Knowledge sharing sessions

Overview
Used Tools
Technical Procedure
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop
DropRate
Rate
Flow Chart
Exemples

BENAIAD Abdellah
 Overview Used
Used Tool
Tool Technical
Technical procedure
procedure Flow
Flow Chart
Chart Examples
Examples

Overview
Introduction
SDCCH
SDCCH
Assignment
Assignment onon
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop
Drop Rate
Rate

This chapter is designed to provide an overview

of root cause analysis for SDCCH drop rate KPI.
It addresses the SDCCH drop rate analysis,
investigation procedures and troubleshooting
techniques to degrade the effect of this issue.

4/10/17 SDCCH Drop Rate

 Overview Used
Used Tool
Tool Technical
Technical procedure
procedure Flow
Flow Chart
Chart Examples
Examples

Overview
Introduction
Introduction
SDCCH
Assignment
Assignment on
on
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop
Drop Rate
Rate
SDCCH is a bidirectional logical channel used in
different ways:

-Registration: periodic location update, IMSI

attach/detach.
-Call setup: immediate assignment.
-SMS to/from MS in dedicated mode.

4/10/17 SDCCH Drop Rate

 Overview Used
Used Tool
Tool Technical
Technical procedure
procedure Flow
Flow Chart
Chart Examples
Examples

Overview Request and allocation of SDCCH:

Introduction
Introduction
SDCCH
SDCCH
Assignment on
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop
Drop Rate
Rate

4/10/17 SDCCH Drop Rate

Overview Used
Used Tool
Tool Technical
Technical procedure
procedure Flow
Flow Chart
Chart Examples
Examples

MSC BSC Paging BTS Paging MS

Paging
command request
PCH

Channel required Channel request

RACH
Channel Activation

Ch Activation
Acknowledge
Immediate
assignment
command Immediate
assignment

4/10/17 SDCCH Drop Rate

 Overview Used
Used Tool
Tool Technical
Technical procedure
procedure Flow
Flow Chart
Chart Examples
Examples

Overview
Introduction
Introduction
SDCCH
SDCCH
Assignment
Assignment on on
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop Rate

SDCCH Drop Rate is a KPI which largely decides

the subscriber service quality , the existing KPI
formula is listed below:
(C10602+C10604+C10605+C10646+C10653+C10601+C10603+C106

06)*100 (C11644+C11646)

4/10/17 SDCCH Drop Rate

 Overview Used
Used Tool
Tool Technical
Technical procedure
procedure Flow
Flow Chart
Chart Examples
Examples

Overview
Introduction
Introduction
SDCCH
SDCCH
Assignment
Assignment on on
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop Rate
C10601
C10602
C10602
C10603
C10603
C10603
It represents the number of call drops due to
C10604
C10604
C10604 contact loss between RMM and Service
C10605
C10605
C10605 Management Module (SMM) on SDCCH.
C10606
C10606
C10646
C10646
C10653
C10653
C11644
C11644
C11646
C11646

4/10/17 SDCCH Drop Rate

 Overview Used
Used Tool
Tool Technical
Technical procedure
procedure Flow
Flow Chart
Chart Examples
Examples

Overview
Introduction
Introduction
SDCCH
SDCCH
Assignment
Assignment on on
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop Rate
C10601
C10601
C10602
C10603
C10603
C10603
C10604
C10604
C10604 It represents the number of call drops due to
C10605
C10605
C10605 radio link failure on SDCCH.
C10606
C10606
C10646
C10646
C10653
C10653
C11644
C11644
C11646
C11646

4/10/17 SDCCH Drop Rate

 Overview Used
Used Tool
Tool Technical
Technical procedure
procedure Flow
Flow Chart
Chart Examples
Examples

Overview
Introduction
Introduction
SDCCH
SDCCH
Assignment
Assignment on on
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop Rate
C10601
C10601
C10602
C10602
C10603
C10604
C10604 It represents the number of call drops due to
C10605
C10605 LAPD link failure on SDCCH.
C10606
C10606
C10646
C10646
C10653
C10653
C11644
C11644
C11646
C11646

4/10/17 SDCCH Drop Rate

 Overview Used
Used Tool
Tool Technical
Technical procedure
procedure Flow
Flow Chart
Chart Examples
Examples

Overview
Introduction
Introduction
SDCCH
SDCCH
Assignment
Assignment on on
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop Rate
C10601
C10601
C10602
C10602
C10603
C10603
C10604 It represents the number of call drops due to
C10605
C10605 SDCCH forced
C10606
C10606
C10646
release.
C10646
C10653
C10653
C11644
C11644
C11646
C11646

4/10/17 SDCCH Drop Rate

 Overview Used
Used Tool
Tool Technical
Technical procedure
procedure Flow
Flow Chart
Chart Examples
Examples

Overview
Introduction
Introduction
SDCCH
SDCCH
Assignment
Assignment on on
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop Rate
C10601
C10601
C10602
C10602
C10603
C10603 It represents the number of call drops due to
C10604
C10604
C10605
force release from high priority calls on SDCCH.
C10606
C10606 BSC receives force release message from BTS
C10646
C10646 for high priority calls and counter increments.
C10653
C10653
C11644
C11644
C11646
C11646

4/10/17 SDCCH Drop Rate

 Overview Used
Used Tool
Tool Technical
Technical procedure
procedure Flow
Flow Chart
Chart Examples
Examples

Overview
Introduction
Introduction
SDCCH
SDCCH
Assignment
Assignment on on
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop Rate
C10601
C10601
C10602
C10602
C10603
C10603
C10604
C10604
C10605
C10605
It represents the number of call drops on SDCCH
C10606 due to other causes.
C10646
C10646
C10653
C10653
C11644
C11644
C11646
C11646

4/10/17 SDCCH Drop Rate

 Overview Used
Used Tool
Tool Technical
Technical procedure
procedure Flow
Flow Chart
Chart Examples
Examples

Overview
Introduction
Introduction
SDCCH
SDCCH
Assignment
Assignment on on
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop Rate
C10601
C10601
C10602
C10602
C10603
C10603
C10604
C10604 It represents the total number of call drops due
C10605
C10605 to handover
C10606
C10606
failure on SDCCH, this counter is not allowed.
C10646
C10653
C10653
C11644
C11644
C11646
C11646

4/10/17 SDCCH Drop Rate

 Overview Used
Used Tool
Tool Technical
Technical procedure
procedure Flow
Flow Chart
Chart Examples
Examples

Overview
Introduction
Introduction
SDCCH
SDCCH
Assignment
Assignment on on
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop Rate
C10601
C10601
C10602
C10602
C10603
C10603
C10604
C10604 It represents the total number of SDCCH call
C10605
C10605 drops (short
C10606
C10606
C10646
message).
C10646
C10653
C11644
C11644
C11646
C11646

4/10/17 SDCCH Drop Rate

 Overview Used
Used Tool
Tool Technical
Technical procedure
procedure Flow
Flow Chart
Chart Examples
Examples

Overview
Introduction
Introduction
SDCCH
SDCCH
Assignment
Assignment on on
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop Rate
C10601
C10601
C10602
C10602
C10603
C10603
C10604
C10604
C10605
C10605 Number of successful SDCCH assignments.
C10606
C10606
C10646
C10646
C10653
C10653
C11644
C11646
C11646

4/10/17 SDCCH Drop Rate

 Overview Used
Used Tool
Tool Technical
Technical procedure
procedure Flow
Flow Chart
Chart Examples
Examples

Overview
Introduction
Introduction
SDCCH
SDCCH
Assignment
Assignment on on
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop Rate
C10601
C10601
C10602
C10602
C10603
C10603
C10604
C10604
C10605
C10605 Number of successful SDCCH handovers.
C10606
C10606
C10646
C10646
C10653
C10653
C11644
C11644
C11646

4/10/17 SDCCH Drop Rate

Overview Used
Used Tool
Tool Technical
Technical procedure
procedure Flow
Flow Chart
Chart Examples
Examples

4/10/17 SDCCH Drop Rate

 Overview
Overview Used Tool Technical
Technical procedure
procedure Flow
Flow Chart
Chart Examples
Examples

Used Tools
Business Objects
Business Objects
6.5
6.5
MCOM
MCOM 4.2
4.2
ZXG10
ZXG10 OMCR
OMCR
TEMS
TEMS Investigation
Investigation

which can be used for accessing different

performance statistics, creating queries, setting
up reports, creating variables and using the
Business Objects functions to analyze the data
in the reports.

4/10/17 SDCCH Drop Rate

 Overview
Overview Used Tool Technical
Technical procedure
procedure Flow
Flow Chart
Chart Examples
Examples

Used Tools
Business
Business Objects
Objects
6.5
6.5
MCOM 4.2
ZXG10
ZXG10 OMCR
OMCR
TEMS
TEMS Investigation
Investigation

This tool is used to know the type of

interference (Co-channel interference or
adjacent interference) between cells; and the
value of tilt, azimuth and height of the cell.

4/10/17 SDCCH Drop Rate

 Overview
Overview Used Tool Technical
Technical procedure
procedure Flow
Flow Chart
Chart Examples
Examples

Used Tools
Business
Business Objects
Objects
6.5
6.5
MCOM
MCOM 4.2
4.2
ZXG10 OMCR
TEMS
TEMS Investigation
Investigation
which can be used to provide access to all the
available support activities for Operations and
Maintenance in the radio and core networks,
besides, the accessibility to Configuration
Management, Fault management and
Performance management

4/10/17 SDCCH Drop Rate

 Overview
Overview Used Tool Technical
Technical procedure
procedure Flow
Flow Chart
Chart Examples
Examples

Used Tools
Business
Business Objects
Objects
6.5
6.5
MCOM
MCOM 4.2
4.2
ZXG10
ZXG10 OMCR
OMCR
TEMS Investigation

Ericssons tool which is used to analyze drive

tests on the downlink level.

4/10/17 SDCCH Drop Rate

 Overview
Overview Used
Used Tool
Tool Technical Procedure Flow
Flow Chart
Chart Examples
Examples

Technical Procedure
SDCCH Drop causes
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop
Drop
Reasons
Reasons The following are main causes for SDCCH drop
troubleshooting
troubleshooting
rate:

SDCCH Drops Due connection loss RMM SMM.

SDCCH Drops Due Radio Failure.
SDCCH Drops Due LAPD Failure.
SDCCH Drops Due OMC Forced release
SDCCH Drops Due Preemption.
SDCCH Drops Due Others .
SDCCH Drops Due Handover Failure.
SDCCH Drops SMS (according to the formula of
SDCCH Drop Rate).

4/10/17 SDCCH Drop Rate

 Overview
Overview Used
Used Tool
Tool Technical Procedure Flow
Flow Chart
Chart Examples
Examples

Technical Procedure
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop
Drop causes
causes
SDCCH Drop
Reasons
troubleshooting
troubleshooting The following are main causes for SDCCH drop
rate:

SDCCH Drops Due connection loss RMM SMM.

SDCCH Drops Due Radio Failure.
SDCCH Drops Due LAPD Failure.
SDCCH Drops Due OMC Forced release .
SDCCH Drops Due Preemption .
SDCCH Drops Due Others .
SDCCH Drops Due Handover Failure.
SDCCH Drops SMS.

4/10/17 SDCCH Drop Rate

 Overview
Overview Used
Used Tool
Tool Technical Procedure Flow
Flow Chart
Chart Examples
Examples

Technical Procedure
The following are reasons of Radio SDCCH drop:
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop
Drop types
types
SDCCH Drop 1. There exists weak coverage area, and radio
Reasons
RADIO link loss signal is weak too.
LAPD
LAPD SDDCH
SDDCH Drop
Drop 2 There exists interference, such as intra-
troubleshooting
troubleshooting
network interference due to unreasonable
frequency planning, and other external
interference, etc.
3 Unreasonable radio parameter setting
4 Equipment hardware fault, such as low
output power of the power amplifier, large
difference among different carrier transmission
power, carrier transmitter fault, combiner fault,
etc.

4/10/17 SDCCH Drop Rate

 Overview
Overview Used
Used Tool
Tool Technical Procedure Flow
Flow Chart
Chart Examples
Examples

Technical Procedure
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop
Drop types
types
SDCCH Drop
Reasons
RADIO link loss
LAPD
LAPD SDDCH
SDDCH Drop
Drop
troubleshooting
troubleshooting
5 Antenna feeder system fault. For example,
VSWR of antenna feeder is big; antenna is too
high or lower inclination is unreasonable, which
causes too big the coverage range or cross-cell
coverage, and forms the remote isolated island
effect; etc.

4/10/17 SDCCH Drop Rate

 Overview
Overview Used
Used Tool
Tool Technical Procedure Flow
Flow Chart
Chart Examples
Examples

Technical Procedure
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop
Drop types
types
SDCCH Drop
Reasons
RADIO
RADIO link
link loss
loss
LAPD SDDCH Drop The following are reasons of LAPD SDCCH drop:
troubleshooting
troubleshooting

1 Site transmission problems, such as

transmission interruption or unstable
transmission .
2 Site hardware fault, such as unreliable E1
cable, CMM fault, etc.
3 BSC hardware fault.

4/10/17 SDCCH Drop Rate

 Overview
Overview Used
Used Tool
Tool Technical Procedure Flow
Flow Chart
Chart Examples
Examples

Technical Procedure
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop
Drop types
types
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop
Drop SDCCH Drop rate analysis troubleshooting
Reasons
Reasons
troubleshooting procedure:

1. SDCCH availability.
2. SDCCH Drop causes.
3. Basic NMS to know which TRX might be
faulty.
4. Alarms.
5. BTS measurement and cell measurement.
6. Data base parameter.
7. Drive testing and site audit.

4/10/17 SDCCH Drop Rate

 Overview
Overview Used
Used Tool
Tool Technical
Technical procedure
procedure Flow Chart Examples
Examples

Flow Chart

It is advised to locate the problem by checking

radio parameters together with hardware
troubleshooting.
The flow of handling SDCCH drop is shown
below:

4/10/17 SDCCH Drop Rate

 Start

SDCCH
Drop Rate
high
certain
cell

yes

Check yes
No
SDCCH
availabilit
y

Open TT yes Is there

to BSS LAPD
team problem?

No

Is there HW
Open TT yes problem
to BSS
team (cell/TRX/T
S)?

No

* Reset cell
 * **

Is there yes
Open TT to
LAPD
problem? BSS team

No

RF problems

Whether
radio yes Modify
parameter unreasonable
are set parameters
reasonably

No

Whether yes Trouble

interferenc shoot
e exist interference

No
 ***
Whether yes Trouble
fault exist
in shoot
coverage coverage

No

Whether
fault exist yes Troubleshoot
in equipment
equipment fault
HW

No

Whether
fault exist yes Trouble
in antenna shoot antenna
feeder feeder fault
system

No
Whether No
yes the SDCCH
Drop Rate
persist

restart the
investigation END
 Overview
Overview Used
Used Tool
Tool Technical
Technical procedure
procedure Flow
Flow Chart
Chart Examples

Exemples 22685A:
Hardwar Problem
Radio
by checking data base stat, we notice a high
Radio Problem
Problem
LAPD
LAPD Problem
Problem SDCCH Drop Rate on the site.
Problem Description: using ZXG10 OMCR tool,
the problem is a PA power alarm (hardware
problem).
Action Taken: open TT to BSS team to solve the
PA power alarm.

4/10/17 SDCCH Drop Rate

 Overview
Overview Used
Used Tool
Tool Technical
Technical procedure
procedure Flow
Flow Chart
Chart Examples

Exemples 03102A:
Hardwar
Hardwar Problem
Problem
Problem Description: Co-channel interference on
Radio Problem
LAPD
LAPD Problem
Problem the BCCH of 03102A
Action Taken: Changing the BCCH frequency
from:108-->89
22685A:
Problem Description: 22685A of BSCSBA2
(BSC04) is having PA Output Power alarm on
TRX1
Action Taken: Replacing the faulty TRX

4/10/17 SDCCH Drop Rate

 Overview
Overview Used
Used Tool
Tool Technical
Technical procedure
procedure Flow
Flow Chart
Chart Examples

Exemples 03663A:
Hardwar
Hardwar Problem
Problem
Radio
Problem Description: Transmission
Radio Problem
Problem
LAPD Problem disconnection problem on the A-bis interface
Action Taken: Fixing the TXM problem

4/10/17 SDCCH Drop Rate

 References list

Reference

[10] sjzl20062303-ZXG10-BSS (V2.97)

Operation Manual (Radio Parameters)
GBO_014_E1_0 Special Topic of Radio Network
Optimization-82
GBC_004_E1_0 Radio parameters -50
ZTE Statistics

4/10/17 SDCCH Drop Rate

4/10/17 SDCCH Drop Rate
 Appendix

DRT/EDRT
The DRT/EDRT fulfills conversion between voice codes at the GSM radio interface and the PSTN A-law PCM voice codes in the BSC, and implements rate
adaptation (including data services rate adaptation) between them.
DRT: Dual-rate transcoder, realizing the transcoding service processing. It can process 126 FRs or 32 EFRs at most.
EDRT (C62): Enhanced dual-rate transcoder, an enhanced version of the DRT board. It can process 126 FRs or 126 EFRs at most.
EDRT (C64): Enhanced dual-rate transcoder, an enhanced version of the DRT board. It can process 126 FRs, 126 EFRs or 126 HRs at most.
Functions and Principles
The board has the following functions.
Performs the transcoding and rate adaptation function: It converts the 260-bit vocoder block into one hundred and sixty 8-bit A-law PCM sample
signals, and vice versa. Performs framing and vocoder block synchronization, detect voice activation, regulate the block phase in the downlink direction to
minimize delay, send alarms to BSC by passing through BTS through in-band signaling, processes data blocks in compliance with the protocol standard rate
adaptation and re-assorting them following the A interface requirements.
Provide physical-layer functions of the digital trunk interface.
Separates signals, SS7 links pass transparently, and the service channels pass through the DSP for processing.
Has the HDLC channels communicating directly with the, facilitating O & M Center.
Fig 3.181 shows the DRT/EDRT board organizational diagram. DRT uses eight DSPs, EDRT (C62) uses six, and EDRT (C64) uses two. In the given figure, n = 8, 6,
2 respectively.
The DRT/EDRT comprises the DSP, CPU, and switching circuits. The DSP is responsible for mass calculations, implementing the conversion between radio service
channels and ground service channels. It is the core of the DRT/EDRT board.
Fig 3.181 DRT/EDRT Board Organizational Diagram

DRT/EDRT Board Fault

Fault Symptom
DSP is faulty or communication with the corresponding TCPP is disconnected.
Fault Cause Analysis
Communication between TCPP and DRT/EDRT is faulty. Hardware of the TCPP board is faulty. DSP on the DRT/EDRT board is faulty.
Troubleshooting
Perform the following steps to troubleshoot the fault:
1. Check whether the corresponding TCPP board is faulty. If it is faulty, troubleshoot the TCPP board fault first.
2. If the DSP is faulty, then go to step 6.
3. Check whether there is any clock loss alarm from this board. If there is, then reset and unplug/plug the relevant board.
4. Check whether the backplane connection cable is loose or modified.
5. Check whether the foreground and background data are consistent and whether relevant data are configured.
6. Download the DRT and EDRT versions again and reset the board.
7. Replace the DRT/EDRT board. If the fault still remains, plug the board to another slot.
Precautions
Be sure to wear an antistatic wrist strap when touching a board or component.

4/10/17 SDCCH Drop Rate

 Radio parameters

Radio parameters setting

Cells minimum access level: which causes SDCCH
drop in weak coverage area.
Unreasonable BSIC setting
Unreasonable power control setting, such as
unreasonable level, quality power control threshold,
which will cause MS to reduce power even in the case
of weak signal and poor call quality. ()
Unreasonable FH parameter setting: parameter
setting Unreasonable MAIO configuration will cause co-
channel interference and adjacent-channel
interference within one site.
Incomplete adjacent-cell data definition or
configuration error
Congestion exists in adjacent cell

4/10/17 SDCCH Drop Rate