingivitis
Epulis (tumor )
Hiperemis gum
Caries
Esophageal to Gastric
Heartburn (30% to 80%)
1. Arises during pregnancy, persists
throughout gestation, and resolves with
delivery.
2. Elevated levels of progesterone
3. Lower esophageal sphincter (LES)
pressure progressively decreases during
pregnancy.
4. Simple lifestyle changes
Nausea (50% to 90%) and Vomiting (25% to
55%)
1. Elevated levels of progesterone
2. Delayed small bowel transit
3. Psychological factors
4. Non-pharmacologic treatment
5. Nutritional support is reserved for
patients who continue to have severe
symptoms and weight loss
Hiperemesis Gravidarum (50-90%)
1. Morning sickness + lose weight,
secondary to both dehydration and
malnutrition.
2. Rehydration, enteral feeding. These
should start with water by mouth, slowly
advancing through clear liquids to a bland
diet, low-fat foods such as crackers and
plain baked potatoes.
 Elimination
Constipation
1. Straining at defecation at more than
25% of bowel movements
2. Hard stool at more than 25% of bowel
movements
3. Two or fewer movements a week is thought
to occur in 1/3 of women in their third
trimester.
4. The etiology of constipation during
pregnancy is multi-factorial
Diarrhea
The etiology of diarrhea during pregnancy
similar to that of the nonpregnant individual.
The most common causes of acute diarrhea in
pregnancy are infectious viral agents

Hemoroid
Manifested by pruritus, pain, and bleeding,
develop during pregnancy in 1/3 of women.
Increased abdominal pressure by the enlarging
gravid uterus is thought to cause vascular
engorgement and venous stasis.
Fecal Incontinence
During pregnancy, laxity of the pelvic floor
may occur as a result of increased pelvic floor
pressure from the gravid uterus.
 Post Partum
Involution utery
Decreased progesteron; motility
Constipation
TERIMA KASIH