Pain, Numbness, Weakness, Tingling, and Incontinence

SPINA BIFIDA OCCULTA

Patch of hair
Dimple or Sinus
Mole or nevus (Birthmark)

NO SYMPTOMS!!!
Paraplegia, Incontinence
C AND L: CONVEXES
T AND S: CONCAVES
SACRAL
HUNCHBACK SWAYBACK LATERAL DEV.
? ?
THORACIC CAGE:
RIBS
STERNUM
THORACIC
VERTEBRAE

STERNUM:

MANUBRIUM BODY XIPHOID

SUPRASTERNAL NOTCH
STERNO-MANUBRIAL JOINT
(ANGLE OF LOUIS)
COSTAL ANGLE
 THORACIC
CAGE

Cervical verteb. 1
True rib: seven 2,3
False rib : 6
Floating rib 4
Manubrium 9
Body 8
Xiphoid process 7
Lumbar vertebra 5
 RIB

RIB AND VERTEBRA

ARTICULATED
APPENDICULAR SKELETON: Shoulder girdle, Pelvic
girdle, and Limbs or Extremities

SHOULDER GIRDLE: CLAVICLE AND SCAPULA

 CLAVICLE: COLLARBONE

SUPERIOR ASPECT

INFERIOR ASPECT
POSTERIOR ASPECT

SCAPULA OR
SHOULDER BLADES
SCAPULA: Anterior aspect
SHOULDER
GIRDLE
UPPER
LIMBS
 HUMERUS

ANT POST ANT

FOREARM
MARKINGS

SUPINATION:
bones are
parallel

PRONATION:
bones are
crossed
DISSECTED
HUMAN
CARPAL
SCAPHOID:
AVASCULAR
NECROSIS
(most freq fx)

LUNATE:
Most freq
dislocate

HAMATE:
Ulnar nerve
injury
PELVIS: Pelvis girdle + sacrum + coccyx
PELVIS GIRDLE (HIP): Two coxal bones

MALE FEMALE
 FEMALE
(broader and
shallower)

MALE
COXAL BONES = HIP
 ANATOMICAL REFERENCES IN THE PELVIS

Iliac crest, sacroiliac joint, greater sciatic notch,

anterior superior and inferior iliac spines, posterior
superior and inferior iliac spines, acetabulum

Ischial tuberosity, ischial spine, lesser sciatic notch

Symphysis pubis, pubic tubercle, pubic arch

Obturator foramen, false pelvis, true pelvis

FEMUR
FEMUR
PATELLA
Formed between
2 to 6 years old
TIBIA AND
FIBULA
ANKLE
(Calcaneous or heelbone the bodys weight)

FOOT
(3)
BONES
SKULL: IMMOVABLE JOINTS: Synarthrotic
SPINAL COLUMN:
SLIGHTLY
MOVABLE
JOINT

(Amphiarthrotic)
 SLIGHTLY MOVABLE:
Amphiarthrotic: SYMPHYSIS PUBIS
MOVING SYNOVIAL
JOINTS:
shoulder, hip

Ball-and-socket joints
(Diarthrotic)
 TRIAD KNEE INJURY

Medial or tibial collateral ligament

Anterior cruciate ligament
Medial meniscus

MOST FREQUENT INJURY IN THE KNEE!!!

(Hinge synovial)
ELBOW JOINT: HINGE JOINT
SADDLE JOINT: GLIDING: Carpal, Tarsal
CM joint
 PRINCIPAL PIVOT JOINTS:
2-Atlas-Axis
4-Intervertebral
5-Ulna-Radius
Ulna-Radius
SYNOVIAL JOINTS:
Articular cartilage
Joint capsule
Synovial membrane
Synovial fluid
Bursae
Supporting ligaments
OSTEOMYELITIS
OSTEOARTHRITIS
OSTEOARTHRITIS
RA
RA
RA
SLE
SLE