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Keanekaragaman Hayati

(Biodiversit
y)
Kompetensi Dasar
Basic Competence
3.1 Mendiskripsikan konsep
keanekaragaman gen, jenis,
ekosistem melalui pengamatan
3.1. Describing concepts
biodiversity in genes, species,
and ecosystems based on
students observation
Indikator/Indica
tors
Mengidentifikasi keanekaragaman
gen, jenis, ekosistem mll
pengamatan
Able to identify the biodiversity of
genes, species, and ecosystems
through observations
Merumuskan konsep keseragaman
dan keberagaman dari makhluk
hidup dari hasil pengamatan
Finding the concepts of similarities
and diversities of living things
through observations
Membandingkan ciri
keanekaragaman hayati tingkat
gen, jenis dan ekosistem
Doing a comparative study of the
characteristics of biodiversity on
different levels i.e.: genes,
species, and ecosystems
Mengenali kekhasan berbagai
tingkat keanekaragaman di
lingkungan sekitar
Understanding specific diversity
on each level found in the
Pengertian/Definiti
ons
Adalah totalitas variasi bentuk,
sifat,penampilan, ukuran yang
terdapat pada makhluk hidup.
Variations in shapes, performance,
and sizes of living organisms
Penyebabnya : faktor keturunan
(gen) dan faktor lingkungan
( fenotip)
Causing factors: inherited/genes
Tingkatan keanekaragaman
Hayati
1. Keanekaragaman tingkat gen
Biodiversity levels
1. Gene diversity
Terjadi karena perbedaan gen dalam suatu species
antar species. Perbedaan sifat ditingkat species
disebut variasi. Variasi pada spesies tanaman disebu
varietas, pada hewan disebut ras.
Gene diversity happens due to differences of genes
either within species or among them that is called
as variations. Within the plants this variation is
called Variety, while among the animals is called
race
Contoh/examples:
a. variasi antar/ Variations among individuals
-dalam satu keluarga; bentuk fisikdari masing-masing
anggota berbeda; phisical performance of the family
members are differrent
-ukuran biji kacang dalam satu tanaman; differences
in size of the seeds
-Warna bulu anak ayam dalam satu induk; variations in
feathers color
Variasi
Ayam unggul adalah ayam Lehorn,
ayam Minorca, Light susex.
Padi bengawan solo, si gadis, begowonto,
pb5, pelita I, Pelita II, cisadane
Jagung metra, malin, harapan, dan bima
Jeruk hibrida
B. Variations within the varieties
Rice: pb 5, rojolele, IR, etc
Manggoes: arum manis, golek

C. Variations within the animal races


Cows: Maduranese, Fries Holland, etc

2. Species Diversity
Easy to be distinguished due to its clear
variations
Differences within species
Variations within the gramineae, rice, corn, etc
Variations within insects: domestic flies,
mosquitoes, and grasshoppers, etc.
3. Ecosystem Biodiversity
Due to interaction between biotics and abiotics factors
Terrestrial ecosystem/biomes can be divided into: savana, torpical
rain forests, and dessert.
Water ecosystem
Tomat
Anggur
Jambu
Semangka
Kobis
BIOMA
FAKTOR PEMBENTUK BIOMA ADALAH POLA
IKLIM DI MUKA BUMI/ THE BIOME IS
FORMED BY THE WEATHERS PATTERN ON
EARTH
Iklim menyebabkan ada hewan dan tumbuhan
yang mampu dan tidak mampu bertahan.
Tumbuhan yang mampu bertahan akan
menjadi komunitas utama dan membentuk
bioma.
Weather may cause some plants or animals
are able or unable to survive. Those plants
able to survive become the main community
POLA IKLIM DIPENGARUHI OLEH FAKTOR
GEOGRAFIS/ THE WEATHERS FACTORS ARE
AFFECTED BY GEOGRAPHIC FACTORS

Garis Lintang / Equator Line


Garis lintang menerangkan perbedaan suhu di muka bumi.
Perbedaan suhu tersebut disebabkan karena perbedaan sudut
datangnya radiasi sinar matahari ke permukaan bumi, sehingga
menurut garis lintangnya suhu di bumi dibedakan menjadi
tropis, sub tropis, sedang dan dingin. Darrah-daerah yang
bersuhu sama akan mempunyai bioma yang sama.
Equator line explain the temperature differences on earth that
caused by difference of the sun lights angle achieving the
earth, and accordingly it groups some area into tropical, sub
tropical and cold areas. The area that have similar temperature
will have similar biome
Pola Angin/ Wind Patterns
Pola angin di permukaan bumi mempengaruhi pola
iklim karena angin membawa udara lembap saat datang
dari laut dan membawa udara kering setelah
melewati daratan yang luas. The wind patterns on
earths will affect the weathers pattern, because the humid
wind that flows from the sea brings the dry weather
when it reach the earth.

Ketinggian/Altitude
Elevasi yang tinggi sering menghasilkan suhu lebih
rendah dan curah hujan lebih tinggi. The height elevation
causes the lower temperature and so bring more rain fall to
thatyang
Iklim areaberaneka di bumi menimbulkan terbentuknya jenis-
jenis vegetasi dan juga didukung oleh hewan yang berbeda-
beda. Different weather may lead to a different vegetation and
so animals
Bioma/Biomes
Macamnya/ Classified as:
1. Bioma gurun / padang pasir; Stepa
Biome
2. Bioma padang rumput/Savana
Biome
3. Bioma hutan hujan tropis/Tropical
Forest Biome
4. Bioma hutan gugur/Deciduous forest
5. Bioma Taiga/Taiga Biome
PERSEBARAN BIOMA DI DUNIA

BIOMA DI DUNIA
Diskusikan pertanyaan dibawah ini
dan kumpulkan hasil diskusimu/
1. Discuss
Ada berapa tipethe
biomafollowing questions
didunia ? Sebutkan ! and
State the types of biomes in the world
2. Faktor-faktor apasubmitt your taskterjadinya
saja yang menyebabkan
perbedan antara bioma-bioma tersebut / State several
factors that cause the differences among those biomes
3. Sebutkan ciri-ciri faktor abiotik dan biotik pada bioma
tundra, taiga dan hutan hujan tropis/ Give the biotic and
abiotic factors of the tundra, taiga and tropical forest biomes
4. Diantara ke tiga bioma tersebut, bioma manakah yang
terdapat diindonesia?Sebutkan ciri khas bioma tersebut!
Among those three biomes (no. 3) which one exist in
Indonesia, state the basic characteristics of it
5. Jelaskan fungsi bioma hutan hujan tropis! State the function
of tropical forest biome
6. Permasalahan sajakah yang terdapat pada bioma tersebut?
Jelaskan cara pemecahannya! Apa State several problems
of that particular biolme, and how to solve it?
7. Lgkah-langkah apa sajakah untuk melestarikan
keanekaragaman hayati diIndonesia/ State several steps to

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